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Transcellular transport characteristics of huperzine alone or in combination with ginkgolide B across Caco-2 and Madin-Darby canine kidney cell monolayer

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2014年第11期7卷 889-894页

作者： Wen-Cui Zhao Zhi-Hong Hou Qi Zhang Wei Zheng Pharmacy Department 208th Hospital of PLA. Hospital Office 208th Hospital of PLA. infirmary 208th Hospital of PLA.

Objective:To study the various processes involved in transcellular transport(TT) of huperzine A alone or in combination with ginkgolide B in Caco-2 and Madin-Darby canine renal(MDCK)cell ***:The transepithelial passage was assayed in the apical-to-basolateral(AP to BL) direction and opposite direction(BL to AP) in both cell *** determination of huperzine A and ginkgolide B were performed by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC).The passage rates of huperzine A and ginkgolide B were ***-directional TT(absorption and secretion) were taken in huperzine A and ginkgolide B in Caco-2 and MDCK cell ***:TT absorption and secretion kinetics of huperzine A and ginkgolide B across two cells existed at the same *** passage rates of huperzine A were increased significantly with adding different concentrations of ginkgolide ***:The compound preparations of HA in combination with CB for dementia caused by cerebral ischemic have synergistic effects on the pharmacodynamics,and improve the bioavailability through BBB.

关键词： Caco-2 Huperzine A Ginkgolide B Madin-Darby canine renal Transcellular Transport

Ivabradine tolerability in heart failure

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2018年第11期15卷 708-709页

作者： Sarah Birkhoelzer Daniel Stevens Donah Zachariah Jackie Taylor Nigel Rowell Paul R Kalra Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust UK Medical Affairs Department Servier Laboratories UK Glasgow Royal infirmary UK South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust UK

The Systolic Heart failure treatment with the I( inhibitor ivabradine Trial (SHIFT, n = 6505) evaluated patients with symptomatic chronic heart failure (CHF), in sinus rhythm with resting heart rate ≥70 beats/min and... 详细信息

关键词： Heart failure Ivabradine Quality of life The elderly

Sex Hormones and Malignancy

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国际内科双语杂志（中英文） 2002年第5期2卷 53-56页

作者： CathyHay FredCWWu Clinlbal Research Fellowat Manchester Royal infirmary ManchesterUK Consultant Endocrinologistat Manchester Royal infirmary ManchesterUK

Male and female sex hormones are essential for prenatal and postnatal sexual development, and for many aspects of adult reproductive health. However, evidence from experimental animal studiesand clinical epidemiological data indicates that prolonged exposure to endogenous sex steroids promotes neoplastic transformation in the glandular epithelia of secondary sexual organs (e. ***,uterus, prostate). Sex steroids recruit mitotically quiescent(Go) cells to enter the proliferative cell cycle (G1 and S phases)by increasing the expression of regulator). proteins, evclins andcyclin-dependent kinases. Sex steroids also repress genes that activate apoptotic progvammed cell death. These mitogenic and antiapoptotie actions can increase the likelihood of random geneticerrors and promote the development and progression of cancers. For clinicians, the most important aspect of this relationship isthe modest increased risk of breast and prostatic malignancies,over background rates, attributable to the use of exogenous sexsteroids for contraception and honnone replacement therapy(HRT) .Tiffs contribution focnses on this aspect.

关键词：性激素恶性肿瘤性腺发育乳腺癌内源性雌激素激素替代疗法口服雌孕合剂避孕法子宫内膜癌卵巢癌子宫颈癌前列腺癌雄激素雌激素

Optimizing the intraocular lens formula constant according to intraocular lens diameter

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2021年第5期14卷 700-703页

作者： Abdul R El-Khayat Paul Tesha Department of Ophthalmology Leicester Royal InfirmaryLeicesterLE15WWUK Department of Ophthalmology Lincoln County HospitalLincolnLN25QYUK

AIM:To determine whether the different diameters of a specific intraocular lens(IOL)have significantly different optimized SRK/T A constants and whether these new A constants can improve refractive ***:Data were collected prospectively from Jan.2011 to Dec.2012 on all patients undergoing routine cataract surgery at a district general hospital in the *** were divided into three groups according to the size of the Akreos AO MI60 IOL used.A constants for the SRK/T formula were optimized according to the size of the *** optimized A constants were then used to select future refractive ***:A total of 2398 cataract operations were performed during the study period of which 1131 met the inclusion *** three optimized A constants for the different sized IOLs were 118.98,119.13,*** difference between them was highly significant(P≤0.0001).Two optimized A constants for three sizes of IOL led to an improvement in refractive outcomes(from 93.4%to 94.6%of refractive outcomes within 1.00 D of predicted spherical equivalent).The optimized A constant for the largest IOL was based on a small number of cases and was not ***:Optimizing the A constant for the three distinct sizes of the Bausch&Lomb Akreos MI60 lens lead to three significantly different A *** our practice,using two different optimized A constants for three different sized IOLs give the least refractive error,however,using three optimized A constants may give better results with a larger dataset.

关键词： intraocular lens formula constant optimization cataract surgery

Bypassing the blood-brian barrier using established skull base reconstruction techniques

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2015年第1期1卷 -页

作者： Marcel M.Miyake Benjamin S.Bleier Department of Otology and Laryngology Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary Harvard Medical School Boston MA USASanta Casa de Sao Paulo School of Medical Sciences Sao Paulo BrazilCAPES-Brazil Scholarship Brazil Department of Otology and Laryngology Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA

UNASSIGNED:Neurological disorders represent a profound healthcare problem accounting for 6.3% of the global disease burden. Alzheimer's disease alone is expected to impact over 115 million people worldwide by 2050 with a cost of over $1 trillion per year to the U.S. economy. Despite considerable advances in our understanding of the pathogenesis and natural history of neurological disorders, the development of disease modifying therapies have failed to keep pace. This lack of effective treatments is directly attributable to the presence of the blood-brain and blood-cerebrospinal fluid barriers (BBB and BCSFB) which prevent up to 98% of all potential neuropharmaceutical agents from reaching the central nervous system (CNS). These obstacles have thereby severely limited research and development into novel therapeutic strategies for neurological disease. Current experimental methods to bypass the BBB, including pharmacologic modification and direct transcranial catheter implantation, are expensive, are associated with significant complications, and cannot be feasibly scaled up to meet the chronic needs of a large, aging patient population.;UNASSIGNED:An innovative method of direct CNS drug delivery using heterotopic mucosal grafts was described. This method is based on established endoscopic skull base nasoseptal flap reconstruction techniques. The model has successfully demonstrated CNS delivery of chromophore-tagged molecules 1000 times larger than those typically permitted by the BBB.;UNASSIGNED:This innovative technique represents the first described method of permanently bypassing the blood-brain barrier using purely autologous tissues. This has the potential to dramatically improve the current treatment of neurological disease by providing a safe and chronic transnasaldelivery pathway for high molecular weight neuropharmaceuticals.

关键词： Blood–brain barrier Mucosal flap Skull base reconstruction Transnasal drug delivery

The evolution of corneal and refractive surgery with the femtosecond laser

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Eye and Vision 2015年第1期2卷 103-116页

作者： Antonis Aristeidou Elise V.Taniguchi Michael Tsatsos Rodrigo Muller Colm McAlinden Roberto Pineda Eleftherios I.Paschalis Laser Institute Thessaloniki ThessalonikiGreece Massachusetts Eye and Ear infirmary Department of OphthalmologyHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Massachusetts Eye and Ear infirmary/Schepens Eye Research Institute Boston Keratoprosthesis LaboratoryHarvard Medical SchoolBoston 02114 MAUSA Southampton University Hospitals SouthamptonUK Flinders University AdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia Wenzhou Medical University WenzhouZhejiangChina

The use of femtosecond lasers has created an evolution in modern corneal and refractive *** accuracy,safety,and repeatability,eye surgeons can utilize the femtosecond laser in almost all anterior refractive procedures;laser in situ keratomileusis(LASIK),small incision lenticule extraction(SMILE),penetrating keratoplasty(PKP),insertion of intracorneal ring segments,anterior and posterior lamellar keratoplasty(Deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty(DALK)and Descemet's stripping endothelial keratoplasty(DSEK)),insertion of corneal inlays and cataract *** the technology matures,it will push surgical limits and open new avenues for ophthalmic intervention in areas not yet *** we witness the transition from femto-LASIK to femto-cataract surgery it becomes obvious that this innovation is here to *** article presents some of the most relevant advances of femtosecond lasers to modern corneal and refractive surgery.

关键词： Femtosecond Laser Refractive Corneal surgery Cataract surgery Penetrating keratoplasty Deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty Descemet's stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty Laser in situ keratomileusis Small incision lenticule extraction

Wrap choice during fundoplication

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第48期25卷 6876-6879页

作者： Simon R Bramhall Moustafa M Mourad Department of Surgery The County HospitalHereford HR12ERUnited Kingdom Department of Surgery Worcester Royal InfirmaryWorcester WR51DDUnited Kingdom

Gastro-oesphageal reflux disease is an increasing health *** mainstay of treatment has conventionally been medical therapy but since the introduction of laparoscopic surgery laparoscopic anti-reflux surgery has been increasingly used for intractable symptoms or in patients unwilling to take long term *** Nissen 360 degree wrap has traditionally been considered the gold standard operation but can be associated with significant *** complications include“gas bloat”and dysphagia and can occur relatively *** modifications have been described to the original operation and some of these have been *** addition alternative wraps have been described which seem to have a reduced incidence of complications associated with their *** editorial discusses the various types of wrap that can be performed and the minimum requirements of the surgical *** evidence from a recent meta-analysis of the randomised data has suggested that an anterior wrap is associated with a lower rate of complications and gives just as good control of reflux *** advantages and disadvantages of an anterior wrap are *** lack of long term follow up data concerns some practitioners and at the moment the choice of wrap carried out still rests with the individual surgeon.

关键词： Fundoplication Wrap Laparoscopic Reflux disease Choice

Management of patients with a short bowel

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2001年第6期7卷 741-751页

作者： Jeremy M D Nightingale Consultant Gastroenterologist Gastroenterology CentreLeicester Royal InfirmaryUnited Kingdom

There are two common types of adult patient with a short bowel, those with jejunum in continuity with a functioning colon and those with a jejunostomy. Both groups have potential problems of undemutrition, but this is a greater problem in those without a colon, as they do not derive energy from anaerobic bacterial fermentation of carbohydrate to short chain fatty acids in the colon. Patients with a jejunostomy have major problems of dehydration,sodium and magnesium depletion all due to a large volume of stomal output. Both types of patient have lost at least 60cm of terminal ileum and so will become deficient of vitamin B12. Both groups have a high prevalence of gallstones (45%) resulting from periods of biliary stasis. Patients with a retained colon have a 25% chance of developing calcium oxalats renal atones and they may have problems with D (-)lactic acidosis. The survival of patients with a short bowel,even if they need long-term parenteral nutrition, is good.

关键词： Short bowel syndrome Patients/statistics & numerical data

Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy before resection of perihilar cholangiocarcinoma: A systematic review

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2020年第2期19卷 103-108页

作者： Minas Baltatzis Santhalingam Jegatheeswaran Ajith K.Siriwardena Regional Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery Unit Manchester Royal InfirmaryOxford RoadManchester M139WLUK Faculty of Biology Medicine and HealthUniversity of ManchesterManchester M139WLUK

Background: Treatment with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by liver transplantation yields promising results in perihilar cholangiocarcinoma (PH-CCA). This study reviews the literature to assess whether there is evidence to justify modern phase Ⅱ studies of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy prior to resection of *** sources: A systematic review of the literature for reports of patients undergoing resection of PH- CCA after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy was performed using MEDLINE and EMBASE databases for the period between 1990 and 2019. The keywords and MeSH headings "hilar cholangiocarcinoma", "Klatskin", "chemoradiotherapy" and "chemotherapy" were used. Data were extracted on demographic profile, dis- ease staging, chemoradiotherapy protocols, complications and outcome. Risks of bias were assessed using Cochrane methodology. Results: There were seven reports on this topic, with median recruitment period of 14 (range 4–31) years. The total number of patients in these studies was 87. Interval from completion of neoadjuvant treatment to surgery varied from 3 days to 6 months. Resection was by hepatectomy with three studies reporting an R0 rate of 100%, 24% and 63%, respectively. Three studies reported histopathological evidence of prior treatment response. There were two treatment related deaths at 90 days. Median survival was 19 (95% CI: 9.9–28) months and 5-year survival 20%. Conclusions: There are potential benefits of treatment on both R0 rate and complete response in resected specimens. Scientific equipoise exists in relation to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for PH-CCA.

关键词： Perihilar cholangiocarcinoma Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Radiotherapy Surgery