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Mycoplasma hominis Pneumonia Presented as a Cavitary Mass with a Halo Sign in an Immunocompetent Adult Male:A Case Report

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infectious diseases & Immunity 2024年第3期4卷 142-145页

作者： Pan-Pan Xie Yao Yao Ning Yang Wen-Kai Niu Xin Yuan Department of Respiratory and Critical Care diseases Senior Department of Infectious Diseasesthe Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalNational Clinical Research Center for Infectious DiseasesBeijing 100039China Anhui Medical University PLA 307 Clinical College Beijing 100039China.

Mycoplasma hominis is an opportunistic microorganism that colonizes the genitourinary tract and causes genitourinary ***,pulmonary infections caused by *** have rarely been reported in immunocompetent ***,we report a rare case of an immunocompetent adult male with *** pneumonia who presented with multiple pulmonary nodules that progressed to a cavitary mass with a halo *** presence of *** infection was confirmed using multiplex polymerase chain reaction(mPCR)of the bronchoalveolar lavage *** patient demonstrated no response to the initial levofloxacin therapy;however,the symptoms subsequently improved after the administration of *** may be an underestimated causative agent of community-acquired pneumonia of unknown etiology in immunocompetent adults,and the involvement of the organism should be especially suspected in sexually active *** diagnostic methods,such as mPCR,can be used to identify the etiology of atypical *** antibiotics are crucial for effective treatment.

关键词： M.hominis Halo sign Cavitary pneumonia Extragenital infections Case report

Repurposing Loperamide as an Anti-Infection Drug for the Treatment of Intracellular Bacterial Pathogens

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Engineering 2024年第8期39卷 180-193页

作者： Hongtao Liu Siqi Li Le Deng Zhenxu Shi Chenxiao Jiang Jingyan Shu Yuan Liu Xuming Deng Jianfeng Wang Zhimin Guo Jiazhang Qiu State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic infectious diseases&Key Laboratory of Zoonosis research Ministry of EducationInstitute of ZoonosisCollege of Veterinary Medicine&Jilin UniversityChangchun 130062China center for Pathogen Biology and infectious diseases The First Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun 130031China Jiangsu Co-Innovation center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal infectious diseases and Zoonoses Institute of Comparative MedicineCollege of Veterinary MedicineYangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China

Infections caused by intracellular bacterial pathogens are difficult to treat since most antibiotics have low cell permeability and undergo rapid degradation within *** rapid development and dissemination of antimicrobial–resistant strains have exacerbated this *** the increasing knowledge of host–pathogen interactions,especially bacterial strategies for survival and proliferation within host cells,host-directed therapy(HDT)has attracted increased interest and has emerged as a promising antiinfection method for treating intracellular ***,we applied a cell-based screening approach to a US Food and Drug Administration(FDA)-approved drug library to identify compounds that can inhibit the intracellular replication of Salmonella Typhimurium(***).This screening allowed us to identify the antidiarrheal agent loperamide(LPD)as a potent inhibitor of *** intracellular *** treatment of infected cells markedly promoted the host autophagic response and lysosomal activity.A mechanistic study revealed that the increase in host autophagy and elimination of intracellular bacteria were dependent on the high expression of glycoprotein nonmetastatic melanoma protein B(GPNMB)induced by *** addition,LPD treatment effectively protected against *** infection in Galleria mellonella and mouse ***,our study suggested that LPD may be useful for the treatment of diseases caused by intracellular bacterial ***,LPD may serve as a promising lead compound for the development of anti-infection drugs based on the HDT strategy.

关键词： Intracellular bacteria US Food and Drug Administration(FDA)-approved drugs Drug repurposing Loperamide Autophagy Glycoprotein nonmetastatic melanoma protein B

Asialoglycoprotein receptor 1 promotes SARS-CoV-2 infection of human normal hepatocytes

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第3期9卷 1199-1208页

作者： Xinyi Yang Xu Zheng Yuqi Zhu Xiaying Zhao Jun Liu Jiangna Xun Songhua Yuan Jun Chen Hanyu Pan Jinlong Yang Jing Wang Zhimin Liang Xiaoting Shen Yue Liang Qinru Lin Huitong Liang Min Li Fei Peng Daru Lu Jianqing Xu Hongzhou Lu Shibo Jiang Ping Zhao Huanzhang Zhu State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Engineering research center of Gene Technology Ministry of EducationInstitute of GeneticsSchool of Life SciencesYiwu Research InstituteFudan UniversityShanghaiChina Department of Microbiology Faculty of Naval MedicineNaval Medical UniversityShanghai 200433China Scientific research center Shanghai Public Health Clinical CenterFudan UniversityShanghaiChina Department of infectious diseases and Immunology Shanghai Public Health Clinical CenterFudan UniversityShanghaiChina Changzheng Hospital Naval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology(MOE/NHC/CAMS) Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and BiosecuritySchool of Basic Medical SciencesFudan UniversityShanghaiChina Department of infectious diseases and Nursing research Institution National Clinical Research Center for Infectious DiseasesThe Third People’s Hospital of ShenzhenShenzhenGuangdongChina

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)causes multi-organ damage,which includes hepatic dysfunction,as observed in over 50%of COVID-19 *** I converting enzyme(peptidyl-dipeptidase A)2(ACE2)is the primary receptor for SARS-CoV-2 entry into host cells,and studies have shown the presence of intracellular virus particles in human hepatocytes that express ACE2,but at extremely low ***,we asked if hepatocytes might express receptors other than ACE2 capable of promoting the entry of SARS-CoV-2 into *** address this question,we performed a genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 activation library screening and found that Asialoglycoprotein receptor 1(ASGR1)promoted SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus infection of HeLa *** Huh-7 cells,simultaneous knockout of ACE2 and ASGR1 prevented SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus *** the immortalized THLE-2 hepatocyte cell line and primary hepatic parenchymal cells,both of which barely expressed ACE2,SARSCoV-2 pseudovirus could successfully establish an ***,after treatment with ASGR1 antibody or siRNA targeting ASGR1,the infection rate significantly dropped,suggesting that SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus infects hepatic parenchymal cells mainly through an ASGR1-dependent *** confirmed that ASGR1 could interact with Spike protein,which depends on receptor binding domain(RBD)and N-terminal domain(NTD).Finally,we also used Immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy to verify that SARS-CoV-2 could infect primary hepatic parenchymal *** inhibiting ASGR1 in primary hepatic parenchymal cells by siRNA,the infection efficiency of the live virus decreased ***,these findings indicate that ASGR1 is a candidate receptor for SARS-CoV-2 that promotes infection of hepatic parenchymal cells.

关键词： ACE2 infection glycoprotein

Optimal Timing of Antiretroviral Therapy Initiation in Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome-Associated Toxoplasmic Encephalitis:A Prospective Observational Multicenter Study in China

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infectious diseases & Immunity 2024年第1期4卷 4-9页

作者： Yao Li Haidong Jiang Yanming Zeng Yanqiu Lu Siyuan Chen Yulin Zhang Zhongsheng Jiang Tongtong Yang Shuiqing Liu Yaokai Chen Department of infectious diseases Chongqing Public Health Medical CenterChongqing 400036China center for infectious diseases Beijing Youan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100069China Department of infectious diseases Liuzhou People's HospitalLiuzhou 545006GuangxiChina Department of infectious Disease The Public Health Clinical Center of ChengduChengdu 610066SichuanChina Department of infectious Disease Guiyang Public Health Clinical CenterGuiyang 550004GuizhouChina

Background:Toxoplasmic encephalitis(TE)is the most frequent cause of expansive brain lesions among patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(AIDS).However,the optimal timing of antiretroviral therapy(ART)initiation in these patients remains *** study aims to investigate the differences in outcomes of ART initiation at different times,in order to help clarify the treatment timing of AIDS-associated ***:This multicenter prospective observational study included 87 patients recruited from 11 research centers in China(from March 2019 to December 2022).Of the patients,38 were assigned to the early ART group(initiating ART within 2 weeks after anti-Toxoplasma treatment initiation),and the remaining 49 patients received deferred ART(initiating ART at least 2 weeks after anti-Toxoplasma treatment initiation).The main outcomes includedmortality and emergence of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome(IRIS).Human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)-1 viral load and CD4^(+)T-cell counts at weeks 24 and 48 were ***:The number of deaths(1 vs.5,P=0.225)and incidence of IRIS(2.6%vs.0,P=0.437)were not significantly different between the early and deferred ART groups at week *** ART initiation did not contribute significantly to HIV-1 viral load control(<50 copies/mL,n=8 vs.n=3 at week 24,P=0.142;n=7 vs.n=7 atweek 48,P=1.000).The median CD4^(+)T-cell counts between the two groups were not significantly different,either at week 24(155 vs.91 cells/mm^(3),P=0.837)or atweek 48(181 vs.146 cells/mm^(3),P=0.219).Conclusion:In patients with AIDS-associated TE,early ART initiation was not significantly different from deferred ART initiation in terms of incidence of mortality,IRIS,and HIV virological and immunological *** registration:This study was registered(registration number:ChiCTR1900021195)as one of 12 clinical trials under the title of a general project at the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry(***)on February 1,***

关键词： HIV Toxoplasma gondii Timing of antiretroviral therapy Virological outcome Immunological response

Prevention and Treatment of Mycoplasma pneumoniae Requires Long-term Attention

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infectious diseases & Immunity 2024年第2期4卷 58-60页

作者： Dawei Zhang Zhaomin Feng Quanyi Wang Department of infectious diseases Fifth Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army(PLA)General HospitalNational Clinical Research Center for Infectious DiseasesBeijing 100039China Beijing center for Disease Prevention and Control Beijing 100013China Beijing research center for Respiratory infectious diseases Beijing 100013China.

Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a major etiological agent of communityacquired pneumonia that accounts for 10%to 40%of communityacquired pneumonia and exhibits distinct cyclic epidemic patterns that recur at 3-to 7-year intervals,[1-4] Nonpharmaceutical interventions(NPIs)against coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)that were used by countries worldwide during the pandemic significantly reduced the prevalence of ***.[5]After the lifting of COVID-19 pandemic restrictions,*** gradually grew globally.[6]To provide a better understanding of the growth of *** in 2023,we explored the hazards,incidence,diagnosis,and antibiotic resistance of ***.

关键词： diagnosis pneumoniae lifting

Plasma Metabonomics of Human Adenovirus-infected Patients with Pneumonia and Upper Respiratory Tract Infection

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Current Medical Science 2024年第1期44卷 121-133页

作者： Ting-ting WEI Wen XU Bo TU Wan-xue ZHANG Xin-xin YANG Yiguo ZHOU Shan-shan ZHANG Jun-lian YANG Ming-zhu XIE Juan DU Wei-wei CHEN Qing-bin LU Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthPeking UniversityBeijing 100191China Department of infectious Disease The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalNational Clinical Research Center for Infectious DiseasesBeijing 100039China Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology&Vaccine research center School of Public HealthPeking UniversityBeijing 100191China Department of Health Policy and Management School of Public HealthPeking UniversityBeijing 100191China Global center for infectious Disease and Policy research&Global Health and infectious diseases Group Peking UniversityBeijing 100191China Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major diseases(Peking University) Ministry of EducationBeijing 100191China

Objective Human adenovirus(HAdV)infection is common and can develop to serious conditions with high mortality,yet the mechanism of HAdV infection remains *** the present study,the serum metabolite profiles of HAdV-7-infected patients with pneumonia or upper respiratory tract infection(URTI)were *** In total,35 patients were enrolled in the study following an outbreak of HAdV-7 in the army,of whom 14 had pneumonia and 21 had *** samples were collected at the acute stage and at the recovery stage and were analyzed by untargeted *** Over 90% of the differential metabolites identified between the pneumonia patients and URTI patients were lipids and lipid-like molecules,including glycerophospholipids,fatty acyls,and *** metabolic pathways that were significantly enriched were primarily the lipid metabolism pathways,including sphingolipid metabolism,glycerophospholipid metabolism,and linoleic acid *** sphingolipid metabolism was identified as a significantly differential pathway between the pneumonia patients and URTI patients and between the acute and recovery stages for the pneumonia patients,but not between the acute and recovery stages for the URTI *** and lactosylceramide,involved in sphingolipid metabolism,were significantly higher in the pneumonia patients than in the URTI patients with good discrimination abilities[area under curve(AUC)0.742 and 0.716,respectively;combination AUC 0.801].Conclusion Our results suggested that HAdV modulated lipid metabolism for both the patients with URTI and pneumonia,especially the sphingolipid metabolism involving ceramide and lactosylceramide,which might thus be a potential intervention target in the treatment of HAdV infection.

关键词： human adenovirus metabonomic lipids pneumonia upper respiratory tract infection

Porta Hepatis Tuberculous Lymphadenopathy: Clinical and Imaging Features of 10 Cases

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infectious Microbes & diseases 2024年第1期6卷 29-35页

作者： Wenjuan Hu Ming Hu Jiafeng Xia Shengyue Chen Xiaomeng Li Chengmin Sheng Wanru Guo Xuewen Feng Yanwan Shangguan Bin Lu Yunzhen Shi Junke Qiu Kaijin Xu State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of infectious diseases National Clinical Research Center for Infectious DiseasesCollaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious DiseasesThe First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina Department of Cardiology the Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalianChina Department of infectious diseases Affiliated Dongyang Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityDongyangChina Department of Tuberculosis Intensive Care Unit Hangzhou Red Cross HospitalHangzhouChina

Porta hepatis tuberculous lymphadenopathy(TL)is rare,and the clinical and imaging manifestations often mimic *** offer a bet-ter understanding of porta hepatis TL and thus improve its diagnosis and treatment,here,we retrospectively reviewed and analyzed 10 porta hepatis TL cases between May 2017 and November *** this study,porta hepatis TL occurred predominantly in women(70%),with a mean age of 43.1 years(range,16-70 years).Among the patients,60%were initially suspected of malignancy(metastatic lymphadenopathy and lymphoma).The clinical manifestations were nonspecific,such as fever and weight loss,without overt abdominal *** patients showed high concentrations of serum C-reactive protein,erythrocyte sedimentation rate,alkaline phosphatase,γ-glutamyl transpeptidase and carbohydrate antigen *** rim-like enhancement was a characteristic finding on contrast-enhanced CT for all the *** examination confirmed the diagnosis in 90%of patients with caseous granulo-matous inflammation and positive results of Xpert MTB/RIF,quantitative real-time PCR and/or metagenomic next-generation sequenc-ing *** patients underwent antituberculosis therapy with a median treatment duration of 13.5 months(range,1-43 months).They all showed satisfactory therapeutic responses with improved symptoms and resolution on imaging after *** examination by biopsy remains the primary diagnostic method.A combination of the characteristic epidemiologic,clinical,imaging fea-tures and lesion biopsy for histopathology are essential for the diagnosis and treatment of TL.

关键词： porta hepatis tuberculous lymphadenopathy misdiagnosis tumor mimicking

Message from Editor-in-Chief:Write a New Chapter of infectious diseases&Immunity in Concerted Efforts

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infectious diseases & Immunity 2024年第1期4卷 1-3页

作者： Fu-Sheng Wang Senior Department of infectious diseases the Fifth Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army(PLA)General HospitalNational Clinical Research Center for Infectious DiseasesBeijing 100039China

infectious diseases&Immunity(IDI)is with you to welcome in the New *** extend our heartfelt gratitude to all the experts,editorial board members,and reviewers whose dedicated efforts have contributed to the development of *** also express our appreciation to every reader and author who has shown interest in the progress of *** best wishes for the New Year to all!IDI was inaugurated in April 2021 and has successfully published 11 consecutive issues.

关键词： editorial welcome consecutive

A real-world study of the differences in Traditional Chinese Medicine diagnosis and treatment rules for coronavirus disease 2019 between Northern and Southern China

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2024年第4期44卷 822-829页

作者： SU Rui SU Youzhu WANG Shuo FAN Jie LIU Qingquan LIU Mifeng Department of infectious diseases Capital Medical University Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine

OBJECTIVE: To explore the differences in Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) diagnosis and treatment rules for coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) between Northern and Southern China based on the real-world data from 982 COVID-19 patients. METHODS: All consecutive cases of COVID-19 admitted to the TCM department of designated COVID-19 hospitals in eight provinces and cities were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into a Northern and a Southern group according to the location of the admitting hospital. The symptoms, syndrome elements, syndrome distribution and herbal treatments were analyzed. The core prescriptions were extracted using the multiscale backbone-based network comparison algorithm(msbNC). RESULTS: The distribution of syndrome elements showed that dampness was common in Northern and Southern China, wind and heat were more often present in the South, while fire toxin and spleen deficiency were more often encountered in the North. The distribution of syndromes showed that the South was dominated by heat dampness accumulating in the lung(55.69%), while the North was dominated by dampness-toxin stagnating in the lung(44.90%).The results of core prescription mining showed that dispelling dampness, dispersing wind, clearing heat and strengthening spleen were the common treatment methods in Northern and Southern China. For mild cases, Jinyinhua(Flos Lonicerae) and Lianqiao(Fructus Forsythiae Suspensae) were often used in the South to clear heat and relieve exterior symptoms, while Chaihu(Radix Bupleuri Chinensis) and Huangqin(Radix Scutellariae Baicalensis) were often used in the North to relieve muscles by expelling heat. For moderate cases, Chaihu(Radix Bupleuri Chinensis), Qinghao(Herba Artemisiae Annuae), and Shigao(Gypsum Fibrosum) were often used to clear heat of Tri-jiao Channel and stomach in the South, while Fuling(Poria), Chenpi(Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae), and Dangshen(Radix Codonopsis) were often used to invigorate spleen and remove damp

关键词： COVID-19 North-South difference core prescription medicine, Chinese traditional retrospective studies syndrome