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Neuropeptide Y receptor Y8b(npy8br)regulates feeding and digestion in Japanese medaka(Oryzias latipes)larvae:evidence from gene knockout

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2024年第7期25卷 605-616页

作者： Xiaodan JIA Ke LU Xufang LIANG College of Fisheries Chinese Perch Research CenterHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China Engineering research center of Green development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt Ministry of EducationWuhan 430070China

Neuropeptide Y receptor Y8(NPY8R)is a fish-specific receptor with two subtypes,NPY8AR and *** in expression levels during physiological processes or in vivo regulation after ventricular injection suggest that NPY8BR plays an important role in feeding regulation;this has been found in only a few fish,at *** order to better understand the physiological function of npy8br,especially in digestion,we used clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9(Cas9)technology to generate npy8br-/-japanese medaka(Oryzias latipes).We found that the deletion of npy8br in medaka larvae affected their feeding and digestion ability,ultimately affecting their ***,npy8br deficiency in medaka larvae resulted in decreased feed intake and decreased expression levels of orexigenic genes(npy and agrp).npy8br-/-medaka larvae fed for 10 d(10th day of feeding)still had incompletely digested brine shrimp(Artemia nauplii)in the digestive tract 8 h after feeding,the messenger RNA(mRNA)expression levels of digestion-related genes(amy,lpl,ctra,and ctrb)were significantly decreased,and the activity of amylase,trypsin,and lipase also significantly *** deletion of npy8br in medaka larvae inhibited the growth and significantly decreased the expression of growth-related genes(gh and igf1).Hematoxylin and eosin(H&E)sections of intestinal tissue showed that npy8br-/-medaka larvae had damaged intestine,thinned intestinal wall,and shortened intestinal *** far,this is the first npy8br gene knockout model established in fish and the first demonstration that npy8br plays an important role in digestion.

关键词： Neuropeptide Y receptor Y8b(npy8br) Japanese medaka(Oryzias latipes) Knockout Feeding Digestion

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Methane, Nitrous Oxide and Ammonia generation in full-scale swine wastewater purification facilities

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2017年第3期11卷 115-122页

作者： Takashi Osada Makoto Shiraishi Teruaki Hasegawa Hirofumi Kawahara National Agriculture and Food research Organization Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-0005 Japan Okayama Prefectural center for Animal Husbandry research Misaki Okayama 709-3401 Japan Chiba Prefectural Livestock research center Yachimata Chiba 289-1113 Japan Saga Prefectural Higashimastuura agricultural development and Extension center Karatsu Saga 847-0861 Japan

The activated sludge process to remove nitrogen and biochemical oxygen demand （BOD） is reportedly cost-effective for swine wastewater treatment, and it use has thus increased in pig farming. Nitrous oxide （N20） is generated on farms as an intermediate product in nitrification and denitrification, and methane （CH4） is also generated from organic degradation under anaerobic conditions by microorganisms in manure or wastewater. This study was carried out at five activated sludge treatment facilities across Japan between August 2014 and January 2015. Measurements were conducted over several weeks at wastewater purification facilities for swine farms： two in Chiba prefecture （East Japan）, two in Okayama prefecture （West Japan）, and one in Saga （Southern Japan）. Taking several environmental fluctuations into account, we collected measurement data continuously day and night, during both high-temperature and low-temperature periods. The results indicated that CH4 and N20 emission factors were 0.91% （kgCHa·kg volatile solids^-1） and 2.87% （g N2O-N·kg total N^-1）, respectively. Ammonia emissions were negligible in all of the measurements from the wastewater facilities. The N20 emission factor calculated under this experiment was low compared to our previous finding （5.0%; g N2O-N·kg N^-1） in a laboratory experiment. In contrast, the CH4 emission factor calculated herein was rather high compared to the laboratory measurements. There was great variation in daily GHG emission factors measured in the actual wastewater treatment facilities. In particular, the N2O emission rate was affected by several environmental conditions at each facility location, as well as by the management of the wastewater treatment.

关键词： Manure Greenhouse gas Denitrification BOD/NNitrous oxide Methane

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Multi-scale spatial relationships between soil total nitrogen and influencing factors in a basin landscape based on multivariate empirical mode decomposition

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Journal of Arid Land 2019年第3期11卷 385-399页

作者： ZHU Hongfen CAO Yi JING Yaodong LIU Geng BI Rutian YANG Wude College of Resource and Environment Shanxi Agricultural UniversityTaigu 030801China National Experimental Teaching Demonstration center for agricultural Resources and Environment Shanxi Agricultural UniversityTaigu 030801China College of Agriculture Shanxi Agricultural UniversityTaigu 030801China research center for Scientific development in Fenhe River Valley Taiyuan Normal UniversityJinzhong 030619China

The relationships between soil total nitrogen(STN)and influencing factors are *** objective of this study was to identify the multi-scale spatial relationships of STN with selected environmental factors(elevation,slope and topographic wetness index),intrinsic soil factors(soil bulk density,sand content,silt content,and clay content)and combined environmental factors(including the first two principal components(PC1 and PC2)of the Vis-NIR soil spectra)along three sampling transects located at the upstream,midstream and downstream of Taiyuan Basin on the Chinese Loess *** separated the multivariate data series of STN and influencing factors at each transect into six intrinsic mode functions(IMFs)and one residue by multivariate empirical mode decomposition(MEMD).Meanwhile,we obtained the predicted equations of STN based on MEMD by stepwise multiple linear regression(SMLR).The results indicated that the dominant scales of explained variance in STN were at scale 995 m for transect 1,at scales 956 and 8852 m for transect 2,and at scales 972,5716 and 12,317 m for transect ***-scale correlation coefficients between STN and influencing factors were less significant in transect 3 than in transects 1 and *** goodness of fit root mean square error(RMSE),normalized root mean square error(NRMSE),and coefficient of determination(R2)indicated that the prediction of STN at the sampling scale by summing all of the predicted IMFs and residue was more accurate than that by SMLR ***,the multi-scale method of MEMD has a good potential in characterizing the multi-scale spatial relationships between STN and influencing factors at the basin landscape scale.

关键词： intrinsic mode function multivariate empirical mode decomposition multi-scale spatial relationship sampling transect soil total nitrogen Chinese Loess Plateau

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Molecular identification of the cytoplasmic male sterile source from Dongxiang wild rice(Oryza rufipogon Griff.)

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2017年第8期16卷 1669-1675页

作者： YAN Song ZHU Shan MAO Ling-hua HUANG Ren-liang XIONG Hong-liang SHEN Lin-jun SHEN Xian-hua Rice National Engineering Laboratory(Nanchang)/Nanchang Sub-center National Rice Improvement Center/Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Rice Physiology and Genetics/Rice Research InstituteJiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology Ecology and Genetic BreedingMinistry of Education/College of AgronomyJiangxi Agricultural University Jiangxi Super-rice research and development center Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences

The use of cytoplasm male sterility （CMS） is crucial for three-line hybrid seed production. Two types of CMS have been discovered from Dongxiang wild rice, namely the wild abortion type CMS （CMS-WA） and the Dongxiang wild type CMS （CMS-DW）. In this study, we show the molecular identification of the two types of CMS in Dongxiang wild rice. WA352, which conferred CMS-WA, was not detected in Dongxiang wild iice, implying Dongxiang wild rice does not carry the CMS- WA source. Further analysis of WA352 in DYIA, a CMS-DW line, by PCR amplification and sequencing, revealed two insertion-deletion polymorphisms occurred in CMS-DW compared to WA352 of CMS-WA. It was reported that WA352 was comprised of an unknown origin sequence and partial sequences of three open reading frames （ORFs）, orf284, orf224 and orf288. The 42-bp insertion was located between the two segments of orf224 and orf288, which created a new chimeric ORF, orf216. This new ORF was also detected in CMS-HL. Based on the 9-bp deletion in orf284, a specific mitochon- drial marker of DW-M1 was developed, which could be used to specifically distinguish the DW-type source. Moreover, semi-quantitative RT-PCR analysis preliminarily suggested that both orf216 and orf284 could be considered as candidates for CMS-DW. These findings present a preliminary understanding of CMS-DW at the molecular level.

关键词： Dongxiang wild rice cytoplasm male sterile WA352 orf216 orf284 mitochondrial marker

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Vegetable production under COVID-19 pandemic in China: An analysis based on the data of 526 households

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2020年第12期19卷 2854-2865页

作者： ZHOU Jie-hong HAN Fei LI Kai WANG Yu China Academy for Rural development Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058P.R.China research center for Food Safety and Green agricultural development Qufu Normal UniversityRizhao 276826P.R.China

The COVID-19 pandemic had an enormous impact on the vegetable supply chain in *** evaluation of the pandemic’s influences on vegetable production is vital for policy settings to enhance the security of vegetable *** on first-hand data from 526 households,we explored regional differences in different types of loss and potential factors affecting the severity farmer households suffered during the *** results underline that sales contraction and price volatility in the context of interruption of supply chain dominate the total losses during the *** losses differ across provinces and are more substantial in provinces with stricter confinement *** households’participation in local market and modern marketing methods helps mitigate the negative effects of the COVID-19 shock,while labor hiring and facilities adoption in production widen the losses due to the shortage in the *** the future,the vegetable industry practitioners and relevant government departments should work together to coordinate the development of short and long supply chains and strengthen the stability and security of the vegetable supply chain.

关键词： COVID-19 vegetable supply chain farmer household fragility ordered probit model

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Effectiveness of dietary xylo-oligosaccharides for broilers fed a conventional corn-soybean meal diet

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2015年第10期14卷 2050-2057页

作者： SUO Hai-qing LU Lin XU Guo-hui XIAO Lin CHEN Xiao-gang XIA Rui-rui ZHANG Li-yang LUO Xu-gang Mineral Nutrition research Division Institute of Animal Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences High-Technology development Zone Functional Sugar Engineering Research Center of Shandong Province High-Technology development Zone Shandong Key Laboratory of Straw and Stover Biorefinement Technologies

An experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation of xylo-oligosaccharides（XOS） on growth performance, meat quality, immune functions, duodenal morphology and intestinal microbial populations of broilers fed a conventional corn-soybean meal basal diet. A total of 450 1-day-old commercial Arbor Acres male broiler chicks were randomly allocated by bodyweight to 1 of 5 treatments with 6 replicate cages（15 broilers per cage） for each of 5 treatments in a completely randomized design. Chicks were fed the basal corn-soybean meal diets supplemented with 0, 25, 50, 75, or 100 mg of XOS kg–1 of diet, respectively, for an experimental duration of 42 days. The results showed that supplementation of XOS affected feed conversion rate（feed/gain, F/G） during days 22–42 and 1–42（P〈0.03）, drip loss in thigh muscle（P=0.02）, and duodenal crypt depth（P=0.005） on day 42, but had no effect（P〉0.05） on all other measured indices. The chicks fed the diet supplemented with 100 mg of XOS kg–1 had the lowest（P〈0.05） F/G and drip loss in thigh muscle. The drip loss in thigh muscle decreased linearly（P=0.003） as the supplemented XOS increased. Duodenal crypt depth decreased（P〈0.05） at the supplemental level of 75 mg of XOS kg–1. The results indicate that dietary supplementations of 75 and 100 mg of XOS kg–1 are beneficial to broilers fed a conventional corn-soybean meal diet.

关键词： xylo-oligosaccharide effectiveness F/G drip loss broiler chick

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An ecohealth assessment of poultry production clusters (PPCs) for the livelihood and biosecurity improvement of small poultry producers in Asia

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2015年第1期4卷 49-57页

作者： Libin Wang Edi Basuno Tuan Nguyen Worapol Aengwanich Nyak Ilham Xiaoyun Li College of Humanities and development Studies China Agricultural UniversityQinghua Donglu 17Beijing 100083China indonesian center for Agriculture Socio Economic and Policy Studies J1 Ahmad Yani 7016161 BogorIndonesia center for agricultural Policy Institute of Policy and Strategy for Agriculture and Rural DevelopmentHanoiVietnam Faculty of Veterinary Sciences Mahasarakham UniversityMaha Sarakham 440000Thailand

Background:Poultry production cluster(PPC)programs are key strategies in many Asian countries to engage small commercial poultry producers in high-value production chains and to control infectious poultry *** study assessed the multiple impacts of PPCs through a transdisciplinary ecohealth approach in four Asian countries,and drew the implications for small producers to improve their livelihoods and reduce the risk of spreading infectious diseases in the poultry ***:The data collection combined both quantitative and qualitative *** comprised:formal structured household survey questionnaires,measuring the biosecurity level of poultry farms with a biosecurity score card;and key informant *** statistics were used to process the quantitative data and a content analysis was used to process the qualitative ***:This research found that poultry farms in clusters do not necessarily have better economic performance than those outside *** farmers in PPCs only consider them to be an advantage for expanding the scale of their poultry operations and improving household incomes,and they are less concerned about-and have limited capacities to-enhancing biosecurity and environmental *** measured the biosecurity level of farms in PPCs through a 14-item checklist and found that biosecurity is generally very low across all sample *** increased flies,mosquitoes,rats,and smells in and around PPCs not only pollute the environment,but also cause social conflicts with the surrounding ***:This research concluded that a poultry cluster,mainly driven by economic objectives,is not necessarily a superior model for the control of infectious *** level of biosecurity in PPCs was found to be *** the intensity of poultry operations in PPCs(farms are densely packed into clusters),and the close proximity to residential areas of some PPCs,the risk of spreading infectious diseases,in fact,incre

关键词： Poultry production cluster(PPC) Small producers Biosecurity Infectious diseases Livelihood Ecohealth

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IJABE SWAT Special Issue:Innovative modeling solutions for water resource problems

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International Journal of agricultural and Biological Engineering 2015年第3期8卷 1-8页

作者： Philip W.Gassman Wang Yingkuan center for agricultural and Rural development Iowa State UniversityAmesIA50011-1070United States Chinese Academy of agricultural Engineering Beijing100125China

The Soil and Water Assessment Tool(SWAT)ecohydrological model is used worldwide to evaluate hydrological and water quality concerns across a plethora of watershed scales and environmental *** ten studies featured in this special issue confirm the global utility of SWAT,which include applications of the model in Brazil,China,Ethiopia and the United *** range of applications reported in the special issue mirror broader trends in the extensive existing SWAT literature and provide valuable insights regarding input data sensitivity,testing,scenario analysis,software development and other important SWAT-related *** summaries of these ten studies in this SWAT special issue are provided,highlighting key procedures and findings for each application.A brief description of SWAT structure and historical development is also given including a complete listing of key documentation and enhancements for every major release of the model between the early 1990s to the present *** overview will serve as a guide to better reading and understanding of the ten research papers in this SWAT special issue of IJABE.

关键词： Soil and Water Assessment Tool(SWAT) SWAT special issue modeling solutions water resource watershed

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Dissecting Genetic Basis of Deep Rooting in Dongxiang Wild Rice

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Rice science 2022年第3期29卷 277-287页

作者： NIE Yuanyuan XIA Hui MA Xiaosong LOU Qiaojun LIU Yi ZHANG Anling CHENG Liang YAN Longan LUO Lijun Huazhong agricultural University Wuhan 430070China Shanghai Agrobiological Gene center Shanghai 201106China Jiangxi research and development center of Super Rice/Nanchang Branch of Chinese National center for Rice Improvement Nanchang 330200China

Deep rooting is an important trait in rice drought *** resources of deep-rooting varieties are valuable in breeding of water-saving and drought-resistant *** the present study,234BC2F7 backcross introgression lines were derived from a cross of Dongye 80(an accession of Dongxiang wild rice as the donor parent)and R974(an indica restorer line as the recurrent parent).A genetic linkage map containing 1977 bin markers was constructed by ddRADSeq for QTL ***-one QTLs for four root traits(the number of deep roots,the number of shallow roots,the total number of deep roots and the ratio of deep roots)were assessed on six rice chromosomes in two environments(2020 Shanghai and 2021 Hainan).Two of the QTLs,qDR5.1 and qTR5.2,were located on chromosome 5 in a 70-kb *** were detected in both ***5.1 explained 13.35%of the phenotypic variance in 2020 Shanghai and 12.01%of the phenotypic variance in 2021 ***5.2 accounted for 10.88%and 10.93%of the phenotypic variance,*** QTL(qRDR2.2)for the ratio of deep roots was detected on chromosome 2 in a 210-kb interval and accounted for 6.72%of the phenotypic variance in *** positive effects of these three QTLs were all from Dongxiang wild ***,nine and four putative candidate genes were identified in qRDR2.2 and qDR5.1/qTR5.2,*** findings added to our knowledge of the genetic control of root traits in *** addition,this study will facilitate the future isolation of candidate genes of the deep-rooting trait and the utilization of Dongxiang wild rice in the improvement of rice drought resistance.

关键词： Dongxiang wild rice backcross introgression line deep rooting genetic analysis QTL

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Synthesis,in vitro antibacterial and antifungal evaluation of novel 1,3,4-oxadiazole thioether derivatives bearing the 6-fluoroquinazolinylpiperidinyl moiety

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2020年第2期31卷 434-438页

作者： Jun Shi Na Luo Muhan Ding Xiaoping Bao State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and agricultural Bioengineering Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural BioengineeringMinistry of EducationCenter for Research and Development of Fine ChemicalsGuizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China

A series of structurally novel 1,3,4-oxadiazole thioether derivatives(6a-6z) containing a 6-fluoroquinazolinylpiperidinyl moiety were designed and synthesized using pharmacophore hybrid approach,and their structures were fully characterized by ^1H NMR,^(13)C NMR and HRMS *** them,the structure of compound 6 d was further corroborated via single-crystal X-ray diffraction *** vitro antibacterial bioassays showed that compounds 6 a,6 g,6 u and 6 v possessed EC_(50) values of 30.4,30.6,27.5 and 26.0 μg/mL against phytopathogenic bacterium Xanthomonas oryzae ***,respectively,which were significantly superior to that of commercially-available bactericide Bismerthiazol(85.1 μg/mL).Moreover,in vitro antifungal bioassays indicated that seven compounds demonstrated broad-spectrum fungicidal acitivties against six types of phytopathogenic fungi at 50 μg/*** present work showed the potential of 1,3,4-oxadiazole thioether derivatives carrying a 6-fluoroquinazolinylpiperidinyl moiety as effective antimicrobial agents for crop protection,deserving further investigations in the future.

关键词： 1,3,4-Oxadiazole thioether Fluoroquinazolinylpiperidinyl Synthesis Antibacterial activity Antifungal activity

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