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An approach towards estimating critical value of waiting time at transit stops

Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2021年第2期8卷 257-266页

作者： Subhojit Roy Debasis Basu School of Infrastructure Indian Institute of Technology BhubaneswarOdisha 752050India

Waiting time at transit stops is found to be an influential policy variable for a passenger’s decision on whether to undertake a given transit service. With regard to policy framework for improvement of operational service headway of a transit service and thereby its waiting time, the necessity to have knowledge on its critical value becomes inevitable. The critical value of waiting time for passengers waiting at transit stops is that duration beyond which passengers are found to be no more interested to wait for a that transit service. The paper demonstrates an approach for estimating the critical value of waiting time at urban transit stops with reference to public transport services such as city bus and shared-auto operational in bhubaneswar, India. The critical value of waiting time is estimated from the point on cumulative distribution curve of waiting time frequency distribution, at which the maximum rate of change of the slope of curve occurs. The work assumes two positively skewed distributions such as gamma and log-normal for observed distributional pattern of waiting time. The work identifies that gamma distribution is comparatively fitting the observed data better than log-normal distribution. The study reveals that the critical value of waiting time for city bus passengers is about twice than that of shared auto ***, the study presents new information on critical values of waiting time with reference to an urban area of a developing country, it also demonstrates an experience on application of probability distribution functions for understanding distributional pattern of waiting time.

关键词： Traffic engineering Waiting time at transit stop Critical value of waiting time Probability density function Gamma and log-normal distribution

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Impact of macro-fiscal determinants on health financing:empirical evidence from low-and middle-income countries

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Global Health Research and Policy 2019年第1期4卷 167-179页

作者： Deepak Kumar Behera Umakant Dash indian institute of public Health Public Health Foundation of India751013 BhubaneswarIndia Department of Humanities and Social Sciences Indian Institute of Technology Madras600036 ChennaiIndia

Background:Health financing is a major challenge in low-and middle-income counties(LMICs)for achieving Universal Health Coverage(UHC).Past studies have argued that the budgetary allocation on health financing depends on macrofiscal policies of an economy such as sustained economic growth and higher revenue *** the global financial crisis of late 2008 observed a shortage of financial resources in richer countries and adversely affected the health ***,this study has examined the impact of macro-fiscal policies on health financing by adopting socioeconomic factors in 85 LMICs for the period 2000 to ***:The study has employed the panel System Generalized Method of Moment model that captures the endogeneity problem in the regression estimation by adopting appropriate instrumental ***:The elasticity of public health expenditure(PHE)with respect to macro-fiscal factors varies across *** revenue shows a positive and statistically significant relationship with PHE in full sample,pre-global financial crisis,middle-income,and coefficient value varies from 0.040 to 0.141%.Fiscal deficit and debt services payment shows a negative effect on PHE in full sample,as well as sub-samples and coefficient value,varies from 0.001 to 0.032%.Aging and per capita income show an expected positive relationship with PHE in LIMI ***:Favorable macro-fiscal policies would necessarily raise finance for the health sector development but the prioritization of health budget allocation during the crisis period depends on the nature of tax revenue mobilization and demand for health ***,the generation of health-specific revenues and effective usage of health budget would probably accelerate the progress towards the achievement of UHC.

关键词： Health financing Universal health coverage Macro-fiscal policies Global financial crisis Revenue mobilization Generalized method of moment

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Mass drug administration for lymphatic filariasis elimination in a coastal state of India: a study on barriers to coverage and compliance

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2014年第1期3卷 294-301页

作者： Mohammad A Hussain Ashok K Sitha Subhashisa Swain Shridhar Kadam Sanghamitra Pati School of Population Health The University of QueenslandHerstonBrisbaneQLD 4006Australia Government of Odisha OdishaIndia public Health Foundation of India Indian Institute of Public HealthBhubaneswarOdishaIndia

Background:Lymphatic filariasis is targeted for elimination in India through mass drug administration(MDA)with diethylcarbamazine(DEC)combined with albendazole(ABZ).For the strategy to be effective,>65%of those living in endemic areas must be covered by and compliant to *** the MDA 2011 campaign in the endemic district of Odisha,we conducted a survey to assess:(i)the filariasis knowledge in the community,(ii)the coverage and compliance of MDA from the community perspective,and(iii)factors affecting compliance,as well as the operational issues involved in carrying out MDA activities from the drug distributor’s ***:A sample of 691 participants-both male and female,aged two years or above-were selected through multistage stratified sampling and interviewed using a semi-structured ***,drug distributors and the medical officers in charge of the MDA were also interviewed to understand some of the operational issues encountered during ***:Ninety-nine percent of the study participants received DEC and ABZ tablets during MDA,of which only just above a quarter actually consumed the *** cause of non-compliance was mostly due to fear of side effects,lack of awareness of the benefits of MDA,and non-attendance of health staff in the *** of adequate training of drug distributors and poor health communication activities before the MDA campaign commenced and the absence of follow-up by health workers following MDA were a few of the operational difficulties encountered during the MDA ***:Currently MDA is restricted to the distribution of drugs only and the key issues of implementation in compliance,health education,managing side effects,and logistics are not given enough *** is therefore essential to address the issues linked to low compliance to make the program more efficient and achieve the goal of filariasis elimination.

关键词： Lymphatic filariasis Mass drug administration Compliance Consumption Elimination

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public-private-partnership needs under the National Tuberculosis Elimination Program in an Eastern indian state

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2024年第10期17卷 432-434页

作者： Janmejaya Samal Arnab Mondal School of public Health SRM Institute of Science and TechnologyKattankulathurTamilnaduIndia Independent public health Researcher BhubaneswarOdishaIndia

Eliminating tuberculosis(TB)is among India's top public health priorities[1].Despite the considerable progress in providing quality TB care services,the Global TB report-2022 reveals that India is amongst the eight high TB burden countries that contributed to more than two-thirds(68.3%)of the global TB cases[2].To strengthen and aid the TB elimination efforts by 2025,five years ahead of the sustainable development goal target,the Government of India,under the program,promotes intersectoral convergence with various public sector departments and the private *** national multisectoral action framework for TB-free India promotes private-private or public-private partnerships for sustainable and impactful Corporate Social Responsibility initiatives[3].

关键词： partnership Eastern indian

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Distribution of and associated factors for dengue burden in the state of Odisha,India during 2010-2016

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2019年第3期8卷 72-81页

作者： Subhashisa Swain Minakshi Bhatt Sanghamitra Pati Ricardo J.Soares Magalhaes indian institute of public heaith-bhubaneswar Public Health Foundation of IndiaBhubaneswarOdishaIndia Regional Medical Research Center Indian Council of Medical ResearchBhubaneswarOdishaIndia School of Medicine University of NottinghamNottinghamUK UQ Spatial Epidemiology Laboratory School of Veterinary ScienceThe University of QueenslandGattonQLD 4343Australia UQ Child Health Research Centre Children’s Health and Environment ProgramThe University of QueenslandSouth BrisbaneQLD 4101Australia

This study is aimed to estimate the epidemiological burden of dengue in Odisha,India using the disability adjusted life year(DALY)methods and to explore the associated factors in the year *** the period of 2010-2016,27772 cases(68.4%male)were reported in the *** age(years)of male and female was 31.63 and 33.82,*** district wise disability adjusted life years(DALY)per 100000 people was higher in the year 2016(0.45)and mean DALY lost per person was highest in the year 2015(34.90 years).Adjusted regression model indicates,every unit increase in humidity and population density increases DALY by 1.05 and 1.02 units ***,unit change in sex ratio(females per 1000 males)and forest coverage increases the DALY by 0.98 *** results indicate geographical variation of DALY in Odisha,which is associated with population density,humidity and forest *** identified between standard incidence and DALY maps suggests,latter can be used to present disease burden more *** prevalence among young males suggests the need of strengthening the targeted prevention and control measures.

关键词： Disability adjusted life year Dengue Burden Distribution India

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Disconnect between primary care and cancer follow-up care: An exploratory study from Odisha, India

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2015年第3期3卷 9-17页

作者： Sanghamitra Pati Sukdev Nayak David Weller indian institute of public Health bhubaneswar Public Health Foundation of India2nd and 3rd FloorJSS Software Technology ParkE1/1Infocity RoadPatiaBhubaneswar 751024OdishaIndia All India institute of Medical Sciences SijuaBhubaneswar 751019OdishaIndia Ex-Director Regional Cancer CenterCuttack OdishaIndia Centre for Population Health Sciences University of EdinburghDoorway 1Medical Quad Teviot PlaceEdinburgh EH89DXUK

Objective:There has been a steady increase in the demand for cancer follow-up care in *** with Western countries,there is little evidence on the capacity of the indian primary care workforce to accommodate such *** explored the perceptions of oncologists,general practitioners,and patients with regard to the involvement of primary care in cancer follow-up ***:We undertook semistructured focus-group discussions with eight oncologists,nine general practitioners,and 17 cancer patients to gain an understanding of their perceived roles and responsibilities with regard to primary care in delivering follow-up care and the potential *** from the focus groups were transcribed verbatim,translated,and analyzed with use of a the-matic ***:Most general practitioners felt that their job is to see‘normal’patients,and cancer patients were exceptions to routine *** were apprehensive with regard to the com-petence of general practitioners and patient *** consult oncologists for cancer follow-up care as they perceive it to be very *** expressed difficulty in accessing follow-up care and want specialized oncological care by trained personnel in their ***:Despite the growing number of cancer survivors,we found a disconnect between primary care and cancer follow-up care.

关键词： Primary care cancer follow-up general practitioner qualitative perspectives Odisha India

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Data envelopment analysis for scale elasticity measurement in the stochastic case:with an application to indian banking

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Financial Innovation 2023年第1期9卷 955-990页

作者： Alireza Amirteimoori Biresh K.Sahoo Saber Mehdizadeh Faculty of Engineering&Natural Sciences Istinye UniversityIstanbulTurkey Xavier institute of Management XIM UniversityBhubaneswar 7571013India

In the nonparametric data envelopment analysis literature,scale elasticity is evaluated in two alternative ways:using either the technical efficiency model or the cost efficiency *** evaluation becomes problematic in several situations,for example(a)when input proportions change in the long run,(b)when inputs are heterogeneous,and(c)when firms face ex-ante price uncertainty in making their production *** address these situations,a scale elasticity evaluation was performed using a value-based cost efficiency ***,this alternative value-based scale elasticity evaluation is sensitive to the uncertainty and variability underlying input and output ***,in this study,we introduce a stochastic cost-efficiency model based on chance-constrained programming to develop a value-based measure of the scale elasticity of firms facing data *** illustrative empirical application to the indian banking industry comprising 71 banks for eight years(1998–2005)was made to compare inferences about their efficiency and scale *** key findings are as follows:First,both the deterministic model and our proposed stochastic model yield distinctly different results concerning the efficiency and scale elasticity scores at various tolerance levels of chance ***,both models yield the same results at a tolerance level of 0.5,implying that the deterministic model is a special case of the stochastic model in that it reveals the same efficiency and returns to scale characterizations of ***,the stochastic model generates higher efficiency scores for inefficient banks than its deterministic ***,public banks exhibit higher efficiency than private and foreign ***,public and old private banks mostly exhibit either decreasing or constant returns to scale,whereas foreign and new private banks experience either increasing or decreasing returns to *** the application of our proposed stochastic mode

关键词： Data envelopment analysis Stochastic data envelopment analysis Technical efficiency Returns to scale Economies of scale Scale elasticity indian banking Econometrics Economics

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