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Journal of clinical and Nursing research 2024年第4期8卷 264-283页

作者： Kirubanandan Shanmugam independent research professional ChennaiIndia

Enzyme inhibition therapy uses specific molecules to inhibit enzyme activity, targeting disease-related enzymes in medical treatments like cancer treatment and infectious disease management. Different types of inhibitors, competitive and non-competitive, bind to different sites and alter enzyme function. The success of this therapy depends on the inhibitor’s specificity and delivery to the target site. Further research could lead to more effective treatments. Nowadays, the majority of medications are enzyme inhibitors and are in the clinical or pre-clinical stages of drug development. Enzyme inhibitors are often prescribed medications for a variety of illnesses, including neurological problems. There is only symptomatic therapy available for many neurological conditions, particularly neuro-degenerative disorders, as opposed to therapy based on knowledge of the underlying mechanisms of these diseases. Enzyme inhibitors are useful as they block the function of certain enzymes whose aberrant activity could be contributing to the illness. They also alleviate the symptoms and stop the disease’s progression. This review discusses the mechanism of action of several enzyme inhibitors that have been prescribed as medications for neurological illnesses as well as some that are still in research stages.

关键词： Enzyme inhibitors Neurology Mechanism of action Enzymes

Utilization Management:Walking the Line Between Patient Needs and Healthcare Economics-Short Communication

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Journal of clinical and Nursing research 2024年第9期8卷 152-158页

作者： Kirubanandan Shanmugam independent research professional ChennaiIndia

Utilization management plays a crucial role in healthcare by optimizing resource allocation,improving patient outcomes,and effectively controlling *** balancing patient needs with economic considerations,healthcare institutions can ensure efficient and sustainable service *** management encompasses various strategies,including prior authorization,concurrent review,and clinical pathways,to enhance care quality,manage expenses,and streamline resource *** benefits of utilization management include cost containment,improved care standards,and the implementation of consistent treatment guidelines,thereby increasing the overall efficiency and effectiveness of healthcare delivery.

关键词： Utilization management Patient outcomes Cost control clinical pathways Care standards

Fabrication of Free Standing Nanocellulose Film via Spray Coating and its Biomedical Application: A Review

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Journal of clinical and Nursing research 2024年第4期8卷 411-447页

作者： Kirubanandan Shanmugam independent research professional ChennaiIndia

Spraying nanocellulose onto films provides a quick and scalable way to create free-standing films with exceptional consistency and customizable thickness. This method increases the application of nanocellulose films in various industries and satisfies the requirements of large-scale production. In the field of biomedicine, spray-coated free-standing nanocellulose films hold great promise for applications such as drug delivery, tissue engineering, wound healing, device coatings, and biosensing. They are excellent nanomaterials for a variety of biomedical applications due to their special qualities, including biocompatibility, high mechanical strength, porous structure, large surface area, and adaptability. This paper reviewed the detailed exposure of the spray coating process of nanocellulose suspension onto free- standing films and its biomedical applications.

关键词： Spraying Nanocellulose Film Free Standing Film Thickness Basis weight

Metabolic reprogramming: a new option for the treatment of spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration research 2025年第4期20卷 1042-1057页

作者： Jiangjie Chen Jinyang Chen Chao Yu Kaishun Xia Biao Yang Ronghao Wang Yi Li Kesi Shi Yuang Zhang Haibin Xu Xuesong Zhang Jingkai Wang Qixin Chen Chengzhen Liang Department of Orthopedics The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina Orthopedics research Institute of Zhejiang University Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province HangzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina clinical research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province HangzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina Qiandongnan Prefecture People’s Hospital KailiGuizhou ProvinceChina Department of Orthopedics Fourth Medical CenterChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina

Spinal cord injuries impose a notably economic burden on society,mainly because of the severe after-effects they *** the ongoing development of various therapies for spinal cord injuries,their effectiveness remains ***,a deeper understanding of metabolism has opened up a new therapeutic opportunity in the form of metabolic *** this review,we explore the metabolic changes that occur during spinal cord injuries,their consequences,and the therapeutic tools available for metabolic *** spinal cord metabolism is characterized by independent cellular metabolism and intercellular metabolic ***,spinal cord injury results in metabolic disorders that include disturbances in glucose metabolism,lipid metabolism,and mitochondrial *** metabolic disturbances lead to corresponding pathological changes,including the failure of axonal regeneration,the accumulation of scarring,and the activation of *** rescue spinal cord injury at the metabolic level,potential metabolic reprogramming approaches have emerged,including replenishing metabolic substrates,reconstituting metabolic couplings,and targeting mitochondrial therapies to alter cell *** available evidence suggests that metabolic reprogramming holds great promise as a next-generation approach for the treatment of spinal cord *** further advance the metabolic treatment of the spinal cord injury,future efforts should focus on a deeper understanding of neurometabolism,the development of more advanced metabolomics technologies,and the design of highly effective metabolic interventions.

关键词： axons glycolysis metabolic reprogramming metabolism mitochondria neural regeneration neuroprotection oxidative phosphorylation spinal cord injury therapy

Tissue Regeneration in Infected Wounds of Albino Rats Using Ciprofloxacin-Loaded Gelatin Microspheres Incorporated Collagen Scaffold: A Histological Approach with H&E Staining

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Journal of clinical and Nursing research 2024年第5期8卷 156-168页

作者： Kirubanandan Shanmugam independent research professional Chennai 600116India

A wound care system consisting of ciprofloxacin-loaded gelatin microspheres impregnated in a macroporous collagen scaffold was created to effectively control wound infection and regenerate soft tissue at the wound *** and biochemical alterations were observed in infected wounds treated with these scaffolds in Albino Wistar ***,the study examined the immediate and prolonged release of ciprofloxacin from the scaffolds,as well as their function in eliminating bacterial infections and expediting the process of skin healing and *** developed technique was followed in the streamlined process of creating these collagen *** to untreated wounds,the group receiving scaffold treatment experienced a faster rate of wound *** was noted that the rate of infections was considerably reduced and that full soft tissue regeneration occurred within 12 *** development of well-deposited collagen bundles in the treated groups was demonstrated by H&E staining,which verified the flawless regeneration of the dermis and *** antimicrobial agent-loaded gelatin microspheres impregnated into the porous collagen scaffold demonstrated remarkable soft tissue regeneration and efficient infection control at the wound site.

关键词： Gelatin microspheres Collagen Controlled release Wound healing

Overview of Activities:ARES-III and LEARN Analog Missions in the LunAres Hab

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Space(Science & Technology) 2022年第1期2022卷 64-82页

作者： Simon Bouriat Matej Poliaček Jacob Smith SpaceAble France Aerospace Industry professional and independent Reseacher Slovakia UK Students for the Exploration and Development of Space(UKSEDS) UK

Progress is being made on human Lunar and Martian missions by space agencies and private organisations around the world,with the aims of establishing reliable long-duration *** this,research is being carried out under controlled and isolated conditions within simulated space habitats,to gain insights into the effects of such conditions on the research subjects and their impacts on crews’wellbeing and *** paper provides an overview of the experiments conducted during two separate 15-day missions—one Martian and one Lunar—conducted in the LunAres research Base in Piła,Poland,in *** activities were common between the two crews;others were only carried out by *** the same methodology,both collected cognitive function,environmental,physiological,and inventory data,resulting in a larger dataset allowing comparisons between the two missions in terms of varying human *** conducted by the Lunar crew included the following:effects of consuming lyophilised food on oral health and saliva production,influence of isolation on hearing capability,feelings on security in the isolated habitat,and research into earthworm growth in different soil *** Mars mission analysed physical performances of the crew and compared them to performances realised during similar activities in Mars research Desert Station missions and the impact of confinement on their efficiency performing a remote operation of a *** each piece of research,an overview of the background,methodology,results,and conclusions is given,referencing the resulting *** addition,nonresearch activities are included for completeness and context.

关键词： Desert habitat consuming

Anti-Diabetic Activity of an Extract of Syzygium Jambolanum - A Review

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Journal of clinical and Nursing research 2024年第3期8卷 220-231页

作者： Kirubanandan Shanmugam independent research professional ChennaiTamil NaduIndia

Syzygium jambolanum is a promising natural treatment for *** potential benefits of S jambolanum for diabetes include lowering blood sugar levels,increasing insulin sensitivity,protecting pancreatic beta cells,and slowing the absorption of glucose into the *** anti-diabetic activity of the crude extract of S jambolanum was evaluated in L6 myotubes and the lipid deposition in tissue was measured using Nile red *** red staining confirmed that a considerable quantity of lipids had been deposited in the tissue treated with a crude extract of S jambolanum,comparable to the quantity of lipids deposited with a standard drug known as *** study analyzed the anti-diabetic activity of a crude extract of S jambolanum to understand its potential as a feedstock for extracting bioactive constituents to screen for bioactive molecules in the treatment of diabetes.

关键词： Syzygium jambolanum L6 myoblasts Column chromatography Nile red staining

AAV2-PDE6B restores retinal structure and function in the retinal degeneration 10 mouse model of retinitis pigmentosa by promoting phototransduction and inhibiting apoptosis

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Neural Regeneration research 2025年第8期20卷 2408-2419页

作者： Ruiqi Qiu Mingzhu Yang Xiuxiu Jin Jingyang Liu Weiping Wang Xiaoli Zhang Jinfeng Han Bo Lei Henan Eye Hospital Henan Provincial People’s HospitalPeople’s Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenan ProvinceChina Eye Institute Henan Academy of Innovations in Medical ScienceZhengzhouHenan ProvinceChina Branch of National clinical research Center for Ocular Disease Henan Provincial People’s HospitalZhengzhouHenan ProvinceChina Academy of Medical Science Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenan ProvinceChina

Retinitis pigmentosa is a group of inherited diseases that lead to retinal degeneration and photoreceptor cell ***,there is no effective treatment for retinitis pigmentosa caused by PDE6B ***-associated virus(AAV)-mediated gene therapy is a promising strategy for treating retinitis *** aim of this study was to explore the molecular mechanisms by which AAV2-PDE6B rescues retinal *** do this,we injected retinal degeneration 10(rd10)mice subretinally with AAV2-PDE6B and assessed the therapeutic effects on retinal function and structure using dark-and light-adapted electroretinogram,optical coherence tomography,and ***-independent acquisition-mass spectrometry-based proteomic analysis was conducted to investigate protein expression levels and pathway enrichment,and the results from this analysis were verified by real-time polymerase chain reaction and western ***2-PDE6B injection significantly upregulated PDE6βexpression,preserved electroretinogram responses,and preserved outer nuclear layer thickness in rd10 *** expressed proteins between wild-type and rd10 mice were closely related to visual perception,and treating rd10 mice with AAV2-PDE6B restored differentially expressed protein expression to levels similar to those seen in wild-type *** Encyclopedia of Genes and Genome analysis showed that the differentially expressed proteins whose expression was most significantly altered by AAV2-PDE6B injection were enriched in phototransduction ***,the phototransductionrelated proteins Pde6α,Rom1,Rho,Aldh1a1,and Rbp1 exhibited opposite expression patterns in rd10 mice with or without AAV2-PDE6B ***,Bax/Bcl-2,p-ERK/ERK,and p-c-Fos/c-Fos expression levels decreased in rd10 mice following AAV2-PDE6B *** data suggest that AAV2-PDE6B-mediated gene therapy promotes phototransduction and inhibits apoptosis by inhibiting the ERK signaling pathway and upr

关键词： apoptosis AAV2-PDE6B ERK1/2 gene therapy phototransduction proteomics rd10 retinitis pigmentosa

Enhancing m^(6)A modification in the motor cortex facilitates corticospinal tract remodeling after spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration research 2025年第6期20卷 1749-1763页

作者： Tian Qin Yuxin Jin Yiming Qin Feifei Yuan Hongbin Lu Jianzhong Hu Yong Cao Chengjun Li Department of Spine Surgery and Orthopedics Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan ProvinceChina Key Laboratory of Organ Injury Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan ProvinceChangshaHunan ProvinceChina National clinical research Center for Geriatric Disorders Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan ProvinceChina Department of Sports Medicine Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan ProvinceChina

Spinal cord injury typically causes corticospinal tract disruption. Although the disrupted corticospinal tract can self-regenerate to a certain degree, the underlying mechanism of this process is still unclear. N6-methyladenosine(m^(6)A) modifications are the most common form of epigenetic regulation at the RNA level and play an essential role in biological processes. However, whether m^(6)A modifications participate in corticospinal tract regeneration after spinal cord injury remains unknown. We found that expression of methyltransferase 14 protein(METTL14) in the locomotor cortex was high after spinal cord injury and accompanied by elevated m^(6)A levels. Knockdown of Mettl14 in the locomotor cortex was not favorable for corticospinal tract regeneration and neurological recovery after spinal cord injury. Through bioinformatics analysis and methylated RNA immunoprecipitation-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, we found that METTL14 regulated Trib2 expression in an m^(6)A-regulated manner, thereby activating the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway and promoting corticospinal tract regeneration. Finally, we administered syringin, a stabilizer of METTL14, using molecular docking. Results confirmed that syringin can promote corticospinal tract regeneration and facilitate neurological recovery by stabilizing METTL14. Findings from this study reveal that m^(6)A modification is involved in the regulation of corticospinal tract regeneration after spinal cord injury.

关键词： corticospinal tract remodeling epigenetic regulations locomotor cortex m^(6)A modification methyltransferase 14 protein(METTL14) mitogen-activated protein kinase neural regeneration spinal cord injury syringin TRIB2

Prediction of cervical lymph node metastases in papillary thyroid microcarcinoma by sonographic features of the primary site

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2019年第3期16卷 587-594页

作者： Xi Wei Meng Wang Xiaoqing Wang Xiangqian Zheng Ying Li Yi Pan Yueguo Li Jiali Mu Yang Yu Dapeng Li Ming Gao Sheng Zhang Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Ultrasonography Tianjin Medical UniversityCancer Institute and HospitalNational Clinical Research Center for CancerKey Laboratory of Cancer Prevention andTherapyTianjinTianjin's Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjin300060China Department of Thyroid and Cervical Tumor Tianjin Medical UniversityCancer Institute and HospitalNational Clinical Research Center for CancerKey Laboratory of Cancer Prevention andTherapyTianjinTianjin's Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjin300060China The ThirdDepartment of Breast Cancer Tianjin Medical UniversityCancer Institute and HospitalNational Clinical Research Center for CancerKey Laboratory of Cancer Prevention andTherapyTianjinTianjin's Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjin300060China Department of Pathology Tianjin Medical UniversityCancer Institute and HospitalNational Clinical Research Center for CancerKey Laboratory of Cancer Prevention andTherapyTianjinTianjin's Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjin300060China Department of clinical Laboratory Tianjin Medical UniversityCancer Institute and HospitalNational Clinical Research Center for CancerKey Laboratory of Cancer Prevention andTherapyTianjinTianjin's Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjin300060China

Objective: To study the sonographic features of the primary site of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma(PTMC) for the prediction of cervical lymph node metastasis during preoperative ***: A total of 710 PTMC patients between 2013 and 2016 with a diagnosis of cervical lymph node metastases were *** analyzed the sonographic features of the PTMC primary site to predict ipsilateral or central lymph node metastases in univariate and multivariate *** ratio of abutment/perimeter of the PTMC primary site was utilized to evaluate cervical lymph node ***: Regarding clinical characteristics, multifocality and extrathyroidal extension were associated with cervical lymph node *** the multivariate regression model, calcification and the abutment/perimeter ratio of lesions were evaluated as independent factors in level Ⅵ, ipsilateral or skip cervical lymph node *** cut-off value of the ratio of abutment/perimeter of the PTMC primary site(25%) was significantly correlated with cervical lymph node metastases(P = 0.000).Conclusions: independent sonographic features, including lesion size, lesion location, calcification, and the ratio of abutment/perimeter of the primary site, were associated with cervical lymph node metastases in PTMC patients.

关键词： Ultrasonography thyroid lymph nodes metastasis evaluation