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Built Heritage 2023年第1期7卷 44-58页

作者： Kelly Anderson independent consultant ManchesterEngland

Despite 30 years of discussion,adaptation work is not routinely being carried out at heritage sites to minimise future impacts of climate change,particularly increased flooding *** understand barriers to essential work being carried out,interviews were carried out with six heritage sites that have already experienced river flooding to understand levels of preparation both before and after the flooding *** results prove that despite funding,or lack of,being an important contributor,it is not the sole barrier to *** flooded sites still do not have a flood plan in place,outside agencies are preventing work being carried out,measures which have been put in place through listing status are prohibiting necessary work and delays in decision making about what is acceptable are all delaying adaptation while allowing more damage to be caused from weather *** responsibility for adaptation lies locally this situation will not improve;responsibility needs to lie more *** the principle of replacing like for like is a sound one with the best of intentions behind it,this is also contributing to losses in heritage and must be reconsidered when big decisions are finally made about what will be acceptable if impacts to heritage from future climate change are to be minimised.

关键词： climate change adaptation barriers heritage flooding site interviews

Loss Factors and their Effect on Resonance Peaks in Mechanical Systems

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Sound & Vibration 2023年第1期57卷 1-13页

作者： Roman Vinokur independent consultant Woodland HillsSan Diego91367USA

The loss factors and their effects on the magnitude and frequency of resonance peaks in various mechanical sys-tems are reviewed for acoustic,vibration,and vibration fatigue *** main trends and relationships were obtained for linear mechanical models with hysteresis *** well-known features(complex module of elasticity,total loss factor,etc.)are clarified for practical engineers and students,and new results are presented(in particular,for 2-DOF in-series models with hysteresis friction).The results are of both educational and prac-tical interest and may be applied for NVH analysis and testing,mechanical and aeromechanical design,and noise and vibration control in buildings.

关键词： Mechanical loss factor resonance peak acoustics vibration structural failure noise NVH engineering systems

The East–West Divide in Response to COVID-19

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Engineering 2021年第7期7卷 936-947页

作者： Dean T.Jamison Kin Bing Wu Department of Epidemiology and biostatistics University of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCA 98158USA independent consultant AthertonCA 94027USA

Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)deaths per million population in the countries of the West had often exceeded those in the countries of the East by factor of 100 by May *** this paper,we refer to the West as represented by the United States plus the five most populous countries of Western Europe(France,Germany,Italy,Spain,and the United Kingdom),and the East as the 15 countries in East Asia and Oceania that are members of the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership,RCEP(Australia,Brunei,Cambodia,China,Indonesia,Japan,the Republic of Korea,Laos,Malaysia,Myanmar,New Zealand,Philippines,Singapore,Thailand,and Vietnam).This paper argues that currently available information points to the factors most responsible for the East–West *** by early January 2020 about an atypical viral pneumonia in Wuhan,China,prompted rapid responses in many jurisdictions in East *** of the virus’s genome on 10 January 2020 provided essential information for making diagnostic tests and launching vaccine ***’s lockdown of Wuhan on 23 January 2020 provided a final,decisive signal of the danger of the new *** late March 2020,China had fully controlled its epidemic,and many other RCEP countries had taken early and decisive measures,including restrictions on travel,that aborted serious *** during the critical month of February 2020 in the United States and most other Western countries allowed the disease to take hold and *** both the East and the West,stringent population-wide non-pharmaceutical interventions were widely implemented at great cost to societies,economies,and school *** these measures,the outcomes could have been even *** countries in the East also implemented tightly focused policies to isolate infectious *** today,most countries in the West allow infectious individuals to mingle with their families,coworkers,and *** of the East–West divide plausibly results from f

关键词： Coronavirus disease 2019 Isolation Non-pharmaceutical interventions Pandemic Vaccination

Issues with Philippines Road Transport Energy Consumption

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Open Journal of Energy Efficiency 2014年第1期3卷 14-24页

作者： Sudhir Gota independent consultant Bangalore India

Department of Energy of Philippines statistics reveal that from 2000 to 2010, the road transport fuel consumption and corresponding CO2 emissions have grown modestly with an annual growth rate of 0.5%. This modest growth is in contrast to the rapid increase in vehicle numbers, economic activity and in absence of implementation of comprehensive sustainable transport policies and options. The main objective of this research is to correlate official fuel consumption data (i.e. top-down) with bottom up quantifications and provide relevant policy recommendations. Based on the assessment of transport demand variables and review of policies and strategies, fuel consumption in transport sector was found to be growing at a much faster rate when compared to official estimates. Use of official data on fuel consumption in road transport sector may lead to serious errors. This has huge implications on policies and investments.

关键词： Philippines Fuel Economy ASIF MRT Transport Emissions

Upper arm length along with mid-upper arm circumference to enhance wasting prevalence estimation and diagnosis:sensitivity and specificity in 6-59-months old children

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2021年第2期9卷 24-30页

作者： Mouhamed Barro Mohamed Daouda Baro Djibril Cisse Noel Zagre Thierno Ba Shanti Neff Baro Yacouba Diagana Nutrition and development association NouakchottMauritania Nutrition UNICEFNouakchottMauritania UNICEF West and Central Africa Regional Office DakarSenegal Ministry of Health NouakchottMauritania independent consultant in biostatistics ParisFrance University of Nouakchott NouakchottMauritania

Objective To evaluate the added value of the use of upper arm length(UAL)along with mid-upper arm circumference(MUAC)to diagnose and estimate the prevalence of wasting in comparison to current WHO standard and other MUAC-based *** UAL and usual anthropometric measurements were collected during a national cross-sectional nutritional *** were classified into three upper arm length groups(UALGs):UALG1,UALG2 and UALG3 according to the following UAL limits:≤150,151-180 and≥181 mm,*** operating characteristic curves were used to determine the best MUAC cut-off for each group using weight-for height Z-score(WHZ)as a reference *** prevalence,sensitivity and specificity of all diagnostic methods were *** This study was conducted in *** National representative sample of children from 6 to 59 months *** In total,12590 children were included in the *** prevalence was 16.1%,5.0%and 12.5%when diagnosed by WHZ<−2,MUAC<125 mm and MUAC-UALG methods,*** the MUAC-UALG method increased the sensitivity for wasting diagnosis from 17.98%with MUAC<125 mm to 39.43%with *** specificity decreased from 97.49%with MUAC<125 mm to 92.71%with *** MUAC-height Z score and MUAC<138 mm,sensitivity was 26.04%and 69.76%and specificity were 97.40%and 75.64%*** This alternative method using MUAC tape to measure UAL increases the wasting diagnosis accuracy and allows for a better estimation of wasting *** method could be used as a potential alternative method for quick surveys in emergency settings such as Corona virus disease 2019 context.

关键词： diagnosis estimation Upper

Social Science Tools for Natural Resource Managers

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Natural Resources 2022年第6期13卷 127-146页

作者： James L. Creighton independent consultant Kihei Hawaii USA

Over the past several decades natural resource issues have become highly controversial, even playing out on the national or international stage. While natural resource science has advanced, the controversy has not gone away. If anything, it has gotten worse. The reality is that natural resource managers need to be as skilled at addressing public concerns as they are with resource science. Fortunately, over the same period the social sciences have produced useful tools that can aid natural resource managers. But resource managers need to know about these tools and be trained in their use. The purpose of this article is to provide an introduction to some of the social science tools or approaches that have proven to reduce political conflict over resource issues. When beginning a major project, resource managers can review this list to see which of these approaches might prevent or mitigate controversy. References are provided for each tool as a starting place for further exploration.

关键词： Public Controversy Values Conflict Public Participation Dispute Resolution Joint Model Building Multi-Agency Project Co-Management Inter-Agency Dispute Resolution

Ex Ante Inequality and Under-Nutrition Vulnerability Dynamics: Case Study of the Sundarbans Delta Region, West Bengal, India

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2014年第20期5卷 1951-1963页

作者： Moumita Mukherjee independent Research consultant Atlanta USA

In this paper ex ante inequality measure is used to estimate inequality in childhood chronic under-nutrition among different vulnerable subgroups. Ex ante inequality in nutritional achievement is determined by estimating Concentration Index by ranking the sample population as per different contextual absolute and predicted vulnerabilities. Such vulnerabilities include climatic shock induced asset loss, livelihood insecurity, physical accessibility and consumption sacrifice after treatment seeking of children for under-nutrition related morbidities and perception of care givers regarding quality and effectiveness of care provided by unqualified providers. Results found that vulnerability to consumption poverty aggravated chronic under-nutrition among less vulnerable groups mainly among those who perceived that unqualified providers provided quality service and were very effective during crisis. Whereas, vulnerability to investment poverty due to asset loss aggravates chronic under-nutrition among more vulnerable groups as their low economic resilience against any safety net results in no treatment seeking but rely on home remedies to cure the child. Though due to good social cohesion, traditional knowledge and beliefs for treatment are shared among each other but this is not sufficient to break the under-nutrition morbidity vicious circle, especially when the under-nutrition is chronic in nature. So the paper finally suggests several policy suggestions for different vulnerable segments.

关键词： Vulnerability Concentration Index

Poverty Reduction and Pattern of Chronic Childhood Under-Nutrition in India: How Far Does the Link Exist?

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2014年第20期5卷 1964-1977页

作者： Moumita Mukherjee independent Research consultant Atlanta USA

In spite of an established link between poverty and under-nutrition in India, fall in under-nutrition is sluggish with fall in poverty. This research paper aims to seek answer on the effect of poverty decline on child under-nutrition in India over a period of one and a half decades. After examining the extent of association between poverty reduction and reciprocal changes in child under-nutrition, the paper found that although there was a definite influence of poverty levels on child under-nutrition at the state-level, the strength of the impact was not very high. This possibly explains why improvements in nutritional status among children have failed to keep up pace with steady reduction in mass poverty across the states in the last couple of decades. The results also strongly reiterate the magnificent role of child’s healthcare utilization and higher public spending which can help to capitalize on the increase in economic capabilities at the household level, resulting from robust economic growth and alleviation of endemic poverty.

关键词： Absolute Poverty Chronic Under-Nutrition India

Supporting nurse practitioner education:Preceptorship recruitment and retention

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International Journal of Nursing Sciences 2018年第2期5卷 115-120页

作者： Eric Staples Esther Sangster-Gormley independent Nursing Practice consultant AncasterONCanada Faculty of Human and Social Development University of VictoriaVictoriaBCCanada

Objectives:Clinical experience is an essential component of nurse practitioner(NP)education that relies heavily on *** and retention of preceptors is challenging due to many variables that can affect NP education and *** surveyed Canadian NP programs to understand their preceptorship structures,how they support preceptorship,and to identify gaps and challenges to recruitment and retention of ***:An 18-item survey,developed by the NP Education Interest Group,was distributed to 24 universities across 10 Canadian *** validity and reliability was assessed by experienced NPs and NP *** were analyzed using relative frequency statistics and thematic *** consisted of administrative staff and/or faculty designated as responsible for recruitment and retention of NP ***:Seventeen returned surveys were analyzed and demonstrated more similarities than differences across Canada's NP programs,particularly related to barriers affecting recruitment and retention of *** findings identified NP programs have too many students for the number of available clinical sites/preceptors,resulting in overutilization,burnout,or refusal to take *** with other health disciplines for clinical placements was identified as a challenge to *** commented they lack time to recruit,provide follow-up,offer support,or seek preceptors'feedback due to competing work *** identified the need for standardized funding for preceptor remuneration and recognition across the ***:The findings suggest the need for exploring a wider intraprofessional collaboration among graduate NP programs/faculty,clinical placement sites,and NPs to facilitate the recruitment and retention of preceptors.

关键词： nurse Canada retention

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亚特兰大奥运会上话筒的使用(一)

广播与电视技术 1998年第1期25卷 94-97页

作者：丹尼斯.贝克斯达 independent consultant

1 概述1.1 采用的过程举世公认奥运会是体育界最大盛事。同时,对于音响、广播厂家来说奥运会又是世界最大的展台。被奥运会转播所采用,将是设备、器材的耐久性、可靠性等优良综合性能的一次证明。向奥运会提供器材的权利,是由'指定供应... 详细信息

1 概述1.1 采用的过程举世公认奥运会是体育界最大盛事。同时,对于音响、广播厂家来说奥运会又是世界最大的展台。被奥运会转播所采用,将是设备、器材的耐久性、可靠性等优良综合性能的一次证明。向奥运会提供器材的权利,是由'指定供应商'享有的。Audio-technica 公司并未获得此项权利。

关键词：话筒广播设备电视设备