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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第1期16卷 106-130页

作者： Jun Hu Mitsumasa Iwamoto Xiangyu Chen CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and NanosystemsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100083People’s Republic of China School of Nanoscience and Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049People’s Republic of China Department of Physical Electronics Tokyo Institute of Technology2‑12‑1 S3‑33 O‑OkayamaMeguro‑KuTokyo 152‑8552Japan

The triboelectric nanogenerator(TENG)can effectively collect energy based on contact electrification(CE)at diverse interfaces,including solid–solid,liquid–solid,liquid–liquid,gas–solid,and gas–*** enables energy harvesting from sources such as water,wind,and *** this review,we provide an overview of the coexistence of electron and ion transfer in the CE *** elucidate the diverse dominant mechanisms observed at different interfaces and emphasize the interconnectedness and complementary nature of interface *** review also offers a comprehensive summary of the factors influencing charge transfer and the advancements in interfacial modification ***,we highlight the wide range of applications stemming from the distinctive characteristics of charge transfer at various ***,this review elucidates the future opportunities and challenges that interface CE may *** anticipate that this review can offer valuable insights for future research on interface CE and facilitate the continued development and industrialization of TENG.

关键词： Contact electrification Interfaces Triboelectric nanogenerators Diversified applications

Unsteady bio-fluid dynamics in flying and swimming

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2017年第4期33卷 663-684页

作者： Hao Liu Dmitry Kolomenskiy Toshiyuki Nakata Gen Li Graduate School of Engineering Chiba University 1-33Yayoi-cho Inage-ku Chiba Japan Shanghai-Jiao Tong University and Chiba UniversityInternational Cooperative Research Centre (SJTU-CU ICRC) Shanghai 200240 China

Flying and swimming in nature present sophisticated and exciting ventures in biomimetics, which seeks sustainable solutions and solves practical problems by emulating nature＇s time-tested patterns, functions, and strategies. Bio-fluids in insect and bird flight, as well as in fish swimming are highly dynamic and unsteady; however, they have been studied mostly with a focus on the phenomena associated with a body or wings moving in a steady flow. Characterized by unsteady wing flapping and body undulation, fluid-structure interactions, flexible wings and bodies, turbulent environments, and complex maneuver, bio-fluid dynamics normally have challenges associated with low Reynolds number regime and high unsteadiness in modeling and analysis of flow physics. In this article, we review and highlight recent advances in unsteady bio-fluid dynamics in terms of leading-edge vortices, passive mechanisms in flexible wings and hinges, flapping flight in unsteady environments, and micro-structured aerodynamics in flapping flight, as well as undulatory swimming, flapping-fin hydrodynamics, body–fin interac-tion, C-start and maneuvering, swimming in turbulence,collective swimming, and micro-structured hydrodynamics in swimming. We further give a perspective outlook on future challenges and tasks of several key issues of the field.

关键词： swimming wings unsteady turbulence hydrodynamics turbulent body kinematics vortex street

A comprehensive comparison of different regression techniques and nature-inspired optimization algorithms to predict carbonation depth of recycled aggregate concrete

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2024年第1期18卷 30-50页

作者： Bin XI Ning ZHANG Enming LI Jiabin LI Jian ZHOU Pablo SEGARRA Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Politecnico Di MilanoMilano 20133Italy Leibniz Institute of Ecological Urban and Regional Development(IOER) Dresden 01217Germany Universidad Politécnica de Madrid-ETSI Minas y Energía Madrid 28003Spain Department of Civil Engineering KU Leuven CampusBrugge 8200Belgium School of Resources and Safety Engineering Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China

The utilization of recycled aggregates(RA)for concrete production has the potential to offer substantial environmental and economic ***,RA concrete is plagued with considerable durability concerns,particularly *** advance the application of RA concrete,the establishment of a reliable model for predicting the carbonation is *** the one hand,concrete carbonation is a long and slow process and thus consumes a lot of time and energy to *** the other hand,carbonation is influenced by many factors and is hard to *** this,this paper proposes the use of machine learning techniques to establish accurate prediction models for the carbonation depth(CD)of RA *** types of regression techniques and meta-heuristic algorithms were employed to provide more alternative predictive *** was found that the best prediction performance was obtained from extreme gradient boosting-multi-universe optimizer(XGB-MVO)with R^(2) value of 0.9949 and 0.9398 for training and testing sets,***-MVO was used for evaluating physical laws of carbonation and it was found that the developed XGB-MVO model could provide reasonable predictions when new data were *** also showed better generalization capabilities when compared with different models in the ***,this paper emphasizes the need for sustainable solutions in the construction industry to reduce its environmental impact and contribute to sustainable and low-carbon economies.

关键词： recycled aggregate concrete carbonation depth nature-inspired optimization algorithms extreme gradient boosting technique parametric analysis

Effectiveness of antibiotic prophylaxis for acute esophageal variceal bleeding in patients with band ligation: A large observational study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第3期30卷 238-251页

作者： Chikamasa Ichita Sayuri Shimizu Tadahiro Goto Uojima Haruki Naoya Itoh Masao Iwagami Akiko Sasaki Gastroenterology Medicine Center Shonan Kamakura General HospitalKamakura 247-8533KanagawaJapan Department of Health Data Science Yokohama City UniversityYokohama 236-0027KanagawaJapan TXP Research TXP Medical Co.Ltd.Chiyoda-ku 101-0042TokyoJapan Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Health Economics School of Public HealthThe University of TokyoBunkyo-ku 113-0033TokyoJapan Department of Genome Medical Sciences Project Research InstituteNational Center for Global Health and MedicineIchikawa 272-8516ChibaJapan Division of Infectious Diseases Aichi Cancer CenterNagoya 464-8681AichiJapan Department of Health Services Research Institute of MedicineUniversity of TsukubaTsukuba 305-8575IbarakiJapan

BACKGROUND Esophageal variceal bleeding is a severe complication associated with liver cirrhosis and typically necessitates endoscopic *** current standard treatment is endoscopic variceal ligation(EVL),and Western guidelines recom-mend antibiotic prophylaxis following ***,given the impro-vements in prognosis for variceal bleeding due to advancements in the management of bleeding and treatments of liver cirrhosis and the global concerns regarding the emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria,there is a need to reassess the use of routine antibiotic prophylaxis after *** To evaluate the effectiveness of antibiotic prophylaxis in patients treated for *** We conducted a 13-year observational study using the Tokushukai medical database across 46 *** were divided into the prophylaxis group(received antibiotics on admission or the next day)and the non-prophylaxis group(did not receive antibiotics within one day of admission).The primary outcome was composed of 6-wk mortality,4-wk rebleeding,and 4-wk spontaneous bacterial peritonitis(SBP).The secondary outcomes were each individual result and in-hospital mortality.A logistic regression with inverse probability of treatment weighting was used.A subgroup analysis was conducted based on the Child-Pugh classification to determine its influence on the primary outcome measures,while sensitivity analyses for antibiotic type and duration were also *** Among 980 patients,790 were included(prophylaxis:232,non-prophylaxis:558).Most patients were males under the age of 65 years with a median Child-Pugh score of *** composite primary outcomes occurred in 11.2%of patients in the prophylaxis group and 9.5%in the non-prophylaxis *** significant differences in outcomes were observed between the groups(adjusted odds ratio,1.11;95%confidence interval,0.61-1.99;P=0.74).Individual outcomes such as 6-wk mortality,4-wk rebleeding,4-wk onset of SBP,and in-hospital mo

关键词： Esophageal varices Endoscopic hemostasis Antibiotic prophylaxis Liver cirrhosis Inverse probability of treatment weighting

JR East aims for driverless Shinkansen operation

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High-Speed Railway 2024年第3期2卷 197-201页

作者： Yasuaki Suzuki Mobility Service Department Railway Business HeadquartersEast Japan Railway CompanyShibuya-kuTokyo 151-8578Japan

East Japan Railway Company(JR East)is aiming to“realize driverless train operation”as one of the key measures to respond to rapid changes in the business ***,Automatic Train Operation(ATO)equipment is not installed on the Shinkansen,but there are plans to introduce ATO or driverless operation in the near *** 2018-2021,the Ministry of Land,Infrastructure,Transport and Tourism(MLIT)held the“ATO Technology Study Group for Railways”in which the concept of technical requirements necessary for driverless operation was *** 2021,JR East conducted the GOA4 demonstration test on the Joetsu *** this test,we were able to confirm the basic functions of Shinkansen vehicles such as automatic departure control,speed control,fixed position stop control,and remote stop control using *** aim to realize unattended operation(GOA4)for deadhead trains between Niigata Station and the Niigata Shinkansen Rolling Stock Center by the end of the 2020 s,and driverless operation(GOA3)for passenger trains of the Joetsu Shinkansen by the mid-2030s and continue to develop the necessary technologies and build systems.

关键词： High-speed railway Shinkansen ATO Automatic train operation GOA3 Driverless operation

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不同钢渣细度矿粉地聚合物流变性及预测模型

建筑材料学报 2024年

作者：俞莉张树祥朱涛杨秋宁张东生宁夏大学土木与水利工程学院 Department of Civil Engineering， ku Leuven， Campus Bruges

为探究钢渣在不同细度下对钢渣-矿粉基地聚合物（SSG）流变性能影响，通过流动度、流变仪、水膜层厚度（water film thickness，WFT）试验研究不同细度钢渣流变性的变化规律，并基于流动度和WFT与流变参数的相关性，利用BP神经网络建立... 详细信息

为探究钢渣在不同细度下对钢渣-矿粉基地聚合物（SSG）流变性能影响，通过流动度、流变仪、水膜层厚度（water film thickness，WFT）试验研究不同细度钢渣流变性的变化规律，并基于流动度和WFT与流变参数的相关性，利用BP神经网络建立流变参数预测模型.结果表明，随着钢渣细度的提高，新拌地聚合物砂浆的流动性得到改善，并缩短其凝结时间和降低其WFT.钢渣细度的变化并未改变流体类型，流变特征符合Bingham模型，表观黏度随着剪切速率增大逐渐降低，屈服应力、塑性黏度、触变性随着钢渣细度增加持续降低，流变参数随着静置时间增加不断增大且增长率也呈逐渐增大趋势.同时，流动度与屈服应力成正相关，WFT与屈服应力、流动度存在着较好线性关系.建立的BP神经网络流变参数预测模型，预测结果吻合度良好、精度高.

关键词：钢渣微粉地聚合物砂浆流变性 BP神经网络经时流变

Fundamentals in CO2 capture of Na2CO3 under a moist condition

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2017年第5期26卷 972-983页

作者： Hongchao Luo Hirofumi Kanoh Graduate School of Science Chiba University1-33 Yayoi-ChoInage-KuChibaJapan

Capacity and kinetics of COcapture of NaCOwere studied to determine the mechanism for COsequestration under ambient conditions. Bicarbonate formation of NaCOwas examined by a thermogravimetric analysis（TGA） under various COand water vapor concentrations and the accompanying structural changes of NaCOwere demonstrated by X-ray diffraction（XRD）. Morphological variations were observed during the reaction of COcapture through scanning electron microscope（SEM）. Structural changes and morphological variations, which occurred during the course of the reaction, were then connected to the kinetic and exothermic properties of the COcapture process from the XRD and SEM measurements. The results showed that the bicarbonate formation of NaCOhas two different *** higher COand HO concentrations, the bicarbonate formation proceeded effectively. However, for lower COand HO concentrations, the reactions were more complicated. The formation of NaCO·HO from NaCOas the first step, followed by the subsequent formation of NaH（CO）, and then the bicarbonate formation proceeds. To understand such fundamental properties in COcapture of NaCOis very important for utilization of NaCOas a sorbent for COcapture.

关键词： CO2 capture Sodium carbonate Moist condition Bicarbonate formation

Assessing efficacy of standard impregnation techniques on die-cast aluminum alloys using X-ray micro-CT

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China Foundry 2024年第3期21卷 276-286页

作者： Ajith Bandara Koichi Kan Katanaga Yusuke Natsuto Soga Akifumi Koike Toru Aoki Hamamatsu TSC Chuo Hatsumei Institute322 lida-choMinami-kuHamamatsu435-0028Japan Graduate School of Medical Photonics ShizuokaUniversityJohoku 3-5-1HamamatsuShizuoka432-8561Japan ANSeeN Inc Johoku 3-5-1HamamatsuShizuoka432-8561Japan Research Institute of Electronics ShizuokaUniversityJohoku 3-5-1HamamatsuShizuoka432-8561Japan

Utilizing lightweight Al alloys in various industrial applications requires achieving precise pressure tightness and leak *** pressure impregnation(VPI)with thermosetting polymers is commonly used to address leakage defects in die-cast Al *** this study,the efficacy of the VPI technique in sealing alloy parts was investigated using a combination of nondestructive micro X-ray computed tomography(micro XCT)and a standard leak *** results demonstrate that the commonly used water leak test is insufficient for determining the sealing ***,micro XCT shows distinct advantages by enabling more comprehensive *** reveals the presence of a low atomic number impregnates sealant within casting defects,which has low grey contrast and allows for visualizing primary leakage paths in *** effective atomic number of impregnated resin is 6.75 and that of Al alloy is 13.69 by dual-energy X-ray *** research findings will contribute to enhancing the standard VPI process parameters and the properties of impregnating sealants to improve quality assurance for impregnation in industrial metals.

关键词： nondestructive testing Al alloy die-casting vacuum pressure impregnation micro X-ray computed tomography duel-energy X-ray CT

Improving photochemical indicators for attributing ozone sensitivities in source apportionment analysis

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第9期143卷 235-246页

作者： Xiaohui Du Wei Tang Zhongzhi Zhang Yang Yu Yang Li Ling Huang Greg Yarwood Fan Meng Atmospheric Environment Institute Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China College of Water Sciences Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100857China Asia Center for Air Pollution Research United Nations Environment Programme Asia and the Pacific OfficeNishi-kuNiigata-shi 9502144Japan School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China Ramboll NovatoCalifornia 94945USA

Comprehensive Air Quality Model with extensions(CAMx)-Decoupled Direct Method(DDM)simulations of first-order ozone(O_(3))sensitivity to nitrogen oxides(NO_(x))and volatile organic compounds(VOCs)emissions were performed and combined with modelled P_(H_(2)O_(2))/P_(HNO_(3))ratios to obtain a range of thresholds for determining O_(3)-sensitivity regimes for different areas of *** the new threshold ranges for photochemical indicators,the method for determining O_(3)formation in the Ozone Source Apportionment Technology(OSAT)module within CAMx was improved by a dynamically varied threshold of P_(H_(2)O_(2))/P_(HNO_(3))*** O_(3)concentration contributions in the newly added transition regime were apportioned to NO_(x)and VOCs emissions in proportion to the relationship between the P_(H_(2)O_(2))/P_(HNO_(3))ratio and first-order O_(3)*** source contributions of O_(3)concentrations from different emission sectors from June to September 2019 were compared using the original and improved *** results showed that the O_(3)concentration contributions changed significantly in the NO_(x)-limited regime,with a maximum decrease of 21.89%,while the contributions increased by up to 7.57%in the VOC-limited regime,and were within 15μg/m^(3)in the transition *** modified OSAT module enabled a more sophisticated attribution of O_(3)to precursor emissions and may have far-reaching implications for informing O_(3)pollution control policy.

关键词： O_(3) modeling O_(3)-sensitivity regimes Ozone source apportionment technology Photochemical indicators

Amorphous BaTiO_(3) Electron Transport Layer for Thermal Equilibrium-Governed γ-CsPbl_(3) Perovskite Solar Cell with High Power Conversion Efficiency of 19.96%

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第3期7卷 291-302页

作者： Changhyun Lee Chanyong Lee Kyungjin Chae Taemin Kim Seaeun Park Yohan Ko Yongseok Jun Department of Energy Environment Policy and Technology Graduate School of Energy and Environment(KU-KIST Green School)Korea UniversitySeoul 02841Republic of Korea Nano Electronic Materials and Components Research Center Gumi Electronics and Information Technology Research Institute(GERI)Gumi 39171Republic of Korea Energy Materials Research Center Clean Energy Research DivisionKorea Institute of Science and Technology(KIST)Seoul 02792Republic of Korea

Compared to organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites,the cesium-based allinorganic lead halide perovskite(CsPbI_(3))is a promising light absorber for perovskite solar cells owing to its higher resistance to thermal ***,additional research is required to reduce the nonradiative recombination to realize the full potential of CsPbI_(3).Here,the diffusion of Cs ions participating in ion exchange is proposed to be an important factor responsible for the bulk defects inγ-CsPbI_(3)*** based on first-principles density functional theory reveal that the[PbI_(6)]^(4-)octahedral tilt modifies the perovskite crystallographic properties inγ-CsPbI_(3),leading to alterations in its bandgap and crystal *** addition,by substituting amorphous barium titanium oxide(a-BaTiO_(3))for TiO_(2)as the electron transport layer,interfacial defects caused by imperfect energy levels between the electron transport layer and perovskite are ***-resolution transmission electron microscopy and electron energy loss spectroscopy demonstrate that a-BaTiO_(3)forms entirely as a single phase,as opposed to Ba-doped TiO_(2)hybrid nanoclusters or separate domains of TiO_(2)and BaTiO_(3)***,inorganic perovskite solar cells based on the a-BaTiO_(3)electron transport layer achieved a power conversion efficiency of 19.96%.

关键词： amorphous BaTiO_(3) electron transport layer moisture γ-CsPbI_(3)