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Blood-brain barrier pathology in cerebral small vessel disease

Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第6期19卷 1233-1240页

作者： Ruxue Jia Gemma Solé-Guardia Amanda J.Kiliaan Department of Medical imaging Anatomy Radboud University Medical Center Donders Institute for Brain Cognition & Behavior Center for Medical Neuroscience Preclinical Imaging Center PRIME Radboud Alzheimer Center

Cerebral small vessel disease is a neurological disease that affects the brain microvasculature and which is commonly observed among the elderly. Although at first it was considered innocuous, small vessel disease is nowadays regarded as one of the major vascular causes of dementia. Radiological signs of small vessel disease include small subcortical infarcts, white matter magnetic resonance imaging hyperintensities, lacunes, enlarged perivascular spaces, cerebral microbleeds, and brain atrophy; however, great heterogeneity in clinical symptoms is observed in small vessel disease patients. The pathophysiology of these lesions has been linked to multiple processes, such as hypoperfusion, defective cerebrovascular reactivity, and blood-brain barrier dysfunction. Notably, studies on small vessel disease suggest that blood-brain barrier dysfunction is among the earliest mechanisms in small vessel disease and might contribute to the development of the hallmarks of small vessel disease. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to provide a new foundation in the study of small vessel disease pathology. First, we discuss the main structural domains and functions of the blood-brain barrier. Secondly, we review the most recent evidence on blood-brain barrier dysfunction linked to small vessel disease. Finally, we conclude with a discussion on future perspectives and propose potential treatment targets and interventions.

关键词： blood-brain barrier dysfunction cerebral blood flow cerebral hypoperfusion endothelial dysfunction hypertension inflammation magnetic resonance imaging neurovascular unit oxidative stress small vessel disease tight junctions transcytosis

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The Epidemiological, Clinical and Radiological (Echography, Mammography) Characteristics of Breast Pathologies at the Diagnostic Imaging Center (C.I.D) “Teriya” in Bamako

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Open Journal of Medical imaging 2023年第1期13卷 30-39页

作者： Ilias Guindo Souleymane Sanogo Mamadou N’diaye Mody Abdoulaye Camara Adama Dao Youssouf Goita Amadou Sow Mohamed Malinke Salia Coulibaly Mahamadou Diallo Medical imaging Department CHU Pr BSS of Kati Kati Mali Medical imaging Department CHU Gabriel Touré Bamako Mali Medical imaging Department Luxembourg Mother-Child Hospital Bamako Mali imaging Service Bamako Infirmary Central Directorate of Armed Forces Health Services (DCSSA) Bamako Mali Medical imaging Department Mali Hospital Bamako Mali TERIYA Diagnostic Imaging Center Bamako Mali

Breast pathology is varied, bringing together tumor and non-tumor lesions. Objective: To study the contribution of the ultrasound-mammography pair in the diagnosis of breast pathologies. Materials and Method: This was a retrospective descriptive study, carried out over a period of 3 years (from January 2018 to December 2020) at the Diagnostic Imaging Center (C.I.D) “TERIYA” in BAMAKO. It concerned all patients who came for a mammogram/ultrasound examination of the breast. All women admitted for mammogram or breast ultrasound who were diagnosed with a breast injury during the study period were included. Incomplete records and radiological checks were not included. The variables analyzed were age, sex, clinical data, and ultrasound and mammography aspects. The devices used are: a Voluson 730 PRO ultrasound machine and a G 600T type mammography machine. Results: At the end of our study, we collected 254 breast pathologies on a number of 382 women, i.e. a frequency of 66.49%. The average age of our patients was 41 years old. The dominant clinical data were mastodynia (41.88%) and mammary nodule (21.70%). On imaging (mammo-ultrasound) the lesions predominated on the left in 36% of cases, bilateral in 28% of cases and in the upper-outer quadrants in 31.5% of cases. Tumor pathologies represented 66.54% of which 45.27% were benign mainly composed of fibro-adenoma (20.88%) and cyst (18.50%), 11.8% of suspected cases and 9.45% of cancers. Non-tumor pathologies represented 33.46%, mainly mastitis (16.14%), galactophoric dilations (11.02%) and abscesses (5.51%). These pathologies were classified in 50.3% in ACR2, 17.75% in ACR3 and 4, and in 14.20% in ACR5. Lymphadenopathy was present in 73.21% of cases.

关键词： Breast Pathologies Ultrasound-Mammography Pair Diagnostic Imaging Center Bamako

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A general phase retrieval algorithm based on a ptychographical iterative engine for coherent diffractive imaging

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Chinese Physics B 2013年第1期22卷 243-248页

作者：傅健李鹏 Research center of Digital Radiation imaging and Biomedical imaging Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics

Coherent diffractive imaging (CDI) is a lensless imaging technique and can achieve a resolution beyond the Rayleigh or Abbe limit. The ptychographical iterative engine (PIE) is a CDI phase retrieval algorithm that uses multiple diffraction patterns obtained through the scan of a localized illumination on the specimen, which has been demonstrated successfully at optical and X-ray wavelengths. In this paper, a general PIE algorithm (gPIE) is presented and demonstrated with an He-Ne laser light diffraction dataset. This algorithm not only permits the removal of the accurate model of the illumination function in PIE, but also provides improved convergence speed and retrieval quality.

关键词：相位恢复算法衍射成像相干迭代 He-Ne激光引擎 PIE 成像技术

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Deep learning in cortical surface-based neuroimage analysis:a systematic review

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Intelligent Medicine 2023年第1期3卷 46-58页

作者： Fenqiang Zhao Zhengwang Wu Gang Li Department of Radiology and Biomedical Research Imaging Center University of North Carolina at Chapel HillNC 27599United States

Deep learning approaches,especially convolutional neural networks(CNNs),have become the method of choice in the field of medical image analysis over the last few years.This prevalence is attributed to their excellent abilities to learn features in a more effective and efficient manner,not only for 2D/3D images in the Euclidean space,but also for meshes and graphs in non-Euclidean space such as cortical surfaces in neuroimaging analysis field.The brain cerebral cortex is a highly convoluted and thin sheet of gray matter(GM)that is thus typically represented by triangular surface meshes with an intrinsic spherical topology for each hemisphere.Accordingly,novel tailored deep learning methods have been developed for cortical surface-based analysis of neuroimaging data.This paper reviewsed the representative deep learning techniques relevant to cortical surface-based analysis and summarizes recent major contributions to the field.Specifically,we surveyed the use of deep learning techniques for cortical surface reconstruction,registration,parcellation,prediction,and other applications.We concluded by discussing the open challenges,limitations,and potentials of these techniques,and suggested directions for future research.

关键词： Deep learning Cortical surface-based analysis Neuroimage analysis Reconstruction Registration Parcellation

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Toward High Performance Ambipolar Transport from Super-exchange Perspective:Theoretical Insights for IID-based Copolymers

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2022年第4期40卷 355-364页

作者： Wei-Na Zhang Xiao-Qian Wu Guo Wang Yu-Ai Duan Hua Geng Yi Liao Department of Chemistry Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Imaging Theory and TechnologyCapital Normal UniversityBeijing 100048China

High-performance ambipolar charge transport materials can reduce the manufacturing cost of OFET and OPV devices,and simplify circuit design and device structure.In order to obtain ambipolar donor-acceptor(D-A)polymer,many efforts have been made through different donor and acceptor combination,halogenation or heteroatom substitution.However,the influencing factor for charge transport polarity is still much complicated.Based on intra-chain super-exchange mechanism for D-A polymer,we found that the energy alignment of donor and acceptor moiety has large impact on charge transport polarity.When the HOMO-LUMO(H-L)gap of the acceptor moiety is narrow,its HOMO/LUMO energy level both lie between the HOMO and LUMO of the donor moiety(sandwich-type energy alignment),and the corresponding D-A copolymers will be more likely ambipolar transport.And thus,take a narrow H-L gap thiazoleisoindigo(TzIID)acceptor as an example,we demonstrated that a series of TzIID based copolymers combined with wide H-L gap donor moieties can reveal ambipolar transport.We further predict several high performance ambipolar D-A copolymers(TzIID-TT etc.)with balanced electron and hole transport,whose effective mass(m_(e)^(*)=0.146 and m_(h)^(*)=0.128)is one of the smallest effective masses among ambipolar materials.

关键词： D-A copolymer Ambipolar Super-exchange mechanism Charge transport

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Single-cell analyses of circulating tumor cells

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2015年第3期12卷 184-192页

作者： Xi-Xi Chen Fan Bai Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center School of Life Science Peking University

Circulating tumor cells(CTCs) are a population of tumor cells mediating metastasis, which results in most of the cancer related deaths. The number of CTCs in the peripheral blood of patients is rare, and many platforms have been launched for detection and enrichment of CTCs. Enumeration of CTCs has already been used as a prognosis marker predicting the survival rate of cancer patients. Yet CTCs should be more potential. Studies on CTCs at single cell level may help revealing the underlying mechanism of tumorigenesis and metastasis. Though far from developed, this area of study holds much promise in providing new clinical application and deep understanding towards metastasis and cancer development.

关键词：肿瘤细胞单细胞分析循环癌症患者 CTCs 肿瘤发生细胞水平临床应用

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Ambroxol,the cough expectorant with neuroprotective effects

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第11期19卷 2345-2346页

作者： Kristin Patzwaldt Salvador Castaneda-Vega Werner Siemens Imaging Center Department of Preclinical Imaging and RadiopharmacyEberhard Karls University TuebingenTuebingenGermany Department of Nuclear Medicine and Clinical Molecular imaging University Clinic TuebingenTuebingenGermany

Ambroxol hydrochloride(2-amino-3,5-dibromo-N-methylbenzylamine hydrochloride)has been used as a mucolytic agent in the treatment of respiratory diseases since the late 1970s.Its effects on mucus membranes such as mucus disruption,increased mucus production,and low toxicity profile were addressed in its original German patent in 1966.These first described properties have kept Ambroxol available worldwide and over the counter in the pharmaceutical market to this day.

关键词： protective agent German

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Orthotopic induction of CH157MN convexity and skull base meningiomas into nude mice using stereotactic surgery and MRI characterization

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Animal Models and Experimental Medicine 2019年第1期2卷 58-63页

作者： Francesca La Cava Alberto Fringuello Mingo Pietro Irrera Aldo Di Vito Alessia Cordaro Chiara Brioschi Sonia Colombo Serra Claudia Cabella Enzo Terreno Luigi Miragoli Department of Molecular Biotechnologies and Health Sciences Center of Excellence for Preclinical Imaging (CEIP) University of Torino Bracco Research Centre Bracco Imaging SpA Department of Molecular Biotechnologies and Health Sciences Center of Excellence for Preclinical Imaging CEIP University of Torino

Meningioma in vivo research is hampered by the difficulty of establishing an easy and reproducible orthotopic model able to mimic the characteristics of a human meningioma. Moreover, leptomeningeal dissemination and high mortality are often associated with such orthotopical models, making them useless for clinical translation studies. An optimized method for inducing meningiomas in nude mice at two different sites is described in this paper and the high reproducibility and low mortality of the models are demonstrated. Skull base meningiomas were induced in the auditory meatus and convexity meningiomas were induced on the brain surface of 23 and 24 nude mice, respectively. Both models led to the development of a mass easily observable by imaging methods. Dynamic contrast enhanced MRI was used as a tool to monitor and characterize the pathology onset and progression. At the end of the study, histology was performed to confirm the neoplastic origin of the diseased mass.

关键词： animal models neuroscience pharmaceutical development preclinical imaging solid tumors

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Cortical Representation of Pain and Touch:Evidence from Combined Functional Neuroimaging and Electrophysiology in Non-human Primates

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2018年第1期34卷 165-177页

作者： Li Min Chen Departments of Radiology and Radiological Sciences and Psychology Institute of Imaging Science Vanderbilt University Medical Center

Human functional MRI studies in acute and various chronic pain conditions have revolutionized how we view pain, and have led to a new theory that complex multi-dimensional pain experience(sensory-discriminative,affective/motivational, and cognitive) is represented by concurrent activity in widely-distributed brain regions(termed a network or pain matrix). Despite these breakthrough discoveries, the specific functions proposed for these regions remain elusive, because detailed electrophysiological characterizations of these regions in the primate brain are lacking. To fill in this knowledge gap, we have studied the cortical areas around the central and lateral sulci of the non-human primate brain with combined submillimeter resolution functional imaging(optical imaging and fMRI) and intracranial electrophysiological recording. In this mini-review, I summarize and present data showing that the cortical circuitry engaged in nociceptive processing is much more complex than previously recognized. Electrophysiological evidence supports the engagement of a distinct nociceptive-processing network within SI(i.e., areas 3 a, 3 b, 1 and 2), SII, and other areas along the lateral sulcus. Deafferentation caused by spinal cord injury profoundly alters the relationships between fMRI and electrophysiological signals. This finding has significant implications for using fMRI to study chronic pain conditions involving deafferentation in humans.

关键词：疼痛外皮人类证据 fMRI 触觉光成像 SII

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Fatigue sensation following peripheral viral infection is triggered by neuroinflammation: who will answer these questions?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2015年第2期10卷 203-204页

作者： Masanori Yamato Yosky Kataoka Cellular Function imaging Team RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies

Fatigue is best defined as difficulty in initiating or sustaining voluntary activities,and is thought to be accompanied by deterioration of performance.Fatigue can be caused by many factors such as physical and mental stress,disturbance in the circadian rhythm,and various diseases.For example,following the flu or other types of infections,everyone has experienced a sense of fatigue that can last for days or weeks.

关键词：病毒感染疲劳外设引发精神压力昼夜节律动物模型身体

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