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Droop control method for load share and voltage regulation in high-voltage microgrids

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2016年第1期4卷 76-86页

作者： Zhikang SHUAI Shanglin MO Jun WANG Z.John SHEN Wei TIAN Yan FENG National Power Transformation and Control Engineering Technology Research Center Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082China Electrical and Computer Engineering Illinois Institute of TechnologyChicagoIL 60616USA

When the line impedance is considered in the microgrid, the accuracy of load sharing will decrease. In this paper, the impact of line impedance on the accuracy of load sharing is analyzed. A robust droop control for a highvoltage microgrid is proposed based on the signal detection on the high-voltage side of the coupling transformer. For a high-voltage microgrid, the equivalent impedance of coupling transformer connecting distributed generator with the grid is usually the dominate factor. Compared with the conventional droop control strategy, the proposed control method in this paper detects the feedback signal from the high-voltage side of the coupling transformer. The impact of line impedance on the load sharing accuracy can be mitigated significantly. The proposed droop control only changes the detection point of the feedback signal, thus it is easy to be implemented. The PSCAD/EMTDC simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed robust droop control concept in load sharing and voltage regulation with highly accuracy.

关键词： Microgrid High-voltage Coupling transformer Droop control Accreted load sharing Voltage regulation

Metabolic reprogramming by Syntenin-1 directs RA FLS and endothelial cell-mediated inflammation and angiogenesis

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2024年第1期21卷 33-46页

作者： Anja Meyer Stephanie R.Zack Wes Nijim Adel Burgos Vishwa Patel Brian Zanotti Michael V.Volin M.Asif Amin Myles J.Lewis Costantino Pitzalis Shiva Arami Joseph A.Karam Nadera J.Sweiss Shiva Shahrara Jesse Brown VA Medical Center ChicagoILUSA Department of Medicine Division of RheumatologyThe University of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoILUSA Department of Microbiology and Immunology Midwestern UniversityDowners GroveILUSA Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Autoimmunity Center of Excellence University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA Centre for Experimental Medicine and Rheumatology William Harvey Research InstituteBarts and The London School of Medicine and DentistryQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUnited Kingdom Centre for Experimental Medicine&Rheumatology William Harvey Research InstituteQueen Mary University of London and Barts NIHR BRC&NHS TrustLondonUK Department of Biomedical Sciences Humanitas Universityand Humanitas Research HospitalMilanItaly Department of Orthopedic Surgery the University of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoILUSA

A novel rheumatoid arthritis(RA)synovial fluid protein,Syntenin-1,and its receptor,Syndecan-1(SDC-1),are colocalized on RA synovial tissue endothelial cells and fibroblast-like synoviocytes(FLS).Syntenin-1 exacerbates the inflammatory landscape of endothelial cells and RA FLS by upregulating transcription of IRF1/5/7/9,IL-1β,IL-6,and CCL2 through SDC-1 ligation and HIF1α,or mTOR ***,Syntenin-1 orchestrates RA FLS and endothelial cell invasion via SDC-1 and/or mTOR *** Syntenin-1 reprogrammed endothelial cells,the dynamic expression of metabolic intermediates coincides with escalated glycolysis along with unchanged oxidative factors,AMPK,PGC-1α,citrate,and inactive oxidative ***,RA FLS rewired by Syntenin-1 displayed a modest glycolytic-ATP accompanied by a robust mitochondrial-ATP *** enriched mitochondrial-ATP detected in Syntenin-1 reprogrammed RA FLS was coupled with mitochondrial fusion and fission recapitulated by escalated Mitofusin-2 and DRP1 *** found that VEGFR1/2 and Notch1 networks are responsible for the crosstalk between Syntenin-1 rewired endothelial cells and RA FLS,which are also represented in RA *** to RA explants,morphological and transcriptome studies authenticated the importance of VEGFR1/2,Notch1,RAPTOR,and HIF1αpathways in Syntenin-1 arthritic mice and their obstruction in SDC-1 deficient ***,dysregulation of SDC-1,mTOR,and HIF1αnegated Syntenin-1 inflammatory phenotype in RA explants,while inhibition of HIF1αimpaired synovial angiogenic imprint amplified by *** conclusion,since the current therapies are ineffective on Syntenin-1 and SDC-1 expression in RA synovial tissue and blood,targeting this pathway and its interconnected metabolic intermediates may provide a novel therapeutic strategy.

关键词： Syntenin-1 Syndecan-1 RA FLS RA explants immunometabolism

Multi-disciplinary Pathways to Computing:A Scalable and Col aborative Approach to Capitalize on the Demand for Computer Science Education

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计算机教育 2024年第3期 10-12页

作者： Nancy M.Amato Department of Computer Science University of illinois at Urbana-Champaign 201 N.Goodwin Ave. UrbanaIL 61801

The number of students demanding computer science(CS)education is rapidly rising,and while faculty sizes are also growing,the traditional pipeline consisting of a CS major,a CS master’s,and then a move to industry or a *** is simply not *** address this problem,the Department of Computing at the University of illinois has introduced a multidisciplinary approach to computing,which is a scalable and collaborative approach to capitalize on the tremendous demand for computer science *** key component of the approach is the blended major,also referred to as“CS+X”,where CS denotes computer science and X denotes a non-computing *** CS+X blended degrees enable win-win partnerships among multiple subject areas,distributing the educational responsibilities while growing the entire *** meet the demand from non-CS majors,another pathway that is offered is a graduate certificate program in addition to the traditional minor *** accommodate the large number of students,scalable teaching tools,such as automatic graders,have also been developed.

关键词： Multi-disciplinary Pathways A Scalable and Collaborative Approach Computer Science Education CS+X

Emergency evacuation system for mines

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Journal of Coal Science & Engineering(China) 2011年第3期17卷 281-284页

作者： QIAN Qing-yi BUDIMAN Jeff SHEN Jay Department of Civil Architecture ＆ Environmental Engineering Illinois Institute of Technology Chicago 1L60616 USA

There are many potential hazards in the underground mining these include fire, explosion, inundation, roof collapse, toxic gases, chemical pollution, etc. Over past centuries, in US alone, more than 100 000 miners lost their life in different accidents. The primary safety methods used in underground mines concentrate on the monitoring of the hazardous gases, fire detection and ventilation. Using advanced instruments and monitoring techniques have significantly reduced the accidents in the modem mines. However despite the advancement of these monitoring facilities, accidents still occur in underground mining annually in the world, and many miners were killed because they were trapped and unable to escape due to blocked of exit access. Described a new development for the emergency evacuation system in underground mines and analyzed the advantages and disadvantages of the system. It is expected that the new system will greatly improve the emergency exit methods and save more lives in the future.

关键词： evacuation system mine shaft elevators shaft lining

Algorithms for Multicriteria Scheduling Problems to Minimize Maximum Late Work, Tardy, and Early

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Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics 2024年第2期12卷 661-682页

作者： Karrar Alshaikhli Aws Alshaikhli Department of Engineering and Mathematics St. Philip’s College San Antonio USA Department of Biology Northeastern Illinois University Chicago USA

This study examines the multicriteria scheduling problem on a single machine to minimize three criteria: the maximum cost function, denoted by maximum late work (Vmax), maximum tardy job, denoted by (Tmax), and maximum earliness (Emax). We propose several algorithms based on types of objectives function to be optimized when dealing with simultaneous minimization problems with and without weight and hierarchical minimization problems. The proposed Algorithm (3) is to find the set of efficient solutions for 1//F (Vmax, Tmax, Emax) and 1//(Vmax + Tmax + Emax). The Local Search Heuristic Methods (Descent Method (DM), Simulated Annealing (SA), Genetic Algorithm (GA), and the Tree Type Heuristics Method (TTHM) are applied to solve all suggested problems. Finally, the experimental results of Algorithm (3) are compared with the results of the Branch and Bound (BAB) method for optimal and Pareto optimal solutions for smaller instance sizes and compared to the Local Search Heuristic Methods for large instance sizes. These results ensure the efficiency of Algorithm (3) in a reasonable time.

关键词： Scheduling Single Machine Hierarchical Simultaneous Minimization Algorithms Branch and Bound Local Search Heuristic Methods

Composition design of high-entropy alloys with deep sets learning

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npj Computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 834-844页

作者： Jie Zhang Chen Cai George Kim Yusu Wang Wei Chen Department of Mechanical Materialsand Aerospace EngineeringIllinois Institute of TechnologyChicagoIL60616USA Halıcıoğlu Data Science Institute University of California San DiegoLa JollaCA92093USA

High entropy alloys(HEAs)are an important material class in the development of next-generation structural materials,but the astronomically large composition space cannot be efficiently explored by experiments or first-principles *** learning(ML)methods might address this challenge,but ML of HEAs has been hindered by the scarcity of HEA property *** this work,the EMTO-CPA method was used to generate a large HEA dataset(spanning a composition space of 14 elements)containing 7086 cubic HEA structures with structural properties,1911 of which have the complete elastic tensor *** elastic property dataset was used to train a ML model with the Deep Sets *** Deep Sets model has better predictive performance and generalizability compared to other ML *** rule mining was applied to the model predictions to describe the compositional dependence of HEA elastic properties and to demonstrate the potential for data-driven alloy design.

关键词： alloys alloy entropy

The Volga River Is Russia’s Lifeline and in Need of Maintenance, Mitigation and Restoration

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Open Journal of Soil Science 2024年第3期14卷 159-179页

作者： Kenneth Ray Olson Sergey Stanislavovich Chernyanskii Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences College of Agricultural Consumer and Environmental Sciences University of Illinois Urbana USA EnviSoilCons Pr. Belgrade Serbia

The Volga River flows entirely through Russia and the watershed includes three of the country’s ten largest cities. The river is the longest in Europe and western Russia’s principal waterway. The Volga River basin is home to approximately half of Russia’s population and occupies almost two-fifth of European Russia. It covers much of the Volga region and stretches 3530 kilometers from its source in the Valdai Hills to the Caspian Sea, the world’s largest inland water body. Its economic, cultural, and historic importance makes it one of the world’s greatest rivers. The Volga basin makes up 8 percent of the Russian territory. Stalingrad, located on the banks of the Volga River, has been described as the site of the greatest de-feat in the history of the German Army. It is often identified as the turning point on the Eastern Front of WWII, in the war against Germany, and in the entire WWII. The meeting point of the Eurasian Civilization was historically the Volga River. The river has some of the world’s largest reservoirs and is a major source of livelihood for millions of people. Many factories and cities empty their waste including sewage, industrial waste, fertilizers, and pesticides into the Volga River. Pollutants tend to settle in the reservoirs and contain several meters of heavily contaminated muck. The primary objectives are to assess lessons learned, manage, and restore the Volga River system lifeline in Russia.

关键词： Volga River Caspian Sea Soviet Union Russia Germany WWII Stalin-grad Volgograd

Geophysical Surveys over Karst Recharge Features,illinois,USA

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2001年第3期75卷 249-253页

作者： Philip J.CARPENTER Shawkat AHMED Department of Geology and Environmental Geosciences 312 Davis Hall Northern Illinois University DeKalb Illinois USADepartment of Geology and Environmental Geosciences 312 Davis Hall Northern Illinois University DeKalb Illinois USA

Karst aquifers supply a significant fraction of the world's drinking water. These types of aquifers are alsohighly susceptible to pollution from the surface with recharge usually occurring through fractures and solution openings at the bedrock surface. Thickness of the protective soil cover, macropores and openings within the soil cover, and the nature of the weathered bedrock surface all influence infiltration. Recharge openings at the bedrock surface, however, are often covered by unconsolidated sediments, resulting in the inadvertent placement of landfills, unregulated dump sites, tailing piles, waste lagoons and septic systems over recharge zones. In these settings surface geophysical surveys, calibrated by a few soil cores, could be employed to identify these recharge openings, and qualitatively assess the protection afforded by the soil cover. In a test of this hypothesis, geophysical measurements accurately predicted the thickness of unconsolidated deposits overlying karstic dolomite at a site about 100 km south of Chicago, illinois. Zones of elevated electrical conductivity and high ground-penetrating radar (GPR) attenuation within the sediments coincided with subcropping solutionally-enlarged hydraulically active bedrock fractures. These fractures extend to over 12-m depth, as shown by 2-D inverted resistivity sections and soil coring. Anomalous electromagnetic (EM) conductivity and GPR response may be due to higher soil moisture above these enlarged fractures. An epikarstal conduit at 2.5-m depth was directly identified through a GPR survey. These results suggest that surface geophysical surveys are a viable tool for assessing the susceptibility of shallow karst aquifers to contamination.

关键词： karst geophysics epikarst soil pipes recharge infiltration sinkholes

Karun and Shatt Al-Arab River System: Historic and Modern Attempts to Manage Iran’s Lifeline

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Open Journal of Soil Science 2024年第7期14卷 416-447页

The Islamic Republic of Iran’s principal rivers are the Karun and Shatt al-Arab. The Karun River has a 950 km length. The Karun River starting point is the convergence of the Amand, Kuhrang, and Bazoft rivers. From their headwater sources in the mountains of eastern Iran, these rivers descend through valleys and gorges and flow into the plains of Iran. The Shatt al-Arab River drains an area of 879,790 square kilometers which includes land in Iran, Syria, Türkiye, Kuwait, and Iraq. The Karun joins Shatt al-Arab 110 km downriver from the confluence of the Euphrates and Tigris Rivers and flows 85 km into the Persian Gulf. The Karun river flows in a southwestern direction through the central plain and provides about 10 per cent of the water balance of Iran’s largest wetland, the Shadegan, which includes permanent marshes, lakes, and riparian habitats. The article summarizes a vast array of publications on the stated topic and this civilizationally important region in order to draw additional attention to its interdependent environmental, economic and political problems the successful resolution of which is only possible with the participation of the entire research community.

关键词： Shatt Al-Arab River Iraq Karun River Baghdad Sinjar Marshes Soil Tunnels