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m^(6)A Profile Dynamics Indicates Regulation of Oyster Development by m^(6)A-RNA Epitranscriptomes

Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2023年第4期21卷 742-755页

作者： Lorane Le Franc Bruno Petton Pascal Favrel Guillaume Rivière Laboratoire de Biologie des Organismes et des Ecosyste`mes Aquatiques(BOREA) Muséum d’Histoire NaturelleSorbonne UniversitéUniversitéde Caen NormandieUniversitédes AntillesCNRS UMR 8067IRD14032 CaenFrance ifremer Laboratoire des Sciences de l’Environnement MarinUMR 6539 CNRS/UBO/IRD/IfremerCentre Bretagne29280 PlouzanéFrance

The N6-methylation of RNA adenosines(N6-methyladenosine,m^(6)A)is an important regulator of gene expression with critical implications in vertebrate and insect development.However,the developmental significance of epitranscriptomes in lophotrochozoan organisms remains unknown.Using methylated RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing(MeRIP-seq),we generated transcriptome-wide m^(6)A-RNA methylomes covering the entire development of the oyster from oocytes to juveniles.Oyster RNA classes display specific m^(6)A signatures,with messenger RNAs(mRNAs)and long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs)exhibiting distinct profiles and being highly methylated compared to transposable element(TE)transcripts.Epitranscriptomes are dynamic and correspond to the chronological steps of development(cleavage,gastrulation,organogenesis,and metamorphosis),with minimal mRNA and lncRNA methylation at the morula stage followed by a global increase.mRNA m^(6)A levels are correlated with transcript levels,and shifts in methylation profiles correspond to expression kinetics.Differentially methylated transcripts cluster according to embryo-larval stages and bear the corresponding developmental functions(cell division,signal transduction,morphogenesis,and cell differentiation).The m^(6)A level of TE transcripts is also regulated and peaks during the gastrulation.We demonstrate that m^(6)A-RNA methylomes are dynamic and associated with gene expression regulation during oyster development.The putative epitranscriptome implication in the cleavage,maternal-to-zygotic transition,and cell differentiation in a lophotrochozoan model brings new insights into the control and evolution of developmental processes.

关键词： RNA methylation Transcription Embryo Metamorphosis Evo-devo

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Emerging and Innovative Materials for Hydropower Engineering Applications:Turbines,Bearings,Sealing,Dams and Waterways,and Ocean Power

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Engineering 2022年第1期8卷 148-158页

作者： Emanuele Quaranta Peter Davies European Commission Joint Research Centre Ispra 21027Italy Marine Structures Laboratory IFREMER Centre BretagnePlouzané29280France

The hydropower sector is currently experiencing several technological developments.New technologies and practices are emerging to make hydropower more flexible and more sustainable.Novel materials have also been recently developed to increase performance,durability,and reliability;however,no systematic discussions can be found in the literature.Therefore,in this paper,novel materials for hydropower applications are presented,and their performance,advantages,and limitations are discussed.For example,composites can reduce the weight of steel equipment by 50%to 80%,polymers and superhydrophobic materials can reduce head losses by 4%to 20%,and novel bearing materials can reduce bearing wear by 6%.These improvements determine higher efficiencies,longer life span,waste reduction,and maintenance needs,although the initial cost of some materials is not yet competitive with respect to the costs of traditional materials.The novel materials are described here based on the following categories:novel materials for turbines,dams and waterways,bearings,seals,and ocean hydropower.

关键词： Bearing Composite Dam Hydropower Material Ocean Seal Turbine

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Millennial-scale paleoceanography in Okinawa Trough during Late Quaternary period

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1999年第18期44卷 1705-1709页

作者： F. Guichard G. Floch Centre des Faibles Radioactivites FranceFrench Oceanographic Institute IFREMER France

Based on the analyses of foraminifer and accelerator mass spectrometer radiocarbon dating in DGKS9603 core from mid-Okinawa Trough close to bottom, oscillation curve, which expressed the relation between the surface water temperature and the depth, has been obtained by using foraminifer analysis and calculation of FP-12E transfer function. The whole core indicated seven cold phases and eight warm phases. Obvious expression of low

关键词： Okinawa Though Late Quaternary period paleoceanograph Heinrich Event.

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Verification and recalibration of HY-2A microwave radiometer brightness temperature

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2019年第3期37卷 968-981页

作者： ZHAO Yili LI Huimin CHEN Chuntao ZHU Jianhua National Ocean Technology Centre Tianjin 300112China Laboratoire d’Oceanographie Physique et Spatiale IfremerPlouzané 29280France

HY-2A is the first one of the Chinese HY-2 ocean satellite series carrying a microwave radiometer(RM)to measure sea surface temperature,sea surface wind speed,atmospheric water vapor,cloud liquid water content,and rain rate.We verified the RM level 1B brightness temperature(T B)to retrieve environmental parameters.In the verification,TB that simulated using the ocean-atmosphere radiative transfer model(RTM)was used as a reference.The total bias and total standard deviation(SD)of the RM level 1B TB,with reference to the RTM simulation,ranged-20.6-4.38 K and 0.7-2.93 K,respectively.We found that both the total bias and the total SD depend on the frequency and polarization,although the values for ascending and descending passes are different.In addition,substantial seasonal variation of the bias was found at all channels.The verification results indicate the RM has some problems regarding calibration,e.g.,correction of antenna spillover and antenna physical emission,especially for the 18.7-GHz channel.Based on error analyses,a statistical recalibration algorithm was designed and recalibration was performed for the RM level 1B TB.Validation of the recalibrated TB indicated that the quality of the recalibrated RM level 1B TB was improved significantly.The bias of the recalibrated T B at all channels was reduced to<0.4 K,seasonal variation was almost eradicated,and SD was diminished(i.e.,the SD of the 18.7-GHz channel was reduced by more than 0.5K).

关键词： HY-2A microwave radiometer brightness temperature(TB) verification calibration

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Effect of stocking density on performances of juvenile turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) in recirculating aquaculture systems

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Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2013年第3期31卷 514-522页

作者：李贤刘鹰 Jean-Paul BLANCHETON Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of Sciences Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences ifremer UMR Ecosym USTL

Limited information has been available about the influence of loading density on the performances of Scophthalmus maximus, especially in recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS). In this study, turbot (13.84±2.74g; average weight±SD) were reared at four different initial densities (low 0.66, medium 1.26, sub-high 2.56, high 4.00 kg/m2 ) for 10 weeks in RAS at 23±1℃. Final densities were 4.67, 7.25, 14.16, and 17.47 kg/m2 , respectively, which translate to 82, 108, 214, and 282 percent coverage of the tank bottom. Density had both negative and independent impacts on growth. The final mean weight, specific growth rate (SGR), and voluntary feed intake significantly decreased and the coefficient of variation (CV) of final body weight increased with increase in stocking density. The medium and sub-high density groups did not differ significantly in SGR, mean weight, CV, food conversion rate (FCR), feed intake, blood parameters, and digestive enzymes. The protease activities of the digestive tract at pH 7, 8.5, 9, and 10 were significantly higher for the highest density group, but tended to be lower (not significantly) at pH 4 and 8.5 for the lowest density group. The intensity of protease activity was inversely related to feed intake at the different densities. Catalase activity was higher (but not significantly) at the highest density, perhaps because high density started to induce an oxidative effect in turbot. In conclusion, turbot can be cultured in RAS at a density of less than 17.47 kg/m2 . With good water quality and no feed limitation, initial density between 1.26 and 2.56 kg/m2 (final: 7.25 and 14.16 kg/m2 ) would not negatively affect the turbot cultured in RAS. For culture at higher density, multi-level feeding devices are suggested to ease feeding competition.

关键词：循环水产养殖系统放养密度大菱鲆表演饲料转化率蛋白酶活性循环水养殖系统自由采食量

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Dedicated population genomics for the silent world： the specific questions of marine population genetics

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Current Zoology 2016年第6期62卷 545-550页

作者： Nicolas BIERNE Francois BONHOMME Sophie ARNAUD-HAOND Universite de Montpellier Montpellier France UMR 5554 UM - CNRS - IRD - EPHE Station Marine OREME Sete France CNRS - Institut des Sciences de I'Evolution Montpellier UMR 5554 UM - CNRS - IRD - EPHE Station Marine OREME Sete France ifremer - MARine Biodiversity Exploitation and Conservation UMR 9190 IRD - IFREMER - UM - CNRS Sete France

The life cycle of most marine species is characterized by high fecundity, dispersal during a planktonic larval phase and a sessile or sedentary adult phase with large census population size (Figure 1). Many articles on marine population genetics start by recalling these main characteristics and ensuing expectations,namely: high genetic diversity within population, low genetic differentiation between populations, high influx of effectively selected advantageous and deleterious mutations, and a high migration load opposing local adaptation. Most of the time,this reminder serves to better emphasize the paradox that observations deviate from these expectations, the most popular being genetic differentiation despite larval dispersal, challenging the idea that marine populations are open and well connected, just followed by pervasive local adaptation, challenging the idea that high migration rates prevent the establishment of locally adapted alleles in the sea, and finally low effective population size (Ne) despite large census size (N). The list of such counterexamples became so long that what was initially thought paradoxical finally became a shift to a new paradigm (Hauser and Carvalho 2008): (1) larval dispersal would be less effective than expected to homogenize allele frequencies between populations with high rates of self-recruitment, as, for example, in coral reef fishes (Palumbi and Warner 2003; Jones et al. 2005), (2) selection would be rampant in genomes and easy to identify with genome scans, as,for example, adaptation to brackish waters of the Baltic Sea that would target nothing less than ?500 loci homogeneously distributed in the herring genome (Lamichhaney et al. 2012; Martinez Barrio et al. 2016), and (3) genetic drift would be stronger than thought owing to a very low proportion of individuals effectively contributing to the following generation, as,for example, in exploited fish and shellfish stocks (Hauser et al. 2002; Ovenden et al. 2007; Pinsky and Palumbi 2014). However, we should not elude too h

关键词：种群遗传学基因组学海洋人群世界

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Once upon a time biomass burning in the western Alps: Nesting effects of climate and local drivers on long-term subalpine fires

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Forest Ecosystems 2022年第2期9卷 257-266页

作者： Christopher Carcaillet Benjamin Boulley Frederique Carcaillet Univ Lyon Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1CNRSENTPE(UMR LEHNA)F-69622VilleurbanneFrance Paris Sciences&Lettres University(PSL) Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes(EPHE)F-75014ParisFrance NaturCom Chair Universite de MontpellierF-34000MontpellierFrance MARBEC(Universite de Montpellier CNRSIfremerIRD)F-34000MontpellierFrance

Background:The present article questions the relative importance of local-and large-scale processes on the long-term dynamics of fire in the subalpine belt in the western Alps.The study is based on soil charcoal dating and identification,several study sites in contrasting environmental conditions,and sampling of soil charcoal along the elevation gradient of each site.Based on local differences in biomass combustion,we hypothesize that local-scale or landscape-scale processes have driven the fire history,while combustion homogeneity supports the hypothesis of the importance of large-scale or macro-ecological processes,especially climate.Results:Biomass burning during the Holocene resulted from the nesting effects of climate,land use,and altitude,but was little influenced by slope exposure(north versus south),soil(dryness,pH,depth),and vegetation.The mid-Holocene(6500–2700 cal BP)was an important period for climate-driven biomass burning in the subalpine ecosystems of the western Alps,while fires over the last 2500 years appear much more episodic,prompting us to speculate that human activity has played a vital role in their occurrence.Conclusion:Our working hypothesis that the strength of local drivers should offset the effects of regional climate is not validated.The homogeneity of the fire regime between sites thus underscores that climate was the main driver during the Holocene of the western Alps.Long-term subalpine fires are controlled by climate at the millennial scale.Local conditions matter for little in determining variability at the century scale.The mid-Holocene was a chief period for climatic biomass burning in the subalpine zone,while fires during the late Holocene appear much more episodic,suggesting that social drivers has exercised key function on their control.

关键词： Biomass burning Subalpine forest Climate Landscape Pedoanthracology Radiocarbon dating Pyrogenic carbon

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Effect of wind stress forcing on ocean dynamics at air-sea interface

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Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2018年第8期19卷 1056-1062页

作者： Hussein YAHIA Veronique GARCON Joel SUDRE Christophe MAES Research Center INRIA Bordeaux-South West Talence 33405France CNRS LEGOS LaboratoryToulouse 31400France Brest University CNRSIRDIFREMERLOPSIUEMBrest 29238France

We evidence and study the differences in turbulence statistics in ocean dynamics carried by wind forcing at the air-sea interface. Surface currents at the air-sea interaction are of crucial importance because they transport heat from low to high latitudes. At first order, oceanic currents are generated by the balance of the Coriolis and pressure gradient forces(geostrophic current) and the balance of the Coriolis and the frictional forces dominated by wind stress(Ekman current) in the surface ocean layers. The study was conducted by computing statistical moments on the shapes of spectra computed within the framework of microcanonical multi-fractal formalism. Remotely sensed daily datasets derived from one year of altimetry and wind data were used in this study, allowing for the computation of two kinds of vector fields: geostrophy with and geostrophy without wind stress forcing. We explore the statistical properties of singularity spectra computed from velocity norms and vorticity data, notably in relation with kurtosis information to underline the differences in the turbulent regimes associated with both kinds of velocity fields.

关键词： Ocean dynamics Remote sensing Turbulence Signal processing Multi-fractal formalism

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Tidal　bedforms　in　eastern　part　of　the　Bohai　Sea

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 1998年第2期17卷 209-231页

作者： Liu Z. Berne S. Wang K. Marsset T. Xia D. Tang Y. Bourillet J.F. First Institute of Oceanography State Oceanic Administration Qingdao 266003 China ifremer Centre de Brest BP 70 29280 Plouzane France

ＴｉｄａｌｂｅｄｆｏｒｍｓｉｎｅａｓｔｅｒｎｐａｒｔｏｆｔｈｅＢｏｈａｉＳｅａＬｉｕＺｈｅｎｘｉａ，Ｓ．Ｂｅｒｎｅ，ＷａｎｇＫｕｉｙａｎｇ，Ｔ．Ｍａｒｓｓｅｔ，ＸｉａＤｏｎｇｘｉｎｇ，ＴａｎｇＹｕｘｉａｎｇ，Ｊ．Ｆ．... 详细信息

ＴｉｄａｌｂｅｄｆｏｒｍｓｉｎｅａｓｔｅｒｎｐａｒｔｏｆｔｈｅＢｏｈａｉＳｅａＬｉｕＺｈｅｎｘｉａ，Ｓ．Ｂｅｒｎｅ，ＷａｎｇＫｕｉｙａｎｇ，Ｔ．Ｍａｒｓｓｅｔ，ＸｉａＤｏｎｇｘｉｎｇ，ＴａｎｇＹｕｘｉａｎｇ，Ｊ．Ｆ．Ｂｏｕｒｉｌｌｅｔ（Ｒｅｃｅｉｖｅ...

关键词： part the Bohai

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Quaternary transgressive and regressive depositional sequences in the East China Sea

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2003年第B6期48卷 81-87页

作者： LIUZhenxia YINPing XIONGYingqian S.Beme A.Trentesaux LIChaoxin KeyLaboratoryofMarineSedimentologyandEnvironmentalGeology FirstInstituteofOceanographyStateOceanicAdministrationQingdan266061China DRO/GM IFREMERPlouzane29280France UniversitedeLille1-SNS France

Based on the interpretation more than 4000 km sparker single channel seismic profiles and the comparison with Borehole DZQ4 on the outer shelf of the East China Sea (ECS),the seismic sequences,sedimentary facies and paleo-sedimentary environment are studied to establish the chronology framework and discuss the Quaternary transgressive and regressive sequences of the ECS shelf as well as their response to glacio-eustatic sea-level changes.The sea level of the ECS fluctuated with global climate changes in the Quaternary.During the sea level rise,the pacific tidal wave impacted actively on the ECS continental shelf and the reciprocating tidal currents in NW-SE direction formed tidal sand ridges,which represent large transgressive deposits visible on the seismic profiles.In response to sea level fall,the Yangtze River deltas prograded seaward and built massive subaqueous deltas to form regressive sequences on the seismic profiles.Alternative transgression and regression sequences were vertically distributed on the ECS shelf with the frequent eustacy in the Quaternary.The gentle slope of the ECS shelf makes it possible for the coastline to migrate hundreds of kilometers forth and back on the shelf because of tens of meters sea level changes,in the meanwhile,the Yangtze River discharged large amounts of sediments into the ECS resulting in large-scale subaqueous deltas and tidal sand ridges.There have developed 3 stages of tidal sand ridges and 4 stages of deltas on the ECS shelf since oxygen isotope stage 8.

关键词：沉淀层序地震带剖面中国东海海洋沉积学全球气候变化大陆架

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