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Surface-derived phosphate layer on NiFe-layered double hydroxide realizes stable seawater oxidation at the current density of 1 A·cm^(−2)

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Nano Research 2024年第7期17卷 5786-5794页

作者： Chaoxin Yang Zhengwei Cai Jie Liang Kai Dong Zixiao Li Hang Sun Shengjun Sun Dongdong Zheng Hui Zhang Yongsong Luo Yongchao Yao Yan Wang Yuchun Ren Qian Liu Luming Li Wei Chu Xuping Sun Bo Tang College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials ScienceShandong Normal UniversityJinan 250014China institute of fundamental and Frontier sciences University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 610054China Department of science and Environmental studies Faculty of Liberal Arts and Social Sciencethe Education University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China institute for Advanced Study Chengdu UniversityChengdu 610106China Laoshan Laboratory Qingdao 266237China

Seawater electrolysis,especially in coastlines,is widely considered as a sustainable way of making clean and high-purity H2 from renewable energy;however,the practical viability is challenged severely by the limited anode durability resulting from side reactions of chlorine ***,we report an effective Cl^(−) blocking barrier of NiFe-layer double hydroxide(NiFe-LDH)to harmful chlorine chemistry during alkaline seawater oxidation(ASO),a pre-formed surface-derived NiFe-phosphate(Pi)***,the PO_(4)^(3−)-enriched outer-layer is capable of physically and electrostatically inhibiting Cl−adsorption,which protects active Ni^(3+)sites during *** NiFe-LDH with the NiFe-Pi outer-layer(NiFe-LDH@NiFe-Pi)exhibits higher current densities(j)and lower overpotentials to afford 1 A·cm^(−2)(η1000 of 370 mV versusη1000 of 420 mV)than the NiFe-LDH in 1 M KOH+***,the NiFe-LDH@NiFe-Pi also demonstrates longer-term electrochemical durability than NiFe-LDH,attaining 100-h duration at the j of 1 A·cm^(−2).Additionally,the importance of surface-derived PO_(4)^(3−)-enriched outer-layer in protecting the active centers,γ-NiOOH,is explained by ex situ characterizations and in situ electrochemical spectroscopic studies.

关键词： seawater oxidation phosphate outer-layer layered double hydroxide electrostatic repulsion in situ Raman

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Cryptanalysis of DBST, a lightweight block cipher

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Frontiers of Computer science 2024年第4期18卷 219-221页

作者： Sadegh SADEGHI Nasour BAGHERI Department of Mathematics Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences(IASBS)Zanjan 45137-66731Iran Research Center for Basic sciences and Modern Technologies(RBST) Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences(IASBS)Zanjan 45137-66731Iran Electrical Engineering Department Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training UniversityTehran 16788-15811Iran School of Computer science(SCS) Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences(IPM)Tehran 19395-5531Iran

1 Introduction Conventional cryptographic primitives are not suitable for resource-constrained ***,numerous lightweight primitives have been proposed over the past decade,specifically tailored for such ***,such ciphers would not be used in a real-world application unless they were thoroughly tested for security against existing *** this direction,DBST[1]cipher has been recently proposed by Yan et *** balance security,cost,and efficiency,DBST has implemented a novel 4-branch generalized Feistel variant *** this structure,a 2-branch XOR operation has been incorporated in the middle section,establishing interconnections between all *** the other hand,by leveraging the bit-slice technique and subkeys,the algorithm introduces an innovative approach to constructing a dynamic S-box *** designers of DBST cipher have extensively investigated its resistance to known attacks such as linear and differential cryptanalysis,as well as impossible differential cryptanalysis,among *** them,the objective of differential cryptanalysis[2]is to identify high-probability characteristics in the plaintext that are transmitted to the ciphertext,known as distinguishers.

关键词： structure. primitive branch

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Versatile strategies for adult neurogenesis:avenues to repair the injured brain

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第4期19卷 774-780页

作者： Junyi Zhao Siyu Liu Xianyuan Xiang Xinzhou Zhu The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease institute(BCBDI) Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences Faculty of Life and Health sciences Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen-Hong Kong institute of Brain science-Shenzhen fundamental Research Institutions

Brain injuries due to trauma or stroke are major causes of adult death and ***,few interventions are effective for post-injury repair of brain *** a long debate on whether endogenous neurogenesis actually happens in the adult human brain,there is now substantial evidence to support its *** neurogenesis is usually significantly stimulated by injury,the reparative potential of endogenous differentiation from neural stem/progenitor cells is usually ***,exogenous stem cell transplantation has shown promising results in animal models,but limitations such as poor long-term survival and inefficient neuronal differentiation make it still challenging for clinical ***,a high focus was placed on glia-to-neuron conversion under single-factor *** some inspiring results,the validity of this strategy is still *** this review,we summarize historical findings and recent advances on neurogenesis strategies for neurorepair after brain *** also discuss their advantages and drawbacks,as to provide a comprehensive account of their potentials for further studies.

关键词： adult neurogenesis glia-to-neuron conversion ischemic stroke neurogenic niche neuroinflammation stem cell transplantation traumatic brain injury

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PD-1^(+)and TIM-3^(+)T cells widely express commonγ-chain cytokine receptors in multiple myeloma patients,and IL-2,IL-7,IL-15 stimulation up-regulates PD-1 and TIM-3 on T cells

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Oncology Research 2024年第10期32卷 1575-1587页

作者： EGOR V.BATOROV ALISA D.INESHINA TATIANA A.ARISTOVA VERA V.DENISOVA SVETLANA A.SIZIKOVA DARIA S.BATOROVA GALINA Y.USHAKOVA EKATERINA Y.SHEVELA ELENA R.CHERNYKH Laboratory of Cellular Immunotherapy Research Institute of Fundamental and Clinical ImmunologyNovosibirsk630099Russia V.Zelman institute of Medicine and Psychology Novosibirsk National Research State UniversityNovosibirsk630090Russia Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Research Institute of Fundamental and Clinical ImmunologyNovosibirsk630099Russia

Background:Immune checkpoint ligand-receptor interactions appear to be associated with multiple myeloma(MM)***,previous studies showed the possibility of PD-1 and TIM-3 expression on T cells upon stimulation with commonγ-chain family cytokines in vitro and during homeostatic *** aim of the present work was to study the impact of homeostatic proliferation on the expansion of certain T cell subsets upregulating PD-1 and TIM-3 checkpoint ***:The expression of CD25,CD122,CD127 commonγ-chain cytokine receptors,phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription-5(pSTAT5)and eomesodermin(EOMES)was comparatively assessed with flow cytometry in PD-1-and TIM-3-negative and positive T cells before the conditioning and during the first post-transplant month in peripheral blood samples of MM ***:Substantial proportions of PD-1-and TIM-3-positive T lymphocytes expressed commonγ-chain cytokine receptors and *** of cytokine receptor expressing cells were significantly higher within TIM-3+T cells compared to PD-1+TIM-3−*** proportions of both PD-1-/TIM-3-negative and positive CD8+T cells express EOMES,while only moderate frequencies of CD4+PD-1+/TIM-3+T cells up-regulate this transcription ***,the surface presence of CD25 and intranuclear expression of EOMES in CD4+T cells were mutually exclusive regardless of PD-1 and TIM-3 *** stimulation with commonγ-chain cytokines up-regulates PD-1 and TIM-3 during the proliferation of initially PD-1/TIM-3-negative T cells but fails to expand initially PD-1+and TIM-3+T cell subsets in ***:Both PD-1 and TIM-3 expressing T cells appear to be able to respond to homeostatic cytokine *** in commonγ-chain cytokine receptor expression between PD-1+and TIM-3+T cells may reflect functional dissimilarity of these cell *** blockade appears to alleviate lymphopenia-induced prolif

关键词： Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(AHSCT) CD25 CD122 Eomesodermin(EOMES) Homeostatic proliferation

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Lithium polysulfide solvation and speciation in the aprotic lithium-sulfur batteries

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Particuology 2024年第6期89卷 238-245页

作者： Jinhao Zhang Qingshan Fu Peng Li Ruibo Linghu Xiaozhong Fan Haibin Lin Juncao Bian Songbai Han Gengzhi Sun Long Kong Frontiers science Center for Flexible Electronics and Xi’an institute of Flexible Electronics Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an710129China China Automotive Innovation Corporation Nanjing211100China Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary studies Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen518055China institute of Advanced Materials Nanjing Tech UniversityNanjing211816China

Fingerprinting sulfur speciation in aprotic electrolytes is a key to understand fundamental chemistry and design well-performing lithium–sulfur(Li–S)*** polysulfide(LiPS)dissolution and deposition in ether-based electrolytes during redox reactions have been probed and established by spectroscopy and ***,detailed LiPS structure and solvation properties influenced by conventional and newly developed electrolytes remain elusive,which exert fundamental challenges and practical difficulties in decoupling battery performance from electrolyte *** perspective aims to provide timely information to uncover underlying mechanisms that rein in sulfur speciation by considering the charge density of LiPSs and the coordination strength of solvents/*** discussion starts with unlocking the baseline electrolyte formulation to investigate its role in LiPS formation and *** that,the term coordination strength is used instead of donor number and dielectric constant to describe interactions between solvents and LiPSs and to reveal LiPS structure *** work is expected to encourage the discovery of new electrolyte working mechanisms to develop energy-dense and power-intensive Li–S batteries.

关键词： Sulfur speciation Redox kinetics Coordination strength Solvation chemistry Lithium-sulfur batteries

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Effect of iridium loading on HZSM-5 for isomerization of n-heptane

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Journal of Natural Gas Chemistry 2011年第5期20卷 477-482页

作者： Herma Dina Setiabudi Sugeng Triwahyono Aishah Abdul Jalil Nur Hidayatul Nazirah Kamarudin Muhammad Arif Ab Aziz Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Chemical Engineering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia ibnu sina institute for fundamental science studies Faculty of science Universiti Teknologi Malaysia

The effect of iridium loading on the properties and catalytic isomerization of n-heptane over Ir-HZSM-5 is studied. Ir-HZSM-5 was prepared by impregnation method and subjected to isomerization process in the presence of flowing hydrogen gas. XRD and BET studies show that the presence of iridium stabilizes the crystalline structure of HZSM-5, leading to more ordered framework structure and larger surface area. TGA and FTIR results substantiate that iridium species interacts with OH group on the surface of HZSM-5. Pyridine FT-IR study verifies the interaction between iridium and surface OH group slightly increased the Bro¨nsted and Lewis acid sites without changing the lattice structure of HZSM-5. The presence of iridium and the increase of strong Lewis acid sites on HZSM-5 were found to bring an increase about 4.1%, 33.2% and 11.8% in conversion, selectivity and yield of n-heptane isomerization, respectively.

关键词： Ir-HZSM-5 n-heptane isomerization Lewis acid sites protonic acid sites

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Cholesky GAS models for large time-varying covariance matrices

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Journal of Management science and Engineering 2024年第1期9卷 115-142页

作者： Tingguo Zheng Shiqi Ye Department of Statistics and Data science School of EconomicsXiamen UniversityXiamen361005China Wang Yanan institute for studies in Economics Xiamen UniversityXiamen361005China Paula and Gregory Chow institute for studies in Economics Xiamen UniversityXiamen361005China

This paper develops a new class of multivariate models for large-dimensional time-varying covariance matrices,called Cholesky generalized autoregressive score(GAS)models,which are based on the Cholesky decomposition of the covariance matrix and assume that the parameters are ***,two types of score-driven updates are considered:one is closer to the GARCH family,and the other is inspired by the stochastic volatility *** demonstrate that the models can be estimated equation-wise and are computationally feasible for high-dimensional ***,we design an equationwise dynamic model averaging or selection algorithm which simultaneously extracts model and parameter uncertainties,equipped with dynamically estimated model *** simulation results illustrate the superiority of the proposed ***,using a sizeable daily return dataset that includes 124 sectors in the Chinese stock market,two empirical studies with a small sample and a full sample are conducted to verify the advantages of our *** full sample analysis by a dynamic correlation network documents significant structural changes in the Chinese stock market before and after COVID-19.

关键词： Cholesky decomposition GAS Dynamic conditional correlations Dynamic model averaging

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The Effect of Sulfate Ion on the Isomerization of n-Butane to iso-Butane

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Journal of Natural Gas Chemistry 2006年第4期15卷 247-252页

作者： Sugeng Triwahyono Zalizawati Abdullah Aishah Abdul Jalil ibnu Sina Institute for Fundamental Science Studies Faculty of Chemical and Natural Resources Engineering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia 81310 SkudaiJohorMalaysia

The effect of sulfate ion （SO4^2-） loading on the properties of Pt/SO4^2-ZrO2 and on the catalytic isomerization of n-butane to/so-butane was studied. The catalyst was prepared by impregnation of Zr（OH）4 with H2SO4 and platinum solution followed by calcination at 600 ℃. Ammonia TPD and FT-IR were used to confirm the distribution of acid sites and the structure of the sulfate species. Nitrogen physisorption and X-ray diffraction were used to confirm the physical structures of Pt/SO4^2-ZrO2. XRD pattern showed that the presence of sulfate ion stabilized the metastable tetragonal phase of zirconia and hindered the transition of amorphous phase to monoclinic phase of zirconia. Ammonia TPD profiles indicated the distributions of weak and medium acid sites observed on 0.1 N and 1.0 N sulfate in the loaded catalysts. The addition of 2.0 N and 4.0 N sulfate ion generated strong acid site and decreased the weak and medium acid sites. However, the XRD results and the specific surface area of the catalysts indicated that the excessive amount of sulfate ion collapsed the structure of the catalyst. The catalysts showed high activity and stability for isomerization of n-butane to iso-butane at 200 ℃ under hydrogen atmosphere. The conversion of n-butane to iso-butane per specific surface area of the catalyst increased with the increasing amount of sulfate ion owing to the existence of the bidentate sulfate and/or polynucleic sulfate species （（ZrO）2SO2）, which acts as an active site for the isomerization.

关键词： sulfate ion strong acid site isomerization n-butane Zr Pt

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Steering the energy sharing of electrons in nonsequential double ionization with orthogonally polarized two-color field

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第8期33卷 248-252页

作者：樊光琦杨志杰孙烽豪郑金梅韩云天黄明谦刘情操 College of science Harbin Institute of TechnologyWeihai 264209China School of Information science and Engineering Harbin Institute of TechnologyWeihai 264209China Harbin institute of Technology Weihai 264209China

Using the semiclassical ensemble model,the dependence of relative amplitude for the recollision dynamics in nonsequential double ionization(NSDI)of neon atom driven by the orthogonally polarized two-color field(OTC)laser field is theoretically *** the dynamics in two typical collision pathways,recollision-impact-ionization(RII)and recollisionexcitation with subsequent ionization(RESI),is systematically *** results reveal that the V-shaped structure in the correlated momentum distribution is mainly caused by the RII mechanism when the relative amplitude of the OTC laser field is zero,and the first ionized electrons will quickly skim through the nucleus and share few energy with the second *** the relative amplitude increases,the V-shaped structure gradually disappears and electrons are concentrated on the diagonal in the electron correlation spectrum,indicating that the energy sharing after electrons collision is symmetric for OTC laser fields with large relative *** studies show that changing the relative amplitude of the OTC laser field can efficiently control the electron–electron collisions and energy exchange efficiency in the NSDI process.

关键词： nonsequential double ionization correlated electron–electron momentum distribution energy sharing of electrons orthogonally polarized two-color field laser field semiclassical ensemble models

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Beyond network centrality: individual-level behavioral traits for predicting information superspreaders in social media

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National science Review 2024年第07期 148-157页

作者： Fang Zhou Linyuan Lü Jianguo Liu Manuel Sebastian Mariani institute of fundamental and Frontier sciences University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Yangtze Delta Region institute(Huzhou) University of Electronic Science and Technology of China School of Cyber science and Technology University of Science and Technology of China Department of Digital Economics Shanghai University of Finance and Economics URPP Social Networks Universit?t Zürich

Understanding the heterogeneous role of individuals in large-scale information spreading is essential to manage online behavior as well as its potential offline consequences. To this end, most existing studies from diverse research domains focus on the disproportionate role played by highly connected ‘hub’ ***, we demonstrate here that information superspreaders in online social media are best understood and predicted by simultaneously considering two individual-level behavioral traits: influence and susceptibility. Specifically, we derive a nonlinear network-based algorithm to quantify individuals' influence and susceptibility from multiple spreading event data. By applying the algorithm to large-scale data from Twitter and Weibo, we demonstrate that individuals' estimated influence and susceptibility scores enable predictions of future superspreaders above and beyond network centrality, and reveal new insights into the network positions of the superspreaders.

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