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Multiple 2D approaches to human sexual dimorphism of the distal end of femur

Zoological Systematics 2017年第1期42卷 108-122页

作者： Sitha Piyaselakul Bumpenporn Sanannam Jean-Pierre Dujardin Department of Anatomy Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital Mahidol University Bangkoknoi Bangkok 10700 Thailand ird UMR IRD-CIRAD INTERTRYP Campus international de Baillarguet Montpellier France

Various studies on the difference of distal femoral condyles between genders have been reported recently in order to provide anatomic information for knee prosthesis design and surgical planning in total knee arthroplasty. They also had the objective to be used as a sex recognition character, as may be needed in forensic medicine. Except for a recent 3D approach on the distal femur, most of the studies used dimensional information or aspect ratio but not shape. Our 2D study aimed to determine the size and shape variation of femoral condyles in Thais, considering age, sex and sides. One hundred and twenty-four cadaveric femurs （male 84 legs and female 40 legs） were dissected. The specimens were photographed by digital camera and images were analyzed using three geometric techniques：（i） the landmark-based method （5 landmarks）, （ii） with or without addition of 23 sliding semilandmark and （iii） the outline-based methods. From the resulting geometric coordinates, size and shape were extracted for comparisons between genders and sides. Between sides, directional asymmetry could be detected only for shape variation, and only when introducing curves in the analyses （either through the semilandmarks technique or through the outline-based one）. Non-directional asymmetry, probably fluctuating asymmetry, was detected for size, as well as for shape, in both genders. Sex discrimination was performed for each geometric technique using two classification methods： the Mahalanobis distance classification and the Maximum likelihood classification. The latter provided much more satisfactory gender validated reclassification （87%） than shape （72%）.

关键词： Distal femur landmarks outlines Mahalanobis Maximum likelihood.

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Comprehensive,Continuous,and Vertical Measurements of Seawater Constituents with Triple-Field-of-View High-Spectral-Resolution Lidar

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Research 2024年第2期2023卷 191-201页

作者： Kai Zhang Yatong Chen Hongkai Zhao Zhongping Lee Emmanuel Boss Iwona Stachlewska Davide Dionisi Cedric Jamet Paolo D.Girolamo Aleksey Malinka Chengchong Jiang Hongda Wu Lingyun Wu Feitong Chen Xiaolei Zhu Nanchao Wang Chuxiao Chen Qun Liu Lan Wu Yudi Zhou Weibiao Chen Dong Liu Ningbo Research Institute State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical InstrumentationCollege of Optical Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological lnnovation Center Zhejang UniversityHangzhou 311200China Donghai Laboratory.Zhoushan 316021 China State Key Lab of Marine Environmental Science College of Ocean and Earth SciencesXiamen UniversityXiamen 361102China School of Marine Sciences University of MaineOronoME 04469-5741USA Faculty of Physics University of WarsawWarsaw 02093Poland institute of Marine Sciences Italian National Research CouncilRome 00133Italy Universitédu Littoral Cote d'Opale CNRSUniv.LilleIRDUMR 8187-LOG-Laboratoire d'Oceanologie et de GéosciencesWimereux F-6293 Francen Institute Scuola di Ingegneria Universita della BasilicataPotenza 85100Italy Institute of Physics National Academy of Sciences of BelarusMinsk 220072Belarus Key Laboratory of Space Laser Communication and Detection Technology Shanghai lnstitute of Optics and Fine MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China Inteligent Optics&Photonics Research Center Jiaxing Research Institute Zhejiang UniversityJiaxing 314000China Jiaxing Key Laboratory of Photonic Sensing&Intelligent Imaging Jiaxing 314000China

Measuring the characteristics of seawater constituent is in great demand for studies of marine ecosystems and ***,existing techniques based on remote sensing or in situ samplings present various tradeoffs with regard to the diversity,synchronism,temporal-spatial resolution,and depth-resolved capacity of their data ***,we demonstrate a novel oceanic triple-field-of-view(FOV)high-spectral-resolution lidar(HSRL)with an iterative retrieval *** technique provides,for the first time,comprehensive,continuous,and vertical measurements of seawater absorption coefficient,scattering coefficient,and slope of particle size distribution,which are validated by simulations and field ***,it depicts valuable application potentials in the accuracy improvement of seawater classification and the continuous estimation of depth-resolved particulate organic carbon *** triple-FOV HSRL with high performance could greatly increase the knowledge of seawater constituents and promote the understanding of marine ecosystems and biogeochemistry.

关键词： lidar Vertical seawater

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Assimilation of carbonate country rock by the parent magma of the Panzhihua Fe-Ti-V deposit(SW China):Evidence from stable isotopes

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Geoscience Frontiers 2013年第5期4卷 547-554页

作者： Clement Ganino Chris Harris Nicholas T.Arndt Stephen A.Prevec Geoffrey H.Howarth Geoazur Universite de Nice-Sophia AntipolisCNRS/IRD250 rue Albert Einstein 06560 ValbonneFrance Department of Geological Sciences University of Cape TownRondebosch 7701South Africa ISTerre Grenoble UniversitesCNRS/IRD BP 53 38041 Grenoble CEDEX 9France Department of Geology Rhodes UniversityGrahamstown 6140South Africa

The Panzhihua intrusion in southwest China is part of the Emeishan Large Igneous Province and host of a large Fe-Ti-V ore *** emplacement of the main intrusion,multiple generations of mafic dykes invaded carbonate wall rocks,producing a large contact *** measured the oxygen-isotope composition of the intrusions,their constituent minerals,and samples of the country *** and plagioclase from Panzhihua intrusion haveδ18O values that are consistent with magmatic equilibrium, and formed from magmas withδ18O values that were 1-2‰higher than expected in a mantle-derived *** unmetamorphosed country rock has highδ18O values,ranging from 13.2‰（sandstone） to 24.6-28.6‰（dolomite）.The skarns and marbles from the aureole have lowerδ18O andδ13C values than their protolith suggesting interaction with fluids that were in exchange equilibrium with the adjacent mafic magmas and especially the numerous mafic dykes that intruded the *** would explain the alteration ofδ18O of the dykes which have significantly higher values than expected for a mantle-derived *** on the exactδ18O values assumed for the magma and contaminant, the amount of assimilation required to produce the elevatedδ18O value of the Panzhihua intrusion was between 8 and 13.7 wt.%,assuming simple *** exact mechanism of contamination is unclear but may involve a combination of assimilation of bulk country rock,mixing with a melt of the country rock and exchange with CO2-rich fluid derived from decarbonation of the marls and *** mechanisms,particularly the latter,were probably involved in the formation of the Fe-Ti-V ores.

关键词： Panzhihua Stable isotopes Carbonates Assimilation Contamination

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Effect of wind stress forcing on ocean dynamics at air-sea interface

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Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2018年第8期19卷 1056-1062页

作者： Hussein YAHIA Veronique GARCON Joel SUDRE Christophe MAES Research Center INRIA Bordeaux-South West Talence 33405France CNRS LEGOS LaboratoryToulouse 31400France Brest University CNRSIRDIFREMERLOPSIUEMBrest 29238France

We evidence and study the differences in turbulence statistics in ocean dynamics carried by wind forcing at the air-sea interface. Surface currents at the air-sea interaction are of crucial importance because they transport heat from low to high latitudes. At first order, oceanic currents are generated by the balance of the Coriolis and pressure gradient forces(geostrophic current) and the balance of the Coriolis and the frictional forces dominated by wind stress(Ekman current) in the surface ocean layers. The study was conducted by computing statistical moments on the shapes of spectra computed within the framework of microcanonical multi-fractal formalism. Remotely sensed daily datasets derived from one year of altimetry and wind data were used in this study, allowing for the computation of two kinds of vector fields: geostrophy with and geostrophy without wind stress forcing. We explore the statistical properties of singularity spectra computed from velocity norms and vorticity data, notably in relation with kurtosis information to underline the differences in the turbulent regimes associated with both kinds of velocity fields.

关键词： Ocean dynamics Remote sensing Turbulence Signal processing Multi-fractal formalism

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Cropping leads to loss of soil organic matter: How can we prevent it?

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Pedosphere 2023年第1期33卷 8-10页

作者： Vincent CHAPLOT Pete SMITH Institut de Recherche pour le Développement(ird) Laboratoire d’Océanographie et du ClimatExpérimentations et Approches NumériquesUMR 7159IRD-CNRS-UPMC-MNHNCedex 05Paris 75252France Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences School of Biological SciencesUniversity of AberdeenAberdeen AB243UUUK

Soil organic matter(SOM),which associates carbon(C)to key plant nutrients,has been stored in soil for thousands of *** have long recognised its positive impact on key environmental functions such as food production and climate *** soon as a virgin land(forest or grassland)is cultivated,there is a tendency for the soil to lose its SOM,and we still largely misunderstand the underlying mechanisms,leading to inappropriate decisions being taken to fight soil,climate,and overall ecosystem degradation.

关键词： soil grassland forest

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m^(6)A Profile Dynamics Indicates Regulation of Oyster Development by m^(6)A-RNA Epitranscriptomes

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2023年第4期21卷 742-755页

作者： Lorane Le Franc Bruno Petton Pascal Favrel Guillaume Rivière Laboratoire de Biologie des Organismes et des Ecosyste`mes Aquatiques(BOREA) Muséum d’Histoire NaturelleSorbonne UniversitéUniversitéde Caen NormandieUniversitédes AntillesCNRS UMR 8067IRD14032 CaenFrance Ifremer Laboratoire des Sciences de l’Environnement MarinUMR 6539 CNRS/UBO/IRD/IfremerCentre Bretagne29280 PlouzanéFrance

The N6-methylation of RNA adenosines(N6-methyladenosine,m^(6)A)is an important regulator of gene expression with critical implications in vertebrate and insect ***,the developmental significance of epitranscriptomes in lophotrochozoan organisms remains *** methylated RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing(MeRIP-seq),we generated transcriptome-wide m^(6)A-RNA methylomes covering the entire development of the oyster from oocytes to *** RNA classes display specific m^(6)A signatures,with messenger RNAs(mRNAs)and long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs)exhibiting distinct profiles and being highly methylated compared to transposable element(TE)*** are dynamic and correspond to the chronological steps of development(cleavage,gastrulation,organogenesis,and metamorphosis),with minimal mRNA and lncRNA methylation at the morula stage followed by a global *** m^(6)A levels are correlated with transcript levels,and shifts in methylation profiles correspond to expression *** methylated transcripts cluster according to embryo-larval stages and bear the corresponding developmental functions(cell division,signal transduction,morphogenesis,and cell differentiation).The m^(6)A level of TE transcripts is also regulated and peaks during the *** demonstrate that m^(6)A-RNA methylomes are dynamic and associated with gene expression regulation during oyster *** putative epitranscriptome implication in the cleavage,maternal-to-zygotic transition,and cell differentiation in a lophotrochozoan model brings new insights into the control and evolution of developmental processes.

关键词： RNA methylation Transcription Embryo Metamorphosis Evo-devo

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Determination of Helmert transformation parameters for continuous GNSS networks:a case study of the Géoazur GNSS network

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Geo-Spatial Information Science 2023年第1期26卷 125-138页

作者： Dinh Trong Tran Jean-Mathieu Nocquet Ngoc Dung Luong Dinh Huy Nguyen Department of Geodesy and Geomatics Engineering Hanoi University of Civil EngineeringHanoiVietnam UniversitéCôte d’Azur CNRSObservatoire de la Côte d’AzurIRDValbonneFrance

In this paper,we propose an approach to determine seven parameters of the Helmert transfor-mation by transforming the coordinates of a continuous GNSS network from the World Geodetic System 1984(WGS84)to the International Terrestrial Reference *** includes(1)convert-ing the coordinates of common points from the global coordinate system to the local coordinate system,(2)identifying and eliminating outliers by the Dikin estimator,and(3)estimating seven parameters of the Helmert transformation by least squares(LS)estimation with the“clean”data(*** removed).Herein,the local coordinate system provides a platform to separate points’horizontal and vertical ***,the Dikin estimator identifies and eliminates outliers in the horizontal or vertical component *** is significant because common points in a continuous GNSS network may contain *** proposed approach is tested with the Géoazur GNSS network with the results showing that the Dikin estimator detects outliers at 6 out of 18 common points,among which three points are found with outliers in the vertical compo-nent ***,instead of eliminating all coordinate components of these six common points,we only eliminate all coordinate components of three common points and only the vertical component of another three common ***,the classical LS estimation is applied to“clean”data to estimate seven parameters of the Helmert transformation with a significant accuracy *** Dikin estimator’s results are compared to those of other robust estimators of Huber and Theil-Sen,which shows that the Dikin estimator performs ***,the weighted total least-squares estimation is implemented to assess the accuracy of the LS estimation with the same *** inter-comparison of the seven estimated parameters and their standard deviations shows a small difference at a few per million levels(E-6).

关键词： Continuous GNSS tectonic geodesy Dikin estimation Helmert transformation

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This work was supported by the European Research Council Advanced Grant(ETAP-742985 to *** J.F.)and by the Ministry of Science and Technology(grant 110-2636-B-005-001 to K.-J.L.).

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Plant Communications 2024年第1期5卷 130-147页

作者： Yu Zhang Yuan Fu Wenfei Xian Xiuli Li Yong Feng Fengjiao Bu Yan Shi Shiyu Chen Robin van Velzen Kai Battenberg Alison M.Berry Marco G.Salgado Hui Liu Tingshuang Yi Pascale Fournier Nicole Alloisio Petar Pujic Hasna Boubakri M.Eric Schranz Pierre-Marc Delaux Gane Ka-Shu Wong Valerie Hocher Sergio Svistoonoff Hassen Gherbi Ertao Wang Wouter Kohlen Luis G.Wall Martin Parniske Katharina Pawlowski Philippe Normand Jeffrey J.Doyle Shifeng Cheng Shenzhen Branch Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern AgricultureGenome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of AgricultureAgricultural Genomics Institute at ShenzhenChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesShenzhen 518124China Biosystematics Group Department of Plant SciencesWageningen University6708PB Wageningenthe Netherlands Department of Plant Sciences University of CaliforniaDavisDavisCA 95616USA Department of Ecology Environment and Plant SciencesStockholm University10691 StockholmSweden Germplasm Bank of Wild Species Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesLanhei RoadKunming 650201China Universite´de Lyon Universite´Lyon 1CNRSUMR5557Ecologie MicrobienneINRAUMR 141843 bd du 11 novembre 191869622 VilleurbanneFrance Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Ve´ge´tales(LRSV) Universite´de ToulouseCNRSUPS24 chemin de Borde RougeAuzevilleBP4261731326 Castanet TolosanFrance Department of Biological Sciences University of AlbertaEdmontonAB T6G 2E9Canada French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development(ird) UMR LSTM(IRD/CIRAD/INRAe/Montpellier University/Supagro)-Campus International BaillarguetTA A-82/J34398 Montpellier Cedex 5France National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesInstitute of Plant Physiology and EcologySIBSChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina Laboratory of Molecular Biology Department of Plant SciencesWageningen University6708PB Wageningenthe Netherlands Laboratory of Biochemistry Microbiology and Soil Biological InteractionsDepartment of Science and TechnologyNational University of QuilmesCONICETBernalArgentina Faculty of Biology GeneticsLMU MunichGroßhaderner Strasse 2-482152 MartinsriedGermany School of Integrative Plant Science Sections of Plant Biology and Plant Breeding&GeneticsCornell UniversityIthacaNY 14853USA State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100093China Univer

Plant root-nodule symbiosis(RNS)with mutualistic nitrogen-fixing bacteria is restricted to a single clade of angiosperms,the Nitrogen-Fixing Nodulation Clade(NFNC),and is best understood in the legume *** species share many commonalities,explained either by divergence from a common ancestor over 100 million years ago or by convergence following independent origins over that same time ***,comparative analyses of diverse nodulation syndromes can provide insights into constraints on nodulation—what must be acquired or cannot be lost for a functional symbiosis—and the latitude for Plant Communications Genomic landscape of nodulation variation in the ***,much remains to be learned about nodulation,especially outside of ***,we employed a large-scale phylogenomic analysis across 88 species,complemented by 151 RNA-seq libraries,to elucidate the evolution of *** phylogenomic analyses further emphasize the uniqueness of the transcription factor NIN as a master regulator of nodulation and identify key muta-tions that affect its function across the *** transcriptomic assessment revealed nodule-specific upregulated genes across diverse nodulating plants,while also identifying nodule-specific and nitrogen-response *** 70%of symbiosis-related genes are highly conserved in the four representative species,whereas defense-related and host-range restriction genes tend to be lineage *** study also identified over 900000 conserved non-coding elements(CNEs),over 300000 of which are unique to sampled NFNC ***-specific CNEs are enriched with the active H3K9ac mark and are correlated with accessible chromatin regions,thus representing a pool of candidate regula-tory elements for genes involved in ***,our results provide novel insights into the evolution of nodulation and lay a foundation for engineering of RNS traits in agriculturally important crops.

关键词： nitrogen-fixing root-nodule symbiosis two competing hypotheses phylogenomics phylotranscrip-tomics conserved non-coding elements convergence deep homology

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Territorial Accessibility and Decision-Making Structure Related to Debris Flow Impacts on Roads in the French Alps

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2016年第2期7卷 186-197页

作者： Marina Utasse Vincent Jomelli Delphine Grancher Frederic Leone Daniel Brunstein Clement Virmoux UMR LGP:Laboratoire de Géographie Physique Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne/8591 CNRS UMR GRED:Gouvernance Risque EnvironnementDéveloppement Université Montpellier/IRD

The Alps are highly impacted by debris flows that cause major problems for companies and transport networks located in the valley bottoms. One such event occurred in the Rif Blanc catchment and affected the road network in the French Alps, as well as adjacent areas across the Italian border, for several days in June 2012. This article presents two independent approaches to vulnerability assessment. Based on investigations conducted during a survey of local authorities following the event, we compared theoretical risk management and real crisis management in terms of decision making and modes of intervention. Functional vulnerability and territorial consequences were analyzed using a best travel time model of accessibility. We show that a bottom-up approach is practiced in case of actual management planning with a central coordination of general council. Conversely theoretical crisis management shows prefect as the key actor supported by several other state institutions. Our analysis also revealed that a debris flow event with a local impact on the road network has territorial consequences at a regional scale. This study contributes to the discussion about how to minimize the vulnerability of alpine transport networks prone to debris flows. Our results could serve as a decision support tool for public authorities.

关键词： Crisis management Debris flows French Alps Road network vulnerability

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The bio-interactions between plants,insecticides and fertilizers:an innovative approach for the research of xenobiotic substances

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Natural Products and Bioprospecting 2022年第1期12卷 678-684页

作者： Frédéric Darriet Institute of Research for Development(ird delegation Occitanie) Maladies Infectieuses et VecteursÉcologieGénétiqueÉvolution et Contrôle(MIVEGEC)Universitéde MontpellierIRDCNRSBP 64501911 Avenue Agropolis34394 Montpellier Cedex 5France

In this experiment carried out on Caribbean chili pepper plants(Capsicum chinensis),the bio-insecticide azadirachtin in combination with an NPK fertilizer proved to have a greater lethal impact on the larvae of Aedes albopictus than each substance on its *** synergistic effect is noticeably important when both inputs are sprayed directly on the leaves of the plant(foliar application).While the plants treated with azadirachtin or NPK alone cause a 33.6%and 36.4%mortal-ity respectively of the *** larvae,the combination of the two inputs induces a 74.4%mortality on the mosquito *** account for this synergistic effect phenomenon inside the plant,the azadirachtin+NPK combination most likely interacts with the capsaicinoid compounds naturally produced by the *** only does this study carried out on azadirachtin reveal major results but the methodology itself offers a most interesting approach on how to boost the agricultural inputs within the *** a matter of fact,this research axis demands developing since the control of pests harmful to men has been dramatically lacking insecticide molecules acting on new targets over the past three decades.

关键词： Chili pepper plant Azadirachtin bio-insecticide NPK fertilizer Capsaicinoid compounds Xenobiotic substance Aedes albopictus Innovative research

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