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Paradoxical association between dyspepsia and autoimmune chronic atrophic gastritis:Insights into mechanisms,pathophysiology,and treatment options

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第23期29卷 3733-3747页

作者： Roberta Elisa Rossi Alessandra Elvevi Valentina Sciola Francesco Vito Mandarino Silvio Danese Pietro Invernizzi Sara Massironi Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit IRCCS Humanitas Research HospitalRozzano 20089MilanItaly Gastroenterology Unit Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei TintoriMonza 20900Italy and Department of Medicine and SurgeryUniversity of Milano-BicoccaMonza 20900Italy Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit Fondazione IRCCS Ca’Granda Ospedale Maggiore PoliclinicoMilano 20100Italy Department of Gastroenterology and Endoscopy IRCCS Ospedale San RaffaeleMilan 20132Italy School of Medicine Vita-Salute San Raffaele UniversityMilan 20132Italy

BACKGROUND Autoimmune gastritis(AIG)is a progressive,chronic,immune-mediated inflammatory disease characterized by the destruction of gastric parietal cells leading to hypo/anacidity and loss of intrinsic *** symptoms such as dyspepsia and early satiety are very common,being second in terms of frequency only to anemia,which is the most typical feature of *** To address both well-established and more innovative information and knowledge about this challenging *** An extensive bibliographical search was performed in PubMed to identify guidelines and primary literature(retrospective and prospective studies,systematic reviews,case series)published in the last 10 *** A total of 125 records were reviewed and 80 were defined as fulfilling the *** AIG can cause a range of clinical manifestations,including *** pathophysiology of dyspepsia in AIG is complex and involves changes in acid secretion,gastric motility,hormone signaling,and gut microbiota,among other *** dyspeptic symptoms of AIG is challenging and there are no specific therapies targeting dyspepsia in *** proton pump inhibitors are commonly used to treat dyspepsia and gastroesophageal reflux disease,they may not be appropriate for *** agents,antidepressant drugs,and non-pharmacological treatments may be of help,even if not adequately evidence-based supported.A multidisciplinary approach for the management of dyspepsia in AIG is recommended,and further research is needed to develop and validate more effective therapies for dyspepsia.

关键词： Dyspepsia Dyspeptic symptoms Gastro-intestinal symptoms Autoimmune gastritis Chronic autoimmune atrophic gastritis Treatment

Specific contribution of mannose-binding lectin murine isoforms to brain ischemia/reperfusion injury

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2020年第3期17卷 218-226页

作者： Laura Neglia Marco Oggioni Domenico Mercurio Maria-Grazia De Simoni Stefano Fumagalli1 Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri irccs Department of NeuroscienceMilanItaly

Mannose-binding lectin(MBL),an initiator of the lectin pathway(LP)of complement activation,is detrimental in ischemic stroke,as shown in clinical studies and rodent *** humans have one functional MBL protein,rodents have two isoforms,MBL-A and MBL-C,whose functions relative to that of human MBL are *** permit the clinical translation of preclinical data,we aimed to define the specific contributions of MBL-A and MBL-C to brain *** subjected mice with double(MBL^(−/−))or single(MBL-A^(−/−)or MBL-C^(−/−))MBL isoform depletion to transient middle cerebral artery occlusion(tMCAo).MBL^(−/−) mice had fewer neurological deficits and smaller ischemic lesions than WT ***-A^(−/−) mice had smaller lesions than WT mice and exhibited no significant behavioral defects,whereas MBL-C^(−/−) mice did not differ from WT *** induction of Mbl1 and Mbl2(the MBL-A and MBL-C genes)expression 48 h after tMCAo was similar across *** time course of Mbl1 and Mbl2 expression in WT ischemic mice showed that Mbl1 activation occurred earlier(24 h)than Mbl2 activation(48 h).The plasma levels of MBL-A and MBL-C in MBL-C^(−/−) and MBL-A^(−/−) mice,respectively,were similar to those in WT mice both at baseline and at 48 h after *** 48 h,MBL-A^(−/−)ischemic mice showed higher MBL-C levels in the brain than WT *** and MBL-C^(−/−) ischemic mice had higher LP activity in plasma and,accordingly,higher levels of C3 deposition in the brain than MBL-A^(−/−) and MBL^(−/−) *** conclusion,mice with depletion of both MBL isoforms exhibited strong protection from ischemia/reperfusion ***-A was the main contributor to injury,likely owing to its earlier activation after ischemia and more efficient activation of the complement system than MBL-C.

关键词： injury depletion likely

CHK2 kinase in the DNA damage response and beyond

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Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2014年第6期8卷 442-457页

作者： Laura Zannini Domenico Delia Giacomo Buscemi Department of Experimental Oncology Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Via Amadeo 42 20133 Milan Italy

The serine/threonine kinase CHK2 is a keycomponent of the DNA damage response. In human cells, following genotoxic stress, CHK2 is activated and phosphorylates 〉20 proteins to induce the appropriate cellular response, which, depending on the extent of damage, the cell type, and other factors, could be cell cycle checkpoint activation, induction of apoptosis or senescence, DNA repair, or tolerance of the damage. Recently, CHK2 has also been found to have cellular functions independent of the presence of nuclear DNA lesions. In par- ticular, CHK2 participates in several molecular processes involved in DNA structure modification and cell cycle progression. In this review, we discuss the activity of CHK2 in response to DNA damage and in the maintenance of the biological functions in unstressed cells. These activities are also considered in relation to a possible role of CHK2 in tumorigenesis and, as a consequence, as a target of cancer therapy.

关键词： DNA damage checkpoints apoptosis genomic stability

Is it possible to develop a cerebellar reserve?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第5期17卷 994-996页

作者： Francesca Gelfo Laura Petrosini Department of Human Sciences Guglielmo Marconi UniversityRomeItaly irccs Fondazione Santa Lucia RomeItaly

The concept of neural plasticity accounts for the now well clarified brain ability to react to internal and external stimuli by transforming its structure and *** translation of whatever experience in specific electrical signals that run through our neural networks induces a number of plastic changes at both functional and structural levels.

关键词： function. translation clarified

Alpha-synuclein as a biomarker in Parkinson's disease: focus on neural derived extracelluar vesicles

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第7期17卷 1503-1504页

作者： Cristina Agliardi Franca R.Guerini Mario Meloni Mario Clerici irccs Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi MilanItaly Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation University of MilanMilanItaly

The prevalence of Parkinson’s disease(PD)is rapidly increasing,and more than 12 million people are expected to suffer from PD by *** is a highly invalidating neurodegenerative condition that arises from the progressive degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars *** main cause for such degeneration is the formation of cytoplasmic inclusions known as Lewy bodies.

关键词： degeneration Alpha prevalence

Heavy cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption are associated with impaired sperm parameters in primary infertile men

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2019年第5期21卷 478-485页

作者： Luca Boeri Paolo Capogrosso Eugenio Ventimiglia Filippo Pederzoli Walter Cazzaniga Francesco Chierigo Federico Deho Emanuele Montanari Francesco Montorsi Andrea Salonia Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology URIIRCCS San Raffaele HospitalMilan 20132Italy Department of Urology Foundation IRCCS Ca'Granda Maggiore Policlinico HospitalUniversity of MilanMilan 20122Italy University Vita-Salute San Raffaele Milan 20132Italy

We assessed the concomitant impact of cigarette smoking and alcohol con sumption in men presenting for primary couple's *** from 189 in fertile men were an a *** analysis,serum hormones,and sperm DNA fragmentation(SDF)were *** status was categorized as follows:current nonsmoker(-S),moderate smoker(+MS),and heavy smoker(+HS).Alcohol consumption was categorized as follows:abstainer(-D),moderate drinker(+MD),and heavy drinker(+HD).Descriptive statistics and logistic regression models were *** all the participants,132(69.8%),30(15.9%),and 27(14.3%)patients were-S,+MS,and+HS,*** addition,67(35.4%),77(40.7%)and 45(23.8%)men were-D,+MD and+HD,*** concomitant habits,52(27.5%)patients were nonsmokers and abstainers(-S/-D:Group 1),91(48.1%)had at least one recreational habit(-S/+D or+S/-D:Group 2),and 46(24.3%)were both smokers and drinkers(+S/+D:Group 3).Sperm concentration and progressive motility were lower in+HS and+HD,compared with-S and-D(all P<0.05),***,both parameters were significantly lower in Group 3 than Groups 1 and 2(all P<0.05).SDF values were higher in Group 3 than Groups 1 and 2(both P<0.05).In multivariate analysis,follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH)levels and concomitant+S/+D status were independent predictors of impaired sperm concentration and progressive motility(all P<0.05).Heavy smoking and heavy drinking were associated with worse seminal parameters than moderate smoking/drinking and nonsmoking/*** concomitant,+S/+D status has an even greater detrimental effect on semen parameters.

关键词： alcohol con sumption cigarette smoki ng in fertility risk factors seme n an alysis

Histotype-based prognostic classification of gastric cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第9期18卷 896-904页

作者： Anna Maria Chiaravalli Catherine Klersy Alessandro Vanoli Andrea Ferretti Carlo Capella Enrico Solcia Department of Human Morphology and Centro Insubre di Biotecnologie per la Salute Umana University of Insubria and Ospedale di Circolo Unit of Biometry and Clinical Epidemiology Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Department of Human Pathology University of Pavia and Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo

AIM： To test the efficiency of a recently proposed his- totype-based grading system in a consecutive series of gastric cancers.

关键词： Gastric cancer High-grade histotype Low-grade histotype Lymphoid response Epstein-Barr vi-rus Microsatellite instability

Extravasated contrast volumetric assessment on computed tomography angiography in gastrointestinal bleeding:A useful predictor of positive angiographic findings

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World Journal of Radiology 2024年第5期16卷 115-127页

作者： Laura Maria Cacioppa Chiara Floridi Alessandra Bruno NicolòRossini Tommaso Valeri Alessandra Borgheresi Riccardo Inchingolo Francesco Cortese Giacomo Novelli Alessandro Felicioli Mario Torresi Pietro Boscarato Letizia Ottaviani Andrea Giovagnoni Division of Interventional Radiology Department of Radiological SciencesUniversity Politecnica Delle MarcheAncona 60126Italy Department of Clinical Special and Dental SciencesUniversity Politecnica Delle MarcheAncona 60126Italy Division of Radiology Department of Radiological SciencesUniversity Hospital"Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Delle Marche"Ancona 60126Italy Interventional Radiology Unit "F Miulli"Regional General HospitalAcquaviva delle Fonti 70021Italy Department of Radiology IRCCS INRCAAncona 60126Italy

BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal bleeding(GIB)is a severe and potentially life-threatening condition,especially in cases of delayed *** tomography angiography(CTA)plays a pivotal role in the early identification of upper and lower GIB and in the prompt treatment of the *** To determine whether a volumetric estimation of the extravasated contrast at CTA in GIB may be a predictor of subsequent positive angiographic *** In this retrospective single-centre study,35 patients(22 men;median age 69 years;range 16-92 years)admitted to our institution for active GIB detected at CTA and further submitted to catheter angiography between January 2018 and February 2022 were ***-three(65.7%)patients underwent endoscopy before *** volumetry was evaluated in both arterial and venous phases via a semi-automated dedicated *** rate was obtained from volume change between the two phases and standardised for unit *** were divided into two groups,according to the angiographic signs and their concordance with *** Upper bleeding accounted for 42.9%and lower GIB for 57.1%.Mean haemoglobin value at the admission was 7.7 g/dL.A concordance between positive CTA and direct angiographic bleeding signs was found in 19(54.3%)*** no significant differences in terms of bleeding volume in the arterial phase(0.55 mL vs 0.33 mL,P=0.35),a statistically significant volume increase in the venous phase was identified in the group of patients with positive angiography(2.06 mL vs 0.9 mL,P=0.02).In the latter patient group,a significant increase in bleeding rate was also detected(2.18 mL/min vs 0.19 mL/min,P=0.02).CONCLUSION In GIB of any origin,extravasated contrast volumetric analysis at CTA could be a predictor of positive angiography and may help in avoiding further unnecessary procedures.

关键词： Gastrointestinal haemorrhage Computed tomography angiography Volumetric analysis Computer-assisted image interpretation Therapeutic embolization Transcatheter arterial embolization

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis disease burden:doing better at getting better

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第8期18卷 1728-1729页

作者： Cinzia Volonté Susanna Amadio National Research Council-Institute for Systems Analysis and Computer Science“Antonio Ruberti” Cellular Neurobiology UnitIRCCS Fondazione Santa LuciaRomeItaly Cellular Neurobiology Unit IRCCS Fondazione Santa LuciaRomeItaly

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS)is classified as a multigenic,multifactorial,and heterogeneous neurodegenerative/neuroinflammatory disease that slays especially upper and lower motor neurons controlling voluntary muscle *** the insurgence that is characterized by typical symptoms such as weakness in the limbs and muscle twitches,the disease rapidly evolves into progressive muscle atrophy,paralysis,and lastly death occurring by respiratory failure usually within 2-4 years of diagnosis.

关键词： sclerosis paralysis respiratory