检索结果-南通市图书馆

Functional trait composition of carabid beetle communities predicts prey suppression through both mass ratio and niche complementarity mechanisms

引用

Insect Science 2024年第2期31卷 562-574页

作者： Abdelhak Rouabah Francoise Lasserre-Joulin Sylvain Plantureux Simon Taugourdeau Bernard Amiaud Universite de Loraine INRAELAENancyF-54000France UMR SELMET CIRADINRAEInstitut AgroUniversite de MontpellierMontpellier34000France CIRAD UMR SELMET-PPZSDakarSéenegal UMR Siva Universitéde LorraineAgroParisTechINRAEVandoeuvreLes Nancy54506France

Several components of predator functional diversity have been hypothesized to influence prey suppression through either niche complementarity or mass ratio effects.Nevertheless,most studies have used a functional group approach when assessing the role of these predators in ecosystem functioning.By adopting a trait-based approach,we evaluated the relative contributions of carabid diversity components in predicting prey suppression.Our results highlight the importance of both taxonomic and functional diversity components of carabids as key drivers of prey suppression.Prey suppression was best predicted by carabid densities,with the dominance of Poecilus cupreus potentially driving the positive effect of community total abundance through the mass ratio effect.Prey suppression increased with increasing the density of large carabids.In addition,carabid eye diameter and antennal length were key functional traits for predicting prey suppression.Furthermore,prey suppression increased with increasing carabid functional richness following the niche complementarity effect.In contrast to functional richness,functional evenness and functional divergence of carabid communities were weakly correlated with prey suppression.By identifying which diversity components of carabid communities contribute the most to increase prey suppression,our results can guide efforts aiming to predict the relationship between diversity of these predators and ecosystem functioning.

关键词： abundance distribution biological control body size ecosystem function functional richness predator-prey interactions

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Prediction of net energy of feeds for broiler chickens

引用

Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 241-250页

作者： Aye-Cho Tay-Zar Manoosak Wongphatcharachai Pairat Srichana Pierre-André Geraert Jean Noblet Charoen Pokphand Foods Public Company Limited (CPF) Adisseo France S.A.S. inrae

Net energy(NE) enables the prediction of more accurate feed energy values by taking into account the heat increment which is approximately 25% of apparent metabolizable energy(AME) in poultry.Nevertheless, application of NE in poultry industry has not been practiced widely. To predict the NE values of broiler diets, 23 diets were prepared by using 13 major ingredients(wheat, corn, paddy rice,broken rice, cassava pellets, full-fat soybean, soybean meal, canola meal, animal protein, rice bran, wheat bran, palm kernel meal and palm kernel oil). The diets were formulated in order to meet the birds' requirements and get a wide range of chemical compositions(on DM basis; 33.6% to 55.3% for starch;20.8% to 28.4% for CP, 2.7% to 10.6% for ether extract [EE] and 7.0% to 17.2% for NDF), with low correlations between these nutrients and low correlations between the inclusion levels of ingredients allowing for the calculation of robust prediction equations of energy values of diets or ingredients. These diets were fed to Ross 308 broilers raised in 12 open-circuit respiratory chambers from 18 to 23 d of age(4 birds per cage) and growth performance, diet AME content and heat production were measured, and dietary NE values were calculated. The trial was conducted on a weekly basis with 12 diets measured each week(1per chamber), 1 of the 23 diets(reference diet) being measured each week. Each diet was tested at least 8times. In total, 235 energy balance data values were available for the final calculations. Growth performance, AME(15.3 MJ/kg DM on average) and AME/GE(79.4% on average) values were as expected. The NE/AME value averaged 76.6% and was negatively influenced by CP and NDF and positively by EE in connection with efficiencies of AME provided by CP, EE and starch for NE of 73%, 87% and 81%,respectively. The best prediction equation was: NE =(0.815 × AME)—(0.026 × CP) +(0.020 × EE)—(0.024 × NDF) with NE and AME as MJ/kg DM, and CP, EE and NDF as % of DM. The NE prediction equations from this study agree with other recen

关键词： Net energy Broiler Poultry Feed evaluation Energy system

来源：

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

同方期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Re-evaluation of recent research on metabolic utilization of energy in poultry: Recommendations for a net energy system for broilers

引用

Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 62-72页

作者： Jean Noblet Aye-Cho Tay-Zar Shu-Biao Wu Pairat Srichana Pierre Cozannet Pierre-Andre Geraert Mingan Choct inrae Charoen Pokphand Foods Public Company Limited (CPF) School of Environmental and Rural Science University of New England Adisseo France S.A.S.

Different energy systems have been proposed for energy evaluation of feeds for domestic animals. The oldest and most commonly used systems take into account the fecal energy loss to obtain digestible energy(DE), and fecal, urinary and fermentation gases energy losses to calculate metabolizable energy(ME). In the case of ruminants and pigs, the net energy(NE) system, which takes into account the heat increment associated with the metabolic utilization of ME, has progressively replaced the DE and ME systems over the last 50 years. For poultry, apparent ME(AME) is used exclusively and NE is not yet used widely. The present paper considers some important methodological points for measuring NE in poultry feeds and summarizes the available knowledge on NE systems for poultry. NE prediction equations based on a common analysis of three recent studies representing a total of 50 complete and balanced diets fed to broilers are proposed; these equations including the AME content and easily available chemical indicators have been validated on another set of 30 diets. The equations are applicable to both ingredients and complete diets. They rely primarily on an accurate and reliable AME value which then represents the first limiting predictor of NE value. Our analysis indicates that NE would be a better predictor of broiler performance than AME and that the hierarchy between feeds is dependent on the energy system with a higher energy value for fat and a lower energy value for protein in an NE system. Practical considerations for implementing such an NE system from the commonly used AME or AMEn(AME adjusted for zero nitrogen balance) systems are presented. In conclusion, there is sufficient information to allow the implementation of the NE concept in order to improve the accuracy of feed formulation in poultry.

关键词： Poultry Feed evaluation Net energy Energy system

来源：

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

同方期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Identification and functional characterization of fish IL‑17 receptors suggest important roles in the response to nodavirus infection

引用

Marine Life Science & Technology 2024年第2期6卷 252-265页

作者： Carmen González‑Fernández Miguel A.García‑Álvarez Alberto Cuesta Department of Cell Biology and Histology Faculty of BiologyUniversity of Murcia30100 MurciaSpain Laboratoire d’écotoxicologie Centre de Lyon-VilleurbanneINRAEUR RiverLy69625 VilleurbanneFrance

Th17 is a lymphocyte T helper(Th)subpopulation relevant in the control and regulation of the immune response characterized by the production of interleukin(IL)-17.This crucial cytokine family acts through their binding to the IL-17 receptors(IL-17R),having up to six members.Although the biology of fish Th17 is well-recognized,the molecular and functional characterization of IL-17 and IL-17R has been limited.Thus,our aim was to identify and characterize the IL-17R repertory and regulation in the two main Mediterranean cultured fish species,the gilthead seabream(Sparus aurata)and the European sea bass(Dicentrarchus labrax).Our in silico results showed the clear identification of six members in each fish species,from IL-17RA to IL-17RE-like,with well-conserved gene structure and protein domains with their human orthologues.All of them showed wide and constitutive transcription in naïve tissues but with highest levels in mucosal tissues,namely skin,gill or intestine.In leucocytes,T mitogens showed the strongest up-regulation in most of the il17 receptors though il17ra resulted in inhibition by most stimulants.Interestingly,in vivo nodavirus infection resulted in alterations on the transcription of il17 receptors.While nodavirus infection led to some increments in the il17ra,il17rb,il17rc and il17rd transcripts in the susceptible European sea bass,many down-regulations were observed in the resistant gilthead seabream.Our data identify the presence and conservation of six coding IL-17R in gilthead seabream and European sea bass as well as their differential regulation in vitro and upon nodavirus infection.

关键词： Th17 cells IL-17 receptors Immunity Teleost fish Nodavirus(NNV) Aquaculture

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Drought events influence nutrient canopy exchanges and green leaf partitioning during senescence in a deciduous forest

引用

Forest Ecosystems 2024年第1期11卷 110-119页

作者： J.Touche C.Calvaruso P.De Donato M.-P.Turpault inrae BEFF-54000NancyFrance UMR 7359 GeoRessourcesFaculte des Sciences-Campus des Aiguillettes54506Vandoeuvre Les NancyFrance EcoSustain Environmental Engineering OfficeResearch and DevelopmentKanfen57330France

The increase in the frequency and intensity of drought events expected in the coming decades in Western Europe may disturb forest biogeochemical cycles and create nutrient deficiencies in trees.One possible origin of nutrient deficiency is the disturbance of the partitioning of the green leaf pool during the leaf senescence period between resorption,foliar leaching and senesced leaves.However,the effects of drought events on this partitioning and the consequences for the maintenance of tree nutrition are poorly documented.An experiment in a beech forest in Meuse(France)was conducted to assess the effect of drought events on nutrient canopy exchanges and on the partitioning of the green leaf pool during the leaf senescence period.The aim was to identify potential nutritional consequences of droughts for trees.Monitoring nutrient dynamics,including resorption,chemistry of green and senesced leaves,foliar absorption and leaching in mature beech stands from 2012 to 2019 allowed us to compare the nutrient exchanges for three nondry and three dry years(i.e.,with an intense drought event during the growing season).During dry years,we observed a decrease by almost a third of the potassium(K)partitioning to resorption(i.***.resorption efficiency),thus reducing the K reserve in trees for the next growing season.This result suggests that with the increased drought frequency and intensity expected for the coming decades,there will be a risk of potassium deficiency in trees,as already observed in a rainfall exclusion experiment on the same study site.Reduced foliar leaching and higher parititioning to the senesced leaves for K and phosphorus(P)were also observed.In addition,a slight increase in nitrogen(N)resorption efficiency occurred during dry years which is more likely to improve tree nutrition.The calcium(Ca)negative resorption decreased,with no apparent consequence in our study site.Our results show that nutrient exchanges in the canopy and the partitioning of the green leaf pool can be modified by drought events,and may

关键词： Natural drought Beech forest Canopy Resorption Foliar leaching Senesced leaves Nutrition

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

A Blind Spot in the Reframing of a Universe of Possibles: Towards a Suitable Model for Decision-Making Theory and A.I.

引用

Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics 2024年第6期12卷 2172-2189页

作者： Gilbert Giacomoni AgroParisTech (Paris Saclay University) & Paris Saclay Applied Economics (UMR 210) inrae 22 place de lAgronomie Palaiseau France

Bayesian inference model is an optimal processing of incomplete information that, more than other models, better captures the way in which any decision-maker learns and updates his degree of rational beliefs about possible states of nature, in order to make a better judgment while taking new evidence into account. Such a scientific model proposed for the general theory of decision-making, like all others in general, whether in statistics, economics, operations research, A.I., data science or applied mathematics, regardless of whether they are time-dependent, have in common a theoretical basis that is axiomatized by relying on related concepts of a universe of possibles, especially the so-called universe (or the world), the state of nature (or the state of the world), when formulated explicitly. The issue of where to stand as an observer or a decision-maker to reframe such a universe of possibles together with a partition structure of knowledge (i.e. semantic formalisms), including a copy of itself as it was initially while generalizing it, is not addressed. Memory being the substratum, whether human or artificial, wherein everything stands, to date, even the theoretical possibility of such an operation of self-inclusion is prohibited by pure mathematics. We make this blind spot come to light through a counter-example (namely Archimedes’ Eureka experiment) and explore novel theoretical foundations, fitting better with a quantum form than with fuzzy modeling, to deal with more than a reference universe of possibles. This could open up a new path of investigation for the general theory of decision-making, as well as for Artificial Intelligence, often considered as the science of the imitation of human abilities, while being also the science of knowledge representation and the science of concept formation and reasoning.

关键词： Decision-Making Innovation Universe of Possibles A.I. Quantum Form Fuzzy Modeling

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Identification of an odorant receptor responding to sex pheromones in Spodoptera frugiperda extends the novel type-I PR lineage in moths

引用

Insect Science 2024年第2期31卷 489-502页

作者： Sai Zhang Emmanuelle Jacquin-Joly Nicolas Montagne Fang Liu Yang Liu Guirong Wang College of Horticulture and Plant Protection Yangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests Institute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBejingChina Institute of Ecology and En vironmental Sciences of Paris INRAESorbonne UniversityCNRSIRDUPECUniversity of ParisVersaillesFrance Shenzhen Branch Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern AgricultureGenome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of AgricultureAgricultural Genomics Institute at ShenzhenChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesShenzhenChina

moths,pheromone receptors(PRs)are crucial for intraspecific sexual communication between males and females.Moth PRs are considered as an ideal model for studying the evolution of insect PRs,and a large number of PRs have been identified and functionally characterized in different moth species.Moth PRs were initially thought to fall into a single monophyletic clade in the odorant receptor(OR)family,but recent studies have shown that ORs in another lineage also bind type-I sex pheromones,which indicates that type-I PRs have multiple independent origins in the Lepidoptera.In this study,we investigated whether ORs of the pest moth Spodoptera frugiperda belonging to clades closely related to this novel PR lineage may also have the capacity to bind type-I pheromones and serve as male PRs.Among the 7 ORs tested,only 1(SfruOR23)exhibited a male-biased expression pattern.Importantly,in vitro functional characterization showed that SfruOR23 could bind several type-I sex pheromone compounds with Z-9-tetradecenal(Z9-14:Ald),a minor component found in female sex pheromone glands,as the optimal ligand.In addition,SfruOR23 also showed weak responses to plant volatile organic compounds.Altogether,we characterized an S.frugiperda PR positioned in a lineage closely related to the novel PR clade,indicating that the type-I PR lineage can be extended in moths.

关键词： odorant receptor pheromone receptor lineage sex pheromone Spodoptera frugiperda

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Linker gadolinium as charge channel and singlet oxygen activation site in graphitic carbon nitride for enhancing photocatalytic decomposition of tetracycline

引用

Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第5期42卷 827-837,I0001页

作者： Jianmin Luo Wenqin Li Xinglei Wang Eric Lichtfouse Donglan Huang Xiaoyuan Chen Yi Zhang Lejie Zhu Chuanyi Wang College of Chemistry and Civil Engineering Shaoguan UniversityShaoguan512005China Key Laboratory of Pollutant Chemistry and Environmental Treatment College of Chemistry and Environmental ScienceYili Normal UniversityYining 835000China College of Chemistry and Environmental Science Kashi UniversityKashi844006China CNRS IRDINRAEColl FranceCEREGEAix-Marseille UniversityAix en Provence13100France Guangzhou Institute of Industrial Intelligence(GIl) Guangzhou511400China

Reactive oxygen species are essential in photocatalytic water treatment.In this paper,Gd doped carbon nitride(CN)photocatalysts were prepared by simple thermal polymerization for the photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline under visible light irradiation.The photodegradation rate of *** is as high as 95%in 18 min,and the photocatalytic performance is much higher than that of CN.The improvement of photocatalytic performance is mainly attributed to the fact that Gd ion implantation directly provides active sites for oxygen activation and induces the formation of N vacancies.The results of characterizations show that the introduction of Gd in CN can improve the conversion ability of activated oxygen,carrier separation and energy band structure adjustment.Therefore,1.0GdCN photocatalyst can be employed for efficient photocatalytic synthesis of tetracycline.Furthermore,three ways of photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline were revealed by high performance liquid chromatographymass spectrometry.This work provides insights into the doping strategy of CN to improve the production of reactive oxygen species for environmental remediation.

关键词： Photocatalysis Tetracycline Hydrogen peroxide Gd doped CN Singlet oxygen Rare earths

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Exploring the effects of dietary inulin in rainbow trout fed a high‑starch,100%plant‑based diet

引用

Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第2期15卷 713-732页

作者： Raphaël Defaix Jep Lokesh Laura Frohn Mickael Le Bechec Thierry Pigot Vincent Veron Anne Surget Sandra Biasutti Frederic Terrier Sandrine Skiba-Cassy Jerome Roy Stephane Panserat Karine Ricaud Universite de Pau Et Des Pays de L’Adour E2S UPPAINRAENUMEASaint‑Pee‑Sur‑NivelleFrance Universite de Pau Et Des Pays de L’Adour E2S UPPACNRSIMT Mines AlesIPREMPauFrance Universite de Pau Et Des Pays de L’Adour E2S UPPAIUT des Pays de l’AdourDepartement Genie BiologiqueMont de MarsanFrance.

Background High dietary carbohydrates can spare protein in rainbow trout(Oncorhynchus mykiss)but may affect growth and health.Inulin,a prebiotic,could have nutritional and metabolic effects,along with anti-inflammatory properties in teleosts,improving growth and welfare.We tested this hypothesis in rainbow trout by feeding them a 100%plant-based diet,which is a viable alternative to fishmeal and fish oil in aquaculture feeds.In a two-factor design,we examined the impact of inulin(2%)as well as the variation in the carbohydrates(CHO)/plant protein ratio on rainbow trout.We assessed the influence of these factors on zootechnical parameters,plasma metabolites,gut microbiota,production of short-chain fatty acids and lactic acid,as well as the expression of free-fatty acid receptor genes in the mid-intestine,intermediary liver metabolism,and immune markers in a 12-week feeding trial.Results The use of 2%inulin did not significantly change the fish intestinal microbiota,but interestingly,the high CHO/protein ratio group showed a change in intestinal microbiota and in particular the beta diversity,with 21 bacterial genera affected,including Ralstonia,Bacillus,and 11 lactic-acid producing bacteria.There were higher levels of butyric,and valeric acid in groups fed with high CHO/protein diet but not with inulin.The high CHO/protein group showed a decrease in the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines(il1b,il8,and tnfa)in liver and a lower expression of the genes coding for tight-junction proteins in mid-intestine(tjp1a and tjp3).However,the 2%inulin did not modify the expression of plasma immune markers.Finally,inulin induced a negative effect on rainbow trout growth performance irrespective of the dietary carbohydrates.Conclusions With a 100%plant-based diet,inclusion of high levels of carbohydrates could be a promising way for fish nutrition in aquaculture through a protein sparing effect whereas the supplementation of 2%inulin does not appear to improve the use of CHO when combined with a 100%plant-based diet.

关键词： Aquaculture Fish nutrition Gut microbiota Immune markers Intermediary metabolism Inulin Prebiotic Rainbow trout Short-chain fatty acids

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Large contributions of emission reductions and meteorological conditions to the abatement of PM_(2.5)in Beijing during the 24th Winter Olympic Games in 2022

引用

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 172-188页

作者： Yaping Jiang Shaocai Yu Xue Chen Yibo Zhang Mengying Li Zhen Li Zhe Song Pengfei Li Xiaoye Zhang Eric Lichtfouse Daniel Rosenfeld Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health Ministry of EducationResearch Center for Air Pollution and HealthCollege of Environmental and Resource SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China College of Science and Technology Hebei Agricultural UniversityBaoding 071000China Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China Aix-Marseille Univ CNRSColl FranceCNRSIRDINRAEEuropole Mediterraneen de l’ArboisAvenue Louis Philibert13100 Aix en ProvenceFrance Xi’an Jiaotong University State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power EngineeringXi’an 710049China Institute of Earth Sciences The Hebrew University of JerusalemJerusalemIsrael

To guarantee the blue skies for the 2022 Winter Olympics held in Beijing and Zhangjiakou from February 4 to 20,Beijing and its surrounding areas adopted a series of emission control measures.This provides an opportunity to determine the impacts of large-scale temporary control measures on the air quality in Beijing during this special period.Here,we applied the WRF-CMAQ model to quantify the contributions of emission reduction measures and meteorological conditions.Results show that meteorological conditions in 2022 decreased PM_(2.5)in Beijing by 6.9 and 11.8μg/m^(3)relative to 2021 under the scenarios with and without emission reductions,respectively.Strict emission reduction measures implemented in Beijing and seven neighboring provinces resulted in an average decrease of 13.0μg/m^(3)(-41.2%)in PM_(2.5)in Beijing.Over the entire period,local emission reductions contributed more to good air quality in Beijing than nonlocal emission reductions.Under the emission reduction scenario,local,controlled regions,other regions,and boundary conditions contributed 47.7%,42.0%,5.3%,and 5.0%to the PM_(2.5)concentrations in Beijing,respectively.The results indicate that during the cleaning period with the air masses from the northwest,the abatements of PM_(2.5)were mainly caused by local emission reductions.However,during the potential pollution period with the air masses from the east-northeast and west-southwest,the abatements of PM_(2.5)were caused by both local and nonlocal emission reductions almost equally.This implies that regional coordinated prevention and control strategies need to be arranged scientifically and rationally when heavy pollution events are forecasted.

关键词： PM_(2.5) WRF-CMAQ Meteorological conditions Emission reductions Winter Olympic games

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

欢迎您,

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：

通借通还

欢迎您,

建议与咨询 留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

请选择保存的检索档案： 新增检索档案 确定 取消

请选择收藏分类： 新增自定义分类 确定 取消

通借通还

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：