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The Medicago truncatula Sucrose Transporter Family： Characterization and Implication of Key Members in Carbon Partitioning towards Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi

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Molecular Plant 2012年第6期5卷 1346-1358页

作者： Joan Doidy Diederik van Tuinen Olivier Lamotte Marion Corneillat Gerard Alcaraz Daniel Wipf umr inra 1347 Agrosup Universite de Bourgogne Agro~cologie P61e Interactions Plantes Microorganismes ERL CNRS 6300 BP 86510 21065 DijonCedex France

We identified de novo sucrose transporter （SUT） genes involved in long-distance transport of sucrose from photosynthetic source leaves towards sink organs in the model leguminous species Medicago truncatula. The iden- tification and functional analysis of sugar transporters provide key information on mechanisms that underlie carbon partitioning in plant-microorganism interactions. In that way, full-length sequences of the M. truncatula SUT （MtSUT） family were retrieved and biochemical characterization of MtSUT members was performed by heterologous expression in yeast. The MtSUT family now comprises six genes which distribute among Dicotyledonous clades. MtSUTI-1 and MtSUT4-1 are key members in regard to their expression profiles in source leaves and sink roots and were characterized as functional H~/sucrose transporters. Physiological and molecular responses to phosphorus supply and inoculation by the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus （AMF） Glomus intraradices was studied by gene expression and sugar quantification analyses. Sucrose represents the main sugar transport form in M. truncatula and the expression profiles of MtSUTI-1, MtSUT2, and MtSUT4-1 highlight a fine-tuning regulation for beneficial sugar fluxes towards the fungal symbiont. Taken together, these results suggest distinct functions for proteins from the SUT1, SUT2, and SUT4 clades in plant and in bio- trophic interactions.

关键词： sugar transport sucrose transporter SUT sugar partitioning Medicago truncatula Glomus intraradices.

Characterizing historical(1992–2010) transitions between grassland and cropland in mainland France through mining land-cover survey data

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2015年第8期14卷 1511-1523页

作者： Ying Xiao Catherine Mignolet Jean-Fran?ois Mari Marc Beno?t inra SAD UPR 055 ASTER 662 Avenue Louis BuffetMirecourt 88500 France Université de Lorraine LORIA UMR 7503Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy 54506 France

Grassland, as one of the largest ecosystems on the earth, supports various goods and services to ***, humans have increased agricultural output primarily by cropland expansion and agricultural *** cropland area was primarily gained at the expense of grassland and *** from grassland conversion, increasing consumption of calorie- and meat-intensive diets drives the intensification of livestock systems, which is shifting steadily from grazing to feeding with *** cope with the environmental degradation due to agriculture, various forms of ‘green payment＇ were implemented to promote the adoption of sustainable farming practices over the last two decades in the European *** aim of this study is to monitor the recent transitions（1992–2010） between grassland and cropland during two Common Agricultural Policy（CAP） reforms at the French mainland *** proposed an innovative approach to link grassland conversion to agricultural commodities and farming systems *** first assessed the grassland-to-cropland conversion and further investigated the crop sequence patterns that were observed to be dominant after the conversion through mining land-cover survey data Teruti and *** found the trends of the transitions between grassland and cropland over the two time intervals： The loss of grassland（1992–2003） and restoration or re-expansion of grassland（2006–2010） in mainland *** finding on the crop sequence patterns after the grassland conversion reveals two notable evolutions of agricultural production *** evolutions were related to the increase in the proportion of cropland in the total agricultural land *** evolution was most likely influenced by the demand for fodder： The conversion from grazing livestock to feeding *** evolution was the conversion from livestock production to field crop *** results indicate that the intensification of livestock farming systems

关键词： conversion crop sequence patterns land-cover survey agricultural land-use change

Assessment of Ecotoxicity of Topsoils from a Wood Treatment Site

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Pedosphere 2009年第2期19卷 143-155页

作者： M. MENCH C.BES umr BIOGECO inra 1202 Ecology of Communities University of Bordeaux 1 Bt B8 RdC Estgate 002Avenue des Facults F-33405 Talence (France) umr BIOGECO inra 1202 Ecology of CommunitiesUniversity of Bordeaux 1Bt B8 RdC Estgate 002 Avenue des Facults F-33405 Talence (France)

A series of 9 soil samples were taken at a timber treatment site in SW France where Cu sulphate and chromated copper arsenate （CCA） have been used as wood preservatives （Sites P1 to P9） and one soil sample was collected at an adjacent site on the same soil type （Site P10）. Copper was a major contaminant in all topsoils, varying from 65 （Soil P5） to 2600 mg Cu kg^-1 （Soil P7）, exceeding background values for French sandy soils. As and Cr did not accumulate in soil, except at Site P8 （52 mg As kg^-1 and 87 mg Cr kg^-1） where CCA-treated posts were stacked. Soil ecotoxicity was assessed with bioassays using radish, lettuce, slug Arion rufus L., and earthworm Dendrobaena octaedra （Savigny）. There were significantly differences in lettuce germination rate, lettuce leaf yield, radish root and leaf yields, slug herbivory, and earthworm avoidance. An additional bioassay showed higher negative impacts on bean shoot and root yields, Rhizobium nodule counts on Bean roots, and guaiacol peroxidase activity in primary Bean leaves for soil from Site PT, with and without fertilisation, than for soil from Site P10, despite both soils having a similar value for computed free ion Cu2＋ activity in the soil solution （pCu^2＋）. Beans grown in soil from Site P7 that had been fertilised showed elevated foliar Cu content and phytotoxic symptoms. Soils from Sites P7 （treatment plant） and P6 （storage of treated utility poles） had the highest ecotoxicity, whereas soil from Site P10 （high organic matter content and cation exchange capacity） had the lowest. Except at Site P10, the soil factor pCu^2＋ computed with soil pH and total soil Cu could be used to predict soil ecotoxicity.

关键词： contaminated soil copper ecotoxicity test invertebrate plant.

The ABA-Deficiency Suppressor Locus HAS2 Encodes the PPR Protein LOI1/MEF11 Involved in Mitochondrial RNA Editing

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Molecular Plant 2015年第4期8卷 644-656页

作者： Julien Sechet Camille Roux Anne Plessis Delphine Effroy Anne Frey Francois Perreau Catherine Biniek Anja Krieger-Liszkay David Macherel Helen M. North Hakim Mireau Annie Marion-Poll inra Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin UMR 1318 ERL CNRS 3559 Saclay Plant Sciences RD10 F-78026 Versailles France AgroParisTech Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin UMR 1318 ERL CNRS 3559 Saclay Plant Sciences RD10 F-78026 Versailles France CEA Saclay IBiTec-S CNRS UMR 8221 Serv Bioenerget Biol Struct & Mecanisme F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette France Universite d'Angers UMR IRHS 1345 INRA Agrocampus Ouest F-49045 Angers France Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin INRA Bat 2 F-78026 Versailles Cedex France Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin INRA Bat 7 F-78026 Versailles Cedex France Department of Biology New York University 1009 Main Building 100 Washington Square East New York NY 10003-6688 USA

The hotABA-deficiency suppressor2 （has2） mutation increases drought tolerance and the ABA sensitivity of stomata closure and seed germination. Here we report that the HAS2 locus encodes the MITOCHONDRIAL EDITING FACTOR11 （MEF11）, also known as LOVASTATIN INSENSITIVE1. has21mef11 mutants exhibited phenotypes very similar to the ABA-hypersensitive mutant, hail-1 pp2ca-1 hab 1-1 abil-2, which is impaired in four genes encoding type 2C protein phosphatases （PP2C） that act as upstream negative regulators of the ABA signaling cascade. Like pp2c, mef11 plants were more resistant to progressive water stress and seed germination was more sensitive to paclobutrazol （a gibberellin biosynthesis inhibitor） as well as mannitol and NaCI, compared with the wild-type plants. Phenotypic alterations in mef11 were associated with the lack of editing of transcripts for the mitochondrial cytochrome c maturation FN2 （cCmFN2） gene, which encodes a cytochrome c-heme lyase subunit involved in cytochrome c biogenesis. Although the abundance of electron transfer chain complexes was not affected, their dysfunction could be deduced from increased respiration and altered production of hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide in reef11 seeds. As minor defects in mitochondrial respiration affect ABA signaling, this suggests an essential role for ABA in mitochondrial retrograde regulation.

关键词： abscisic acid mitochondria pentatricopeptide repeat protein RNA editing drought tolerance germination

The Polycomb Complex PRC1:Composition and Function in Plants

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2013年第5期40卷 231-238页

作者： Anne Molitor Wen-Hui Shen Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes du CNRS Université de Strasbourg12 rue du Général Zimmer67084 StrasbourgFrance Institut J.-P.Bourgin UMR1318 INRA-AgroParisTechINRAroute de Saint Cyr78026 VersaillesFrance

Polycomb group（PcG） proteins are crucial epigenetic regulators conferring transcriptional memory to cell *** assemble into multi-protein complexes,e.g.,Polycomb Repressive Complex 1 and 2（PRC1,PRC2）,which are thought to act in a sequential manner to stably maintain gene ***2 induces histone H3 lysine 27（H3K27） trimethylation（H3K27me3）,which is subsequently read by PRCl that further catalyzes H2A monoubiquitination（H2Aub1）,creating a transcriptional silent chromatin ***2 components are conserved in plants and have been extensively characterized in *** contrast,PRCl composition and function are more diverged between animals and *** more recently,PRC1 existence in plants has been *** we review the aspects of plant specific and conserved PRC1 and highlight critical roles of PRC1 components in seed embryonic trait determinacy,shoot stem cell fate determinacy,and flower development in Arabidopsis.

关键词： Epigenetics Chromatin Histone modifications Polycomb PRC1 Arabidopsis development

Experimental evidence for heritable reproductive time in 2 allochronic populations of pine processionary moth

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Insect Science 2017年第2期24卷 325-335页

作者： Manuela Branco Maria-Rosa Paiva Helena Maria Santos Christian Burban Carole Kerdelhue Centro de Estudos Florestais (CEF) Instituto Superior de Agronomia (ISA) Universidade de Lisboa (ULisboa) 1349-017 Lisboa Portugal CENSE Faculty of Sciences and Technology (FCT) Universidade Nova de Lisboa (UNL) 2829-516 Caparica Portugal inra Centre de Bordeaux UMR1202 BIOGECO Cestas cedex France inra Centre de Montpellier UMR CBGP F-34988 Montferrier-sur-Lez cedex France

Phenology allows organisms to overcome seasonally variable conditions through life-cycle adjustment. Changes in phenology can drastically modify the evolutionary tra- jectory of a population, while a shift in the reproductive time may cause allochronic differentiation. The hypothesis of heritable reproductive time was experimentally tested, by studying a unique population of the pine processionary moth Thaumetopoeapityocampa （Den. ＆ Schiff.） which has a shifted phenology, and however co-occurs with the typical population following the classical life cycle. When populations of both types were reared under controlled conditions, the reproductive time was maintained asynchronous, as ob- served in the field. The shifted population was manipulated in the laboratory to reproduce later than usual, yet the offspring emerged in the next year at the expected dates thus ＂com- ing back＂ to the usual cycle. Hybrids from crosses performed between the 2 populations showed an intermediate phenology. From the emergence times of parents and offspring, a high heritability of the reproductive time （h = 0.76） was observed. The offspring ob- tained from each type of cross was genetically characterized using microsatellite markers. Bayesian clustering analysis confirmed that hybrids can he successfully identified and separated from the parental genetic classes by genotyping. Findings support the hypothesis that, for this particular population, incipient allochronic speciation is due to a heritable shift in the reproductive time that further causes assortative mating and might eventually cause ecological adaptation/maladaptation in response to environmental changes.

关键词： allochronic speciation experimental crossings heritability phenology reproductive isolation Thaumetopoeapityocampa

A Fuzzy-based Methodology for an Aggregative Environmental Risk Assessment of Restored Soil

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Pedosphere 2014年第2期24卷 220-231页

作者： WANG Shi-Zhong ZHAO Zhi-Hao XIA Bing QIU Hao J.L.MOREL QIU Rong-Liang School of Environmental Science and Engineering Sun Yat-sen University Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology Laboratoire Sols et Environnement UMR 1120 ENSAIA-INPL/INRA

Environmental risks pertaining to contaminated soils have been well studied,while little attention has been paid to the risks of the soils after remediation. In this study,a concept model developed based on fuzzy set theory was applied to evaluate the uncertainties of three risk indicators,namely,plant growth,groundwater safety and human health,of a restored site that had been previously polluted by heavy metals. The concept model classified the grade and importance of risk factors by an 11-level ranking system and was able to yield a comprehensive risk result rather than multi-risk results for complex risk indicators. Modeling results showed that the risks to the three indicators were effectively reduced after the remediation. Moreover,great sensitivity of the risks was found related to the weight distribution among the three risk indicators. In general,the risks of both polluted and restored soils to the environment were in the order of groundwater safety > plant growth > human health. The model was proved to solve the problems of multi-risk results due to complex risk indicators that previously encountered by other researchers,which made it helpful in decision-making and management of restored soils.

关键词： fuzzy set theory heavy metals remediated risk assessment weight distribution

Colon cancer-associated B2 Escherichia coli colonize gut mucosa and promote cell proliferation

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第21期20卷 6560-6572页

作者： Jennifer Raisch Emmanuel Buc Mathilde Bonnet Pierre Sauvanet Emilie Vazeille Amélie de Vallée Pierre Déchelotte Claude Darcha Denis Pezet Richard Bonnet Marie-Agnès Bringer Arlette Darfeuille-Michaud Clermont Université UMR1071 Inserm/Ud’Auvergne and INRA USC201863000 Clermont-FerrandFrance Centre Hospitalier Universitaire 63000 Clermont-FerrandFrance

AIM: To provide further insight into the characterization of mucosa-associated Escherichia coli (E. coli) isolated from the colonic mucosa of cancer patients.

关键词： B2 Escherichia coli Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 6 Cell proliferation Colon cancer Polyketide synthase genomic island

Applying FAIR Principles to Plant Phenotypic Data Management in GnpIS

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Plant Phenomics 2019年第1期1卷 15-29页

作者： C.Pommier C.Michotey G.Cornut P.Roumet E.Duchêne R.Flores A.Lebreton M.Alaux S.Durand E.Kimmel T.Letellier G.Merceron M.Laine C.Guerche M.Loaec D.Steinbach M.A.Laporte E.Arnaud H.Quesneville A.F.Adam-Blondon URGI INRAUniversit′e Paris-Saclay78026 VersaillesFrance AGAP Univ MontpellierCIRADINRAMontpellier SupAgroMontpellierFrance umr SVQV 28 rue de HerrlisheimB.P.2050768021 ColmarFrance Bioversity International parc Scientifique Agropolis II34397 Montpellier cedex 5France

GnpIS is a data repository for plant phenomics that stores whole field and greenhouse experimental data including environment *** allows long-term access to datasets following the FAIR principles:Findable,Accessible,Interoperable,and Reusable,by using a flexible and original *** is based on a generic and ontology driven data model and an innovative software architecture that uncouples data integration,storage,and *** takes advantage of international standards including the Crop Ontology,MIAPPE,and the Breeding *** allows handling data for a wide range of species and experiment types,including multiannual perennial plants experimental network or annual plant trials with either raw data,i.e.,direct measures,or computed *** also ensures the integration and the interoperability among phenotyping datasets and with genotyping *** is achieved through a careful curation and annotation of the key resources conducted in close collaboration with the communities providing *** repository follows the Open Science data publication principles by ensuring citability of each ***,GnpIS compliance with international standards enables its interoperability with other data repositories hence allowing data links between phenotype and other data *** can therefore contribute to emerging international federations of information systems.

关键词： stores hence Plant