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Overview and specifications of laser and target areas at the Intense Laser Irradiation Laboratory

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2021年第1期9卷 94-102页

作者： Leonida A.Gizzi Luca Labate Federica Baffigi Fernando Brandi Giancarlo Bussolino Lorenzo Fulgentini Petra Köster Daniele Palla Intense Laser Irradiation Laboratory(ILIL) Istituto Nazionale di Ottica-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche(INO-CNR)Sede Secondaria di Pisa56124 PisaItaly Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare(infn) Sezione di Pisa56127 PisaItaly

We present the main features of the ultrashort, high-intensity laser installation at the Intense Laser Irradiation Laboratory(ILIL) including laser, beam transport and target area specifications. The laboratory was designed to host laser–target interaction experiments of more than 220 TW peak power, in flexible focusing configurations, with ultrarelativistic intensity on the target. Specifications have been established via dedicated optical diagnostic assemblies and commissioning interaction experiments. In this paper we give a summary of laser specifications available to users,including spatial, spectral and temporal contrast features. The layout of the experimental target areas is presented, with attention to the available configurations of laser focusing geometries and diagnostics. Finally, we discuss radiation protection measures and mechanical stability of the laser focal spot on the target.

关键词： high-intensity laser laser focusing laser–plasma acceleration laboratory pointing stability radiation shielding ultrashort pulse amplification

Optical diagnostics for density measurement in high-quality laser-plasma electron accelerators

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2019年第2期7卷 40-50页

作者： Fernando Brandi Leonida Antonio Gizzi Intense Laser Irradiation Laboratory(ILIL) Istituto Nazionale di Ottica-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche(INO-CNR)Sede Secondaria di PisaVia Moruzzi156124PisaItaly Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare(infn) Sezione di PisaLargo Bruno PontecorvoLargoBruno Pontecorvo356127PisaItaly

Implementation of laser-plasma-based acceleration stages in user-oriented facilities requires the definition and deployment of appropriate diagnostic methodologies to monitor and control the acceleration process.An overview is given here of optical diagnostics for density measurement in laser-plasma acceleration stages,with emphasis on wellestablished and easily implemented approaches.diagnostics for both neutral gas and free-electron number density are considered,highlighting real-time measurement capabilities.Optical interferometry,in its various configurations,from standard two-arm to more advanced common-path designs,is discussed,along with spectroscopic techniques such as Stark broadening and Raman scattering.A critical analysis of the diagnostics presented is given concerning their implementation in laser-plasma acceleration stages for the production of high-quality GeV electron bunches.

关键词： gas target interferometry laser-plasma laser wake-field acceleration Raman scattering Stark broadening

Quantal symmetries in the non-linear σ model with Maxwell and non-Abelian Chern-Simons terms

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Chinese Physics C 2010年第5期34卷 535-538页

作者：王珂姜云国霍秋红 Department of Applied Physics Beijing University of Technology Department of Physics University of Pisa infn Sezione di PisaLargo Pontecorvo3.Ed.C56127 PisaItaly College of Materials Science and Engineering Beijing University of Technology

The quantal symmetry property of the CP1 nonlinear σ model with Maxwell non-Abelian ChernSimons terms in(2+1) dimension is studied.In the Coulomb gauge,the system is quantized by using the Faddeev-Senjanovic(FS) path-integral formalism.Based on the quantaum Noether theorem,the quantal conserved angular momentum is derived and the fractional spin at the quantum level in this system is presented.

关键词： non-linear sigma model non-Abelian Chern-Simons fractional spin

Exact and heuristic formulae to compute the geodetic height from the ellipse equation

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2024年第2期15卷 150-155页

作者： Mohamed Eleiche Ahmed Hamdi Mansi Construction Department Faculty of EngineeringEgyptian Russian UniversityCairoEgypt Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia Sezione di PisaPisaPlItaly

The conversion of the cartesian coordinates of a point to its geodetic equivalent coordinates in reference to the geodetic ellipsoid is one of the main challenges in geodesy.The ellipse equation in the meridian plane significantly influences the value of the geodetic coordinates.This research analyzes this influence and how it can contribute to their solutions.The study investigates the mathematical relation between them and presents an exact formula relating to the geodetic height and the ellipse equation.In addition,a heuristic formula for the relation between the geodetic height and the ellipse equation is proposed,which is independent of the geodetic latitude and has a relative accuracy better than 99.9 %.The calculation is stable,and the cost is low.

关键词： Ellipse equation Geodetic height Heuristic geodetic height

Orbital effects of Sun’s mass loss and the Earth’s fate

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Natural Science 2010年第4期2卷 329-337页

作者： Lorenzo Iorio infn-sezione di pisa

I calculate the classical effects induced by an isotropic mass loss of a body on the orbital motion of a test particle around it;the present analysis is also valid for a variation of the Newtonian constant of gravitation. I perturbatively obtain negative secular rates for the osculating semimajor axis a, the eccentricity e and the mean anomaly , while the argument of pericenter ω does not undergo secular precession, like the longitude of the ascending node Ω and the inclination I. The anomalistic period is different from the Keplerian one, being larger than it. The true orbit, instead, expands, as shown by a numerical integration of the equations of motion in Cartesian coordinates;in fact, this is in agreement with the seemingly counter-intuitive decreasing of a and e because they only refer to the osculating Keplerian ellipses which approximate the trajectory at each instant. By assuming for the Sun it turns out that the Earth's perihelion position is displaced outward by 1.3 cm along the fixed line of apsides after each revolution. By applying our results to the phase in which the radius of the Sun, already moved to the Red Giant Branch of the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram, will become as large as 1.20 AU in about 1 Myr, I find that the Earth's perihelion position on the fixed line of the apsides will increase by AU (for );other researchers point towards an increase of AU. Mercury will be destroyed already at the end of the Main Sequence, while Venus should be engulfed in the initial phase of the Red Giant Branch phase;the orbits of the outer planets will increase by AU. Simultaneous long-term numerical integrations of the equations of motion of all the major bodies of the solar system, with the inclusion of a mass-loss term in the dynamical force models as well, are required to check if the mutual N-body interactions may substantially change the picture analytically outlined here, especially in the Red Giant Branch phase in which Mercury and Venus may be removed from the integration.

关键词： Gravitation Stars Mass-Loss Celestial Mechanics

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中子的内部结构:来自BESIII的研究

Science Bulletin 2022年第6期67卷 557-560页

作者： Simone Pacetti Rinaldo Baldini Ferroli Andrea Bianconi Egle Tomasi-Gustafsson dipartimento di Fisica e Geologia and INFN Sezione di Perugia1-06123 PerugiaItaly Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati dell'infn 1-00044 FrascatiItaly dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Informazione Brescia1-25133 BresciaItaly INFN Sezione di Pavia1-27100 PaviaItaly DPhN IRFUCEAUniversitéParis-Saclay1-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette CedexFrance

The BESⅢCollaboration has recently published a new precise measurement of the time-like neutron form factor(FF)[1].In the light of the remarkable accuracy and of the wideness of the explored kinematical range,these data represent an unprecedented tool for highlighting and studying specific features of the neutron FF.Until a few years ago,the only available data were those obtained by the FENICE experiment at Frascati,in the’90s[2].

关键词： BESⅢ precise

CPT INVARIANCE TESTS IN NEUTRAL KAON DECAY

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Chinese Physics C 2016年第10期40卷 707-709页

作者： M. Antonelli LNF-infn, Frascati LNF-infn Frascati infn sezione di Napoli

CPT theorem is based on three assumptions： quantum field theory, locality, and Lorentz invariance, and thus it is a fundamental probe of our basic understanding of particle physics. Strangeness oscillation in K^0 -K^... 详细信息

关键词： CPT定理介子衰变 Lorentz 中性测试变性量子场论粒子物理

Numerical simulation of time delay interferometry for TAIJI and new LISA

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2019年第4期19卷 95-108页

作者： Gang Wang Wei-Tou Ni infn Gran Sasso Science Institute infn Sezione di PisaEdificio CLargo Bruno Pontecorvo National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics Wuhan Institute of Physics and MathematicsChinese Academy of Sciences

The success of LISA Pathfinder in demonstrating the LISA drag-free requirement paved the way for using space interferometers to detect low-frequency and middle-frequency gravitational waves(GWs). The TAIJI GW mission and the new LISA GW mission propose using an arm length of 3 Gm(1 Gm = 10~6 km) and an arm length of 2.5 Gm respectively. For a space laser-interferometric GW antenna,due to astrodynamical orbit variation, time delay interferometry(Tdi) is needed to achieve nearly equivalent equal-arms for suppressing the laser frequency noise below the level of optical path noise, acceleration noise, etc in order to attain the requisite sensitivity. In this paper, we simulate Tdi numerically for the TAIJI mission and the new LISA mission. To do this, we work out a set of 2200-day(6-year) optimized science orbits for each mission starting on 2028 March 22 using the CGC 2.7.1 ephemeris framework. Then we use the numerical method to calculate the residual optical path differences of the first-generation Tdi configurations and the selected second-generation Tdi configurations. The resulting optical path differences of the second-generation Tdi configurations calculated for TAIJI, new LISA and eLISA are well below their respective requirements for laser frequency noise cancelation. However, for the first-generation Tdi configurations, the original requirements need to be relaxed by 3 to 30 fold to be satisfied. For TAIJI and the new LISA, about one order of magnitude relaxation would be good and recommended; this could be borne on the laser stability requirement in view of recent progress in laser stability, or the GW detection sensitivities of the second-generation Tdis have to be used in the diagnosis of the observed data instead of the commonly used X, Y and Z Tdis.

关键词： gravitational waves methods:numerical techniques:interferometric

Intra-cycle depolarization of ultraintense laser pulses focused by off-axis parabolic mirrors

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2018年第2期6卷 141-148页

作者： Luca Labate Gianluca Vantaggiato Leonida A.Gizzi Istituto Nazionale di Ottica Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Pisa

A study of the structure of the electric and magnetic fields of ultraintense laser pulses focused by an off-axis parabolic mirror is reported. At first, a theoretical model is laid out, whose final equations integration allows the space and time structure of the fields to be retrieved. The model is then employed to investigate the field patterns at different times within the optical cycle, for off-axis parabola parameters normally employed in the context of ultraintense laser–plasma interaction experiments. The results show that nontrivial, complex electromagnetic field patterns are observed at the time at which the electric and magnetic fields are supposed to vanish. The importance of this effect is then studied for different laser polarizations, f numbers and off-axis angles.

关键词： laser-driven particle acceleration laser focusing off-axis parabolic mirrors ultrashort laser pulses