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Effect of Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsley) and Inorganic Fertilizers on Morpho-Agronomic Characteristics of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Grown on Oxisols in Democratic Republic of Congo

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2025年第1期16卷 64-75页

作者： Constantin Kalubi Nkongolo Georges Mupala Muyayabantu André Mbumba Kayombo Faculty of Agricultural Sciences Official University of Mbujimayi (UOM) Mbuji-Mayi Democratic Republic of Congo National Institute for Agricultural Studies and Research (inera) Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo

Rice (Oryza sativa) is becoming a staplefood in many regions of DR-Congo. However, its production is still limited to the North Eastern part of the country and grain yield is low. A study was carried out in the city of Mbujimayi located in the Central part of the DR-Congo to assess the effects of organic and inorganic fertilizers on morpho-agronomic characteristics of O. sativa. The trial was conducted during the 2021 agricultural season A using a completely randomized design with three replicates. The six treatments studied consisted of application of T. diversifolia biomass at a dose of 2 kg/4m2 (BFT − 2 kg), 4 kg/4 m2 (BFT − 4 kg), inorganic fertilizer consisting with NPK17-17-17 + Urea (46% N) at a combined dose of 80 g/4 m2 (NP), 1/2 of the combination (BFT − 2 kg + NP) and finally 1/2 of the combination (BFT − 4 kg + NP). The untreated plots were used as controls. Plants treated with 1/2 combination (BFT − 4 kg + NP), BFT – 4 kg, and NP showed similar height (100.93 cm, 99.03 cm, and 98.63 cm, respectively) that were significantly higher than control and other treatments [1/2 (BFT – 2 kg + NP, BFT – 2 kg] For agronomic characteristics, days to 50% flowering varied between 73.00 and 74 days with an average of 74 days. The control and BFT – 4 kg showed significantly shorter panicles compared to other treatments. For yield components, 1/2 (BFT – 4 kg + NP) and the NP treatments generated a higher weight of 1000 grains. For yield per hectare, 1/2 (BFT − 4 kg + NP) induced significantly different levels of production than the control and other treatments, including 1/2 (BFT – 2 kg + NP), BFT – 4 kg + NP, BFT – 2 kg, BFT – 4 kg. The correlation coefficients between agronomic traits revealed that with the exception of the length of particle and the abortion rates, all the yield components (panicles per plant, seeds per panicle, weight of 1000 grains, and grail yield per plot) were strongly correlated with grain yield per hectare.

关键词： Rice Fertilization Mineral Fertilizer Organic Fertilizer Yield

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Soil Fertility Improvement by Using Crotalaria Species Combined to Organic Amendment

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Open Journal of Soil Science 2025年第1期15卷 22-42页

作者： Pane Jeanne d’Arc Coulibaly Lassané Ouédraogo Abdoulaziz Sandwidi Barkissa Fofana Fanta Blagnan Tionyélé Fayama Badiori Ouattara Ousmane Boukari Diallo Dpartement Gestion des Ressources Naturelles et Systmes de Production (GRN-SP) Institut de lEnvironnement et de Recherches Agricoles (INERA)/Centre National de Recherche Scientifique et Technologique (CNRST) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Dpartement Environnement et Fort (DEF) Institut de lEnvironnement et de Recherches Agricoles (INERA)/Centre National de Recherche Scientifique et Technologique (CNRST) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Universit de Dori Universit Thomas Sankara Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

In Burkina Faso, agricultural land degradation, including soil fertility decline, has prompted the implementation of agricultural innovations to address this challenge. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the contribution of four Papilionaceous ecotypes in enhancing the fertility of degraded soils. Experiments were conducted in Noumousso and Arbollé from July to December 2024, using a randomized split-plot design combining ecotypes and organic matter and/or Burkina Phosphate amendments. Amendments were applied in four treatments: T0 (control), T1 (Organic Matter), T2 (OM + Burkina Phosphate), and T3 (BP). Determined physico-chemical properties were: particle size distribution, pH, carbon (C), nitrogen (Nt), total Phosphorus (Pt), available P (P_Bray), potassium (Kt), exchangeable bases (EB), cation exchange capacity (CEC), and saturation rate (SR). The evaluated agronomic parameter was total biomass. Results revealed that the soils at both sites were characterized by acidic sandy-clay texture and low levels of C, N, P, K, EB, and CEC. Cultivating papilionaceous and applying organo-mineral amendments contributed to increased levels of C, available P, and Mg2+, as well as improved SR. Acidity decreased at Arbollé, while showing a slight increase at Noumousso. Interaction between the two factors helped reduce acidity at both sites and significantly increased C, N, and available P contents. The organo-mineral amendment also enhanced biomass production across all ecotypes. At Noumousso, compared to T0, OM, OM + BP, and BP treatments resulted in biomass increases of 64.8%, 73.1%, and 38.6%, respectively. At Arbollé, the corresponding increases were 33.5%, 47%, and 23.4%. On both sites, OM + BP amendment had the greatest impact on improving biomass production, followed by organic amendment. These findings are of great importance to farmers for restoring the fertility of degraded soils. Therefore, the use of leguminous species in combination with organic matter enriched

关键词： Agricultural Innovations Burkina Phosphate Herbaceous Papilionaceous Organic Matter

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Farm Management Practices and Health Outcomes in Kourtheye District, Niger: A Focus on Climate Variability Impacts

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Agricultural Sciences 2025年第1期16卷 68-88页

作者： Idrissa Saidou Mahamadou Soumana Boubacar Adama Ouedraogo Department of Sociology and Rural Economics Faculty of Agronomy Abdou Moumouni University of Niamey Niamey Niger Laboratory of Analysis and Research in Sociology and Rural Economics (LARSER) Niamey Niger Institute of Environment and Agricultural Research (inera) Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso

Climate change is becoming a major issue for agriculture and the well-being of farmers. The objective of this article is to identify and analyze the production factors that may influence the competitiveness level of agricultural operations, as well as to establish a structural and functional typology of these farms. Using Principal component analysis (PCA) combined with hierarchical ascending classification (HAC) on 250 farmers, the study was able to set farms typology. Furthermore, variance analysis and econometric models (linear et quadratic) were also used for in-depth analysis. The results show the existence of three groups of farm (GA, GB, GC): GA (19.7%), GB (65.3%), and GC (15%). Drought spells and flood are the main climatic risks affecting rain-fed farm operations. For irrigated crops such as rice, the major constraints remain bird attacks, the invasion of pests and nematodes. Climate variability significantly increases the prevalence of morbidities in the region by raising the number of inactive individuals. This significantly and differentially affects the outcomes of these assets. Health expenditures represent a significant share (GB: 12% and GC: 11%) and a non-negligible share (GA: 8.4%). However, larger participations (GC) show better economic performance due to economies of scale, but all categories would benefit from adopting appropriate strategies to reduce losses and increase their resilience.

关键词： Farm Management Kourtheye Climate Change

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Soil carbon and nitrogen dynamics linked to Piliostigma species in ferugino-tropical soils in the Sudano-Sahelian zone of Burkina Faso, West Africa

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Journal of Forestry Research 2013年第1期24卷 99-108页

作者： Barthélémy Yélémou Sidzabda Djibril Dasmane Bambara Georges Yaméogo Salawu Assimi Environmental and Agricultural Research Institute (inera) Program of Natural Resources Management/ Production SystemBP 10 KoudougouBurkina Faso Dayamba Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique INERADépartement Productions Forestières BP 10 KoudougouBurkina Faso Environmental and Agricultural Research Institute (inera) 01 BP 476 OuagadougouBurkina Faso Environmental and Agricultural Research Institute (inera) CTIG 01 BP 476 Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Environmental and Agricultural Research Institute (inera) Laboratory of Forest Microbiology01 BP 476 OuagadougouBurkina Faso

In the Sudano-Sahelian zone of Burkina Faso, Piliostigma reticulatum （DC） Hochst and Piliostigma thonningii （Schumach） are precursor species of fallow land colonization and they are used by rural villagers. The present study aimed to assess the contribution of Piliostigma species to soil quality improvement. We quantified organic carbon, total nitrogen, soil microbial biomass, soil basal respiration and metabolic quotient from soil samples taken under and outside Piliostigma canopies. We used one-way ANOVA to test for differences in the above parameters between locations （beneath and outside Piliostigma canopies）. We recorded increased total organic carbon under Piliostigma from 31%–105% and in total nitrogen from 23%–66%. Microbial biomass was 13%–266% higher beneath canopies as compared to outside canopies. Basal respiration was also higher beneath canopies. The chemical elements varied by class of soil texture. Metabolic quotient （qCO2） was significantly correlated to clay （r = 0.80） and silt （r = 0.79） content. Piliostigma stands produced abundant litter due to their leaf biomass. Thus, they contribute to improved total organic carbon and total nitrogen content in the different phytogeographic zones and improve soil fertility.

关键词： Piliostigma phytogeographic zone soil carbon nitrogen microbial biomass

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Effects of Continuous Mineral and Organic Fertilizer Inputs and Ploughing on Groundnut Yield and Soil Fertility in a Groundnut-Sorghum Rotation in Central Burkina Faso

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A) 2011年第3X期1卷 335-343页

作者： E. Compaore P. Cattan J. B. S. Taonda inera Farako-Bd Agricultural Research Station 01 B.P. 910 Bobo-Dioulasso 01 Burkina Faso inera Center for Environment and Agricultural Research and Training Kamboinse 01B.P. 476 Ouagadougou 01 BurkinaFaso CIRAD Neufchateau-Sainte-Marie Research Station Capesterre-Belle-Eau 97130 France

Two field experiments were conducted at Saria in the centre of Burkina Faso in order to assess the effect of chemical and organic fertilizers on yields and soil fertility on two different soils. Groundnut haulm yield, pod yield, number of pods, % 2-seeded pods, % pod rot, seed yield and 100 seeds weight as well as sorghum dry shoot and grain yields were measured. Most of the different variables were affected by continuous cropping without fertilizer application on the two soils, in particular on the coarse one. The effect of nutrient deficiencies was observed. The mineral fertilizers maintained yields, but their supply was not able to replenish the nutrient uptake by plants. The effect of compost on crop production was initially minimal, but improved during years seven and height. Tillage had also a slightly positive effect on yield, which varied with soil type. In the control plot, the content of organic matter decreased in five years and did not increase with the application of fertilizers. In contrast, addition of fertilizers increased total N and Bray-I P. Nitrogen, P, K and Ca balances were negative in almost all treatments without mineral fertilizers. Results showed that fertilizers used were inadequate for maintaining soil fertility and yields in long run. However, extra production did not provide significant profits.

关键词： Groundnut-sorghum rotation mineral and organic fertilizers soil fertility yields.

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Herbicidal Activity of Chlorimuron-ethyl （107 g/kg） Associated with Metribuzin （643 g/kg） on Sugar Cane Weeds and Its Effects on Soil Agrochemical Properties, in Burkina Faso

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(B) 2015年第9期4卷 501-512页

作者： Kambou Georges Ouattara Boubakar Department of Crop Production Inera Farakoba Research Laboratory Bobo-Dioulasso 403 Burkina Faso

The efficiency and selectivity of chlorimuron-ethyl （107 g/kg） associated with metribuzin （643 g/kg）, against weeds which causes big damages to sugar cane, have been studied on the sugar cane field of Beregadougou. The experimental design was a Latin rectangle with eight treatments in four replications including an untreated control, manual weeding, a control product （Trifloxysulfuron-sdium 1.85% ＋ Ametryn 73.15%） and five rates of chlorimuron-ethyl associated with metribuzin. Weeds counting and weighing their dry biomass have been done using 0.25 m2 quadrants to determine their biological efficiencies. The soil nitrogen nitrate and assimilable phosphorus contents were evaluated on a spectrophotometer, those of available potassium on a flame photometer. The biological efficiency coefficients of this herbicide, varied from 12.41% to 100%, according to their dry biomass. High rates, phytotoxics, showed the best coefficients. At the sugar cane complete maturation, the higher rates of imposter led to an accumulation of nitrogen nitrate content and lower available phosphorus and potassium contents, compared to the untreated control. The rate of 1.20 kg/ha became the dose to apply against weeds and less toxic to the soil.

关键词： Chlorimuron-ethyl metribuzin weeds agrochemical properties sugar cane.

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Characterization of Atypical Individuals of Lannea in Burkina Faso

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2023年第7期14卷 782-792页

作者： Kadidia Semdé Hadou Haro Souleymane Ganaba Institute of Environment and Agricultural Research/Environment and Forests Department (inera/DEF) University of Nazi Boni Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Institute of Environment and Agricultural Research/Environment and Forests Department (inera/DEF) University Joseph Ki-Zerbo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Background and Objectives: The species to the Lannea genus are trees, shrubs with compound leaves. Thus, individuals called atypical Lannea with single leaves and of socio-economic interests have been identified in the central plateau region (Burkina Faso). This study aimed to contribute to the identification of atypical species. Material and Methods: The Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) method using specific primers was performed and consisted of extracting DNA from young leaves of Lannea individuals, amplifying and then sequencing portions of discriminating DNA (matK, rbcL and rps16). Results: It was shown that individuals belong to the Lannea genus, but are subdivided into three subgroups: a first subgroup containing Lannea microcarpa and two subgroups with no previously identified Lannea species. Conclusion: These atypical individuals are ecotypes or mutants of Lannea microcarpa.

关键词： Characterization Lannea Atypical Individuals Agrosystems Polymerase Chain Reaction

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Influence of Host Plants on the Development of Caryedon serratus Olivier (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae, Bruchinae), Insect Pest of Groundnut Stocks in Burkina Faso

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Advances in Entomology 2016年第5期4卷 279-292页

作者： Issoufou Ouedraogo Sacamba Aimé Omer Hema Wendgoundi Guenda Dona Dakouo inera/Station de Farako-Ba Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso UFR-SVT Université de Ouagadougou Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

The beetle Caryedon serratusOlivier is a major insect pest responsible for the infesta-tion and damage on groundnut during storage. To understand the infestation mecha-nism of groundnut stocks, studies have been carried out on this insect biology under laboratory conditions in relation with its host plants. The results have demonstrated that the pre-oviposition on groundnut lasts on average 1.28 days. The oviposition pe-riod is 12.04 days, during which 80.42 eggs on average are laid. From hatching to adult stage, C. serratus larvae development goes through four stages with variable durations according to the stage. Three families of host plants (Papilionaceae;Caesalpiniaceae and Mimosaceae) were selected for females C. serratusto lay on their seeds. The re-sults showed that more eggs were laid on the seeds of Papilionaceae (98.75% of in-fested seeds) followed by Caesalpiniaceae (28.59% of infested seeds). Studies were carried out on the laying behavior of C. serratus under laboratory conditions and have revealed that whatever the conditions, C. serratus females lay on all the plant species seeds exposed. Insects’ development duration has varied according to the plant species seeds used.

关键词： Groundnut Storage Caryedon serratus Biology Burkina Faso

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Bioecology of Phonoctonus lutescens(Guérin Meneville and Percheron)Predator of Dysdercus voëlkeri(Schmidt,1932),Feeding on Dysdercus voëlkeri in the Laboratory Conditions in Burkina Faso

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Agricultural Sciences 2020年第5期11卷 472-486页

作者： Sow Issa Hema S.A.Omer Sanon Antoine Hema Tiemogo inera/Programme Coton Station de Farako-BaBobo-DioulassoBurkina Faso UFR-SVT Universitéde OuagadougouOuagadougouBurkina Faso

The study was conducted at the agricultural experimental station of Farako-Bâ, specifically in the Cotton Program. Insects were collected in Farako-Bâ?field and raised in the Cotton Program. Dysdercus voëkeri Schmidt is one of cotton cultivation main pests in Burkina Faso. The control of this devastating cotton bug is based on chemical using. For researching alternative solutions, a part of the biological control method was investigated by using Phonoctonus lutescens which is D. vöelkeri natural enemy, in order to develop a biological control method. To understand the bioecology of P. lutescens, our study has been carried out on this insect under laboratory conditions when it was feed on its prey which is D. voëkeri. The results have demonstrated that the pre-copulation period is 9.33 ± 2.14 days. The oviposition period is 6.97 ± 1.47 days, after which 366.73 ± 27.43 eggs on average are laid with 92.33% ± 4% hatchability. From hatching to adult stage, P. lutescens larvae development goes through five stages with variable durations according to the stage. The results showed that the development cycle lasted 57.23 ± 5.81 days at a temperature of 27.5°C ± 2°C and a relative humidity of 42% ± 3%. Survival rates ranged from 92% to 97.47%. Males and females lived respectively 87.5 ± 27.99 days and 107.97 ± 24.21 days. These results could permit a better use of P. lutescens through a mass rearing and an optimization of D. voëkeri biological control.

关键词： Cotton Biological Control Phonoctonus lutescens Dysdercus vo?lkeri Burkina Faso

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Simulation of Growth and Leaf Area Index of Quality Protein Maize Varieties in the Southwestern Savannah Region of the DR-Congo

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2019年第6期10卷 976-986页

作者： Jean Pierre Kabongo Tshiabukole Roger Kizungu Vumilia Gertrude Pongi Khonde Jean Claude Lukombo Lukeba Amand Mbuya Kankolongo Antoine Mumba Djamba Kabwe K. C. Nkongolo Programme National Mais INERA Mvuazi RD-Congo Université Pédagogique Nationale Kinshasa RD-Congo Direction Scientifique Biométrie et Expérimentation INERA DG & Université de Kinshasa Kinshasa RD-Congo Département des Sciences Biologiques Université Laurentienne Sudbury Canada

Logistic and exponential approaches have been used to simulate plant growth and leaf area index (LAI) in different growing conditions. The objective of the present study was to develop and evaluate an approach to simulate maize LAI that expresses key physiological and phonological processes using a minimum entry requirement for Quality Protein maize (QPM) varieties grown in the southwestern region of the DR-Congo. Data for the development and testing of the model were collected manually in experimental plots using a non-destructive method. Simulation results revealed measurable variations between crop seasons (long season A and short season B) and between the two varieties (Mudishi-1 and Mudishi-3) for height, number of visible leaves, and LAI. For both seasons, Mudishi-3, a short stature variety was associated with expected stable yield based on simulation data. In general, the model simulated reliably all the parameters including the LAI. The LAI value for mudishi-1 was higher than that of Mudishi-3. There were significant differences among the model parameters (K, Ti, a, b, Tf) and between the two varieties. In all crop conditions studied and for the two varieties, the senescence rate (a) was higher, while the growth rate (b) was lower compared to the estimates based on the STICS model.

关键词： Modeling Simulation Climate Change Leaf Area Index Quality Protein Maize inera RD-Congo

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