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A generalized synthesis method for freestanding multiferroic twodimensional layered supercell oxide films via a sacrificial buffer layer

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Nano Research 2023年第7期16卷 10559-10566页

作者： Jianan Shen Benson Kunhung Tsai Ke Xu Anyu Shang James PBarnard Yizhi Zhang Rahul Tripathi Zhihong Chen Xinghang Zhang Haiyan Wang School of Materials Engineering Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIndiana 47907USA Elmore Family School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIndiana 47907USA Birck Nanotechnology Center Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIndiana 47907USA

Multiferroics are an intriguing family of materials due to the simultaneous presence of two ferroic orderings,namely,ferroelectricity and *** are scientifically and technologically important and have numerous potential applications,such as four-state logic memories and multiferroic tunneling ***,the growth of epitaxial singlephase multiferroic thin films typically requires single crystalline oxide substrates,which hinders their future integration with Sibased *** this study,we report a generalized synthesis method that uses the polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS)-assisted wetetching method with an Sr_(3)Al_(2)O_(6)(SAO)sacrificial layer to transfer freestanding single-phase multiferroic Bi_(2)NiMnO_(6)(BNMO)films from conventional SrTiO_(3)(STO)substrates onto a Si *** structures and properties of the films have been characterized before and after the *** transferred films possess good multiferroic properties on Si wafers,indicating full compatibility with modern Si *** method can be generally applicable to other Bi-based multiferroic materials as ***,the original STO substrates after the transfer process have been recycled for preparing new batches of freestanding BNMO films,indicating a low-cost and sustainable method for manufacturing large-volume freestanding complex oxide thin films.

关键词： multiferroics freestanding films wet-transfer SAO sacrificial layer recyclable substrates sustainable

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Emerging Devices Based on Two-Dimensional Monolayer Materials for Energy Harvesting

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Research 2019年第1期2019卷 283-298页

作者： Feng Ru Fan Wenzhuo Wu School of Industrial Engineering Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIndiana 47907USA Flex Laboratory Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIndiana 47907USA Birck Nanotechnology Center Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIndiana 47907USA

Two-dimensional(2-D)materials of atomic thickness have attracted considerable interest due to their excellent electrical,optoelectronic,mechanical,and thermal properties,which make them attractive for electronic devices,sensors,and energy *** the otherwise wasted energy from the ambient environment into electrical power holds promise to address the emerging energy needs,in particular for the portable and wearable *** versatile properties of 2-D materials together with their atomically thin body create diverse possibilities for the conversion of ambient *** present review focuses on the recent key advances in emerging energy-harvesting devices based on monolayer 2-D materials through various mechanisms such as photovoltaic,thermoelectric,piezoelectric,triboelectric,and hydrovoltaic devices,as well as progress for harvesting the osmotic pressure and Wi-Fi wireless *** representative achievements regarding the monolayer heterostructures and hybrid devices are also ***,we provide a discussion of the challenges and opportunities for 2-D monolayer material-based energy-harvesting devices in the development of self-powered electronics and wearable technologies.

关键词： harvesting ambient versatile

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Towards rapid and automated vulnerability classification of concrete buildings

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2023年第2期22卷 309-332页

作者： Lissette Iturburu Jean Kwannandar Shirley J.Dyke Xiaoyu Liu Xin Zhang Julio Ramirez Lyles School of Civil Engineering Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47907United States School of Mechanical Engineering Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47907United States

With the overwhelming number of older reinforced concrete buildings that need to be assessed for seismic vulnerability in a city,local governments face the question of how to assess their building *** leveraging engineering drawings that are stored in a digital format,a well-established method for classification reinforced concrete buildings with respect to seismic vulnerability,and machine learning techniques,we have developed a technique to automatically extract quantitative information from the drawings to classify *** this technique,stakeholders will be able to rapidly classify buildings according to their seismic vulnerability and have access to information they need to prioritize a large building *** approach has the potential to have significant impact on our ability to rapidly make decisions related to retrofit and improvements in our *** the Los Angeles County alone it is estimated that several thousand buildings of this type *** Hassan index is adopted here as the method for automation due to its simple application during the classification of the vulnerable reinforced concrete *** paper will present the technique used for automating information extraction to compute the Hassan index for a large building inventory.

关键词： object detection segmentation U-Net vulnerability hazards earthquakes reinforced concrete building inventories and databases

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Gender and Race Differences in Mental Health and Well-Being Among Older Americans During the COVID-19 Pandemic

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2024年第2期15卷 239-250页

作者： Dongjuan Xu Nasreen Lalani Yitong Wang School of Nursing Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47907USA Center on Aging and the Life Course Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47907USA

The objectives of this study were to investigate(1) gender and race differences in mental health and psychological wellbeing among older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic and(2) whether there were significant interaction effects between gender and race. This study used the National Health and Aging Trends Study(NHATS) and COVID-19 public use data files. It focused on mental health and psychological well-being, including loneliness, no time to yourself, poor sleep quality, anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD). The sample consisted of 2465 older adults, and multivariate logistic and linear regression models were adopted for the analysis. The results show that approximately two out of five older people(43%) experienced poor sleep, followed by loneliness(35%), anxiety(30%), depression(23%), and no time to themselves(11%). The average PTSD score was 11. Mental health and psychological well-being varied by gender and race. There were significant interaction effects on anxiety and depression between females and Black older adults. Black females reported lower levels of anxiety and depressive symptoms than Black males, although the differences were not statistically significant. Black older adults were more likely to experience PTSD but less likely to feel lonely and have poorer sleep than their White counterparts. Female older adults reported poorer mental health and psychological well-being than males, except for Black females. Black females had the lowest levels of anxiety, depression, loneliness, and highest quality of sleep among all females of different ethnic and racial origins.

关键词： COVID-19 Gender Mental health Older adults Psychological well-being Race and ethnicity United States

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Predictions of decreased surface roughness after shot peening using controlled media dimensions

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2020年第23期58卷 120-129页

作者： Siavash Ghanbari David F.Bahr School of Materials Engineering Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN47907USA

Shot peening induces residual compressive stresses on metallic substrates, often used to decrease fatigue crack growth. The relationship between surface roughness and the magnitude of the stress can be affected by peening media size or the extent of peening. Generally, an ideal condition from shot peening would be a high compressive residual stress and a low surface roughness, but these tend to be inversely *** study proposes a method for decreasing roughness and increasing residual stress concurrently using a distribution of shot sizes in a single shot peening passage based on finite element modeling that has been calibrated using by experimental results. Numerical models predict mixed shot sizes will create a smoother surface than using monodispersed shot at 100 % coverage. The residual stress profile for mixed shot sizes showed a broad range of compressive residual stresses in comparison with the largest impact ball size. This newly proposed method can improve the surface quality and the extent of the compressive residual stresses in a single-shot peening passage.

关键词： Numerical analysis Shot peening Roughness

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Structural-Nanomechanical Property Correlation of Shallow Water Shrimp （Pandalus platyceros） Exoskeleton at Elevated Temperature

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2014年第3期11卷 360-370页

作者： Devendra Verma Vikas Tomar School of Aeronautics and Astronautics Purdue University West Lafayette IN 47907 USA

This investigation reports the nanomechanical properties of shallow water shrimp exoskeleton at temperatures ranging from 30 ℃ to 80 ℃ measured using nanoindentation experiments. Scanning Electron Microscopy （SEM） measurements suggest that the shrimp exoskeleton has the Bouligand structure in its layers, a key characteristic of the crustaceans. The thickness of the layers and packing density are found to be different from that of lobsters and crabs reported earlier in the literature. Mechanical properties at high temperatures are determined using micro materials nanoindentation test set up combined with the hot stage. The properties measured during nanoindentation test are corrected for the creep and thermal drift during the experiments. The reduced modulus values are found to be around 28 GPa at 30 ℃ that reduces to approximately 24 GPa at 80 ℃. The hardness values also decrease from 1.6 GPa at 30 ℃ to around 1.2 GPa at 80 ℃. The indentation size effect is found to be absent at all temperatures. Creep mechanisms of polymers like materials and its temperature dependence are discussed to give more insight into the deformation mechanism.

关键词： fresh water shrimp nanomechanics temperature dependence creep mechanism

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The substrates of Plk1, beyond the functions in mitosis

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Protein & Cell 2010年第11期1卷 999-1010页

作者： X.Shawn Liu Bing Song Xiaoqi Liu Department of Biochemistry Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIndiana 47907USA Department of Biological Sciences Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIndiana 47907USA Center for Cancer Research Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIndiana 47907USA

Polo-like kinase 1(Plk1)is a key regulator of cell division in eukaryotic *** this short review,we briefly summarized the well-established functions modulated by Plk1 during *** mitosis,we focused mainly on the unexpected processes in which Plk1 emerges as a critical player,including microtubule dynamics,DNA replication,chromosome dynamics,p53 regulation,and recovery from the G2 DNA-damage *** discussion is mainly based on the critical substrates targeted by Plk1 during these cellular events and the functional significance associated with each phosphorylation event.

关键词： Polo-like kinase 1 phosphorylation substrates

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Mapping microstructure to shock-induced temperature fields using deep learning

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npj Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 516-523页

作者： Chunyu Li Juan Carlos Verduzco Brian H.Lee Robert J.Appleton Alejandro Strachan School of Materials Engineering Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47907USA

The response of materials to shock loading is important to planetary science,aerospace engineering,and energetic *** activated processes,including chemical reactions and phase transitions,are significantly accelerated by energy localization into *** result from the interaction of the shockwave with the materials’microstructure and are governed by complex,coupled processes,including the collapse of porosity,interfacial friction,and localized plastic *** mechanisms are not fully understood and the lack of models limits our ability to predict shock to detonation transition from chemistry and microstructure *** demonstrate that deep learning can be used to predict the resulting shock-induced temperature fields in composite materials obtained from large-scale molecular dynamics simulations with the initial microstructure as the only *** accuracy of the Microstructure-Informed Shock-induced Temperature net(MISTnet)model is higher than the current state of the art and its evaluation requires a fraction of the computation cost.

关键词： microstructure Microstructure friction

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Flash sintering incubation kinetics

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npj Computational Materials 2020年第1期6卷 850-857页

作者： K.S.N.Vikrant Han Wang Aniruddha Jana Haiyan Wang R.Edwin García School of Materials Engineering Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47907USA School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47907USA

The microstructural mechanisms leading to onset of the flash sintering are demonstrated experimentally and theoretically for Yttria Stabilized Zirconia,*** regimes leading to flash event are identified:(1)Radiation-dominated regime,where the oven controls the heating of the sintered sample,and a small subset of particle-particle contacts and surfaces of the green body define percolative paths for the charge to flow along and across the interfaces;(2)Transition regime,where charge transport is suppressed across particle contact misorientations and deflects to surficial and small angle particle contact *** a result,internal Joule heating takes over externally-driven radiation ***,(3)Percolative regime,where the concentration of oxygen vacancies drastically increases at particle contacts,surfaces,and triple junctions,and enables charge to flow through multiple paths,generating large amounts of Joule heating,resulting in the onset of a flash *** validated theory sets the stage to rationalize the microstructural evolution and charge transport on a ceramic green body during flash sintering.

关键词： flash Flash regime

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Advanced Thin Film Cathodes for Lithium Ion Batteries

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Research 2020年第1期2020卷 486-509页

作者： Zhimin Qi Haiyan Wang School of Materials Engineering Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47907USA School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIndiana 47907USA

Binder-free thin film cathodes have become a critical basis for advanced high-performance lithium ion batteries for lightweight device applications such as all-solid-state batteries,portable electronics,and flexible ***,these thin film electrodes generally require modifications to improve the electrochemical *** overview summarizes the current modification approaches on thin film cathodes,where the approaches can be classified as single-phase nanostructure designs and multiphase nanocomposite *** representative advancements of different modification approaches are also ***,this review discusses the existing challenges regarding the thin film *** review also discusses the future research directions and needs towards future advancement in thin film cathode designs for energy storage needs in advanced portable and personal electronics.

关键词： film portable Cathode

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