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Bio-dissolution of pyrite by Phanerochaete chrysosporium

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Transactions of Nonferrous metals Society of China 2018年第4期28卷 766-774页

作者： Hong-ying YANG Qian LIU Guo-bao CHEN Lin-lin TONG Auwalu ALI School of metallurgy Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Centre for WEEE recycling Shanghai Polytechnic UniversityShanghai 201209China

The dissolution of pyrite was studied with Phanerochaete chrysosporium(***).This fungus resulted in the dissolution of 18%iron and 33%*** oxidization layer was formed on the pyrite surface,which probably consisted of iron oxide,iron oxy-hydroxide,iron sulfate,elemental sulfur and *** electrochemical characteristics of pyrite were studied in the systems without and with *** could accelerate the dissolution of pyrite by decreasing pitting potential and polarization resistance plus improving polarization current,corrosion potential and corrosion current *** dissolution of pyrite is the combined effect of enzymes,hydrogen peroxide,ferric iron and organic *** attack the chemical bonds by free *** acids dissolve pyrite by acidolysis and *** and hydrogen peroxide play an essential role in this process.

关键词： Phanerochaete chrysosporium pyrite bio-dissolution Carlin-type gold ores electrochemistry

THERMODYNAMIC STUDY OF CHROMITE CAUSTIC FUSION process

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Acta metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2001年第1期14卷 47-55页

作者： S.L. Zheng and Y. Zhang (Institute of Chemical metallurgy, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China) Institute of Chemical metallurgy the Chinese Academy of Sciences

A new method for chromate cleaning production, named chromite caustic fusion process, is advanced by Institute of Chemical metallurgy, the Chinese Academy of Sciences. With sodium hydroxide as reaction medium, the new process is composed of three procedures: liquid phase oxidation of chromite, metastable phase separation and carbonation ammonium transition. Generally illustrating the new process and its features, this paper mainly studies the thermodynamics of chromite oxidation. The new process has much better practical results than the conventional chromate production process in which sodium carbonate is used as reaction medium. The superiority is also shown through thermodynamic studies.

关键词： Melting Oxidation recycling Sodium compounds Thermodynamics

Supergravity separation of Pb and Sn from waste printed circuit boards at different temperatures

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International Journal of Minerals,metallurgy and Materials 2018年第2期25卷 173-180页

作者： Long Meng Zhe Wang Yi-wei Zhong Kui-yuan Chen Zhan-cheng Guo State Key Laboratory of Advanced metallurgy University of Science and Technology Beijing

Printed circuit boards（PCBs） contain many toxic substances as well as valuable metals, e.g., lead（Pb） and tin（Sn）. In this study, a novel technology, named supergravity, was used to separate different mass ratios of Pb and Sn from Pb–Sn alloys in PCBs. In a supergravity field, the liquid metal phase can permeate from solid particles. Hence, temperatures of 200, 280, and 400°C were chosen to separate Pb and Sn from PCBs. The results depicted that gravity coefficient only affected the recovery rates of Pb and Sn, whereas it had little effect on the mass ratios of Pb and Sn in the obtained alloys. With an increase in gravity coefficient, the recovery values of Pb and Sn in each step of the separation process increased. In the single-step separation process, the mass ratios of Pb and Sn in Pb–Sn alloys were 0.55, 0.40, and 0.64 at 200, 280, and 400°C, respectively. In the two-step separation process, the mass ratios were 0.12 and 0.55 at 280 and 400°C, respectively. Further, the mass ratio was observed to be 0.76 at 400°C in the three-step separation process. This process provides an innovative approach to the recycling mechanism of Pb and Sn from PCBs.

关键词： printed circuit boards supergravity separation recovery Pb–Sn alloy gravity coefficient

Enhanced electrodeposition and separation of metallic Cr from soluble K2CrO4 on a liquid Zn cathode

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2020年第1期29卷 204-211,I0007页

作者： Wei Weng Zhi Wang Zhancheng Guo Shuqiang Jiao Mingyong Wang State Key Laboratory of Advanced metallurgy University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China School of Resource and Environmental Sciences Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and EnergyWuhan UniversityWuhan 430072HubeiChina Key Laboratory of Green process and Engineering National Engineering Laboratory for Hydrometallurgical Cleaner Production TechnologyInstitute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

Carbon contamination and the formation of low-valence oxides limit the preparation of refractory metals by molten salt *** this paper,a liquid Zn cathode is adopted for the electrochemical reduction of soluble K2CrO4 to metallic Cr in CaCl2-KCl molten *** is found that CrO4^2-can be directly electrochemically reduced to Cr via a six-electron-transfer step and low-valence Cr oxides is hardly *** reduction rate is obviously increased from 16.7 mgCrh^-1cm^-2 on the solid Mo cathode to58.7 mgCrh-1cm-2on liquid Zn *** electrodeposited Cr is distributed in liquid Zn *** contamination is effectively avoided due to the negligible solubility of carbon in the liquid Zn ***,Cr can be effectively separated and enriched to the bottom of liquid Zn under supergravity field,realizing the efficient acquisition of metallic Cr and recycling of liquid *** method herein provides a promising route for the preparation of refractory metals with high-purity by molten salt electrolysis.

关键词： Molten salt electrolysis Liquid Zn cathode Carbon contamination K2CrO4 metallic Cr

recycling of Spent Nickel-Cadmium Batteries

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International Journal of Minerals,metallurgy and Materials 2000年第2期14卷 126-131页

作者： Xanghua Kong Pingnan Wu(metallurgy School, university of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, china) metallurgy School University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China

A technique for recycling spent nickel-cadmium batteries, which makes separaion of cadmium and nickel possible, is developed by laboratory-scale experiments. NH3-H2CO3 aqueous solution was used in this leaching technique. Since neutralization and/or solvent extraction were not required in the separation procedure of nickel and cadmium, the closed systemizaion of the process becomespossible. Experimental results show that, (1) if the NH3 concentraion of leaching solution is sufficiently high and the ratio of H2CO3 toNH3 is properly adjusted, both Ni(OH)2 and Cd(OH)2 react with NH, and quickly dissolve into leaching solution, and (2) Ni(OH)2 can beconverted into insoluble NiO by calcination at 500℃, and CdO from Cd(OH)2 by calcination maintains good solubility in NH3-H2CO3aqueous solution. As a conclusion, the recycling technique characterized by two step leaching can be developed based on such changesin dissolution behavior by calcination. Meanwhile, the yields of 99.8% for nickel and 97.6% for cadmium are obtained, and the puritiesof recycling of Spent Nickel-Cadmium Batterierecycling of Spent Nickel-Cadmium Batteries recycling of Spent Nickel-Cadmium Batteriesrecovered nickel and cadmium are 99.9% and 98.6%, respectively.

关键词： nickel-cadmium batteries recycling, ammonia leaching closed system environmental protection

Closed-loop cobalt recycling from spent lithium-ion batteries based on a deep eutectic solvent (DES) with easy solvent recovery

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第9期31卷 532-538,I0015页

作者： Taibai Li Yige Xiong Xiaohui Yan Tao Hu Siqi Jing Zhongjie Wang Xiang Ge Department of Materials and metallurgy Guizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025GuizhouChina

Efficient recycling technology for the rapid growth of spent lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)is essential to tackle the resources and environmental *** approach has attracted extensive research due to its potential to reduce the consumption of energy and threat to the ***,the simultaneous realization of green,efficient and closed-loop recycling is still ***,we report a closed-loop and highly efficient approach to recycle lithium cobalt oxide from spent LIBs based on a choline chloride:oxalic acid(ChCl:OA)type deep eutectic solvent(DES).An ultrafast leaching process is observed at 180°C for 10 s with no observable *** energy barrier during leaching is calculated to be 113.9 kJ/***,the solubility of cobalt ions can be reversibly tuned by simply adding/evaporating deionized water,thus avoiding the addition of precipitant and enabling the easy recovery of the leaching solvent for realizing a closed-loop recycling *** simultaneous realization of high efficiency,green and closed-loop process is expected to push the DES into practical application for recycling the electrodes of LIBs.

关键词： Lithium-ion batteries recycle Deep eutectic solvent Closed-loop High efficiency Solvent recovery

Medium oxygen enriched blast furnace with top gas recycling strategy

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2017年第8期24卷 778-786页

作者： Wei Zhang Zheng-liang Xue Ju-hua Zhang Wei Wang Chang-gui Cheng Zong-shu Zou The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and metallurgy Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430081HubeiChina Key Laboratory for Ferrous metallurgy and Resources Utilization of Ministry of Education Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430081HubeiChina School of metallurgy Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110004LiaoningChina

Top gas recycling oxygen blast furnace（TGR-OBF）process is a promising ironmaking *** biggest challenge of the TGR-OBF in operation is the dramatic decrease of top gas volume（per ton hot metal）,which once led to hanging-up and shutdowns in practice of the *** order to avoid this weakness,the strategy of medium oxygen blast furnace was *** maneuverable zone of the TGR-OBF was determined by the top gas volume,which should not be far from the data of the traditional blast *** deviation of ±12.5% was used,and then the maneuverable blast oxygen content is from 0.30 to 0.47 according to the *** flame temperature and the top gas volume have no much difference compared to those of the traditional blast *** minimum carbon consumption of 357 kg per ton hot metal in the maneuverable zone occurs at the oxygen content of 0.30（fuel saving of 14%）.In the unsteady evolution,the N2 accumulation could approach nearly zero after the recycling reached 6 *** far,some TGR-OBF industrial trials have been carried out in different countries,but the method of medium oxygen enriched TGR-OBF has not been implemented,because the accumulation of N2 was worried *** presented strategy of medium oxygen enriched TGR-OBF is applicable and the strategy with good operational performance is strongly suggested as a forerunner of the full oxygen blast furnace.

关键词： Oxygen blast furnace Top gas recycling Top gas volume Carbon consumption Operation Emission Optimization

Effects of Different Oxidants on HCl-based Pickling process of 430 Stainless Steel

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2016年第8期23卷 778-783页

作者： Qiong XIE Pei-yang SHI Cheng-jun LIU Mao-fa JIANG Key Laboratory for Ecological metallurgy of Multimetallic Mineral of Ministry of Education Northeastern University

To shorten the time required for the pickling process and to enhance the quality of ferritic stainless steel plates,the effects of oxidants including hydrogen peroxide（H2O2）,potassium permanganate（KMnO4）,and potassium chlorate（KClO3）on the pickling behavior in HCl-based electrolyte as well as the surface quality of hot-rolled and blasted 430 stainless steel（430-SS）were *** were conducted using mass-loss tests,microstructure analyses,potentiodynamic polarization curves,and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy *** results showed that the addition of oxidants substantially accelerated the pickling process of 430-SS by enhancing the cathodic reaction rate and reducing the charge transfer *** electrolytes comprising 5-8mass% HCl at a temperature of 40-60 ℃ and at the same concentration within the range from 0to 2mass%,H2O2 was demonstrated to be superior to KMnO4 and KClO3in accelerating the pickling *** surface quality of 430-SS pickled in the presence of H2O2 was better than those of specimens pickled in the presence of KMnO4 and KClO3 when the removal of the oxide layer,intergranular corrosion,and surface roughness were collectively *** 1mass% H2O2 was added,the mass loss rate of 430-SS was increased by 629%and no residual oxide layer or intergranular corrosion was observed on the surface of the steel;in addition,the roughness was only 1.7μm.H2O2 was determined to be a better oxidant than KMnO4 and KClO3 when the pickling process,surface quality,solution recycling,and environment protection were considered as a whole.

关键词： roughness cathodic electrolyte impedance stainless potassium recycling oxidant accelerating immersed

A novel hydrothermal method for zinc extraction and separation from zinc ferrite and electric arc furnace dust

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International Journal of Minerals,metallurgy and Materials 2016年第2期23卷 146-155页

作者： Hui-gang Wang Yang Li Jian-ming Gao Mei Zhang Min Guo Beijing Key Laboratory of Green recycling and Extraction of metals School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing

A novel hydrothermal process was developed to extract zinc from pure zinc ferrite（ZnFe2O4） nanopowder and zinc-containing electric arc furnace（EAF） dust using hexahydrated ferric chloride（FeCl3-6H2O） as a decomposing *** effects of solid FeCl3-6H2O to ZnFe2O4 ratio by mass（RF/Z）,hydrothermal reaction temperature,and time on zinc extraction were systematically *** the results,when the hydrothermal reaction is conducted at 150℃ for 2 h with RF/Z of 15：20,the efficiency of zinc extraction from ZnFe2O4 reaches97.2%,and the concentration of ferric ions（Fe^3＋） in the leaching solution is nearly zero,indicating a high selectivity for *** addition,the zinc extraction efficiency from the EAF dust reaches 94.5%in the case of the hydrothermal reaction performed at 200℃ for 10 h with the solid FeCl3-6H2O to EAF dust ratio by mass（RF/EAF dust） of 15：*** and iron separation is achieved by adjusting the pH value of the leaching solution according to the different precipitation pH values of metal hydroxides.

关键词： electric arc furnaces dust zinc extraction separation hydrothermal process