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A new endophytic insect-associated Daldinia species, recognised from a comparison of secondary metabolite profiles and molecular phylogeny

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Fungal Diversity 2013年第3期60卷 107-123页

作者： Sylvie Pažoutová Stefanie Follert Jens Bitzer Matthias Keck Frank Surup PetrŠrůtka Jaroslav Holuša Marc Stadler Institute of Microbiology of the ASCR v.v.i.Vídeňská108314220 Prague 4Czech Republic Department Microbial Drugs Helmholtz-Zentrum für Infektionsforschung GmbHInhoffenstrasse 738124 BraunschweigGermany imd natural solutions gmbh Otto-Hahn-Strasse 1544227 DortmundGermany Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences Czech University of Life SciencesKamýcká12916521 Prague 6Czech Republic

Xylariaceous endophytes are commonly encountered in plants,and it has recently been found out that insect vectors play a major role in their life cycle,as well as in the apparent host-specificity of the fungal *** this study,a new insect-associated,endophytic anamorph species of Daldinia is recognised from a comparison of (a)morphological and ecological data;(b)molecular phylogenetic data based on rDNA,alpha-actin and beta-tubulin genes;and (c)secondary metabolite profiles based on high performance liquid chromatography/diode array/mass spectrometry(HPLC-DAD/MS)and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry(GC-MS)in comparison with authentic strains of Daldinia and other *** new species,Daldinia hawksworthii,is a symbiont of the willow woodwasp,Xiphydria prolongata,which is in turn preferentially associated with Salix.A comparison of HPLCDAD/MS profiles from standardised cultures revealed the presence of a specific compound,which was not encountered in any of the ca.250 Daldinia strains studied for *** compound was isolated after fermentation of the fungus in 10 l scale by preparative *** elucidation by NMR spectroscopy revealed a novel pyrone,for which the name dalsymbiopyrone is *** compound showed weak antimicrobial and cytotoxic effects and might be a signal molecule involved in the trilateral ecological interaction between the host plant,the insect,and its fungal symbiont.

关键词： Fungi Endophytes Evolution Xylariales Bioactive metabolites natural products Alpha-pyrones

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Application of Bioengineering in Construction

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Open Journal of Civil Engineering 2024年第3期14卷 391-404页

作者： Sassan Mohasseb Atiyeh Meidanchi Sonia Daneshgari Department of Energy Engineering Smteam GmbH Zurich Switzerland Department of Leadership Western Trinity University Vancouver Canada

Bio-cement and bio-concrete are innovative solutions for sustainable construction, aiming to reduce environmental impact while maintaining the durability and versatility of building materials. Bio-cement is an eco-friendly alternative to traditional cement, produced through Microbially Induced Calcium Carbonate Precipitation (MICP), which mimics natural biomineralization processes. This method reduces CO2 emissions and enhances the strength and durability of construction materials. Bio-concrete incorporates bio-cement into concrete, creating a self-healing material. When cracks form in bio-concrete, dormant bacteria within the material become active in the presence of water, producing limestone to fill the cracks, extending the material’s lifespan and reducing the need for repairs. The environmental impact of traditional cement production is significant, with cement generation accounting for up to 8% of global carbon emissions. Creative solutions are needed to develop more sustainable construction materials, with some efforts using modern innovations to make concrete ultra-durable and others turning to science to create affordable bio-cement. The research demonstrates the potential of bio-cement to revolutionize sustainable building practices by offering a low-energy, low-emission alternative to traditional cement while also addressing environmental concerns. The findings suggest promising applications in various construction scenarios, including earthquake-prone areas, by enhancing material durability and longevity through self-repair mechanisms.

关键词： Sustainable Construction Microbially Induced Calcium Carbonate Precipitation (MICP) Cement Construction Industry Microorganisms Eco-Friendly Sustainable Solution Durability Carbon Dioxide Emission (CO2)

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“Wood-nacre”:Development of a Bio-inspired Wood-Based Composite for Beam and 3D-Surface Elements with Improved Failure Mechanisms

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2023年第4期20卷 1701-1711页

作者： Ulrich Müller Peter Halbauer Alexander Stadlmann Maximilian Grabner Hajir Al-musawi Bernhard Ungerer Maximilian Pramreiter Department of Material Science and Process Engineering Institute of Wood Technology and Renewable MaterialsUniversity of Natural Resources and Life SciencesKonrad-Lorenz-Straße 243430Tulln an der DonauAustria Hycobility Engineering&Technologies gmbh Stadiongasse 6-8/Top281010ViennaAustria

Following the natural structure of the nacre,the material studied consists of a multitude of hexagonal tiles that are glued together in an offset manner with a ductile *** so-called“wood nacre”consists of macroscopic tiles of birch wood veneer with a thickness of 0.8 mm and a size of 20 or 10 mm in diameter in order to mimic the aragonite tiles and the ductile PUR-adhesive corresponds to the layers of collagen in between.E-modulus(MOE),bending strength(MOR)and impact bending strength of the samples were determined and compared with reference samples of birch laminated *** hierarchical layered structure of the tiles does not cause any relevant loss in *** nacre,“wood nacre”also shows tough fracture behaviour and a high homogenization ***,strain hardening and high fracture toughness of the natural model could not be fully *** reason for this is the insufficient ratio between the strength and stiffness of the veneer layers and the *** adjusting the size of the tiles,increasing the strength and surface roughness of the veneers,*** densification,and using more ductile adhesives that can be applied in smaller layer thicknesses,it should be possible to better reproduce the natural ratios of nacre and thus achieve a significant improvement in the material properties of“wood nacre”.In addition to the mechanical properties,the high potential of the new material lies in the possibility of producing 3D shell-shaped elements for lightweight wood hybrid construction.

关键词： Bio-inspired Damage tolerance Failure behaviour Hierarchical structure Nacre Work of fracture

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Sinusoidally architected helicoidal composites inspired by the dactyl club of mantis shrimp

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International Journal of Smart and Nano Materials 2023年第3期14卷 321-336页

作者： Ruiheng Yang Huitian Wang Bing Wang Sheng Zhang Zhiping Huang Sha Yin Department of Automotive Engineering School of Transportation Science and EngineeringBeihang UniversityBeijing 100191China National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbinChina WAY Business solutions gmbh Jiangsu Changshu Automotive Trim Group Co.LtdChangshuChina

The impact region of the dactyl club of mantis shrimp features a rare sinusoidally helicoidal architecture,contributing to its efficient impact-resistant *** study aims to attain bioinspired sinusoidally architected composites from a practical engineering *** features of plain-woven fabric were characterized,which demonstrated that the interweaving warp and weft yarns exhibited a sinusoidal *** woven composites were thus employed and helicoidally stacked to achieve the desired ***-static three-point bending and low-velocity impact tests were subsequently performed to evaluate their mechanical *** three-point bending condi-tion,the dominant failure mode gradually changed from fiber breakage to delamination with the increase in the pitch *** displacement and energy absorption of the heli-coidal woven composites were,respectively,43.89%and 141.90%greater than the unidirectional *** low-velo-city impact condition,the damage area of the helicoidal woven composites decreased by 49.66%while the residual strength increased by 10.10%compared with those of the unidirectional ones,exhibiting better damage resistance and ***,effects of fiber architecture on mechanical properties were *** work will shed light on future design of the next-generation impact-resistant architected composites.

关键词： Bioinspired composites architected materials thermoplastic composites mechanical properties impact behavior

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壳牌对未来车用能源多元化发展趋势的思考

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汽车安全与节能学报 2020年第1期11卷 17-35页

作者：贾恬郑彬 Warnecke W Kolbeck A Aradi A Kofod M Clark R Wilbrand K 壳牌(上海)技术有限公司上海201210 Shell Global solutions(Germany)gmbh Hamburg 21107Germany Shell Global solutions US Inc Houston 77082-3101USA Shell Global solutions(UK)Ltd London SE17NAUK

面对能源短缺和环境污染的双重挑战,交通领域的转型升级不可避免。本文结合未来车用动力系统的发展趋势,对交通运输领域中应用的多种先进动力系统、清洁能源及替代燃料进行综述和评价,包括目前主要使用的传统液态化石燃料即汽、柴油及... 详细信息

面对能源短缺和环境污染的双重挑战,交通领域的转型升级不可避免。本文结合未来车用动力系统的发展趋势,对交通运输领域中应用的多种先进动力系统、清洁能源及替代燃料进行综述和评价,包括目前主要使用的传统液态化石燃料即汽、柴油及先进内燃机技术,清洁替代燃料(如生物燃料、天然气合成油(GTL)燃料、电转液(PTL)燃料、液化天然气(LNG)等),以及电气化动力系统(包括混合动力、纯电动和燃料电池)等,并着重讨论液体燃料。壳牌认为没有一种单一的解决方案可以解决复杂的能源问题,未来交通能源结构将呈现多种能源并存的特点,并分别适用于不同的场景。该文还介绍了壳牌近期基于不同政治、经济和社会发展程度提出的3种远景(壳牌“高山”、“海洋”和“天空”远景),提出壳牌对未来车用能源领域转型脱碳发展情景的思考。

关键词：清洁替代燃料内燃机技术生物燃料天然气合成油(GTL) 电转液(PTL)燃料液化天然气(LNG) 电气化动力总成远景预测

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Transfer of natural Micro Structures to Bionic Lightweight Design Proposals

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2013年第4期10卷 469-478页

作者： M. Maier D. Siegel K.-D. Thoben N. Niebuhr C. Hamm Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research Am Handelshafen 12 27570 Bremerhaven Germany Institute for Marine Resources gmbh Bussestr. 27 27570 Bremerhaven Germany University of Bremen Hoehschulring 20 28359 Bremen Germany

The abstraction of complex biological lightweight structure features into a producible technical component is a funda- mental step within the transfer of design principles from nature to technical lightweight solutions. A major obstacle for the transfer of natural lightweight structures to technical solutions is their peculiar geometry. Since natural lightweight structures possess irregularities and often have extremely complex forms due to elaborate growth processes, it is usually necessary to simplify their design principles. This step of simplification/abstraction has been used in different biomimetic methods, but so far, it has an arbitrary component, i.e. it crucially depends on the competence of the person who executes the abstraction. This paper describes a new method for abstraction and specialization of natural micro structures for technical lightweight compo- nents. The new method generates stable lightweight design principles by using topology optimization within a design space of preselected biological archetypes such as diatoms or radiolarian. The resulting solutions are adapted to the technical load cases and production processes, can be created in a large variety, and may be further optimized e.g. by using parametric optimization.

关键词： biomimetic finite elements design space design principle topology optimization parametric optimization dia- toms radiolarian

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加速碳中和的能源载体和动力总成技术

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同济大学学报（自然科学版） 2021年第S1期49卷 202-210页

作者： EL NAKSCHABANDI Mohamad Said INCI Ferhat FINK Anja WIEDEMANN Bernd SENS Marc BRAUER Maximilian VON ESSEN Carsten YUAN Yixi GOTTSCHALK Habil Wolfram KUNSTMANN Jürgen Institute of Land and Sea Transport Technical University Berlin德国柏林10587 Powertrain Systems Development IAV GmbH德国柏林10587 Ice Field Dry Ice Engineering gmbh 德国法兰克福65926

由于“巴黎协定”和中国碳中和的气候保护目标及对能源独立的追求,需要加速对节能减排和二氧化碳中和的技术研究与开发。目前,在汽车动力系统的节能减排与碳中和方面,主要有3种发展概念:电池驱动;燃料电池驱动;基于二氧化碳中和的内燃... 详细信息

由于“巴黎协定”和中国碳中和的气候保护目标及对能源独立的追求,需要加速对节能减排和二氧化碳中和的技术研究与开发。目前,在汽车动力系统的节能减排与碳中和方面,主要有3种发展概念:电池驱动;燃料电池驱动;基于二氧化碳中和的内燃机可持续合成燃料驱动。根据能源使用的生命周期,将效率因素简化归纳为决策因素,在时间上无法反映出减少二氧化碳排放及减少化石能源的需求。与必要的能源供应相比,可再生能源的区域可用性有限,因此须以成本效益优势的方式来解决化石能源大规模替代的技术与基础建设问题。除了直接使用可再生电力外,绿色氢气和衍生的合成燃料可以大大加快化石能源的替代。短期内,合成燃料可以实施到全球的现有车辆上(约12亿辆),并持续增加混合汽油、柴油或天然气的混合比例,直到化石能源完全被绿色的氢气、合成燃料或电力所取代。介绍了氢气动力系统(H2内燃机和燃料电池动力系统)与合成燃料相关的技术解决方案。

关键词：内燃机合成燃料甲醇氢气动力系统

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The Evolution of Reliability and Efficiency of Aerospace Bearing Systems

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Engineering（科研） 2017年第11期9卷 962-991页

作者： Peter Gloeckner Charles Rodway FAG Aerospace gmbh & Co. KG Schweinfurt Germany FAG Aerospace Inc. Stratford Canada

The worldwide air traffic underwent a rapid development in recent decades.?Between the early 70s and the late 90s of the last century civil air traffic?doubled every 15 years. The civil aviation market will continue to grow with 4% - 5%?each year within the next 20 years. This enormous growth represents major?challenges for airframers, engine makers, suppliers, airlines, air traffic management?and ground infrastructure. In addition, the public debate on the worldwide?civil air traffic is dominated by environmental and climate issues, even though only 2% of the man-made carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions are due to air transportation. Therefore the aerospace industry will have to focus on a low-emission and quite air traffic, and on the conservation of natural resources and our environment. The end-use consumer and environmental policy requirements?for aircrafts of the next generation translate into components with improved efficiency and reliability. Rolling bearings are one of these components which?significantly determine the reliability and mechanical efficiency of aerospace applications such as aircraft and rotorcraft engines and transmission systems.?They have to withstand very demanding operating conditions. Especially main shaft?bearings in modern aircraft engines experience high rotational speeds andtemperatures. Furthermore aerospace bearings have to meet the highest reliability?standards and require low-weight design solutions. These operating conditions?and requirements present a continuous challenge for improvements in all?fields of bearing technology. This article presents solutions in aspects of materials, design, analysis, and surface technologies in order to meet the environmental, reliability, and economical requirements of advanced aerospace bearing systems. State of the art bearing analysis and advanced bearing design solutions?contributing to lower friction power losses and increased systems efficiency?are discussed. Weight, functional, and maintenan

关键词： Rolling Element Bearings Aviation Environment Friction Efficiency Aircraft Engines Helicopter

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pH value in simulated occluded corrosion cell for magnesium alloys

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2007年第A1期17卷 194-197页

作者：曾荣昌陈君柯伟韩恩厚 W.Dietzel School of Materials Science and Engineering Chongqing Institute of Technology Environmental Corrosion Center Institute of Metals ResearchChinese Academy of Sciences GKSS Research Centre Geesthacht gmbh Geesthacht 21502Germany

Corrosion of magnesium alloys is an important issue for their applications in automobile and aerospace industry. pH values as a function of time in two types of simulated occluded corrosion cells(OCC) for magnesium alloys AZ80 and AM60 were measured. The influence of mass ratio of solution to material or liquid to solid ratio(L/S ratio),initial pH value and chemical compositions of solutions on pH value in OCC was discussed. The experimental results show that pH value for magnesium alloys increases gradually or rapidly in Occ,depending on L/S ratio,initial pH value of solution and chloride ions concentration etc,and then reaches up to 10.5-10.6 and finally stabilizes at the level. The onset in the pH value time curve corresponds to the precipitate of magnesium hydroxide according to the theoretical calculation.

关键词：镁合金 PH值腐蚀状态金属材料

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Influences of perfluorooctanoic acid on the aggregation of multi-walled carbon nanotubes

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2013年第3期25卷 466-472页

作者： Chengliang Li Andreas Schffer Harry Vereecken Marc Heggen Rong Ji Erwin Klumpp College of Resources and Environment Shandong Agricultural University National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources Biology 5-Environmental Biology and Chemodynamics RWTH Aachen University Agrosphere Institute (IBG-3) Forschungszentrum Jlich GmbH Ernst Ruska-Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons Forschungszentrum Jlich State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of the EnvironmentNanjing University Institute for Climate and Global Change Research Nanjing University

The aggregation of multi-walled carbon nanotubes （MWCNTs） in the aqueous phase not only inhibits their extensive utilization in various aspects but also dominates their environmental fate and *** role of surfactants at low concentration in the aggregation of MWCNTs has been studied,however the effect of perfluorinated surfactants at low concentration is *** understand this interfacial phenomenon,the influences of perfluorooctanoic acid （PFOA）,and sodium dodecyl sulfate （SDS） as a control,on MWCNT aggregation in the aqueous phase were examined by the UV absorbency *** of pH and cationic species on the critical coagulation concentration （CCC） value were *** CCC values were dependent on the concentration of PFOA,however a pronounced effect of SDS concentration on the CCC values was not *** CCC values of the MWCNTs were 51.6 mmol/L in NaCl and 0.28 mmol/L in CaCl 2 solutions,which suggested pronounced differences in the effects of Na＋ and Ca2＋ ions on the aggregation of the *** presence of both PFOA and SDS significantly decreased the CCC values of the MWCNTs in NaCl *** aggregation of the MWCNTs took place under acidic conditions and was not notably altered under neutral and alkaline conditions due to the electrostatic repulsion of deprotonated functional groups on the surface of the MWCNTs.

关键词： perfluorooctanoic acid aggregation multi-walled carbon nanotubes

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