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Science China Life Sciences 2024年

作者： Xiaoyu Wang Chuchu Chen Chenggan Li Xiaochang Chen Rong Xu Meilin Chen Yongpeng Li Yihao Liu Xiaohong Liu Yaosheng Chen Delin Mo State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol School of Life Sciences Sun Yat-Sen University Shaanxi Basic and Clinical Translational Research Team for Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular disease Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease Institute of Basic and Translational MedicineXi'an Medical University

Intramuscular fat (IMF) is a complex adipose tissue within skeletal muscle, appearing specially tissue heterogeneous, and the factors influencing its formation remain unclear. In conditions such as diabetes, aging, and muscle wasting, IMF was deposited in abnormal locations in skeletal muscle, damaged the normal physiological functions of skeletal muscle. Here, we used Longissimus dorsi muscles from pigs with different IMF contents as samples and adopted a method combining spatial transcriptome (ST) and single-nucleus RNA-seq to identify the spatial heterogeneity of IMF. ST revealed that genes involved in TGF-β signaling pathways were specifically highly enriched in IMF. In lean pigs, IMF autocrine produces more TGF-β2, while in obese pigs, IMF received more endothelial-derived TGF-β1. In vitro experiments have proven that porcine endothelial cells in a simulated high-fat environment released more TGF-β1 than TGF-β2. Moreover,under obesity mice, the addition of TGF-β after muscle injury abolished IMF production and slowed muscle repair, whereas TGF-β inhibition accelerated muscle repair. Our findings demonstrate that the TGF-β pathway specifically regulates these processes, suggesting it as a potential therapeutic target for managing muscle atrophy in obese patients and enhancing muscle repair while reducing IMF deposition.

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Dexamethasone and N-acetylcysteine before transarterial chemoembolization in hepatocellular carcinoma:A Western perspective

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第31期30卷 3635-3639页

作者： Marco Biolato Maurizio Pompili department of Medical and Surgical Sciences CEMAD Digestive Disease CenterFondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCSRome 00168Italy department of Translational Medicine and Surgery Catholic University of Sacred HeartRome 00168LazioItaly

Post-embolization syndrome(PES)is the most common complication in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma treated with transarterial *** strategies have been evaluated to reduce the incidence of PES,but no standard prevention guidelines currently *** a single-center,placebo-controlled trial,Simasingha et al evaluated the prophylactic administration of a combination of dexamethasone and N-acetylcysteine and documented a significant reduction in the incidence of PES(from 80%to 6%),of post-procedural liver decompensation(from 14%to 0%),and a shorter hospital stay(4 days vs 6 days),alongside an acceptable safety *** results of this study raise several controversial points regarding their applicability in the Western *** the West,there is a greater and increasing prevalence of metabolic and alcoholic etiologies of liver cirrhosis,so a not negligible number of patients with type ii diabetes or hypertension would be excluded from high-dosage dexamethasone ***,in the West,there is a preferred use of drug-eluting beads loaded with doxorubicin,which are associated with a lower incidence of PES.A study on prophylaxis with dexamethasone and/or N-acetylcysteine in a Western population is hopefully awaited.

关键词： Chemotherapeutic drugs Lipiodol Post-embolization syndrome Prevention Prophylaxis

Design of a large-scale model for wind tunnel test of a multiadaptive flap concept

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第2期37卷 58-80页

作者： Mürüvvet Sinem SICIM DEMIRCI Rosario PECORA Metin Orhan KAYA Aeronautical Engineering department Istanbul Technical UniversityIstanbulTurkey Industrial Engineering department University of Naples Federico IINapoliItaly

The design and application of morphing systems are ongoing issues compelling the aviation *** Clean Sky-program represents the most significant aeronautical research ever launched in Europe on advanced technologies for greening next-generation *** primary purpose of the program is to develop new concepts aimed at decreasing the effects of aviation on the environment,increasing reliability,and promoting eco-friendly *** ambitions are pursued through research on enabling technologies fostering noise and gas emissions reduction,mainly by improving aircraft aerodynamic *** the Clean Sky framework,a multimodal morphing flap device was designed based on tight industrial requirements and tailored for large civil aircraft *** flap is deployed in one unique setting,and its cross section is morphed differently in take-off and landing to get the necessary extra lift for the specific flight ***,during the cruise,the tip of the flap is deflected for load control and induced drag *** manufacturing the first flap prototype,a high-speed(Ma=0.3),large-scale test campaign(geometric scale factor 1:3)was deemed necessary to validate the performance improvements brought by this novel system at the aircraft *** the other hand,the geometrical scaling of the flap prototype was considered impracticable due to the unscalability of the embedded mechanisms and actuators for shape ***,a new architecture was conceived for the flap model to comply with the scaled dimensions requirements,withstand the relevant loads expected during the wind tunnel tests and emulate the shape transition capabilities of the true-scale *** strategies were developed to effectively morph the model during wind tunnel tests while ensuring the robustness of each morphed configuration and maintaining adequate stiffness levels to prevent undesirable deviations from the intended aerodynamic ***,

关键词： Morphing structures Smart aircraft Morphing flap Adaptive systems Finger-like ribs Wind tunnel tests Large-scale morphing archi-tectures Variable camber airfoil

SUV39H1-driven NFATc1 methylation is essential for the c-Cbl-mediated degradation of NFATc1 in an osteoclast lineage

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Genes & diseases 2024年第4期11卷 86-89页

作者： Do-Won Jeong Hye-Jin Kim Jong-Wan Park Seulbee Lee Hyeryeon Jung Eugene C.Yi Nacksung Kime Yang-Sook Chun department of Biomedical Sciences Seoul National University College of MedicineSeoul 03080Republic of Korea department of Physiology Seoul National University College of MedicineSeoul 03080Republic of Korea ischemic/Hypoxic disease Institute Seoul National University College of MedicineSeoul 03080Republic of Korea department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology and College of Medicine Or College of PharmacySeoul National UniversitySeoul 03080Republic of Korea department of Pharmacology Chonnam National University Medical SchoolGwangju 61469Republic of Korea

Bone undergoes continuous remodeling by tightly-coordinated actions of bone-resorbing osteoclasts and boneforming osteoblasts.1 Recent studies document that the dysregulation of histone methylation profiles is associated with the progression of ***,the specific epigenetic modifiers are incompletely *** this study,we demonstrate an inhibitory role of a variegation 3-9 homolog 1(SUV39H1)in osteoclast formation.

关键词： osteoclast remodeling incomplete

Magnitude and direction of temperature variability affect hospitalization for myocardial infarction and stroke:population-based evidence from Guangzhou,China

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第3期18卷 1-11页

作者： Zhou Yang Murui Zheng Ze-Lin Yan Hui Liu Xiangyi Liu Jie-Qi Jin Jiagang Wu Chun-Quan Ou State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research Department of BiostatisticsGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease ResearchSchool of Public HealthSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510515China Guangzhou Center for disease Control and Prevention Guangzhou 510440China

Relationships between nonoptimal temperatures and cardiovascular disease(CVD)mortality have been well ***,evidence of the association between temperature variability(TV)and CVD morbidity is *** study aimed to quantify the risk and burden of CVD-related hospitalization associated with the magnitude and direction of *** on meteorology and population-based hospitalizations for myocardial infarction(MI)and stroke were collected in Guangzhou,China,from 2013 to *** temperature variability(HTV)was measured as the standard deviation of hourly temperature records over specific exposure *** direction(upward or downward)of HTV was defined as the average daily mean temperature change relative to that of the previous day during the exposure ***-Poisson regression was applied to assess the impact of HTV after adjusting for the daily mean temperature,and the hospitalization fractions attributable to HTV were calculated.A 1℃-increase in HTV was significantly associated with a 2.24%and 1.72%increase in hospitalizations for MI and hemorrhagic stroke(HS)at lag 0–1 d,respectively,and a 1.55%increase in hospitalizations for ischemic stroke(IS)at lag 0–3 *** the study period,5.99%,4.64%,and 4.53%of MI,HS,and IS hospitalizations,respectively,were attributable to *** upward TV exerts acute effects on CVD hospital admissions,whereas the impact of downward TV generally *** findings highlight the importance of the magnitude and direction of temperature fluctuations,in addition to the mean level,in assessing the adverse health impacts of temperature variations.

关键词： Hourly temperature variability Cardiovascular Hospitalization Direction China

A journey of a thousand miles begins with one small step

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2024年第1期13卷 112-114页

作者： Elke Roeb department of Gastroenterology Medical Clinic IIJustus Liebig UniversityGiessenGermany

Liver disease associated with metabolic dysfunction now affects more than 30%of the world’s population(1).Historically known as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is caused by obesity,lack of exercise,and a westernised lifestyle(2).To date,numerous attempts have been made to influence the steatohepatitis and liver fibrosis associated with metabolism-associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD)with *** to date,no substance has been authorised for the indication NAFLD/MAFLD/metabolism-associated steatosis liver disease(MASLD)(3).It has long been known that a consistent change in lifestyle with a reduced diet and physical exercise is able to improve fatty liver disease,steatohepatitis.

关键词： Metabolism-associated steatosis liver disease(MASLD) metabolism-associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD) non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) exercise fatty liver

Expanding indications for chronic hepatitis B treatment: Is it really desirable to treat everyone?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第17期30卷 2294-2297页

作者： Fabiola Di Dato Raffaele Iorio department of Translational Medical Science Section of PediatricsUniversity of Naples Federico IINaples 80131Italy

Chronic viral hepatitis causes an increased risk of progressive liver disease and hepatocellular *** the wave of the World Health Organization’s goal to reduce new cases and deaths from hepatitis B and C by 2030,there is an increasing call to expand the indications for treatment of chronic hepatitis ***,the main goal of treatment is to achieve a functional cure due to the inability of current drugs to completely eradicate the *** are still many discrepancies between available guidelines in terms of eligibility for treatment as well as an uncertainty about the appropriate treatment *** editorial addresses key questions about the topic and whether indications for treatment should be expanded.

关键词： Hepatitis B virus Interferon Nucleos(t)ide analogues Functional cure Children

Valorisation of industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) residues and cheese whey into volatile fatty acids for single cell protein production

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Environmental Science and Ecotechnology 2024年第5期21卷 369-380页

作者： Carlo Moscariello Silvio Matassa Francesco Pirozzi Giovanni Esposito Stefano Papirio department of Civil Architectural and Environmental EngineeringUniversity of Napoli Federico IIvia Claudio 2180125NapoliItaly

The production of single cell protein(SCP)using lignocellulosic materials stands out as a promising route in the circular bioeconomy ***,multiple steps are necessary for lignocellulosics-to-SCP processes,involving chemical pretreatments and specific aerobic *** there are no studies that investigated the SCP production from lignocellulosics by using only biological processes and microbial biomass able to work both anaerobically and *** this view,the valorisation of industrial hemp(Cannabis sativa L.)biomass residues(HBRs),specifically hurds and a mix of leaves and inflorescences,combined with cheese whey(CW)was investigated through a semi-continuous acidogenic co-fermentation process(co-AF).The aim of this study was to maximise HBRs conversion into VFAs to be further used as carbon-rich substrates for SCP *** process conditions were tested by either removing CW or increasing the amount of HBRs in terms of VS(i.e.,two and four times)to evaluate the performance of the co-AF *** HBRs resulted in a proportional increase in VFA production up to 3115 mg HAc L^(-1),with experimental production nearly 40%higher than theoretical *** synergy between HBRs and CW was demonstrated,proving the latter as essential to improve the biodegradability of the *** produced VFAs were subsequently tested as substrates for SCP synthesis in batch aerobic tests.A biomass concentration of 2.43 g TSS L^(-1) was achieved with a C/N ratio of 5.0 and a pH of 9.0 after two days of aerobic fermentation,reaching a protein content of 42%(g protein per g TSS).These results demonstrate the overall feasibility of the VFA-mediated HBR-to-SCP valorisation process.

关键词： Hemp biomass residues Cheese whey Volatile fatty acids Acidogenic fermentation Single cell protein

Dynamic ultrasonography for optimizing treatment position in superior mesenteric artery syndrome:Two case reports and review of literature

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第5期30卷 499-508页

作者： Nobuaki Hasegawa Akihiko Oka Muyiwa Awoniyi Yuri Yoshida Hiroshi Tobita Norihisa Ishimura Shunji Ishihara department of Internal Medicine ii Shimane University Faculty of MedicineIzumo 693-8501ShimaneJapan department of Gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionDigestive Disease and Surgery InstituteHepatology SectionCleveland ClinicClevelandOH 44195United States Clinical Laboratory Division Shimane University HospitalIzumo 693-8501ShimaneJapan Division of Hepatology Shimane University HospitalIzumo 693-8501Japan

BACKGROUND Superior mesenteric artery(SMA)syndrome is a rare cause of duodenal obstruction by extrinsic compression between the SMA and the aorta(SMA-Ao).Although the left lateral recumbent position is considered effective in the treatment of SMA syndrome,individual variations in the optimal patient position have been *** this report,we present two elderly cases of SMA syndrome that exhibited rapid recovery due to ultrasonographic dynamic evaluation of the optimal position for each *** SUMMARY Case 1:A 90-year-old man with nausea and *** diagnosis of SMA syndrome by computed tomography(CT),ultrasonography(US)revealed the SMA-Ao distance in the supine position(4 mm),which slightly improved in the lateral position(5.7–7.0 mm)without the passage of duodenal ***,in the sitting position,the SMA-Ao distance was increased to 15 mm accompanied by improved content ***,US indicated enhanced passage upon abdominal massage on the right *** day 2,the patient could eat comfortably with the optimal position and *** 2:An 87-year-old woman with *** the diagnosis of SMA syndrome and aspiration pneumonia by CT,dynamic US confirmed the optimal position(SMA-Ao distance was improved to 7 mm in forward-bent position,whereas it remained at 5 mm in the supine position).By day 7 when her pneumonia recovered,she could eat with the optimal *** The optimal position for SMA syndrome varies among *** US appears to be a valuable tool in improving patient outcomes.

关键词： Superior mesenteric artery syndrome Wilkie’s syndrome Cast syndrome Aorto-mesenteric compass syndrome Ultrasonography Case report

Progress in the treatment of elderly patients with patent foramen ovale complicated with cryptogenic stroke

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South China Journal of Cardiology 2024年第1期25卷 50-56页

作者：区炜光邓少东陈建英 department of Structural heart disease Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical UniversityZhanjiang 524000China Guangdong Medical University Zhanjiang 524000China.

Background The incidence of cryptogenic stroke(CS)accounts for about 25%of ischemic *** studies have shown that cryptogenic stroke is closely related to patent foramen ovale(PFO).Evaluating the correlation between PFO and CS needs to be combined with multidisciplinary *** clinical studies have shown that drug therapy can reduce the risk of ischemic stroke in elderly PFO patients(>60 years old).However,whether elderly PFO patients(>60 years old)can benefit from PFO closure is still *** article reviewed the research progress of drug therapy and PFO closure therapy for cryptogenic stroke associated with PFO in the elderly.[S Chin J Cardiol 2024;25(1):50-56].

关键词： Patent foramen ovale Cryptogenic stroke Old age Treatment