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Recovery of the injured neural system through gene delivery to surviving neurons in Parkinson’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第10期20卷 2855-2861页

作者： Chanchal Sharma Sehwan Kim Hyemi Eo Sang Ryong Kim School of Life Science Kyungpook National UniversityDaeguKorea BK21 FOUR KNU Creative BioResearch group Kyungpook National University DaeguKorea Brain Science and engineering Institute Kyungpook National UniversityDaeguKorea

A critical unaddressed problem in Parkinson’s disease is the lack of therapy that slows or hampers *** medications effectively manage symptoms,they offer no long-term benefit because they fail to address the underlying neuronal *** highlights that the elusive goals of halting progression and restoring damaged neurons limit the long-term impact of current *** clinical trials using gene therapy have demonstrated the safety of various vector delivery systems,dosages,and transgenes expressed in the central nervous system,signifying tangible and substantial progress in applying gene therapy as a promising Parkinson’s disease ***,at diagnosis,many dopamine neurons remain in the substantia nigra,offering a potential window for recovery and *** propose that modulating these surviving dopamine neurons and axons in the substantia nigra and striatum using gene therapy offers a potentially more impactful therapeutic approach for future ***,innovative gene therapies that focus on preserving the remaining elements may have significant potential for enhancing long-term outcomes and the quality of life for patients with Parkinson’s *** this review,we provide a perspective on how gene therapy can protect vulnerable elements in the substantia nigra and striatum,offering a novel approach to addressing Parkinson’s disease at its core.

关键词： adeno-associated virus gene therapy neuroprotection neurorestoration neurotrophic factor nigrostriatal dopamine pathway pro-survival protein

Uptake and translocation of sulfamethazine by alfalfa grown under hydroponic conditions

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第3期29卷 217-223页

作者： Sudarshan Kurwadkar Garrett Struckhoff Kameron Pugh Om Singh Department of Civil and Environmental engineering California State UniversityFullertonCA 92831USA ids engineering group HoustonTX 77040USA Division of Biological and Health Sciences University of PittsburghBradfordPA 16701USA

Antibiotics are routinely used in intensive animal agriculture operations collectively known as Concentrated Animal Feed Operations （CAFO） which include dairy, poultry and swine farms. Wastewater generated by CAFOs often contains low levels of antibiotics and is typically managed in an anaerobic lagoon. The objective of this research is to investigate the uptake and fate of aqueous sulfamethazine （SMN） antibiotic by alfalfa （Medicago satiua） grass grown under hydroponic conditions. Uptake studies were conducted using hydroponically grown alfalfa in a commercially available nutrient solution supplemented with 10 mg/L of SMN antibiotic. Analysis of alfalfa sap, root zone, middle one-third, and top portion of the foliage showed varying uptake rate and translocation of SMN. The highest average amount of SMN （8.58 μg/kg） was detected in the root zone, followed by the top portion （1.89μg/kg）, middle one-third （1.30 μg/kg）, and sap （0.38 μg/kg） samples, indicating a clear distribution of SMN within the sampled regions. The ultraviolet （UV） spectra of parent SMN and translocated SMN identified in different parts of the plant present the possibility of metabolization during the uptake process. Uptake of SMN using alfalfa grown under hydroponic conditions has potential as a promising remediation technology for removal of similar antibiotics from wastewater lagoons.

关键词： AlfalfaHydroponic cultureAntibioticsSulfamethazineConcentrated Animal Feed OperationsPhytoremediation

Interconnections between diabetic corneal neuropathy and diabetic retinopathy:diagnostic and therapeutic implications

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2169-2180页

作者： Mingyi Yu Faith Teo En Ning Chang Liu Yu-Chi Liu Tissue engineering and Stem Cell group Singapore Eye Research InstituteSingapore Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of SingaporeSingapore Department of Cornea and External Eye Disease Singapore National Eye CenterSingapore Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program Duke-NUS Medical SchoolSingapore

Diabetic corneal neuropathy and diabetic retinopathy are ocular complications occurring in the context of diabetes *** corneal neuropathy refers to the progressive damage of corneal *** retinopathy has traditionally been considered as damage to the retinal ***,growing evidence suggests that diabetic retinopathy is a complex neurovascular disorder resulting from dysfunction of the neurovascular unit,which includes both the retinal vascular structures and neural *** retinopathy is one of the leading causes of blindness and is frequently screened for as part of diabetic ocular ***,diabetic corneal neuropathy is commonly overlooked and underdiagnosed,leading to severe ocular surface *** studies have found that these two conditions tend to occur together,and they share similarities in their pathogenesis pathways,being triggered by a status of chronic *** review aims to discuss the interconnection between diabetic corneal neuropathy and diabetic retinopathy,whether diabetic corneal neuropathy precedes diabetic retinopathy,as well as the relation between the stage of diabetic retinopathy and the severity of corneal *** also endeavor to explore the relevance of a corneal screening in diabetic eyes and the possibility of using corneal nerve measurements to monitor the progression of diabetic retinopathy.

关键词： cornea corneal nerves diabetes diabetic corneal neuropathy diabetic retinopathy retina

An investigation on prevalent strategies for XFEM-based numerical modeling of crack growth in porous media

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil engineering 2021年第4期15卷 914-936页

作者： Mohammad REZANEZHAD Seyed Ahmad LAJEVARDI Sadegh KARIMPOULI Mining engineering group Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of ZanjanZanjan45371-38791Iran Materials engineering group Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of ZanjanZanjan45371-38791Iran

Crack growth modeling has always been one of the major challenges in fracture *** all numerical methods,the extended finite element method(XFEM)has recently attracted much attention due to its ability to estimate the discontinuous deformation ***,XFEM modeling does not directly lead to reliable results,and choosing a strategy of implementation is inevitable,especially in porous *** this study,two prevalent XFEM strategies are evaluated:a)applying reduced Young’s modulus to pores and b)using different partitions to the model and enriching each part *** mention the advantages and limitations of each strategy via both analytical and experimental ***,the crack growth is modeled in a natural porous media(Fontainebleau sandstone).Our investigations proved that although both strategies can identically predict the stress distribution in the sample,the first strategy simulates only the initial crack propagation,while the second strategy could model multiple cracks *** strategies are reliable and highly accurate in calculating the stress intensity factor,but the second strategy can compute a more reliable reaction *** tests showed that the second strategy is a more accurate strategy in predicting the preferred crack growth path and determining the maximum strength of the sample.

关键词： numerical modeling extended finite element method porous media crack growth stress intensity factor

Congruent Feature Selection Method to Improve the Efficacy of Machine Learning-Based Classification in Medical Image Processing

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Computer Modeling in engineering & Sciences 2025年第1期142卷 357-384页

作者： Mohd Anjum Naoufel Kraiem Hong Min Ashit Kumar Dutta Yousef Ibrahim Daradkeh Department of Computer engineering Aligarh Muslim UniversityAligarh202002India College of Computer Science King Khalid UniversityAbha61413Saudi Arabia School of Computing Gachon UniversitySeongnam13120Republic of Korea Department of Computer Science and Information Systems College of Applied SciencesAlMaarefa UniversityRiyadh13713Saudi Arabia Department of Computer engineering and Information College of Engineering in Wadi AlddawasirPrince Sattam bin Abdulaziz UniversityAl-Kharj16273Saudi Arabia

Machine learning(ML)is increasingly applied for medical image processing with appropriate learning *** applications include analyzing images of various organs,such as the brain,lung,eye,etc.,to identify specific flaws/diseases for *** primary concern of ML applications is the precise selection of flexible image features for pattern detection and region *** of the extracted image features are irrelevant and lead to an increase in computation ***,this article uses an analytical learning paradigm to design a Congruent Feature Selection Method to select the most relevant image *** process trains the learning paradigm using similarity and correlation-based features over different textural intensities and pixel *** similarity between the pixels over the various distribution patterns with high indexes is recommended for disease ***,the correlation based on intensity and distribution is analyzed to improve the feature selection ***,the more congruent pixels are sorted in the descending order of the selection,which identifies better regions than the ***,the learning paradigm is trained using intensity and region-based similarity to maximize the chances of ***,the probability of feature selection,regardless of the textures and medical image patterns,is *** process enhances the performance of ML applications for different medical image *** proposed method improves the accuracy,precision,and training rate by 13.19%,10.69%,and 11.06%,respectively,compared to other models for the selected *** mean error and selection time is also reduced by 12.56%and 13.56%,respectively,compared to the same models and dataset.

关键词： Computer vision feature selection machine learning region detection texture analysis image classification medical images

Planetary Gear Profile Modification Design Based on Load Sharing Modelling

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical engineering 2015年第4期28卷 810-820页

作者： IGLESIAS Miguel FERNáNDEZ DEL RINCóN Alfonso DE-JUAN Ana Magdalena GARCIA Pablo DIEZ Alberto VIADERO Fernando Mechanical engineering Research group University of Cantabria

In order to satisfy the increasing demand on high performance planetary transmissions, an important line of research is focused on the understanding of some of the underlying phenomena involved in this mechanical system. Through the development of models capable of reproduce the system behavior, research in this area contributes to improve gear transmission insight, helping developing better maintenance practices and more efficient design processes. A planetary gear model used for the design of profile modifications ratio based on the levelling of the load sharing ratio is presented. The gear profile geometry definition, following a vectorial approach that mimics the real cutting process of gears, is thoroughly described. Teeth undercutting and hypotrochoid definition are implicitly considered, and a procedure for the incorporation of a rounding arc at the tooth tip in order to deal with corner contacts is described. A procedure for the modeling of profile deviations is presented, which can be used for the introduction of both manufacturing errors and designed profile modifications. An easy and flexible implementation of the profile deviation within the planetary model is accomplished based on the geometric overlapping. The contact force calculation and dynamic implementation used in the model are also introduced, and parameters from a real transmission for agricultural applications are presented for the application example. A set of reliefs is designed based on the levelling of the load sharing ratio for the example transmission, and finally some other important dynamic factors of the transmission are analyzed to assess the changes in the dynamic behavior with respect to the non-modified case. Thus, the main innovative aspect of the proposed planetary transmission model is the capacity of providing a simulated load sharing ratio which serves as design variable for the calculation of the tooth profile modifications.

关键词： transmission planetary gear load sharing relief profile modification

Pelton turbine: Identifying the optimum number of buckets using CFD

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2016年第1期28卷 75-83页

作者： Audrius ZIDONIS George A.AGGIDIS Lancaster University Renewable Energy group and Fluid Machinery group Engineering Department Lancaster University

A numerical case study on identifying the optimum number of buckets for a Pelton turbine is presented. Three parameters： number of buckets, bucket radial position and bucket angular position are grouped since they are found to be interrelated. By identifying the best combination of the radial and angular position for each number of buckets it is shown that reduction in the number of buckets beyond the limit suggested by the available literature can improve the efficiency and be beneficial with regard to the manufacturing complexity and cost perspective. The effect of this reduction in the number of buckets was confirmed experimentally.

关键词： hydropower Pelton impulse turbines numerical modelling number of buckets optimization

Effect of Orientation of Fibers and Holes on the Radial Strain Amplification of Campaniform sensilla

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Journal of Bionic engineering 2010年第4期7卷 314-320页

作者： Nickolas L.M.Mani Carlo Menon MENRVA Research group School of Engineering ScienceSimon Fraser University MENRVA Research group School of Engineering Science Simon Fraser University

In this paper,a structural analysis is performed to gain insights on the synergistic mechanical amplification effect thatCampaniform sensilla have when combined in an array *** order to simplify the analysis performed in this preliminaryinvestigation,an array of four holes in a single orthotropic lamina is ***,a Finite Element Method(FEM) analysis is performed to discretely assess the influence that different geometrical parameters have on the mechanicalamplification properties of the ***,an artificial neural network is used to obtain an approximated multi-dimensionalcontinuous function,which models the relationship between the geometrical parameters and the amplification properties of ***,an optimization is performed to identify the geometrical parameters yielding the maximum mechanical ***,results are validated with an additional FEM simulation performed by varying geometrical parameters in theneighborhood of the identified optimal *** method proposed in this paper can be fully automated and used to solvea wide range of optimization problems aimed at identifying optimal configurations of strain sensors inspired by Campaniformsensilla.

关键词： Campaniform sensillum strain sensor FEM ANN optimization

New Relationship for Estimation of Wave Overtopping on Vertical Walls

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China Ocean engineering 2017年第1期31卷 48-54页

作者： ESKAND ARI Hojjatollah KAMALIAN Ulrich Reza Coastal engineering group University of Qom Qom *** Iran

Soft computing tools in the form of combination of multiple nonlinear regression and M5′ model tree were used for estimation of overtopping rate at the vertical coastal structures. For reliable and precise estimation of overtopping rate, the experimental data available in the database CLASH were used. The dimensionless overtopping rate was estimated in terms of conventional dimensionless parameters including the relative crest freeboard Rc/Hs, seabed slope tanθ, deep water wave steepness S（om）, surf similarity ξ（om） and local relative water depth ht/Hs. The accuracy of the new model was compared with other existing models and also evaluated with some field measurements. The results indicated that the model presented in this paper is more accurate than other existing models. With statistical parameters, it is shown that the accuracy of predictions in the new model is better than that of other models.

关键词： similarity dimensionless precise Walls crest formulae trained coastal separate correction