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少男少女 2024年第12期 30-30页

作者：肖幸宜广州市天河区体育东路小学兴国学校二年(7)班

小朋友们，你们去过广东省博物馆吗？老实说，爸爸妈妈已经带我参观过很多次了，但这次，我感觉与以前有点不同，因为我和其他小作家们要在这里上一堂别开生面的活动课。2024年4月13日下午，春天的阳光照射着“宝盒”模样的广东省博物...

小朋友们，你们去过广东省博物馆吗？老实说，爸爸妈妈已经带我参观过很多次了，但这次，我感觉与以前有点不同，因为我和其他小作家们要在这里上一堂别开生面的活动课。2024年4月13日下午，春天的阳光照射着“宝盒”模样的广东省博物馆，参加“小眼睛看大文化”活动的小作家们怀着激动与好奇的心情，踏入了这个充满历史文化气息的地方。在活动中心，广东省博物馆的老师问道：“小朋友们，你们知道博物馆是用来干什么的吗？”

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A systematic review of herbal medicines for the treatment of cancer cachexia in animal models

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2019年第1期20卷 9-22页

作者： Bongki PARK Sooseong YOU William C.S.CHO Jun-Yong CHOI Myeong Soo LEE liver and Immunology Research Center Oriental College Daejeon University Clinical Medicine Division Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine Department of Clinical Oncology Queen Elizabeth Hospital Department of Korean Internal Medicine School of Korean Medicine Pusan National University

Objective: The aim of this study is to summarize preclinical studies on herbal medicines used to treat cancer cachexia and its underlying mechanisms. Methods: We searched four representing databases, including Pub Med, EMBASE, the Allied and Complementary Medicine Database, and the Web of Science up to December 2016. Randomized animal studies were included if the effects of any herbal medicine were tested on cancer cachexia. The methodological quality was evaluated by the Collaborative Approach to Meta-Analysis and Review of Animal Data from Experimental Studies(CAMARADE) checklist. Results: A total of fourteen herbal medicines and their compounds were identified, including Coptidis Rhizoma, berberine, Bing De Ling, curcumin, Qing-Shu-Yi-Qi-Tang, Scutellaria baicalensis, Hochuekkito, Rikkunshito, hesperidin, atractylodin, Sipjeondaebo-tang, Sosiho-tang, Anemarrhena Rhizoma, and Phellodendri Cortex. All the herbal medicines, except curcumin, have been shown to ameliorate the symptoms of cancer cachexia through anti-inflammation, regulation of the neuroendocrine pathway, and modulation of the ubiquitin proteasome system or protein synthesis. Conclusions: This study showed that herbal medicines might be a useful approach for treating cancer cachexia. However, more detailed experimental studies on the molecular mechanisms and active compounds are needed.

关键词： Cancer Cachexia Herbal medicine Traditional East Asian medicine systematic review

Concise review on short bowel syndrome: Etiology, pathophysiology, and management

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第31期10卷 11273-11282页

作者： Saraswathi Lakkasani Deeksha Seth Imran Khokhar Masara Touza Theodore Jr Dacosta Gastroenterology and Hepatology Saint Michael’s Medical Center in Affiliation with New York Medical CollegeNewarkNJ 07102United States Gastroenterology Chandan Institute of Liver and Biliary SciencesLucknow 226001India Medicine Suburban Medical CenterNorristownPA 19401United States Medicine Saint Michael’s Medical Center in Affiliation with New York Medical CollegeNewarkNJ 07102United States

Adults have approximately 20 feet of small intestine,which is the primary site for absorbing essential nutrients and *** of the intestine for any medical reason may result in short bowel syndrome(SBS),leading to loss of major absorptive surface area and resulting in various malabsorption and motility *** mainstay of treatment is personalized close dietary *** we present SBS with its pathophysiology and different nutritional management options *** central perspective of this paper is to provide a concise review of SBS and the treatment options available,along with how proper nutrition can solve major dietary issues in SBS and help patients recover faster.

关键词： Short bowel Small bowel resection Malabsorption Nutrition Intestinal transplantation

Effects of thymidine phosphorylase on tumor aggressiveness and 5-fluorouracil sensitivity in cholangiocarcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第13期16卷 1631-1638页

作者： Jongkonnee Thanasai Temduang Limpaiboon Patcharee Jearanaikoon Banchob Sripa Chawalit Pairojkul Srisurang Tantimavanich Masanao Miwa Department of Clinical Microbiology Faculty of Medical Technology Mahidol University Department of Clinical Chemistry Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences Khon Kaen University Department of Clinical Chemistry Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories Faculty of Associated Medical SciencesKhon Kaen University Department of Pathology Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center Faculty of Medicine Khon Kaen University Nagahama Institute of Bio-Science and Technology

AIM: To evaluate the role of thymidine phosphorylase (TP) in cholangiocarcinoma using small interfering RNA (siRNA). METHODS: A human cholangiocarcinoma-derived cell line KKU-M139, which has a naturally high level of endogenous TP, had TP expression transiently knocked down using siRNA. Cell growth, migration, in vitro angiogenesis, apoptosis, and cytotoxicity were assayed in TP knockdown and wild-type cell lines. RESULTS: TP mRNA and protein expression were decreased by 87.1% ± 0.49% and 72.5% ± 3.2%, respectively, compared with control cells. Inhibition of TP significantly decreased migration of KKU-M139, and suppressed migration and tube formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells. siRNA also reduced the ability of TP to resist hypoxia-induced apoptosis, while suppression of TP reduced the sensitivity of KKU-M139 to 5-fluorouracil. CONCLUSION: Inhibition of TP may be beneficial in decreasing angiogenesis-dependent growth and migration of cholangiocarcinoma but may diminish the response to 5-fluorouracil chemotherapy.

关键词： liver fluke Cholangiocarcinoma Thymidine phosphorylase 5-fluorouracil siRNA Tumor aggressiveness Cell migration

The spatial variability of actual evapotranspiration across the Amazon River Basin based on remote sensing products validated with flux towers

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Ecological Processes 2019年第1期8卷 67-86页

作者： Victor Hugo da Motta Paca Gonzalo E.Espinoza-Dávalos Tim M.Hessels Daniel Medeiros Moreira Georges F.Comair Wim G.M.Bastiaanssen IHE Delft Institute for Water Education Westvest 7Delft 2611 AXNetherlands TU Delft DelftNetherlands CPRM-Geological Survey of Brazil Rio de JaneiroBrazil World Bank WashingtonD.C.USA

Actual evapotranspiration(ET)is a major component of the water *** several international flux measurement programs have been executed in the tropical rain forest of the Amazon,those measurements represent the evaporative process at a few selected sites *** aim of this study is to obtain the spatial distribution of ET,using remote sensing techniques,across the entire Amazon River *** from six global ET products based on remote sensing techniques(GLEAM,SEBS,ALEXI,CMRSET,MOD16,and SSEBop)were merged to obtain an ensemble prediction of the ET rates for the complex and in-accessible environment of the Amazon at a spatial resolution of 250 *** study shows that the basinwide average ET is 1316 mm/year with a standard deviation of 192 mm/*** new ET-Amazon product was validated against seven different historic flux tower *** energy balance closure of the in situ measurements varied between 86 and 116%.Only months with more than 70%completeness of in situ measurements were considered for *** procedures for closure correction were included in the *** correlation between measured and remotely sensed ET is good(R2>0.97 for consecutive periods of 2 to 12months),and the bias correction is negligible for the energy balance residual method,which seemed most *** ET values have more *** monthly RMSE values vary between 7.4 and 27.8 mm/month(the average RMSE is 22.2mm/month),and the coefficient of determination(R2)varies between 0.48 and 0.87(the average R2 is 0.53).The ET from the water balance is 1380 mm/year,being−64 mm/year difference and 4.6%less than ET derived from the water *** evaporation from the Amazon basin inside Brazil is 5063 km3/year,followed by Peru with 1165 km3/***-Amazon shows more spatial details and accuracy than alternative global ET products such as LandFlux-EVAL,Model Tree Ensemble(MTE),and *** justifies the development of new regional ET pro

关键词： Amazon River Basin Evapotranspiration Flux towers measurements ET-Amazon product

Making Biological Materials

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2005年第4期2卷 209-237页

作者： Julian F.V.Vincent Centre for Biomimetics and Natural Technologies Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Bath Bath BA2 7AY UK

1 Chemistry and synthesis 1.1 Production and control of materials These days there can be few people who do not know that proteins are defined by DNA. DNA is made of two strands, each of which has along it, like a string of fairy lights, side branches that meet between the strands and hold them together. It is the sequence of these paired side branches （bases） that stores the information needed to define a protein. Three of the bases in sequence provide the information which, translated by the cell＇ s machinery, codes for a particular amino acid. Amino acids polymerise to make up specific proteins and, eventually, us. In defining an organism, that can weigh several tons, in its sequence of bases, the minute amount of DNA necessary for this task is an amazing example of data compression. When I was at school in Cambridge, shortly after Crick and Watson had worked out the basic structure of DNA for their Nobel prize, an enterprising breakfast cereal company had a cardboard cut-out DNA double spiral on the back of their packets. No doubt if you ate enough breakfasts you could save up for a whole gene. I don＇ t know what bit of protein the DNA coded for - I suspect no one did at the time. I remember another of the big names in genetics, Sydney Brenner （whose son went to our school and who later also got a Nobel prize）,

关键词： Making Biological Materials

Detection of Hepatitis B Virus M204V Mutation Quantitatively via Real-time PCR

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2021年第2期9卷 143-148页

作者： Jingjing Liang Xinmiao Liang Hong Ma Leng Nie Ying Tian Guang Chen Yu Wang liver Research Center Beijing Friendship HospitalCapital Medical UniversityNational Clinical Research Center of Digestive DiseasesBeijingChina Technical center of Beijing Customs District BeijingChina Suzhou Primreg Gene Company SuzhouChina Department of Geriatrics Beijing Friendship HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Department of Interventional Radiology Beijing Friendship HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina

Background and Aims:Drug-resistant DNA mutations of the hepatitis B virus(HBV)affect treatment response in chronic hepatitis B *** have established a new,sensitive,specific,accurate and convenient real-time PCR method to detect HBV mutations ***:Blood samples were collected from patients showing viral breakthrough,primary nonresponse,or poor response during treatment,and mutations were detected via direct sequencing to assess our method.A plasmid containing the M204V mutation was synthesized and standard curves ***:The determination coefficient for linear correlation between Ct and log plasmid copy numbers was 0.996,where Ct value was−3.723log(DNA concentration)+*** of variation indicated good *** was within tolerable *** of detection was 103 copies/***,accuracy,positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 92.86%,100%,96.88%,100%and 94.74%,***:These results show that our method can be used to detect HBV M204V mutations with the advantages of sensitivity,specificity and efficiency,providing a new choice for monitoring drug resistance.

关键词： HBV DNA Drug-resistance mutation Real-time PCR DNA sequencing

EBV LMP2A-specific T Cell Immune Responses Elicited by Dendritic Cells Loaded with LMP2A Protein

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2009年第4期6卷 269-276页

作者： Yun Chen Hua Sun Genyan Liu Bing Wang Fang Wang Beicheng Sun Kun Yao Department of Microbiology and Immunology Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210029 China liver Transplant Center The 1st Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing MedicalUniversity Nanjing 210029 China Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine University of TexasHealth Science Center at Houston Houston TX 77030 USA Department of Laboratory Medicine The 1 st Affiliated Hospital of NanjingMedical University Nanjing 210029 China Department of Microbiology and Immunology Nanjing Medical University Nanjing 210029 China

Type Ⅱ Epstein-Barr virus （EBV） associated malignancies such as nasopharyngeal carcinoma and non-Hodgkin＇s lymphomas consistently express latent membrane 2A （LMP2A） proteins, which have been suggested to be an ideal target for immunotherapy. In previous studies we have demonstrated that using LMP2A protein loaded dendritic cells, the most powerful antigen processing cells in the body can elicit specific and robust anti-tumor cellular immune response in vitro. In this paper, we further investigated the T cell profile of the anti-tumor immune response. We found that LMP2A specific CD4＋ and CD8＋ T cells could be stimulated by LMP2A protein loaded dendritic cells （DCs）. The Thl type immune response is dominant in the immune response mediated by LMP2A specific CD4^＋ T cells. The CD8^＋ cytotoxic T cells can lyse LMP2A bearing cells effectively and specifically. The CD8^＋ cytotoxic T cells can also secrete high level of intracellular IFN-γ, which indicates these cells are EBV-LMP2A specific cytotoxic T cells. Altogether, our studies proved that LMP2A protein loaded DCs can elicit anti-tumor cellular immune responses efficiently. This study provides a rationale for the DC-based immunotherapy against EBV-LMP2A expressing malignancies.

关键词： Epstein-Barr virus latent membrane 2 dendritic cell cytotoxicity

Modelling of the Whole Process of a University Campus CHP Power Plant and Dynamic Performance Study

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International Journal of Automation and computing 2016年第1期13卷 53-63页

作者： Yue Wang Akmaral Bermukhambetova Ji-Hong Wang Mark Donner Jun-Fu Lv Qi-Rui Gao School of Engineering University of Warwick Coventry CV4 7AL UK Laboratory of Intelligent Systems and Energy Emeiency Nazarbayev University Astana 010000 Kazakhstan Department of Thermal Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China

Combined heat and power （CHP） refers to a process/system designed to utilize the waste or residual heat from a power generation process. Thus, a CHP plant can produce both electricity and heat. The nature of such a combination makes the process more complex than any single power generation process or boiler heating system. The paper focuses on modelling study and analysis of energy efficiency of the University of Warwick micro-CHP power plant. In this CHP modelling study, a gas turbine module is built to provide driving power and methane is used as fuel gas. Heat recovery system and auxiliary boiler modules are developed for thermal power generation. All the sub-systems are validated by comparing the simulation results with the operating data collected from the CHP plant. The dynamic performance of the key CHP process outputs is studied with respect to the variation of the input syngas stream, including electricity generation, thermal power output and water output temperature. Simplified controllers are also applied to the gas engineheat recovery subsystem and auxiliary boiler. Simulation results with/without feedback control are both analyzed. The study has highlighted the key factors which influence the plant performance and suggested the strategy for potential energy efficiency improvement.

关键词： Combined heat and power (CHP) dynamic performance gas engine boiler thermal power.