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Direct-Seeded Rice: Genetic Improvement of Game-Changing Traits for Better Adaption

Rice science 2024年第4期31卷 417-433页

作者： Priyanka NEGI Jagadish RANE Rajendra Sadashiv WAGH Tukaram Jayaram BHOR Dipti Digambar GODSE Priyanka JADHAV C.ANILKUMAR Dasari SREEKANTH K.SAMMI REDDY Sharad Ramrao GADAKH K.M.BORAIH C.B.HARISHA P.S.BASAVARAJ Indian Council of Agricultural Research(icar)-national institute of Abiotic stress management Baramati 413115India Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth Rahuri 413722India icar-Central institute for Arid Horticulture Bikaner 334006India icar-national Rice Research institute Cuttack 753006India icar-Directorate of Weed Research Jabalpur 482004India Dr.Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth Akola 444104India

The sustainability of rice production continues to be a subject of uncertainty and inquiry attributed to shifts in climatic conditions. In light of the impending climate change crisis and the high labor and water costs accompanying it, direct-seeded rice(DSR) is unquestionably one of the most practical solutions. Despite its resource and climate-friendly advantages, early maturing rice faces weed competitiveness and seedling establishment challenges. Resolving these issues is crucial for promoting its wider adoption among farmers, presenting it as a more effective sustainable rice cultivation method globally. Diverse traditional and contemporary breeding methods are employed to mitigate the limitations of the DSR approach, leveraging advanced techniques such as speed breeding and genome editing. Focusing on key traits like mesocotyl length elongation, early seedling vigor, root system architecture, and weed competitiveness holds promise for transformative improvements in DSR adaptation at a broader scale within farming communities. This review aims to summarize how these features contribute to increased crop production in DSR conditions and explore the research efforts focusing on enhancing DSR adaptation through these traits. Emphasizing the pivotal role of these game-changing traits in DSR adaptation, our analysis sheds light on their potential transformative impact and offers valuable insights for advancing DSR practices.

关键词： climate change direct-seeded rice aerobic rice early vigor trait

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Effects of simulated gut pH environment on bacterial composition and pheromone production of Dendroctonus valens

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Insect Science 2024年第1期31卷 225-235页

作者： Qingjie Cao Yu Zhao Tuuli-Marjaana Koski Huiping Li Jianghua Sun College of Forestry Hebei Agricultural UniversityBaodingHebei ProvinceChina State Key Laboratory of Integrated management of Pest Insects and Rodents Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina College of Life Science/Hebei Basic Science Center for biotic Interactions Institute of Life Science and Green DevelopmentHebei UniversityBaodingHebei ProvinceChina

Bark beetles are an economically and ecologically important insect group,with aggregation behavior and thus host colonization success depends on pheromone-mediated *** some species,such as the major invasive forest pest in China,red turpentine beetle(Dendroctonus valens),gut microbiota participates in pheromone production by converting tree monoterpenes into pheromone ***,how variation in gut microenvironment,such as pH,affects the gut microbial composition,and consequently pheromone production,is *** this study,we fed wild caught *** with 3 different pH media(main host diet with natural pH of 4.7;a mildly acidic diet with pH 6 mimicking the beetle gut pH;and highly acidic diet with pH 4),and measured their effects on the gut pH,bacterial community and production of the main aggregation and anti-aggregation pheromone(verbenone).We further tested the verbenone production capacity of 2 gut bacterial isolates in different pH environments(pH 6 and 4).Compared to natural state or main host diet,feeding on less acidic diet(pH 6)diluted the acidity of the gut,whereas feeding on highly acidic diet(pH 4)enhanced *** changes in gut pH reduced the abundance of dominant bacterial genera,resulting in decreased verbenone ***,the highest pheromone conversion rate of the bacterial isolates was observed in pH mimicking the acidity in beetle *** together,these results indicate that changes in gut pH can affect gut microbiota composition and pheromone production,and may therefore have the potential to affect host colonization behavior.

关键词： Dendroctonus valens gut bacteria gut pH verbenone

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The combined effect of bromadiolone and ivermectin (iBr) in controlling both rodents and their fleas

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第1期19卷 156-164页

作者： Ming LIU Xinrong WAN Wei LIU Xingan MA Zhibin ZHANG State Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest management Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina CAS Center for Excellence in biotic Interactions University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Inner Mongolia Minzu University TongliaoInner MongoliaChina International Society of Zoological Sciences BeijingChina

Rodent pests not only cause severe agricultural loss but also spread zoonotic pathogens to human ***-agulant rodenticides are widely used to decrease the population densities of rodents but often lead to the spillover of ectoparasites becausefleas and ticks may gather on surviving ***,it is necessary to killfleas and ticks before culling rodents to minimize the risk of pathogen *** this study,we used a mixture of ivermectin(an antiparasitic drug)and bromadiolone(an anticoagulant rodenticide)to control both rodent andflea/tick *** found that in a laboratory test,0.01%ivermectin bait was not lethal for greater long-tailed hamsters after 7 days of treatment,while 0.1%ivermectin bait was lethal for approximately 33%of treated *** afield test,bait containing 0.001%,0.005%,0.01%,and 0.05%ivermectin decreased the number offleas per vole of Brandt’s voles to 0.42,0.22,0.12,and 0.2,respectively,compared with 0.77 in the control group,indicating that 0.01%ivermectin bait performed best in *** another laboratory test,bait containing a 0.01%ivermectin and 0.005%bromadiolone mixture caused the death of all voles within 6–14 days after the intake of the *** thefield test,the bait containing 0.01%ivermectin and 0.005%bromadiolone reduced the average number offleas per vole to 0.35,which was significantly lower than the 0.77 of the control *** results indicate that a 0.01%ivermectin and 0.005%bromadiolone mixture could be used to control both rodents andfleas to minimize the spillover risk of disease transmission when using traditional rodenticides.

关键词： bromadiolone flea iBr ivermectin rodent synergistic control

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Adipokinetic hormone signaling regulates adult dehydration resistance in the migratory locust

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第9期 3104-3117页

作者： Xianliang Huang Dai Shi Kai Deng Shuzhen Jia Ding Ding Li Hou Bing Chen College of Life Sciences Hebei University Hebei Basic Science Center for biotic Interaction Hebei University State Key Laboratory of Integrated management of Pest Insects and Rodents Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of Sciences

Drought events have become more severe under climate change, and this can pose a major threat to the survival of various organisms. The molecular mechanisms involved in dehydration resistance are not well known. Here, adults of the migratory locust, Locusta migratoria, were subjected to food-mediated dehydration, and adipokinetic hormone(AKH) signaling was found to play a key role in regulating dehydration resistance. Specifically, dehydration shortened the lifespan, increased the body weight loss, and reduced the water loss rate in adult locusts. Global transcriptome profiles revealed variations in tissue-specific gene expression between dehydration-resistant locusts and normal locusts. Importantly, dehydration selection and exposure induced prominent expression of AKH genes in the retrocerebral complex of adult locusts. Furthermore, individual knockdown of AKH1, AKH2, or AKH receptor(AKHR) accelerated water loss and shortened the lifespan of adult locusts under dehydration conditions, and trehalose supplementation ameliorated the negative effects caused by interference with AKH or AKHR. These findings demonstrated that AKH/AKHR signaling-dependent trehalose metabolism plays a crucial role in regulating locust dehydration resistance and thus provide novel insights into the regulatory mechanism underlying drought resistance.

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Plants affect the horizontal transmission of a new densovirus infecting the green peach aphid Myzus persicae by modulating honeydew production

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Insect Science 2024年第1期31卷 236-254页

作者： Ya Guo Yani Zhao Yang Yang Yahong Zhang Yuying Li Honggang Tian Tong-Xian Liu Zhaofei Li State Key Laboratory of Crop stress Biology for Arid Areas Key Laboratory of Northwest Loess Plateau Crop Pest Management of Ministry of AgricultureCollege of Plant ProtectionNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina institute of Entomology and institute of Plant Health&Medicine Guizhou UniversityGuiyangChina

In a tritrophic context of plant-insect-entomopathogen,plants play important roles in modulating the interaction of insects and their pathogenic ***,the influence of plants on the transmission of insect viruses has been mainly studied on baculoviruses and some RNA viruses,whereas the impact of plants on other insect viruses is largely ***,we identified a new densovirus infecting the green peach aphid Myzus persicae and tested whether and how host plants influence the transmission of the aphid *** complete single-stranded DNA genome of the virus,*** densovirus 2,is 5727 nt and contains inverted terminal *** and phylogenetic analysis indicated that the virus was distinct from other a few identified aphid *** virus abundance was detected highly in the intestinal tract of aphids,compared with the lower level of it in other tissues including head,embryo,and *** and pepper plants had no obvious effect on the vertical transmission and saliva-mediated horizontal transmission of the ***,the honeydew-mediated horizontal transmission among aphids highly depended on host plants(65%on cabbages versus 17%on peppers).Although the virus concentration in the honeydew produced by aphids between 2 plants was similar,the honeydew production of the infected aphids reared on peppers was dramatically *** together,our results provide evidence that plants influence the horizontal transmission of a new densovirus in an aphid population by modulating honeydew secretion of aphids,suggesting plants may manipulate the spread of an aphid-pathogenic densovirus in nature.

关键词： aphids densovirus host plants MpDV2 Myzus persicae transmission

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Preliminary geological interpretation of long-wavelength magnetic anomalies over China and surrounding regions

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第3期8卷 445-458页

作者： Jie Wang YanYan Yang ZhiMa Zeren Jian Wang Xin Wang YuXin Luo XuHui Shen national institute of Natural Hazards Ministry of Emergency Management of ChinaBeijing 100085China Key Laboratory of Compound and Chained Natural Hazards Dynamics Ministry of Emergency Management of ChinaBeijing 100085China School of Emergency management Science and Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China national Space Science Center Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

Long-wavelength(>500 km)magnetic anomalies originating in the lithosphere were first found in satellite magnetic *** to the striking magnetic anomalies around the world,the long-wavelength magnetic anomalies in China and surrounding regions are relatively *** research on each of these anomalies has been quite inadequate;their geological origins remain unclear,in particular their connection to tectonic activity in the Chinese and surrounding *** focus on six magnetic high anomalies over the(1)Tarim Basin,(2)Sichuan Basin(3)Great Xing’an Range,(4)Barmer Basin,(5)Central Myanmar Basin,and(6)Sunda and Banda Arcs,and a striking magnetic low anomaly along the southern part of the Himalayan-Tibetan *** have analyzed their geological origins by reviewing related research and by detailed comparison with geological *** tectonic backgrounds for these anomalies belong to two cases:either ancient basin basement,or subduction-collision ***,the geological origins of large-scale regional magnetic anomalies are always subject to dispute,mainly because of limited surface exposure of sources,later tectonic destruction,and superposition of multi-phase events.

关键词： long-wavelength magnetic anomaly lithospheric magnetic anomaly lithospheric magnetic field model satellite magnetic survey CSES

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Turnip mosaic virus pathogenesis and host resistance mechanisms in Brassica

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2024年第4期10卷 947-960页

作者： Guanwei Wu Xinxin Fang Tianqi Yu Jianping Chen Fei Yan State Key Laboratory for Managing biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products Institute of Plant VirologyNingbo UniversityNingboZhejiang 315211China Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MARA and Zhejiang Province Institute of Plant VirologyNingbo UniversityNingboZhejiang 315211China

Turnip mosaic virus(TuMV)is a devastating potyvirus pathogen that infects a wide variety of both cultivated and wild Brassicaceae *** urgently need more information and understanding of TuMV pathogenesis and the host responses involved in disease development in cruciferous *** displays great versatility in viral pathogenesis,especially in its replication and intercellular ***,in the coevolutionary arms races between TuMV and its hosts,the virus has evolved to co-opt host factors to facilitate its infection and counter host defense *** review mainly focuses on recent advances in understanding the viral factors that contribute to the TuMV infection cycle and the host resistance mechanism in ***,we propose some future research directions on TuMV pathogenesis and control strategies to design durable TuMV-resistant Brassica crops.

关键词： Turnip mosaic virus Brassica Resistance genes Host factors Infection biology

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Study of factors influencing the occurrence rate of 60 Hz power line radiation in the topside ionosphere:A systematic survey using the CSES satellite

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第6期67卷 1879-1892页

作者： MA ZhenHui ZHAO ShuFan LIAO Li SHEN XuHui LU HengXin School of Emergency management Science and Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China State Key Laboratory of Space Weather National Space Science CenterChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China Key Laboratory of Solar Activity and Space Weather National Space Science CenterChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China national institute of Natural Hazards Ministry of Emergency Management of ChinaBeijing100085China institute of Geophysics China Earthquake AdministrationBeijing100081China

We analyze the topside ionosphere power line radiation(PLR)at 60 Hz over the US using electric field data collected by CSES satellite between January 2019 and December *** study aimed to further investigate the month-to-month variation characteristic of PLR occurrence rate observed by satellite and its several influencing factors,including solar radiation,lightning activity,and try to clarify the influence of electricity *** results show that the solar radiation(solar zenith angle and F10.7)plays a major role in the variation of the PLR occurrence rate,and that there is no direct connection with the number of *** the relationship between PLR occurrence rate and electricity consumption,the low occurrence rate associated with decreased weekend electricity consumption was not observed in the ***,there is a significant difference in PLR occurrence rate between the East and West Coasts of the US at the same latitude during the same time period,suggesting that the significant difference in PLR occurrence rate is caused by the significant difference in electricity consumption between the two *** excluding the effect of solar radiation on PLR occurrence rate,we concluded that only a significant difference in regional electricity consumption could lead to a corresponding change in PLR occurrence rate detected by the Low-Earth-Orbit ***,we also found there is seasonal variation in the diurnal differences of the PLR occurrence rate caused by seasonal variation of the lower ionosphere.

关键词： CSES satellite power line radiation occurrence rate solar radiation lightning activity electricity consumption

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Impact of climate change on food security in the Central Asian countries

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第1期67卷 268-280页

作者： Fang SU Yu LIU Lvfan CHEN Rustam OROZBAEV Liangcheng TAN School of Economics and management Northwest UniversityXi’an 710127China School of Economics and management Shaanxi University of Science and TechnologyXi’an 710021China State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology Institute of Earth EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXi’an 710061China institute of Geology National Academy of Sciences of Kyrgyz RepublicBishkek 720040Kyrgyzstan institute of Global Environmental Change Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China

The current and potential impacts of global warming have generated widespread concerns about food security among all sectors of *** Asian countries located deep in the interior of Asia with fragile ecological environments and lower agricultural technology are particularly more prone to severe threats from climate *** on panel data acquired in five Central Asian countries from 1990 to 2019,a C-D-C model was developed to study how climate change affects food security in the region and to predict future *** study found that the level of food security has generally increased for these five Central Asian countries over the past 30 years,with Kazakhstan and Tajikistan having the highest and lowest food security levels,*** average annual temperature and precipitation exhibit an inverted U-shaped relationship with the region’s food security,with the most positive effect on the food security of *** high and low temperatures have significantly affected food security in the studied region,with Turkmenistan experiencing the most significant negative *** number of frost days had no significant effect on food *** analysis of future climate showed that the temperature and precipitation in Central Asia will continue to increase from 2030 to 2090,which will negatively impact the food security of these *** is recommended that the Central Asian countries enhance their understanding of climate risks,strengthen scientific climate research,and develop multiple adaptation strategies in ***,they are encouraged to consolidate international cooperation,reducing greenhouse gas emissions effectively and maintaining the ability to ensure food security.

关键词： Global warming Extreme climate Food security Future forecasts Five Central Asian countries

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A Multi-Objective Optimization for Locating Maintenance Stations and Operator Dispatching of Corrective Maintenance

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第6期79卷 3519-3547页

作者： Chao-Lung Yang Melkamu Mengistnew Teshome Yu-Zhen Yeh Tamrat Yifter Meles Department of Industrial management National Taiwan University of Science and TechnologyTaipie106Taiwan Department of Industrial Engineering University of Gondar Institute of TechnologyGondar196Ethiopia

In this study,we introduce a novel multi-objective optimization model tailored for modern manufacturing,aiming to mitigate the cost impacts of operational disruptions through optimized corrective *** to our approach is the strategic placement of maintenance stations and the efficient allocation of personnel,addressing a crucial gap in the integration of maintenance personnel dispatching and station *** model uniquely combines the spatial distribution of machinery with the expertise of operators to achieve a harmonious balance between maintenance efficiency and *** core of our methodology is the NSGA Ⅲ+Dispatch,an advanced adaptation of the Non-Dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm Ⅲ(NSGA-Ⅲ),meticulously designed for the selection of maintenance stations and effective operator *** method integrates a comprehensive coding process,crossover operator,and mutation operator to efficiently manage multiple *** empirical testing,including a detailed analysis from a taiwan region electronic equipment manufacturer,validated the effectiveness of our approach across various scenarios of machine failure frequencies and operator *** findings reveal that the proposed model significantly outperforms current practices by reducing response times by up to 23%in low-frequency and 28.23%in high-frequency machine failure scenarios,leading to notable improvements in efficiency and cost ***,it demonstrates significant improvements in oper-ational efficiency,particularly in selective high-frequency failure contexts,while ensuring substantial manpower cost savings without compromising on operational *** research significantly advances maintenance strategies in production environments,providing the manufacturing industry with practical,optimized solutions for diverse machine malfunction ***,the methodologies and principles developed in this study have pote

关键词： Corrective maintenance multi-objective optimization non-dominated sorting genetic algorithmⅢ operator allocation maintenance station location

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