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Double mulching improves soil properties and productivity of maize-based cropping system in eastern Indian Himalayas

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2020年第3期8卷 308-320页

作者： Bidyapati Ngangom Anup Das Rattan Lal Ramkrushna Gandhiji Idapuganti Jayanta Layek Savita Basavaraj Subhash Babu Gulab Singh Yadav Probir Kumar Ghosh icar Research Complex for NEH Region UmiamMeghalayaIndia Krishi Vigyan kendra-icar Research Complex for NEH Region Arunachal Pradesh CentreBasarArunachal PradeshIndia College of Post Graduate Studies Central Agricultural UniversityUmiamMeghalayaIndia icar Research Complex for NEH Region Tripura CentreLembucherraTripuraIndia Carbon Management and Sequestration Centre Ohio State UniversityUSA icar-Central Institute for Cotton Research NagpurMaharashtraIndia icar-krishivigyan kendra IndiUniversity of Agricultural SciencesDharwadIndia icar-Indian Agricultural Research Institute New DelhiIndia icar-National Institute of Biotic Stress Management RaipurChhattisgarhIndia

A field experiment was conducted for two consecutive years at North Eastern Indian Himalayan region to assess the effect of soil moisture conservation measures on soil and water productivity of different rainfed maize(Zea mays L.)-based cropping *** revealed that double mulching with in-situ maize stover mulch(MSM)+fresh biomass of white hoary pea(WHP-Tephrosia candida)and MSM+fresh biomass of ragweed(RW-Ambrosia artemisiifolia)improved soil moisture content(SMC)and leaf relative water content of crops during dry *** soil organic carbon(SOC)content and stocks under MSM+WHP and MSM+RW mulches were significantly higher than that under no mulch at 0-15 cm *** soil microbial biomass carbon and dehydrogenase activity were maximum under MSM+WHP/*** highest system productivity was obtained from maize-French bean(Pole type-PT)sequence under MSM+RW followed by MSM+*** water productivity was the highest under MSM+*** SOC content was the highest under maize-French bean(PT),the maximum plant available nitrogen and phosphorus were obtained under maize-black gram ***,double mulching technology involving MSM and RW(available in plenty)is a viable option for improving soil,crop and water productivity under rainfed hill ecosystems of eastern Indian Himalayas.

关键词： Cropping systems Rainfed agriculture Residual soil moisture Soil properties Water productivity

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Institutional performance and participatory paradigms: Comparing two groups of watersheds in semi-arid region of India

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2020年第2期8卷 164-172页

作者： Biswajit Mondal Nagarajan Loganandhan Sekhargowda L.Patil Anurag Raizada Suresh Kumar Gopal L.Bagdi icar-National Rice Research Institute(NRRI) CuttackIndia Krishi Vigyan kendra HirehalliICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural ResearchBangaloreIndia icar-Indian Institute of Soil&Water Conservation BellaryIndia National Research Centre on Integrated Farming Pipra KothiEast ChamparanIndia icar-Central Sheep and Wool Research Institute AvikanagarIndia

Watershed development programmes carried out in different agroclimatic conditions in India resulted in beneficial impact in terms of productivity enhancement and natural resources conservation, but less attention paid to institutional and participatory aspects. This paper explored the performance of various institutions regarding execution of watershed development programmes in semi-arid region of India. Recorded observations from documents maintained at watershed level and information collected through primary survey as well as focus group discussion with different types of stakeholders were used for analysis. The results indicated lacunae in participatory aspects during programme implementation process like monitoring activities, management of common property resources and equity. Gap in linkages and differential level of performance of various watershed level functionaries indicates the necessity for corrections in the structures and linkages pattern for sustainability of the infrastructure and institutions. The study also showed unequal priorities by the implementing agencies towards in-stitutions, land and water resources development, production enhancement activities and fodder re-sources development as well as rationalities of technical, economic, financial, political and social aspects among the watersheds.

关键词： Participation paradigm index Participatory watershed development index Rationality analysis Semi-arid region Stakeholder analysis Watershed development programme

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