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Tree‑Inspired Structurally Graded Aerogel with Synergistic Water,Salt,and Thermal Transport for High‑Salinity Solar‑Powered Evaporation

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第11期16卷 19-37页

作者： Xiaomeng Zhao Heng Zhang Kit‑Ying Chan Xinyue Huang Yunfei Yang Xi Shen Department of Aeronautical and Aviation Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong Kong SARPeople’s Republic of China Research Institute for Sports Science and Technology The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong Kong SARPeople’s Republic of China Research Institute for Advanced Manufacturing The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong Kong SARPeople’s Republic of China

Solar-powered interfacial evaporation is an energy-efficient solution for water *** requires solar absorbers to facilitate upward water transport and limit the heat to the surface for efficient ***,downward salt ion transport is also desired to prevent salt ***,achieving simultaneously fast water uptake,downward salt transport,and heat localization is challenging due to highly coupled water,mass,and thermal ***,we develop a structurally graded aerogel inspired by tree transport systems to collectively optimize water,salt,and thermal *** arched aerogel features root-like,fan-shaped microchannels for rapid water uptake and downward salt diffusion,and horizontally aligned pores near the surface for heat localization through maximizing solar absorption and minimizing conductive heat *** structural characteristics gave rise to consistent evaporation rates of 2.09 kg m^(-2) h^(-1) under one-sun illumination in a 3.5 wt%NaCl solution for 7 days without *** in a high-salinity solution of 20 wt%NaCl,the evaporation rates maintained stable at 1.94 kg m^(-2) h^(-1) for 8 h without salt crystal *** work offers a novel microstructural design to address the complex interplay of water,salt,and thermal transport.

关键词： Composite aerogel Graded structure Solar-powered evaporation Thermal insulation Salt rejection

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Personal Thermal Management by Radiative Cooling and Heating

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第8期16卷 225-267页

作者： Shidong Xue Guanghan Huang Qing Chen Xungai Wang Jintu Fan Dahua Shou School of Fashion and Textiles The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong Kong 999077People’s Republic of China Future Intelligent Wear Centre The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong Kong 999077People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Precision Electronic Manufacturing Technology and Equipment Guangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006People’s Republic of China Shanghai International Fashion Innovation Center Donghua UniversityShanghai 200051People’s Republic of China Research Centre of Textiles for Future Fashion The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong Kong 999077People’s Republic of China Research Institute for Smart Energy The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong Kong 999077People’s Republic of China

Maintaining thermal comfort within the human body is crucial for optimal health and overall *** merely broadening the setpoint of indoor temperatures,we could significantly slash energy usage in building heating,ventilation,and air-conditioning *** recent years,there has been a surge in advancements in personal thermal management(PTM),aiming to regulate heat and moisture transfer within our immediate surroundings,clothing,and *** advent of PTM is driven by the rapid development in nano/micro-materials and energy science and *** emerging research area in PTM is personal radiative thermal management(PRTM),which demonstrates immense potential with its high radiative heat transfer efficiency and ease of ***,it is less taken into account in traditional textiles,and there currently lies a gap in our knowledge and understanding of *** this review,we aim to present a thorough analysis of advanced textile materials and technologies for ***,we will introduce and discuss the underlying radiation heat transfer mechanisms,fabrication methods of textiles,and various indoor/outdoor applications in light of their different regulation functionalities,including radiative cooling,radiative heating,and dual-mode ***,we will shine a light on the current hurdles,propose potential strategies,and delve into future technology trends for PRTM with an emphasis on functionalities and applications.

关键词： Personal thermal management Radiative cooling and heating Thermal comfort Dynamic thermoregulation

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Heterogeneous MXene-based films with graded electrical conductivity towards highly efficient EMI shielding and electrothermal heating

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Nano Research 2024年第8期17卷 7264-7274页

作者： Yu Zhang Guangcheng Zhang Zhonglei Ma Jianbin Qin Xi Shen Department of Aeronautical and Aviation Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong KongChina Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China Research Institute for Sports Science and Technology The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong KongChina

The increasing need for electromagnetic interference(EMI)shielding of electronics in cold environments such as those in aircraft,space exploration,and wearable heaters to avoid hazardous icing conditions or hypothermia requires the development of thin and lightweight EMI shielding materials preferably by absorbing rather than reflecting electromagnetic(EM)waves while also generating heat through energy-efficient electrothermal ***,it is challenging to achieve absorption-dominant EMI shielding and energy-efficient electrothermal heating simultaneously in a thin and lightweight ***,we develop a heterogeneous composite film comprising a porous multi-walled carbon nanotubes(MWCNTs)/bacterial cellulose(BC)film and an aligned MXene/Ag nanowires(NWs)backing via a sequential vacuum filtration *** porous film contains random conductive networks of MWCNTs with moderate conductivity while the aligned MXene sheets atop Ag NWs network affords high conductivity in the backing,giving rise to graded electrical conductivity for absorption-dominant EMI *** increasing Ag NW coverage leads to significantly increased electrical conductivity without increasing the EM wave reflection as well as the density and thickness of the film,yielding excellent specific EMI shielding effectiveness(>8500 dB/(g·cm^(2))),low driving voltage for energy-efficient electrothermal heating(163℃at 2.5 V),and fast response time(60 s)at a low areal density of 0.015 mg/cm^(2).Combining EMI shielding and electrothermal heating,the heterogeneous film developed here are promising contenders for the protection of electronic equipment in low-temperature environment.

关键词： heterogenous composite film MXene electromagnetic interference(EMI)shielding thermal management

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Tailoring the microstructure of Mg-Al-Sn-RE alloy via friction stir processing and the impact on its electrochemical discharge behaviour as the anode for Mg-air battery

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第4期12卷 1554-1565页

作者： Jingjing Liu Hao Hu Tianqi Wu Jinpeng Chen Xusheng Yang Naiguang Wang Zhicong Shi School of Materials and Energy Guangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China Hunan Institute of Metrology and Test Changsha 410014China Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong KongChina

Constructing the magnesium alloy with fine grains,low density of dislocations,and weak crystal orientation is of crucial importance to enhance its comprehensive performance as the anode for Mg-air ***,this unique microstructure can hardly be achieved with conventional plastic deformation such as rolling or ***,we tailor the microstructure of Mg-Al-Sn-RE alloy by using the friction stir processing,which obviously refines the grains without increasing dislocation density or strengthening crystal *** Mg-air battery with the processed Mg-Al-Sn-RE alloy as the anode exhibits higher discharge voltages and capacities than that employing the untreated ***,the impact of friction stir processing on the electrochemical discharge behaviour of Mg-Al-Sn-RE anode and the corresponding mechanism are also analysed according to microstructure characterization and electrochemical response.

关键词： Magnesium anode Electrochemical discharge behaviour Mg-air battery Friction stir processing

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Significant annealing-induced hardening effect in nanolaminate d-nanotwinne d(CrCoNi)_(97.4)Al_(0.8)Ti_(1.8)me dium-entropy alloy by severe cold rolling

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第3期170卷 156-166页

作者： Shuqing Yuan Hui Fu Lei Qian Chi Fai Cheung Xu-Sheng Yang State Key Laboratory of Ultra-precision Machining Technology Department of Industrial and Systems EngineeringThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong KongChina Hong Kong Polytechnic university Shenzhen Research Institute Shenzhen 518060China

Due to the easy coarsening caused by poor thermal stability,the verified annealing-induced hardening in nanograined metals can only maintain at a relatively low-temperature *** this study,a nanolam-inated(CrCoNi)_(97.4)Al_(0.8)Ti_(1.8)medium-entropy alloy with an average lamellae thickness of∼20 nm embedded by thinner nanotwins was fabricated by severe cold rolling to achieve superior thermal *** with the conventional nanotwinned CrCoNi with nanotwins inside ultra-fined grains,the hier-archical nanolaminated-nanotwinned(CrCoNi)_(97.4)Al_(0.8)Ti_(1.8) exhibits a significant annealing-induced hard-ening effect,i.e.,hardness increasing from∼250 HV in the original specimen to∼500 HV in the cold-rolled status and finally∼630 HV after annealing at 600℃for 1 *** microstructure characterizations reveal that the reduced dislocation density and formation of L1_(2)ordered domain are mainly responsible for such hardening effect,which is facilitated by the effectively suppressed coarsening with annealing temperature,i.e.,slow detwinning process and well-retained low-angle nanolamellar *** coarsening mechanisms from the cold-rolled nanolamellae to the fully recrystallized micro-equiaxed structures under the annealing temperatures ranging from 400 to 800℃ were also elucidated by atomic observations.

关键词： Annealing-induced hardening Thermal stability Nanolaminated-nanotwinned structure CrCoNi Detwinning Grain boundary migration

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DYNAMICS FOR A CHEMOTAXIS MODEL WITH GENERAL LOGISTIC DAMPING AND SIGNAL DEPENDENT MOTILITY

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Acta Mathematica Scientia 2024年第3期44卷 1046-1063页

作者：涂馨予穆春来邱蜀燕张静 School of Mathematics and Statistics Southwest UniversityChongqing400715China Department of Applied Mathematics The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomHong KongChina College of Mathematics and Statistics Chongqing UniversityChongqing401331China School of Sciences Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu610500China

In this paper,we consider the fully parabolic Chemotaxis system with the general logistic source{ut=Δ(γ(v)u)+λu-μu^(k),x∈Ω,t>0,vt=△v+wz,x∈Ω,t>0,wt=-wz,x∈Ω,t>0,zt=△z-z+u,x∈Ω,t>0 whereΩ⊂ℝn(n≥1)is a smooth and bounded domain,λ≥0,μ≥0,κ>1,and the motility function satisfies thatγ(v)∈C3([0,∞)),γ(v)>0,γ′(v)≤0 for all v≥*** the Neumann boundary condition,we obtain the global boundedness of solutions if one of the following conditions holds:(i)λ=μ=0,1≤nλ3;(ii)λ>0,μ>0,combined withκ>1,1≤n≤3 or k>n+2/4,,n>***,we prove that the solution (u, v, w, z) exponentially converges to the constant steady state ((λ/μ)1/k-1,∫Ωv0dx+∫Ωw0dx/|Ω|,0,(λ/μ)1/k-1).

关键词： chemotaxis signal-dependent motility logistic source boundedness asymptotic behavior

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Non-bonding modulations between single atomic cerium and monodispersed selenium sites towards efficient oxygen reduction

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Nano Research 2024年第6期17卷 4753-4763页

作者： Leilei Yin Shuai Zhang Mingzi Sun Siyuan Wang Bolong Huang Yaping Du Tianjin Key Lab for Rare Earth Materials and Applications Center for Rare Earth and Inorganic Functional MaterialsHaihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical TransformationsSmart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science CenterSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringNational Institute for Advanced MaterialsNankai UniversityTianjin 300350China Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloon 999077Hong KongChina Research Centre for Carbon-Strategic Catalysis The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloon 999077Hong KongChina

Currently,dual atomic catalysts(DACs)with neighboring active sites for oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)still meet lots of challenges in the synthesis,especially the construction of atomic pairs of elements from different blocks of the periodic ***,a“rare earth(Ce)-metalloid(Se)”non-bonding heteronuclear diatomic electrocatalyst has been constructed for ORR by rational coordination and carbon support defect ***,the optimized Ce-Se diatomic catalysts(Ce-Se DAs/NC)displayed a half-wave potential of 0.886 V *** hydrogen electrode(RHE)and excellent stability,which surpass those of separate Ce or Se single atoms and most single/dual atomic catalysts ever *** addition,a primary zinc-air battery constructed using Ce-Se DAs/NC delivers a higher peak power density(209.2 mW·cm^(−2))and specific capacity(786.4 mAh·gZn^(−1))than state-of-the-art noble metal catalysts Pt/*** calculations reveal that the Ce-Se DAs/NC has improved the electroactivity of the Ce-N_(4)region due to the electron transfer towards the nearby Se specific activity(SA)***,the more electron-rich Se sites promote the adsorptions of key intermediates,which results in the optimal performances of ORR on Ce-Se DAs/*** work provides new perspectives on electronic structure modulations via non-bonded long-range coordination micro-environment engineering in DACs for efficient electrocatalysis.

关键词： catalyst rare earth oxygen reduction reaction(ORR) metalloid non-bonding modulation

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Dual-Porosity Apparent Permeability Models of Unconventional Gas Migration Based on Biot’s Porous Media

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Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica 2024年第3期37卷 406-415页

作者： Bin Gu Hongyuan Liu Yiuwing Mai Bing Wang School of Manufacturing Science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Testing for Manufacturing ProcessMinistry of EducationSouthwest University of Science and TechnologyMianyang621010China School of Aerospace Mechanical and Mechatronic EngineeringThe University of SydneySydneyNSW2006Australia Department of Mechanical Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong KongChina

Stress-dependent permeability models are developed for the organic pores and inorganic cleats/fractures in unconventional gas reservoirs,which are modeled as Biot’s porous media of *** considering multiple flow mechanisms such as dynamic effects of gas flow and surface diffusion,apparent permeability models are obtained to investigate the characteristics of unconventional gas *** to the gas transfer in single-porosity reservoirs,the gas migration ability of cleats in dual-porosity stratums rarely changes while that of organic pores is greatly improved because cleats sustain major geomechanical shrinkage deformation when the pore pressure ***,the mass flux of reservoirs is dominated by the mass flux of cleats,which has a lower peak value,but a much longer production term than those in single-porosity reservoirs due to the interaction between organic pores and *** analysis is conducted to identify key factors significantly impacting mass flux in unconventional *** for the mass flux variation are also explored in terms of gas migration ability and pore pressure distribution.

关键词： Unconventional gas migration Apparent permeability Dual-porosity Stress dependence Multiple flow mechanisms

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Grain size effect on the assembly quality of micro-scaled barrel formed by microforming

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Advances in Manufacturing 2024年第1期12卷 19-32页

作者： Dien Hu Jieyichen Fang Feng Zeng Ming-Wang Fu Department of Mechanical Engineering Research Institute of Advanced ManufacturingThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong KongPeople’s Republic of China Xiamen Yulong Machinery Co.Ltd. Xiamen361023FujianPeople’s Republic of China

In this research,a method employing micro-extrusion was designed to produce the micro-scaled barrel-shaped parts with complex geometrical features to study the feasibility of the proposed microforming method and its grain size effect on the formability of the complicated internal features in terms of deformation behavior,material evolution,accuracy of dimensions and final components *** results reveal that the deformation behavior is highly affected by grain size and becomes unpredictable with increased grain *** addition,assembly parameters including feature dimension,tolerance and coaxiality also vary with grain size,and the variation of grain size needs to be accommodated by different assembly types,viz.,clearance fit or transition *** the microstructural evolution aspect,it was identified there were two dead zones and four shear bands,and the formation of these deformation zones was barely affected by the variation in grain *** bulges,cracks,and fracture induced voids were observed on the surface of the final components,tailoring the microstructure of the working material with finer grains could significantly avoid these *** study advances the understanding of forming microparts by extrusion processes and provides guidance for microforming of similar microparts.

关键词： Microformed part Size effect Extrusion Microstructural evolution Dimensions Assembly accuracy

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Regulating the Electron-Deficient Component in A-DA1D-A Typed Small-Molecule Acceptors for High-Performance Organic Solar Cells

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第6期42卷 623-630页

作者： Weifei Wei Ruijie Ma Zhanxiang Chen Tongle Xu Gang Li Zhenghui Luo Shenzhen Key Laboratory of New Information Display and Storage Materials College of Materials Science and EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhenGuangdong518060 China Department of Electronic and Information Engineering Research Institute for Smart Energy (RISE)The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong Kong999077 China

Fine-tuning of the electron-deficient unit in A-DA1D-A typed small-molecule acceptors (SMAs) plays a crucial role in developing efficient SMAs for organic solar cells (OSCs).Here,we developed a SMA based on benzo[4,5]thieno[2,3-b]quinoxaline,designated as QW1,as well as three SMAs based on 1-methylindoline-2,3-dione,identified as QW2,QW3,and *** with QW2,QW1 displays slightly blue-shifted absorption spectra and a lower LUMO energy level due to the stronger electron-withdrawing capability of BTQx in contrast to *** the other hand,the introduction of a bromine atom in QW3 and QW4 causes a blue shift in absorption and a reduction in the LUMO energy level compared to *** functional theory analysis reveals that QW1 exhibits the best molecular planarity,which endows QW1 with larger electron mobility and tighter molecular ***,PM6:QW1 device affords a better efficiency of 15.63% than those of the devices based on QW2 (14.25%),QW3 (13.21%) and QW4 (15.03%).Moreover,the QW4-based device yields the highest open-circuit voltage of 0.933 V,and the PM6:L8-BO:QW4 ternary device realizes a PCE of 19.03%.Overall,our work demonstrates that regulation of electron-deficient central units is an effective strategy to improve the photovoltaic performance of the resulting A-DA1D-A SMAs.

关键词： Organic solar cells Small-molecule acceptor Electron-deficient unit Energy conversion efficiency Renewable resources π-πstacking Green chemistry

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