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Micro-strain regulation strategy to stabilize perovskite lattice based on the categories and impact of strain on perovskite solar cells

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 578-604页

作者： Caixia Li Wenwu Liu Shiji Da Lingbin Kong Fen Ran State key laboratory of Advanced Processing and recycling of nonferrous metals Lanzhou University of Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering Lanzhou University of Technology

Photovoltaic metal halide perovskite solar cells(PSCs) convert light to electricity more efficiently than crystalline silicon cells, and the cost of materials used to make them is lower than that of silicon *** efficiency is not a core issue affecting the application of perovskite solar cells in special *** present, stability is the major technical encounters that hinders its further commercial development. Microstrain in PSCs is currently a significant factor responsible for the device's instability. Strain-induced ion migration is widely believed to accelerate perovskite degradation even when external stimuli are ***, it is imperative to study strain to enhance the stability of PSCs. This paper reviews recent developments to understand strain's origin and effect mechanisms on performance of PSCs, including ion migration,failure behavior, defect formation, and its effect on photoelectric properties, stability, and ***, several well-known strain management strategies are systematically introduced based on the strain effect mechanism and strain engineering on the film, providing more clues for further preparation with increased stability. The manipulation of external physical strain applied from films to entire devices has been extensively studied. Furthermore, recommendations for future research directions and chemical approaches have been provided. It is emphasized that strain engineering plays a crucial role in improving the efficiency and longevity of PSCs. Tensile strain causes rapid degradation, while moderate compressive strain and external strain control could improve properties and stability. Efforts should focus on controlling compressive strain to mitigate residual tensile strain and introducing it in a controlled manner. Future research endeavors may focus on exploring these pathways to improve the efficiency and lifespan of PSCs.

关键词： Halide perovskite solar cells Strain origins Strain effects Strain management

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Amino acid assisted aqueous synthesis of highly stable CsPbBr_(3)nanocrystals for cell imaging

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Nano Research 2025年第1期18卷 675-683页

作者： Xue Li Yanan Guo Guoying Tan Qingyi Liu Nan Song Yu Tang State key laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu ProvinceCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China State key laboratory of Baiyunobo Rare Earth Resource Researches and Comprehensive Utilization Baotou Research Institute of Rare EarthsBaotou 014030China

Lead halide perovskite nanocrystals(NCs)exhibit excellent optoelectronic performance and have drawn great interests in the fields of biological imaging and ***,the poor stability of CsPbX_(3)(X=Cl,Br,I)in water is still a challenge to hinder their practical *** this work,a facile strategy has been developed for aqueous synthesis of CsPbX_(3) nanocrystals,in which L-glutamic acid(LGlu)has been used to replace oleic acid in the synthetic *** from the synergic effects of L-Glu and oleylamine(OAm),CsPbBr_(3)nanocrystals(L-Glu/OAm-CsPbBr_(3)NCs)with high water stability have been directly prepared under a mild condition at room temperature in water,facilitated by the process of crystal phase transformation from Cs_(4)PbBr_(6) to CsPbBr_(3).L-Glu/OAm-CsPbBr_(3)NCs exhibit a high quantum yield of 85%and a narrow full width at half maximum of 16 nm,demonstrating their efficient luminescence in ***,L-Glu on the surface have contributed greatly to an acidic environment and passivation of surface defects,improving the water stability and dispersibility of CsPbBr_(3)***,L-Glu/OAm-CsPbBr_(3)NCs exhibit great biocompatibility due to the presence of L-Glu,resulting in their good performance for HeLa cell ***,we propose a facile and effective method to prepare CsPbBr_(3)nanocrystals with excellent water stability by using L-Glu and OAm as cooperated ligands and expand their application in cell imaging.

关键词： aqueous synthesis cell imaging lead halide perovskite nanocrystals L-glutamic acid phase transformation

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Relationship between copper content of slag and matte in the SKS copper smelting process

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International Journal of Minerals,metallurgy and Materials 2019年第3期26卷 301-308页

作者： Qin-meng Wang Song-song Wang Miao Tian Ding-xuan Tang Qing-hua Tian Xue-yi Guo School of metallurgy and Environment Central South University hunan key laboratory of nonferrous metal resources recycling School of Mineral Processing and Bioengineering Central South University

In the newly developed oxygen-enriched bottom-blowing copper smelting process(also known as the SKS copper smelting process), Cu loss in slag is one of the most concerning issues. This paper presents our research results concerning the relationship between the Cu content of the matte and slag in the SKS process; the results are based on actual industrial production in the Dongying Fangyuan copper smelter. The results show that the matte grade strongly influences Cu losses in slag. The dissolved and entrained losses account for 10%–20% and 80%–90% of the total SKS industrial Cu losses in slag, respectively. With increasing matte grade, the dissolved and entrained Cu losses in the SKS slag both increase continuously. When the matte grade is greater than 68%, the content of Cu in the smelting slag increases much more dramatically. To obtain a high direct recovery of copper, the matte grade should be less than 75% in industrial SKS copper production.

关键词： copper smelting oxygen-enriched bottom-blowing matte grade Cu loss SKS process

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REEs recovery from molten salt electrolytic slag:Challenges and opportunities for environmentally friendly techniques

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第6期42卷 1009-1019,I0001页

作者： Ziyan Yang Faxin Xiao Shuchen Sun Heng Zhong Ganfeng Tu School of metallurgy Northeastern UniversityShenyang110819China key laboratory for recycling of nonferrous metal resources(Shenyang) Shenyang110819China

Due to the unique physical and chemical properties,rare earth elements(REEs)play a significant role in the high-tech *** the past few decades,the rare earth reserve in China has been gradually decreasing and more pressure has been exerted on the global rare earth supply for the increasing demand of REEs,which indicates that it is essential to recycle secondary resources to meet the rare earth *** for rare earth molten salt electrolytic slag(REMES),although its high rare earth content has potential huge economic value,its high fluorine content of approximately 10 wt%-20 wt%can pollute the *** methods are used to treat *** metallurgical and pyro-hydrometallurgical methods have gotten a big success for solving most of the hydrometallurgical problems,while some problems,like long route and waste water,need to be *** distillation is a new and promising method with a short process due to its harmlessness and high efficiency,but has shortcomings such as high energy consumption and material *** review presents these above three treatment methods,and the challenges and chances of using the recovery technique of REMES in an environmentally friendly way.

关键词： Rare earths Molten salt electrolytic slag Hydrometallurgy Pyro-hydrometallurgy Vacuum distillation Recovery

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Effects of Reheating Duration on the Microstructures and Tensile Properties of Thixoforged In Situ Mg_2Si_p/AM60B Composites

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Acta metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2014年第5期27卷 957-967页

作者： Tijun Chen Suqing Zhang Yushi Chen Yuandong Li Ying Ma Yuan Hao key laboratory of Advanced Processing and recycling of nonferrous metals Lanzhou University of Technology

The influences of reheating duration on microstructures and tensile properties of thixoforged in situ Mg2Sip/ AM60B composites have been investigated. The results indicate that the reheating time affects the volume fraction, composition and distribution of the liquid phase, the evolution of the liquid pools within the primary particles, and the morphology and distribution of the Mg2Si particles of the semisolid feedstock. These changes then affect the subsequent solidification behavior and deformation mechanism during thixoforging, which are responsible for the resulting micro- structure and tensile properties. Mg2Si particles play a strengthening role for the matrix through the load transfer mechanism. The appropriate reheating time is 60 min at 600 ℃ when the mold preheating temperature is at 300 ℃. The ultimate tensile strength and elongation of the resulting composite are up to 209 MPa and 11.9%, respectively.

关键词： In situ synthesis Magnesium matrix composites Semisolid Mechanical properties

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Improving gold recovery of Pb–Zn sulfide ore by selective activation with organic acid

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Rare metals 2016年第2期35卷 198-203页

作者： Dai-Xiong Chen Jun Xiao School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering Central South University hunan Provincial key laboratory of Complex Copper Lead Zinc Associated metal resources Comprehensive Utilization Hunan Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals

Free gold and gold wrapped in sulfides are considered as the object of gold floatation. However,floatation of free gold exhibits more variables in *** this study, improving gold recovery of a Pb-Zn sulfide ore from Yunnan Province, China, was investigated. The results show that free gold and auriferous sulfides account for 94.99 % of total gold. Without adding organic acid in floatation, only 82 % recovery of gold could be *** recovery in Au/Pb concentrates increases by 9.29 %with oxalate added and by 7.35 % with citric acid added,respectively, while performances of lead and arsenic nearly keep a constant. A possible reason is that free gold is of wonderful selectivity against pyrite with organic activators.A new method to enhance gold recovery is proposed.

关键词： Gold Improving recovery Pb-Zn sulfide ore Selective activation Organic acid

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Characteristics of TIG arc-assisted laser welding–brazing joint of aluminum to galvanized steel with preset filler powder

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Rare metals 2015年第9期34卷 650-656页

作者： Chun-Ling Li Ding Fan Bin Wang State key laboratory of Advanced Processing and recycling of nonferrous metals Lanzhou University of Technology

Tungsten inert gas(TIG) arc-assisted laser welding–brazing was used for the butt joining of 5A06 aluminum alloy to the galvanized steel by preset filler powder without groove. The spreading behavior of liquid metal on the back of the galvanized steel at different assisted welding currents was also investigated. The results show that the assisted TIG arc optimizes the interface reaction temperature, enhances the wettability of liquid metal on the steel side, and forms a sound butt joint at an appropriate welding current. A non-uniform intermetallic compound is formed at the interfacial layer, which is composed of Fe2Al5 close to the steel substrate and Fe4Al13 close to the solidified aluminum. The superior tensile strength of joint is indicated when the welding current ranges from 13 to 16 A. The average tensile strength can reach 151 MPa at the welding current of 16 A, and the corresponding fracture belongs to the ductile and brittle hybrid mode.

关键词： Aluminum alloy Steel Welding–brazing Welding curre

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Submicron LaB_6 powders with high purity prepared in large scale by salt-assisted combustion synthesis

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Journal of Rare Earths 2018年第6期36卷 623-629页

作者： Zhengning Li Yujing Ou Peiqing La Yu Shi State key laboratory of Advanced Processing and recycling of nonferrous metals Lanzhou University of Technology

LaB6 powders were synthesized in large scale by salt-assisted combustion synthesis(CS) with different NaCl diluent contents. The variety of phases, particle size and purity of the powders were investigated using X-ray diffraction(XRD), scanning electron microscopy(SEM), energy dispersive spectrometer(EDS), and transmission electron microscope(TEM). With increase of NaCl content, the adiabatic combustion temperature of the reaction system linearly declines, the average particle size of leached products decreases, the impurity phases are easier to remove, and the products purity enhances obviously. When NaCl content is 40 wt%, the purity of the superfine powders of LaBis more than 98 wt%, and the average particle size is 380 nm.

关键词： Combustion synthesis LaB_6 powders Purity Particle size Rare earths

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Preparing low-oxygen Ti-6Al-4V alloy powder through direct reduction of oxides and its synergistic reaction mechanism

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Journal of Central South University 2022年第6期29卷 1811-1822页

作者： DONG Zhao-wang XIA Yang GUO Xue-yi LIU Han-ning LIU Pei-dong School of metallurgy and Environment Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China hunan key laboratory of nonferrous metal resources recycling Changsha 410083China hunan Engineering Research Center of nonferrous metal resources recycling Changsha 410083China

Ti-6Al-4V alloy powder was prepared through a two-step reduction of a mixture of TiO_(2),V_(2)O_(5) and Al_(2)O_(3) in this *** oxide mixture was first reduced by Mg in MgCl_(2) at 750℃ in argon,where oxygen was reduced to 2.47 wt%from 40.02 wt%.The oxygen content in the final powder was eventually reduced to an extremely low level(0.055 wt%)using calcium at 900℃ in argon,and the final powder had the composition of 90.12 wt%Ti,5.57 wt%Al,and 3.87 wt%V,which meets the standard specification of Ti-6Al-4V(ASTM F1108-09).Between the two reductions,a heat treatment step was designed to help controlling the specific surface area and particle *** effect of the heat treatment temperature on the morphology,and composition uniformity of the powder was investigated in *** treatment above 1300℃ attributed to a dense powder with a controlled specific surface *** modeling and experimental results indicated that onlyα-Ti enriched with Al andβ-Ti enriched with V exist in the final powder,and other possible phases including Al-Mg and Al-V were *** study also offers a triple-step thermochemical process for producing high-purity Ti-based alloy powder.

关键词： titanium powder titanium alloy oxide direct reduction synergistic reaction mechanism two-step reduction

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Modeling, Simulation and Control of Pulsed DE-GMA Welding Process for Joining of Aluminum to Steel

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2014年第5期27卷 978-985页

作者： ZHANG Gang SHI Yu LI Jie HUANG Jiankang FAN Ding State key laboratory of Advanced Processing and recycling of nonferrous metals Lanzhou University of Technology

Joining of aluminum to steel has attracted significant attention from the welding research community,automotive and rail transportation *** current welding methods have been developed and applied,however,they can not precisely control the heat input to work-piece,they are high costs,low efficiency and consist lots of complex welding devices,and the generated intermetallic compound layer in weld bead interface is thicker.A novel pulsed double electrode gas metal arc welding（Pulsed DE-GMAW）method is *** achieve a stable welding process for joining of aluminum to steel,a mathematical model of coupled arc is established,and a new control scheme that uses the average feedback arc voltage of main loop to adjust the wire feed speed to control coupled arc length is proposed and ***,the impulse control simulation of coupled arc length,wire feed speed and wire extension is conducted to demonstrate the mathematical model and predict the stability of welding process by changing the distance of contact tip to work-piece（CTWD）.To prove the proposed PSO based PID control scheme’s feasibility,the rapid prototyping experimental system is setup and the bead-on-plate control experiments are conducted to join aluminum to *** impulse control simulation shows that the established model can accurately represent the variation of coupled arc length,wire feed speed and the average main arc voltage when the welding process is disturbed,and the developed controller has a faster response and adjustment,only runs about 0.1 *** captured electric signals show the main arc voltage gradually closes to the supposed arc voltage by adjusting the wire feed speed in 0.8 *** obtained typical current waveform demonstrates that the main current can be reduced by controlling the bypass current under maintaining a relative large total *** control experiment proves the accuracy of proposed model and feasibility of new control scheme *** beautiful and sm

关键词： pulsed double electrode gas metal arc welding dissimilar metals simulation and control particle swarm optimization

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