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Study on force chain evolution of rice straw with different length during vibrational compression

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Particuology 2024年第2期85卷 310-322页

作者： Han Tang Wenlong Xu Guixuan Zhu Changsu Xu Jinwu Wang College of Engineering Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbin150030China

This paper explores the mechanism of force chain evolution and voidage change under vibrational and non-vibrational compression conditions of rice straw of different *** were used to explore the force chain evolution and voidage variation mechanism under different *** re-sults show that under non-vibrational compression,the strong force chain passes from top to bottom in vertical direction and from center to periphery in tangential *** vibrational compression,the force chain passes from top and bottom to center in vertical direction and the force chain evolves from outer ring to interior and exterior in tangential *** number of strong chains,voidage and standard deviation of the mean pressure under vibratory compression are lower than the values under non-vibratory *** promotes stress transfer and enhancement,velocity enhancement and density *** study analyzes the mechanical properties of different lengths straw during vibrational and non-vibrational compression from a detailed viewpoint.

关键词： Straw compression Voidage Discrete element method Mechanical properties Force chain transmission

Are gender inclusiveness and rural transformation interlinked?The case of Bangladesh

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第6期23卷 2112-2126页

作者： Maria Fay Rola-Rubzen Mohammad Jahangir Alam Jon Marx Sarmiento Ismat Ara Begum Al Amin Al Abbasi Subrata Saha UWA School of Agriculture and Environment The University of Western AustraliaPerth 6009Australia Department of Agribusiness and Marketing Bangladesh Agricultural UniversityMymensingh-2202Bangladesh Department of agricultural Economics Bangladesh Agricultural UniversityMymensingh-2202Bangladesh

Gender inclusiveness is important in the rural transformation process of Bangladesh as rural women play key roles in both agricultural and non-agricultural *** inclusiveness also leads to gender *** empirically evaluate relationships between rural transformation and gender inclusiveness in *** consider three rural transformation indicators:high-value commodities’share in agricultural output values,non-farm employment’s share in rural labor employment,and non-agricultural GDP’s share in total *** capturing gender inclusiveness include the per capita rural income of males and females,ratio of investments into gender programs,female access to education,access to healthcare,employment participation,land ownership,and asset *** test the effect of the difference in per capita rural income of males and females and the ratio of their incomes and check for the robustness of the gender variables across different model *** 128 district-level observations from 32 districts of Bangladesh across four time periods(2000,2005,2010 and 2016),we use both ordinary least squares and fixed effects panel regression *** find that female land and asset ownership and access to education and healthcare are robust determinants of various stages of rural ***,our results suggest that improving women’s ownership of land and assets and investing in women’s education and healthcare will likely contribute to a more inclusive rural transformation.

关键词： rural transformation Bangladesh gender inclusiveness investments on women

Kinetic model of vibration screening for granular materials based on biological neural network

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Particuology 2024年第5期88卷 98-106页

作者： Zhan Zhao Yan Zhang Fang Qin Mingzhi Jin School of agricultural Engineering Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang212013China Shandong Academy of agricultural Machinery Sciences Ji'nan250100China

The kinetic model is the theoretical basis for optimizing the structure and operation performance of vibration screening *** this paper,a biological neurodynamic equation and neural connections were established according to the motion and interaction properties of the material under vibration *** material feeding to the screen and the material passing through apertures were considered as excitatory and inhibitory inputs,respectively,and the generated stable neural activity landscape was used to describe the material distribution on the 2D screen *** dynamic process of material vibration screening was simulated using discrete element method(DEM).By comparing the similarity between the material distribution established using biological neural network(BNN)and that obtained using DEM simulation,the optimum coefficients of BNN model under a certain screening parameter were determined,that is,one relationship between the BNN model coefficients and the screening operation parameters was *** screening parameters were randomly selected,and the corresponding relationships were established as a ***,with straw/grain ratio,aperture diameter,inclination angle,vibration strength in normal and tangential directions as inputs,five independent adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference systems(ANFIS)were established to predict the optimum BNN model coefficients,*** training results indicated that ANFIS models had good stability and *** flexibility and adaptability of the proposed BNN method was demonstrated by modeling material distribution under complex feeding conditions such as multiple regions and non-uniform rate.

关键词： Kinetic model Material distribution Vibration screening Biological neural network DEM simulation Adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference systems

Resilience effects for household food expenditure and dietary diversity in rural western China

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第2期23卷 384-396页

作者： Xiao Han Kaiyu Lyu Fengying Nie Yuquan Chen Institute of agricultural Economics and Development Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China agricultural Information Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Academy of Global Food Economics and Policy China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China

A more resilient livelihood is increasingly recognized as an efficient way to improve vulnerable households’food security and optimize their dietary *** study quantifies rural household resilience in western China,identifies the three pillars(absorptive capacity,adaptive capacity,and transformative capacity)contribution to resilience,and then establishes the estimated Resilience Capacity Index(RCI)linked with food security and dietary diversity supported by the multiple indicator multiple cause(MIMIC)*** show that,despite geographical heterogeneity,the RCI consistently increased from 2015 to *** with a higher RCI inheriting better capacity to deal with risk and shocks are significantly and positively correlated with increasing food expenditure and diversifying food *** can be because resilient households will allocate more money to food expenditure instead of saving for livelihood ***,policymakers can provide more incentives for rural households to adopt more dynamic and effective risk management ***,in turn,could yield positive spillover effects by preventing human capital loss associated with dietary-related chronic diseases and mortality.

关键词： resilience food expenditure dietary diversity China risk management

Changes in milk fat globule membrane proteins along lactation stage of Laoshan dairy goat

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第5期23卷 1737-1748页

作者： Chuozi Liang Zhongna Yu Guangming Zhu Yixuan Li Xueheng Sun Hongning Jiang Qijing Du Rongbo Fan Jun Wang Yongxin Yang Rongwei Han College of Food Science and Engineering Qingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdao 266109China Bathurst Future Agri-Tech Institute Qingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdao 266109China Haidu Cllege Qingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdao 266109China

The milk fat globule membrane(MFGM)is a complex structure with numerous functions,and its composition is affected by many *** have been few systematic investigations on goat MFGM proteome profiling during *** milk samples from 15 healthy dairy goats were obtained at six lactation time points for investigation of the MFGM proteome using both data-independent acquisition(DIA)and data-dependent acquisition(DDA)proteomics techniques combined with multivariate statistical *** the DIA method,890 variably abundant MFGM proteins were discovered throughout the lactation *** 1 to 240 d,butyrophilin subfamily 1 member A1,lipoprotein lipase,perilipin-2,and adipose triglyceride lipase were upregulated,while APOE,complement C3,clusterin,and IgG were ***,from 1 to 90 d,annexin A1,annexin A2,and antithrombin-ll were downregulated,then upregulated by d *** had a high degree of connectedness,indicating that it was a key protein,according to protein-protein interaction ***,our findings gave new insights into the biological features of MFGM protein in goat milk throughout lactation,which may aid in the creation of specialized MFGM products and infant formula.

关键词： goat milk fat globule membrane protein data-independent acquisition(DIA) data-dependent acquisition(DDA) lactation proteomics

Oligomerization of drug transporters:Forms,functions,and mechanisms

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第5期14卷 1924-1938页

作者： Chunxu Ni Mei Hong College of Life Sciences South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in agricultural Organisms South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China

Drug transporters are essential players in the transmembrane transport of a wide variety of clinical *** broad substrate spectra and versatile distribution pattern of these membrane proteins infer their pharmacological and clinical *** our accumulating knowledge on the three-dimensional structure of drug transporters,their oligomerization status has become a topic of intense study due to the possible functional roles carried out by such kind of post-translational modification(PTM).In-depth studies of oligomeric complexes formed among drug transporters as well as their interactions with other regulatory proteins can help us better understand the regulatory mechanisms of these membrane proteins,provide clues for the development of novel drugs,and improve the therapeutic *** this review,we describe different oligomerization forms as well as their structural basis of major drug transporters in the ATP-binding cassette and solute carrier superfamilies,summarize our current knowledge on the influence of oligomerization for protein expression level and transport function of these membrane proteins,and discuss the regulatory mechanisms of ***,we highlight the challenges associated with the current oligomerization studies and propose some thoughts on the pharmaceutical application of this important drug transporter PTM.

关键词： Drug development Drug transporters Oligomerization Protein expression Protein–protein interaction Regulatory mechanism Structural basis Transport function

Retinoic acid alleviates rotavirus-induced intestinal damage by regulating redox homeostasis and autophagic flux in piglets

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 409-421页

作者： Xin Lai Aimin Wu Bing Yu Hui Yan Junqiu Luo Ping Zheng Jie Yu Daiwen Chen Institute of Animal Nutrition Sichuan Agricultural University Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education Sichuan Agricultural University

Rotaviruses(RV) are a major cause of severe gastroenteritis, particularly in neonatal piglets. Despite the availability of effective vaccines, the development of antiviral therapies for RV remains an ongoing challenge. Retinoic acid(RA), a metabolite of vitamin A, has been shown to have anti-oxidative and antiviral properties. However, the mechanism by which RA exerts its intestinal-protective and antiviral effects on RV infection is not fully understood. The study investigates the effects of RA supplementation in Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire(DLY) piglets challenged with RV. Thirty-six DLY piglets were assigned into six treatments, including a control group, RA treatment group with two concentration gradients(5and 15 mg/d), RV treatment group, and RV treatment group with the addition of different concentration gradients of RA(5 and 15 mg/d). Our study revealed that RV infection led to extensive intestinal architecture damage, which was mitigated by RA treatment at lower concentrations by increasing the villus height and villus height/crypt depth ratio(P < 0.05), enhancing intestinal stem cell signaling and promoting intestinal barrier functions. In addition, 15 mg/d RA supplementation significantly increased NRF2 and HO-1 protein expression(P < 0.05) and GSH content(P < 0.05), indicating that RA supplementation can enhance anti-oxidative signaling and redox homeostasis after RV challenge. Additionally,the research demonstrated that RA exerts a dual impact on the regulation of autophagy, both stimulating the initiation of autophagy and hindering the flow of autophagic flux. Through the modulation of autophagic flux, RA influence the progression of RV infection. These findings provide new insights into the regulation of redox hemostasis and autophagy by RA and its potential therapeutic application in RV infection.

关键词： Rotavirus Piglet Retinoic acid Intestinal barrier Redox hemostasis Autophagic flux

Comprehensive DNA barcode reference library and optimization of genetic divergence threshold facilitate the exploration of species diversity of green lacewings (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae)

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Insect Science 2024年第2期31卷 613-632页

作者： Yan Lai Kaiyu Li Xingyue Liu Deparment of Entomology Cllege of Plant ProtectionChina Agricultural UniversityBejingChina College of Bioogical Sciencs China Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina

Chrysopidae are a family of Neuroptera of significant importance in biocontrol against agricultural pests because of their predatory ***,the taxonomy of Chrysopidae lacks a comprehensive revision,which impedes the exploration of species diversity as well as the selection and the conservation of green lacewings as biocontrol *** have established a DNA barcode reference library of the Chinese green lacewings based on an approximately complete sampling(95.63%)in 25 of the 34 provincial regions in China,comprising 1119 barcodes of 25 genera and 197 species(representing 85%genera and 43.62%species from China).Combining other 1049 high quality green lacewing DNA barcodes,we first inferred the optimal threshold of interspecific genetic divergence(1.87%)for successful species identification in multiple simulated scenarios based on present *** further inferred the threshold of genetic divergence(7.77%)among genera with biocontrol *** inference and performance of the threshold appears to be mainly associated with the completeness of sampling,the proportion of closely related species,and the analytical *** new combinations,Apertochrysa platypa(Yang&Yang,1991)***.,Apertochrysa shennongana(Yang&Wang,1990)***.,Apertochrysa pictifacialis(Yang,1988)***.,Apertochrysa helana(Yang,1993)***.,Plesiochrysa rosulata(Yang&Yang,2002)***.,and Signochrysa hainana(Yang&Yang,1991),are proposed according to integrative species *** library and optimal threshold will effectively facilitate the exploration of species diversity of green *** study also provides a methodological reference in molecular delimitation of other insects.

关键词： Chrysopidae DNA barcode genetic distance optimal threshold species delimitation

Effects of dense planting patterns on photosynthetic traits of different vertical layers and yield of wheat under different nitrogen rates

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The Crop Journal 2024年第2期12卷 594-604页

作者： Cuicun Wang Ke Zhang Qing Liu Xiufeng Zhang Zhikuan Shi Xue Wang Caili Guo Qiang Cao Yongchao Tian Yan Zhu Xiaojun Liu Weixing Cao National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095JiangsuChina MOE Engineering Research Center of Smart agricultural Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095JiangsuChina MARA Key Laboratory for Crop System Analysis and Decision Making Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095JiangsuChina Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Information Agriculture Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095JiangsuChina Institute of Smart Agriculture Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095JiangsuChina

A two-year field experiment was conducted to measure the effects of densification methods on photosynthesis and yield of densely planted ***-plant and inter-row distances were used to define ratefixed pattern(RR)and row-fixed pattern(RS)density ***,four nitrogen(N)rates(0,144,192,and 240 kg N ha-1,termed N0,N144,N192,and N240)were applied with three densities(225,292.5,and 360×10^(4)plants ha^(-1),termed D225,D292.5,and D360).The wheat canopy was clipped into three equal vertical layers(top,middle,and bottom layers),and their chlorophyll density(Ch D)and photosynthetically active radiation interception(FIPAR)were *** showed that the response of Ch D and FIPAR to N rate,density,and pattern varied with different layers.N rate,density,and pattern had significant interaction effects on Ch *** maximum values of whole-canopy Ch D in the two seasons appeared in N240 combined with D292.5 and D360 under RR,*** two growing seasons,FIPAR values of RR were higher than those of RS by 29.37%for the top layer and 5.68%for the middle layer,while lower than those of RS by 20.62%for the bottom layer on *** a low N supply(N0),grain yield was not significantly affected by density for both *** N240,increasing density significantly increased yield under RR,but D360 of RS significantly decreased yield by 3.72%and 9.00%versus D225 in two seasons,*** an appropriate and sufficient N application,RR increased the yield of densely planted wheat more than ***,the maximum yield in two seasons appeared in the combination of D360 with N144 or N192 rather than of D225 with N240 under both patterns,suggesting that dense planting combined with an appropriate N-reduction application is feasible to increase photosynthesis capacity and yield.

关键词： Chlorophyll density Densification method Nitrogen Photosynthetically active radiation interception Wheat