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Gradient sparsification for efficient wireless federated learning with differential privacy

Science China(information Sciences) 2024年第4期67卷 272-288页

作者： Kang WEI Jun LI Chuan MA Ming DING Feng SHU Haitao ZHAO Wen CHEN Hongbo ZHU School of Electronic and Optical engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology Zhejiang Lab Key Laboratory of Computer Network and information Integration(Southeast University) Ministry of Education Data61 Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation School of information and Communication engineering Hainan University School of Communications and information engineering Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications School of Electronic information and Electrical engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University

Federated learning(FL) enables distributed clients to collaboratively train a machine learning model without sharing raw data with each other. However, it suffers from the leakage of private information from uploading models. In addition, as the model size grows, the training latency increases due to the limited transmission bandwidth and model performance degradation while using differential privacy(DP)protection. In this paper, we propose a gradient sparsification empowered FL framework with DP over wireless channels, to improve training efficiency without sacrificing convergence performance. Specifically, we first design a random sparsification algorithm to retain a fraction of the gradient elements in each client’s local model, thereby mitigating the performance degradation induced by DP and reducing the number of transmission parameters over wireless channels. Then, we analyze the convergence bound of the proposed algorithm, by modeling a non-convex FL problem. Next, we formulate a time-sequential stochastic optimization problem for minimizing the developed convergence bound, under the constraints of transmit power, the average transmitting delay, as well as the client’s DP requirement. Utilizing the Lyapunov drift-plus-penalty framework, we develop an analytical solution to the optimization problem. Extensive experiments have been implemented on three real-life datasets to demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed algorithm. We show that our proposed algorithms can fully exploit the interworking between communication and computation to outperform the baselines, i.e., random scheduling, round robin, and delay-minimization algorithms.

关键词： federated learning differential privacy gradient sparsification Lyapunov drift convergence analysis

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Pre-combustion mercury removal with co-production of hydrogen via coal electrolysis

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 382-389页

作者： Xiang Lyu Runming Tao Tianyu Zhang Chemical and Biomolecular engineering Department Ohio University165 Stocker CenterAthensOH45701USA Electrification and Energy Infrastructures Division Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN37831USA Beijing Key Lab for Source Control technology of Water Pollution College of Environmental Science and EngineeringBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China engineering research center for Water Pollution Source Control&Eco-remediation College of Environmental Science and EngineeringBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China

Pre-combustion mercury removal via coal electrolysis was performed and investigated on a bench-scale coal electrolytic cell(CEC)systemically,and factorial design was used to determine the effect of different operating conditions(coal particle size,operating temperature,operating cell voltage,and flow rate of slurry)on the percentage of mercury removal,percentage of ash removal,and dry heating value *** results showed that the operating cell voltage,as well as the interaction between operating cell voltage and coal particle size,are significant factors in the percentage of mercury *** is no significant factor in the percentage of ash removal and the dry heating value change,but the coal could be purified while keeping the dry heating value almost constant after electrolysis.A co-product of hydrogen could be produced during coal electrolysis with 50%lower energy consumption compared with water ***,a mechanism for mercury removal in coal was *** facts indicate that coal electrolysis is a promising method for precombustion mercury removal.

关键词： Pre-combustion mercury removal Coal electrolysis Ash removal Dry heating value Hydrogen production

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Optical multipath self-interference cancellation for a wideband in-band full-duplex system using a silicon photonic modulator chip

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Chinese Optics Letters 2024年第7期22卷 126-131页

作者： Xiao Yu Jia Ye Lianshan Yan Tao Zhou Yue Zhu Peng Li Xihua Zou Wei Pan center for information Photonics and Communications School of Information Science and TechnologySouthwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 611756China Key Laboratory of Electronic information Control Southwest China Research Institute of Electronic EquipmentChengdu 610029China Microwave Photonics research Laboratory School of Electrical Engineering and Computer ScienceUniversity of OttawaOttawaONK1N6N5Canada

We propose and experimentally demonstrate a photonic method for wideband multipath self-interference cancellation using a silicon photonic modulator *** chip generates phase-inverted reference signals by leveraging the opposite phase between optical *** managing amplitude and phase imbalances between self-interference and reference signals,the approach rectifies discrepancies through consistent chip manufacturing and packaging *** photonic multi-dimensional multiplexing,including wavelength and polarization,enables the acquisition of multiple reference *** results show multipath cancellation depths of 25.53 dB and 23.81 dB for bandwidths of 500 MHz and 1 GHz,achieved by superimposing 2-path reference signals.

关键词： microwave photonics multipath self-interference silicon photonics

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Wide Stopband Substrate Integrated Waveguide Filter Using Bisection and Trisection Coupling in Multilayer

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2024年第2期33卷 436-442页

作者： Peng CHU Jianguo FENG Peng ZHU Lei GUO Long ZHANG Leilei LIU Guoqing LUO Ke WU College of Electronic and Optical engineering Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications National and Local Joint engineering Laboratory of RF Integration and Micro-Assembly technology School of information and Communication engineering Dalian University of Technology Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic information Processing Chips and Systems Sun Yat-sen University College of Electronics and information engineering Shenzhen University School of Electronics and information Hangzhou Dianzi University Poly-Grames research center Polytechnique Montreal

This article presents a highly efficient method for substrate-integrated-waveguide（SIW） filters to achieve very wide stopbands. By employing the proposed trisection slots in addition to the bisection slots as the inter-coupling structures, all spurious modes below TE505 of a SIW filter working in the fundamental mode TE101（f0）can be eliminated without requiring additional structure or complex theoretical analysis, without affecting the design of the fundamental passbands, and without degrading the performance of the filters. For verification, two prototype filters are designed, fabricated, and measured with wide stopbands up to 4.15f0 and 4.83f0, respectively. The proposed technique could facilitate the development of high-performance wide-stopband SIW filters for microwave/wireless circuits and systems.

关键词： Microwave measurement Couplings Filters Prototypes Nonhomogeneous media Microwave theory and techniques Microwave circuits

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Geometric error measuring,modeling,and compensation for CNC machine tools:A review

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第2期37卷 163-198页

作者： Zhao ZHANG Feng JIANG Ming LUO Baohai WU Dinghua ZHANG Kai TANG engineering research center of Advanced Manufacturing technology for Aero Engine(Northwestern Polytechnical University) Ministry of EducationXi’an 710072China Key Laboratory of High Performance Manufacturing for Aero Engine(Northwestern Polytechnical University) Ministry of Industry and Information TechnologyXi’an 710072China Department of Mechanical and Aerospace engineering Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina

Geometric error,mainly due to imperfect geometry and dimensions of machine components,is one of the major error sources of machine *** that geometric error has significant effects on the machining quality of manufactured parts,it has been a popular topic for academic and industrial research for many years.A great deal of research work has been carried out since the 1970s for solving the problem and improving the machining *** have studied how to measure,detect,model,identify,reduce,and compensate the geometric *** paper presents a thorough review of the latest research activities and gives an overview of the state of the art in understanding changes in machine tool performance due to geometric *** advances in measuring the geometrical errors of machine tools are summarized,and different kinds of error identification methods of translational axes and rotation axes are illustrated ***,volumetric geometric error modeling,tracing,and compensation techniques for five-axis machine tools are emphatically ***,research challenges in order to improve the volumetric accuracy of machine tools are also highlighted.

关键词： Error compensation Error identification Error measurement Error modeling Geometric error Machine tools

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The first mitogenome of Lauraceae(Cinnamomum chekiangense)

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Plant Diversity 2024年第1期46卷 144-148页

作者： Changwei Bi Ning Sun Fuchuan Han Kewang Xu Yong Yang David K.Ferguson State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern ChinaKey Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Biotechnology of Educational Department of ChinaKey Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Silvicultural Sciences of Jiangsu ProvinceNanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037China College of information Science and technology Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037China research Institute of Subtropical forestry Chinese Academy of ForestryHangzhou 311400China Co-Innovation center for Sustainable forestry in Southern China College of Life SciencesNanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037China Department of Paleontology University of ViennaViennaAustria

There are three distinct genetic systems in higher plants,the dominant nuclear genome and the semi-autonomous organelle genomes(plastids and mitochondria).In contrast to the conserved plastid genome(plastome),the plant mitochondrial genome(mitogenome)is characterized by an intriguing“evolutionary paradox”distinguished by a remarkably low mutation rate but with a significantly high rearrangement rate(Palmer and Herbon,1988;Lai et al.,2022).

关键词： autonomous distinguished Palmer

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Review of the detasseling techniques for maize(Zea mays L.)hybrid seed production

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological engineering 2024年第3期17卷 1-11页

作者： Ruirui Zhang Jiaxuan Yang Liping Chen Chenchen Ding Longlong Li Linhuan Zhang National research center of Intelligent Equipment for Agriculture Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesBeijing 100097China National center of International research on Agricultural Aerial Application technology Beijing 100097China research center of Intelligent Equipment Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesBeijing 100097China

Maize(Zea mays L.)is a critical staple crop globally,integral to human consumption,food security,and agricultural product *** quality and purity of maize seeds,essential for hybrid seed production,are contingent upon effective *** study investigates the evolution of detasseling technologies and their application in Chinese maize hybrid seed production,with a comparative analysis against the United States.A comprehensive examination of the development and utilization of detasseling technology in Chinese maize hybrid seed production was undertaken,with a specific focus on key *** from the United States were included for comparative *** analysis encompassed various detasseling methods,including manual,semi-mechanized,and cytoplasmic male sterility,as well as more recent innovations such as detasseling machines,and the emerging field of intelligent detasseling driven by unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs),computer vision,and mechanical *** detasseling methods were predominantly employed by *** the challenges of inflexible and occasionally overlooked,applying detasseling machines is efficient and *** present,China’s detasseling operations in hybrid maize seed production are mainly carried out by manual work,which is labor-intensive and *** order to address this issue,China is dedicated to developing intelligent detasseling *** study emphasizes the critical role of detasseling in hybrid maize seed *** United States has embraced mechanized *** application and development of manual and mechanized detasseling were applied later than those in the United States,but latest intelligent detasseling technologies first appeared in *** detasseling is expected to be the future direction,ensuring the quality and efficiency of hybrid maize seed production,with implications for global food security.

关键词： detasseling technique detasseling machine UAVs intelligent agriculture maize hybrid seed production

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CNN-LSTM based incremental attention mechanism enabled phase-space reconstruction for chaotic time series prediction

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Journal of Electronic Science and technology 2024年第2期22卷 77-90页

作者： Xiao-Qian Lu Jun Tian Qiang Liao Zheng-Wu Xu Lu Gan Bidding and Purchasing center University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu611731China Yibin research Institute University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaYibin644000China School of information and Communication engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu611731China

To improve the prediction accuracy of chaotic time series and reconstruct a more reasonable phase space structure of the prediction network,we propose a convolutional neural network-long short-term memory(CNN-LSTM)prediction model based on the incremental attention ***,a traversal search is conducted through the traversal layer for finite parameters in the phase ***,an incremental attention layer is utilized for parameter judgment based on the dimension weight criteria(DWC).The phase space parameters that best meet DWC are selected and fed into the input ***,the constructed CNN-LSTM network extracts spatio-temporal features and provides the final prediction *** model is verified using Logistic,Lorenz,and sunspot chaotic time series,and the performance is compared from the two dimensions of prediction accuracy and network phase space ***,the CNN-LSTM network based on incremental attention is compared with long short-term memory(LSTM),convolutional neural network(CNN),recurrent neural network(RNN),and support vector regression(SVR)for prediction *** experiment results indicate that the proposed composite network model possesses enhanced capability in extracting temporal features and achieves higher prediction ***,the algorithm to estimate the phase space parameter is compared with the traditional CAO,false nearest neighbor,and C-C,three typical methods for determining the chaotic phase space *** experiments reveal that the phase space parameter estimation algorithm based on the incremental attention mechanism is superior in prediction accuracy compared with the traditional phase space reconstruction method in five networks,including CNN-LSTM,LSTM,CNN,RNN,and SVR.

关键词： Chaotic time series Incremental attention mechanism Phase-space reconstruction

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A Blockchain-Based Efficient Cross-Domain Authentication Scheme for Internet of Vehicles

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第7期80卷 567-585页

作者： Feng Zhao Hongtao Ding Chunhai Li Zhaoyu Su Guoling Liang Changsong Yang Guangxi engineering research center of Industrial Internet Security and Blockchain Guilin University of Electronic TechnologyGuilin541004China School of information and Communication Guilin University of Electronic TechnologyGuilin541004China School of Computer Science and information Security Guilin University of Electronic TechnologyGuilin541004China

The Internet of Vehicles(IoV)is extensively deployed in outdoor and open environments to effectively address traffic efficiency and safety issues by connecting vehicles to the ***,due to the open and variable nature of its network topology,vehicles frequently engage in cross-domain *** such processes,directly uploading sensitive information to roadside units for interaction may expose it to malicious tampering or interception by attackers,thus compromising the security of the cross-domain authentication ***,IoV imposes high real-time requirements,and existing cross-domain authentication schemes for IoV often encounter efficiency *** mitigate these challenges,we propose CAIoV,a blockchain-based efficient cross-domain authentication scheme for *** scheme comprehensively integrates technologies such as zero-knowledge proofs,smart contracts,and Merkle hash tree *** divides the cross-domain process into anonymous cross-domain authentication and safe cross-domain authentication phases to ensure efficiency while maintaining a balance between efficiency and ***,we evaluate the performance of *** results demonstrate that our proposed scheme reduces computational overhead by approximately 20%,communication overhead by around 10%,and storage overhead by nearly 30%.

关键词： Blockchain cross-domain authentication internet of vehicle zero-knowledge proof

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Reinforcement learning based edge computing in B5G

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Digital Communications and Networks 2024年第1期10卷 1-6页

作者： Jiachen Yang Yiwen Sun Yutian Lei Zhuo Zhang Yang Li Yongjun Bao Zhihan Lv School of Electrical and information engineering Tianjin UniversityTianjin300072China technology and Data center ***Beijing100176China School of Data Science and Software engineering Qingdao UniversityQingdao266101China

The development of communication technology will promote the application of Internet of Things,and Beyond 5G will become a new technology *** the same time,Beyond 5G will become one of the important supports for the development of edge computing *** paper proposes a communication task allocation algorithm based on deep reinforcement learning for vehicle-to-pedestrian communication scenarios in edge *** trial and error learning of agent,the optimal spectrum and power can be determined for transmission without global information,so as to balance the communication between vehicle-to-pedestrian and *** results show that the agent can effectively improve vehicle-to-infrastructure communication rate as well as meeting the delay constraints on the vehicle-to-pedestrian link.

关键词： Reinforcement learning Edge computing Beyond 5G Vehicle-to-pedestrian

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