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Inventory and Spatial Distribution of Landslides Triggered by the 8th August 2017 M_W 6.5 Jiuzhaigou earthquake, China

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Journal of Earth Science 2019年第1期30卷 206-217页

作者： Yingying Tian Chong Xu Siyuan Ma Xiwei Xu Shiyuan Wang He Zhang Key Laboratory of Active Tectonics and Volcano Institute of GeologyChina Earthquake Administration Institute of Crustal Dynamics China Earthquake Administration Sichuan earthquake agency Hebei earthquake agency

An accurate and detailed seismic landslide inventory is essential to better understand the landslide mechanism and susceptibility. The 8 th August 2017 MW 6.5 Jiuzhaigou earthquake of China initiated a large number of coseismic landslides. The results of the post-seismic survey show the actual landslide number might be underestimated in previous publications. Coupled with field investigation and visual interpretation on high-resolution remote sensing images before and after the main shock, we established a detailed inventory of landslides triggered by the earthquake. Results show that this event caused at least 4 834 individual landslides with a total area of 9.64 km^2. They are concentrated in an elliptical area of 434 km^2, dominated by medium-and small-scale rock falls and debris slides. Statistics indicate that, except for slope aspect that seems not significantly correlated with the landsliding, these landslides are most common in the places with following features: elevation of 2 800–3 400 m, slope angle greater than 30o, slope positions of upper, middle and flat slopes, and Carboniferous limestone and dolomite. Besides, the landslide area percentage(LAP) and landslide number density(LND) values decrease with the increasing distance to river channels and roads, implying a positive correlation. Instead of centering around the epicenter, most of these coseismic landslides are distributed along the inferred seismogenic fault, which means that the seismogenic structure played a more important role than the location of the epicenter. Remarkable differences in landslide densities along the fault indicate the varied landslide susceptibility which may be attributed to other varied controls along the fault such as the rock mass strength. In sum, this study presents a more detailed inventory of the landslides triggered by the 2017 MW 6.5 Jiuzhaigou earthquake, describes their distribution pattern and analyzes its control factors, which would be helpful to understand the

关键词： Jiuzhaigou earthquake coseismic landslide landslide inventory influencing factors spatial distribution

Three-dimensional S-wave velocity structure of the crust and upper mantle for the normal fault system beneath the Yinchuan Basin from joint inversion of receiver function and surface wave

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Science China Earth Sciences 2023年第5期66卷 997-1014页

作者： Weilai WANG Guangyao CAI Guijuan LAI Xianwei ZENG Jingjing BAO Long ZHANG Jun SU Mingfei CHEN Institute of Geophysics China Earthquake AdministrationBeijing100081China earthquake agency of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Yinchuan750001China Sichuan earthquake agency Chengdu610041China

A series of parallel normal faults are distributed in the Helan Mountain-Yinchuan Basin tectonic belt,where a historical M8.0 earthquake *** is rare that such a great earthquake occurs in a normal fault system within the *** deeply understand the fine structure of the normal fault system,we deployed 104 broadband temporary stations near the system,collected data from permanent stations and other temporary stations nearby,and obtained the high-precision threedimensional S-wave velocity structure beneath 206 stations via joint inversion of receiver function and surface wave.A typical graben-in-graben feature bounded by four major faults was identified in the Yinchuan *** analyzed the seismicity in the normal fault system and found a seismic strip in the southern part of the basin,where there are significant changes in the sedimentary thickness,which is speculated to be the southern boundary of the normal fault *** are significant differences in the crustal thickness and velocity structure in the crust on both sides of the boundary between the Helan Mountain and the Yinchuan Basin,and a low-velocity zone was identified in the upper mantle beneath this boundary,which could be related to the fact that the Helan Mountain-Yinchuan Basin tectonic belt is located between the Alxa Block and the Ordos *** M8.0 Yinchuan-Pingluo earthquake occurred at the junction of four major faults in the Yinchuan Basin,which was located in the high-velocity zone near the velocity transition zone at the basin-mountain *** low-velocity zone in the upper mantle beneath this boundary may have promoted the nucleation of this *** on evidence from geological drilling,micro seismicity,the regional stress field,and the velocity models obtained in this study,it is inferred that the eastern piedmont fault zone of the Helan Mountain was the seismogenic fault of the 1739 M8.0 Yinchuan-Pingluo earthquake.

关键词： Yinchuan Basin Helan Mountain Receiver function Surface wave tomography Normal fault system

Modeling co-seismic thermal infrared brightness anomalies in petroliferous basins surrounding the North and East of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2020年第3期4卷 296-307页

作者： Xin Zhang LiFeng Zhang Key Laboratory of earthquake Monitoring and Disaster Reduction Technology Guangdong Earthquake AgencyGuangzhou 510070China Qinghai earthquake agency Xining 810001China

Co-seismic gas leakage usually occurs on the edge of seismic faults in petroliferous basins,and it may have an impact on the local environment,such as the greenhouse effect,which can cause thermal infrared brightness *** wavelet transform and power spectrum estimation methods,we processed brightness temperature data from the Chinese geostationary meteorological satellite FY-C/*** report similarities between the co-seismic thermal infrared brightness(CTIB)anomalies before,during and after earthquakes that occurred at the edges of the Sichuan,Tarim,Qaidam,and Junggar basins surrounding the North and East of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau in western ***,in each petroliferous basin,the area of a single CTIB anomaly accounted for 50%to 100%of the basin area,and the spatial distribution similarities in the CTIB anomalies existed before,during and after these *** better interpret the similarities,we developed a basin warming effect model based on geological structures and *** model suggests that in a petroliferous basin with a subsurface gas reservoir,gas leakage could strengthen with the increasing stress before,during,and even after an *** accumulation of these gases,such as the greenhouse gases CH4 and CO2,results in the CTIB *** addition,we conclude that the CTIB anomalies are strengthened by the high mountains(altitude^5000 m)around the basins and the basins’independent climatic *** work provides a new perspective from which to understand the CTIB anomalies in petroliferous basins surrounding the North and East of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau.

关键词： co-seismic thermal infrared brightness(CTIB) relative power spectrum(RPS) gas leakage basin warming effect

Leveraging ROTI map derived from Indonesian GNSS receiver network for advancing study of Equatorial Plasma Bubble in Southeast/East Asia

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2025年第1期9卷 101-116页

作者： Prayitno Abadi Ihsan N.Muafiry Teguh N.Pratama Angga Y.Putra Suraina Gatot H.Pramono Sidik T.Wibowo Febrylian F.Chabibi Umar A.Ahmad Wildan P.Tresna Asnawi Research Center for Climate and Atmosphere Indonesian National Research and Innovation Agency(BRIN)BandungIndonesia School of Electrical Engineering Telkom UniversityBandungIndonesia Directorate of Laboratory Management Facilities and Science and Technology Park Indonesian National Research and Innovation Agency(BRIN)PontianakIndonesia Geophysics Laboratory Master Program in PhysicsUniversitas Gadjah Mada(UGM)YogyakartaIndonesia Research Center for Space Indonesian National Research and Innovation Agency(BRIN)BandungIndonesia Indonesian Geospatial Information agency(BIG) JakartaIndonesia Research Center for Photonics Indonesian National Research and Innovation Agency(BRIN)Tangerang SelatanIndonesia Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences Hokkaido UniversitySapporoJapan

This paper highlights the crucial role of Indonesia’s GNSS receiver network in advancing Equatorial Plasma Bubble(EPB)studies in Southeast and East Asia,as ionospheric irregularities within EPB can disrupt GNSS signals and degrade positioning *** by the Indonesian Geospatial Information agency(BIG),the Indonesia Continuously Operating Reference Station(Ina-CORS)network comprises over 300 GNSS receivers spanning equatorial to southern low-latitude ***-CORS is uniquely situated to monitor EPB generation,zonal drift,and dissipation across Southeast *** provide a practical tool for EPB research,by sharing two-dimensional rate of Total Electron Content(TEC)change index(ROTI)derived from this *** generate ROTI maps with a 10-minute resolution,and samples from May 2024 are publicly available for further scientific *** preliminary findings from the ROTI maps of Ina-CORS are ***,the Ina-CORS ROTI maps reveal that the irregularities within a broader EPB structure persist longer,increasing the potential for these irregularities to migrate farther ***,we demonstrate that combined ROTI maps from Ina-CORS and GNSS receivers in East Asia and Australia can be used to monitor the development of ionospheric irregularities in Southeast and East *** have demonstrated the combined ROTI maps to capture the development of ionospheric irregularities in the Southeast/East Asian sector during the G5 Geomagnetic Storm on May 11,*** observed simultaneous ionospheric irregularities in Japan and Australia,respectively propagating northwestward and southwestward,before midnight,whereas Southeast Asia’s equatorial and low-latitude regions exhibited irregularities *** sharing ROTI maps from Indonesia and integrating them with regional GNSS networks,researchers can conduct comprehensive EPB studies,enhancing the understanding of EPB behavior across Southeast and East Asia and contributing significantly to ionosphe

关键词： Equatorial Plasma Bubble(EPB) GNSS receivers’network Indonesia Continuously Operating Reference Station(Ina-CORS) ionospheric map Rate of TEC change index(ROTI)map

Spatial and Temporal Variations in earthquake Stress Drops between the 2008 Wenchuan and 2013 Lushan earthquakes

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2020年第5期94卷 1635-1650页

作者： WU Weiwei LONG Feng LIANG Mingjian WEI Yaling SUN Wei CHEN Xuefen ZHAO Jing Sichuan earthquake agency Chengdu 610000China

As a case study of spatial and temporal variations in earthquake stress drops between the 2008 Ms 8.0 Wenchuan and 2013 Ms 7.0 Lushan earthquakes,we computed 1828 stress-drop values for earthquakes with magnitudes 1.7≤ML≤5.0 during an eight-year time span before and after major *** divide the study area into three subregions(the southern segment of the Longmen Shan fault zone;the southwestern junction of the Longmen Shan and Sichuan Basin;and the southwestern margin of the Sichuan Basin)and calculate individual event stress drops in *** results show that regions of alternating high and low stress drop are found on either side of the southwestern segment of the Longmen Shan fault *** the two-year period after the 2008 Ms 8.0 Wenchuan earthquake,the stress state of the southern Longmen Shan fault shows no significant change.A marked increase in stress level appears about 18 months before the 2013 Ms 7.0 Lushan earthquake near the Lushan hypocenter *** months after the Ms 7.0 event,the stress drops suddenly attenuate,with significantly less seismic energy release per *** find that changes in the patterns of high and low stress drop values are consistent with the process of stress accumulation or transfer from the pre-mainshock to postmainshock *** results indicate that major earthquakes are the dominant cause of temporal and spatial evolution in stress *** drop variations show obvious temporal and spatial patterns that may suggests subtle changes in the character of stress fields on faults and spatial variations related to local intense compression and tectonic effects.

关键词： stress drop temporal and spatial behaviour of stress drops Wenchuan earthquake Lushan earthquake

Lithospheric structure beneath Ordos Block and surrounding areas from joint inversion of receiver function and surface wave dispersion

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Science China Earth Sciences 2022年第7期65卷 1399-1413页

作者： Jianping WU Yaning LIU Shijun ZHONG Weilai WANG Yan CAI Wei WANG Jing LIU Institute of Geophysics China Earthquake AdministrationBeijing 100081China Beijing earthquake agency Beijing 100080China

Ordos Block has undergone rapid uplift,and a series of rift basins have been formed around the block since the Cenozoic,but the formation mechanisms remain controversial.A high-resolution 3 D velocity structure of crust and mantle is important for understanding the lithospheric deformation and deep dynamic process.A here we present a 3 D S-wave velocity structure of the crust and upper mantle in the Ordos Block and surrounding regions by joint inversion of receiver functions and surface wave data from a dense broadband seismic *** lithosphere of the Ordos Block exhibits an obvious highvelocity *** the east and north of the Ordos and the southwestern part of the Tibetan Plateau,obvious low-velocity anomalies are detected in the upper mantle and extend into the *** lithosphere of the Ordos Block is thick in the center and thin at the edge,while the crust is relatively thin in the center and thick in the southwest and *** crustal thickness of the tensional basin in the north is greater than that in the central *** suggest that the outward expansion of the mantle thermal materials in eastern Tibet and the upper mantle thermal upwelling in the eastern part of the North China Craton lead to the non-uniform lithospheric thinning,temperature rise and density reduction of the Ordos *** additional buoyancy and thermodynamic effects provided by them contributed to the continuous uplift of the Ordos Block since the *** by the extrusion of Tibetan Plateau,the crustal thickening and rapid uplift occur in the southwestern and northern parts of the Ordos *** lithospheric structures of the Alxa and Ordos Blocks are different,and they may belong to different independent blocks before the Mesozoic.

关键词： Ordos North China Craton Lithospheric structure S-wave velocity structure Receiver function Surface wave

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New Discovery of Holocene Activity along the Weixi-Qiaohou Fault in Southeastern Margin of the Tibetan Plateau and its Neotectonic Significance

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2018年第6期92卷 2464-2465页

作者： CHANG Zufeng ZANG Yang and CHANG Hao Yunnan earthquake agency Kunming650224China

Objective The lateral extrusion eastward of the Tibetan Plateau leads to the formation of the Sichuan–Yunnan block, which is the most representative active block in the southeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau, characterized by strong and frequent seismicity(Li Ping et al., 1975; Zhang Peizhen et al., 2003; Li Yong et al., 2017). Its eastern boundary is composed of sinistral faults including the Xianshuihe, Xiaojiang faults, etc., and the western

关键词： New Discovery of Holocene Activity along the Weixi-Qiaohou Fault in Southeastern Margin of the Tibetan Plateau and its Neotectonic Significance

Aftershock sequence relocation of the 2021 M_(S)7.4 Maduo earthquake, Qinghai, China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2021年第8期64卷 1371-1380页

作者： Weilai WANG Lihua FANG Jianping WU Hongwei TU Liyi CHEN Guijuan LAI Long ZHANG Institute of Geophysics China Earthquake AdministrationBeijing 100081China Key Laboratory of earthquake Source Physics China Earthquake AdministrationBeijing 100081China Qinghai earthquake agency Xining 810001China

The 2021 Qinghai Maduo M_(S)7.4 earthquake was one of the strongest earthquakes that occurred in the Bayan Har block of the Tibetan Plateau during the past 30 years,which spatially filled in the gap of strong earthquake in the eastern section of the northern block *** this study,the aftershock sequence within 8 days after the mainshock was relocated by double difference *** results show that the total length of the aftershock zone is approximately 170 km;the mainshock epicenter is located in the center of the aftershock zone,indicating a bilateral *** aftershocks are mainly distributed along NWW direction with an overall strike of 285°.The focal depth profiles indicate that the seismogenic fault is nearly vertical and dips to southwest or northeast in different sections,indicating a complex *** is an aftershock gap located to the southeast of the mainshock epicenter with a scale of approximately 20 *** the eastern end of the aftershock zone,horsetaillike branch faults show the terminal effect of a large strike-slip *** is a NW-trending aftershock zone on the north side of the western section,which may be a branch fault triggered by the *** location of the aftershock sequence is close to the eastern section of the Kunlun Mountain Pass-Jiangcuo(KMPJ)*** sequence overlaps well with surface trace of the KMPJ *** speculate that the KMPJ fault is the main seismogenic fault of the M_(S)7.4 Maduo earthquake.

关键词： Maduo earthquake Aftershock sequence Double-difference location Kunlun Mountain Pass-Jiangcuo fault

A review of seismo-electromagnetic research in China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2022年第7期65卷 1229-1246页

作者： Guoze ZHAO Xuemin ZHANG Juntao CAI Yan ZHAN Qinzhong MA Ji TANG Xuebin DU Bing HAN Lifeng WANG Xiaobin CHEN Qibin XIAO Xiangyu SUN Zeyi DONG Jijun WANG Jihong ZHANG Ye FAN Tao YE State Key Laboratory of earthquake Dynamics Institute of GeologyChina Earthquake AdministrationBeijing 100029China Institute of earthquake Forecasting China Earthquake AdministrationBeijing 100036China National Institute of Natural Hazards Ministry of Emergency Management of ChinaBeijing 100085China Shanghai earthquake agency Shanghai 200062China China earthquake Administration Lanzhou Institute of earthquake Lanzhou 730000China Shandong earthquake agency Jinan 250014China China earthquake Network Center Beijing 100045China

The seismo-electromagnetic(EM)method is an important geophysical method that plays a major role in the observation of seismic anomalies related to earthquake *** is the most promising method for a breakthrough in short-term earthquake *** digital transformation and network upgrading implemented in the“Ninth five-year plan”and“Tenth five-year plan”have optimized the original observation system,improved the quality of observed data,enriched the seismicelectromagnetic information,and enhanced the analysis capability and timeliness of seismic-electromagnetic *** improvements are of major importance for the research on seismo-electromagnetics as well as for the development of new *** the beginning of the 21 st century,China has launched a satellite named CSES that was designed for the generation and study of seismo-electromagnetic data and built a high-power transmitting source and a new CSELF observation network that is used specifically for earthquake *** platform has promoted the full-time three-dimensional EM monitoring and the identification of earthquake *** on the study of anomalies related to earthquake precursors,the physical and numerical simulations,and the study on generation mechanism of anomalies in China,we summarize the characteristics of earthquake EM anomalies and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of different EM observation ***,considering the related questions of the seismo-electromagnetic prediction and implementing the recent developments both in China and abroad,we review the current status of seismo-electromagnetic research and propose strategies for future research.

关键词： Seismo-electromagnetism Seismic anomaly Electromagnetic observation Experiment and simulation earthquake prediction Prospect

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