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AlphaMobileSensing:A virtual testbed for mobile environmental monitoring

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Building Simulation 2023年第7期16卷 1027-1040页

作者： Qi Zhou Haoran Zhong Linyan Li Zhe Wang Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina School of Data science City University of Hong KongHong KongChina HKUST shenzhen-hong kong Collaborative Innovation research institute FutianShenzhenChina

Environmental monitoring plays a critical role in creating and maintaining a comfortable,productive,and healthy environment.Built upon the advancements of robotics and data processing,mobile sensing demonstrates its potential to address problems regarding cost,deployment,and resolution that stationary monitoring encounters,which therefore has attracted increasing research attentions recently.To facilitate mobile sensing,two key algorithms are needed:the field reconstruction algorithm and the route planning algorithm.The field reconstruction algorithm is to reconstruct the entire environment field from spatially-and temporally-discrete measurements collected by the mobile sensors.The route planning algorithm is to instruct the mobile sensors where the mobile sensor needs to move to for the next measurements.The performance of mobile sensors highly depends on these two algorithms.However,developing and testing those algorithms in the real world is expensive,challenging,and time-consuming.To address these issues,we proposed and implemented an open-source virtual testbed,AlphaMobileSensing,that can be used to develop,test,and benchmark mobile sensing algorithms.AlphaMobileSensing aims to help users more easily develop and test the field reconstruction and route planning algorithms for mobile sensing solutions,without worrying about hardware fault,test accidents(such as collision during the test),etc.The separation of concerns can significantly reduce the cost of developing software solutions for mobile sensing.For versatility and flexibility,AlphaMobileSensing was wrapped up using the standardized interface of OpenAI Gym,and it also provides an interface for loading physical fields that were generated by numerical simulations as virtual test sites to perform mobile sensing and retrieving monitoring data.We demonstrated applications of the virtual testbed by implementing and testing algorithms for physical field reconstruction in both static and dynamic indoor thermal environments.AlphaMobileSensing provides a novel a

关键词： mobile sensing environmental monitoring indoor environmental quality environmental field reconstruction

Nematic and smectic stripe phases and stripe-Sk X transformations

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science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2022年第4期65卷 112-119页

作者： Hai-Tao Wu Xu-Chong Hu X.R.Wang Department of Physics The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong Kong 999077China HKUST shenzhen research institute Shenzhen 518057China

Based on the findings of skyrmion nature of stripes and the metastability of a state of an arbitrary number of skyrmions,precisely controlled manipulation of stripes of skyrmion number 1 in pre-designed structures and mutual transformation between helical states and skyrmion crystals(Sk Xs)are demonstrated in chiral magnetic films.As a proof of the concept,we show how to use patterned magnetic fields and spin-transfer torques(STTs)to generate nematic and smectic stripe phases,as well as“UST”mosaic from three curved stripes.Cutting one stripe into many pieces and coalescing several skyrmions into one by various external fields are good ways to transform helical states and Sk Xs from each other.

关键词： spintronic Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation simulation stripe skyrmion skyrmion crystal nematic phase

A Five-Point TENO Scheme with Adaptive Dissipation Based on a New Scale Sensor

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Communications in Computational Physics 2023年第4期33卷 1106-1131页

作者： Haohan Huang Tian Liang Lin Fu Department of Mathematics The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayKowloonHong Kong Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayKowloonHong Kong HKUST shenzhen-hong kong Collaborative Innovation research institute FutianShenzhenChina shenzhen research institute The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyShenzhenChina

In this paper,a new five-point targeted essentially non-oscillatory(TENO)scheme with adaptive dissipation is proposed.With the standard TENO weighting strategy,the cut-off parameter C_(T) determines the nonlinear numerical dissipation of the resultant TENO scheme.Moreover,according to the dissipation-adaptive TENO5-A scheme,the choice of the cut-off parameter C_(T) highly depends on the effective scale sensor.However,the scale sensor in TENO5-A can only roughly detect the discontinuity locations instead of evaluating the local flow wavenumber as desired.In this work,a new five-point scale sensor,which can estimate the local flow wavenumber accurately,is proposed to further improve the performance of TENO5-A.In combination with a hyperbolic tangent function,the new scale sensor is deployed to the TENO5-A framework for adapting the cut-off parameter C_(T),i.e.,the local nonlinear dissipation,according to the local flow wavenumber.Overall,sufficient numerical dissipation is generated to capture discontinuities,whereas a minimum amount of dissipation is delivered for better resolving the smooth flows.A set of benchmark cases is simulated to demonstrate the performance of the new TENO5-A scheme.

关键词： TENO WENO PDEs hyperbolic conservation laws low-dissipation schemes.

Vertical serpentine interconnect-enabled stretchable and curved electronics

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2023年第6期9卷 165-174页

作者： Rui Jiao Ruoqin Wang Yixin Wang Yik Kin Cheung Xingru Chen Xiaoyi Wang Yang Deng hongyu Yu Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyKowloonHong Kong SAR 999077China HKUST shenzhen-hong kong Collaborative Innovation research institute ShenzhenGuangdong 518045China

Stretchable and curved electronic devices are a promising technology trend due to their remarkable advantages.Many approaches have been developed to manufacture stretchable and curved electronics.Here,to allow such electronics to better serve practical applications,ranging from wearable devices to soft robotics,we propose a novel vertical serpentine conductor(VSC)with superior electrical stability to interconnect functional devices through a silicon-based microfabrication process.Conformal vacuum transfer printing(CVTP)technology was developed to transfer the networked platform onto complex curved surfaces to demonstrate feasibility.The mechanical and electrical performance were investigated numerically and experimentally.The VSC interconnected network provides a new approach for stretchable and curved electronics with high stretchability and reliability.

关键词： curved network electrical

Quantifying spectral thermal transport properties in framework of molecular dynamics simulations:a comprehensive review

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Rare Metals 2023年第12期42卷 3914-3944页

作者： Yi-Xin Xu hong-Zhao Fan Yan-Guang Zhou Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong Kong 999077China HKUST shenzhen-hong kong Collaborative Innovation research institute Shenzhen 518000China

Over the past few decades,significant progress has been made in micro-and nanoscale heat transfer.Numerous computational methods have been developed to quantitatively characterize the thermal transport in bulk materials and across the interfaces,which benefit the thermal management design in microelectronics and energy conversion in thermoelectrics largely.In this paper,the methods and studies on quantifying thermal transport properties using molecular dynamics simulations are comprehensively reviewed.Two classical methods based on molecular dynamics simulations are first introduced,i.e.,equilibrium molecular dynamics and nonequilibrium molecular dynamics,to calculate the thermal transport properties in bulk materials and across the interfaces.The spectroscopy methods are then reviewed,which are developed in the framework of equilibrium molecular dynamics(i.e.,time domain normal mode analysis,spectral energy density,Green-Kubo modal analysis) and methods proposed based on the nonequilibrium molecular dynamics(i.e.,time domain direct decompose method,frequency domain direct decompose method and spectral heat flux method).In the subsequent section,the calculations of spectral thermal conductivities using these computational methods in various systems are presented,including simple crystals,low-dimensional materials,complex materials and nanostructures.Following that,spectral thermal transport across the interfacial systems is discussed,which includes solid/solid interfaces,solid/solid interfaces with interfacial engineering and solid/liquid interfaces.Some fundamental challenges in molecular dynamics simulations,such as including quantum effects and quantifying the anharmonic contributions,are discussed as well.Finally,some open problems on spectroscopy thermal transport properties in the framework of molecular dynamics simulations are given in the summary.

关键词： Thermal transport Spectral decomposition Molecular dynamics simulations Interfacial thermal transport Complex system

SpyStapler-mediated assembly of nanoparticle vaccines

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Nano research 2023年第2期16卷 2821-2828页

作者： Songzi Kou Weitao Chen Chenbo Sun Fei Sun Biomedical research institute Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical CenterShenzhen 518036China Greater Bay Biomedical Innocenter Shenzhen Bay LaboratoryShenzhen 518132China Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayKowloonHong KongChina

The COVID-19 pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)has wreaked havoc around the globe,with no end in sight.The rapid emergence of viral mutants,marked by rapid transmission and effective immune evasion,has also posed unprecedented challenges for vaccine development,not least in its speed,mass production,and distribution.Here we report a versatile“plug-and-display”strategy for creating protein vaccines,including those against malaria parasites and SARS-CoV-2,through the combined use of the intrinsically disordered protein ligase SpyStapler and computationally designed viral-like particles.The resulting protein nanoparticles harboring multiple antigens induce potent neutralizing antibody responses in mice,substantially stronger than those induced by the corresponding free antigens.This modular vaccine design enabled by SpyStapler furnishes us with a new weapon for combatting infectious diseases.

关键词： subunit vaccine SpyTag SARS-CoV-2 malaria

An atmospheric water harvester with fast and energy-saving water removal and recovery

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Biosurface and Biotribology 2023年第1期9卷 9-16页

作者： Jiayu Song Zhang Liu Jhoanne Pedres Boñgol Zhaoxin Zhang King Lun Yeung Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering the Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyKowloonHong Kong Division of Environment and Sustainability the Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyKowloonHong Kong Division of Emerging Interdisciplinary Areas The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyKowloonHong Kong HKUST shenzhen-hong kong Collaborative Innovation research institute ShenzhenGuangdongChina

Moisture removal and water recovery from the air are vital for regulating indoor humidity and mitigating water scarcity.Most atmospheric water harvesters(AWH)focus primarily on increasing the moisture capture rate,but for it to be economical and sustainable,it is essential to consider the energy required to recover and harvest the captured water.Here,a mechanically flexible,biphilic sorption-based AWH made of green,environmentally friendly material is presented.It consists of a hygroscopic chitosan polymer embedded within a flexible,hydrophobic silica xerogel that can harvest 86.3 g water/g chitosan at 97%relative humidity and 25℃reaching saturation after 30 days(i.e.2.88 g water/g chitosan/day).Roughly 88%of the sorbed moisture was recovered by mechanical squeezing(ca.0.020 MPa)within 150 s.Repeated water harvesting experiments and uniaxial compression tests demonstrate that chitosan-silica xerogel is durable for longterm operations,providing a fast,reliable,and sustainable moisture removal and water harvesting tool.

关键词： atmospheric water harvesting flexible xerogel heterogeneous wettability mechanical water recovery

Highly catalytic metal–organic framework coating enabled by liquid superwetting and confinement

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Nano research 2023年第5期16卷 7716-7723页

作者： Bo Yi Yan-Lung Wong Kedi Li Changshun Hou Tengrui Ma Zhengtao Xu Xi Yao Department of Biomedical sciences City University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China Department of Chemistry City University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China institute of Materials research and Engineering Agency for ScienceTechnology and Research(A*STAR)Singapore 138634Singapore City university of hong kong shenzhen research institute Shenzhen 518057China

In this work,we report that high catalytic performance of metal–organic frameworks(MOFs)can be obtained through a synergistic effect of postsynthetic modification of MOF nanoparticles and liquid superwetting and confinement in the MOF coating.Specifically,2-ureido-4[1H]pyrimidinone(UPy)functionalized polysiloxanes were covalently appended onto the UiO-66 nanoparticles via a postsynthetic approach,which were further anchored onto different porous films through multivalent hydrogen bonding of the UPy motifs.The hydrophobic MOF coating can preserve the porosity of the solid substrates,enable rapid liquid superwetting and confinement within the porous substrates.Using the Knoevenagel condensation as a modeled system,robust and highly catalytic performances of the MOF coating were observed on a range of aldehyde substrates.Gram-scale production of chromene,a pharmaceutical which is typically synthesized via expensive catalysis,was successfully demonstrated on the MOF coating with high yielding rates,demonstrating the great potential of the MOF coating in pharmaceutical synthesis.

关键词： metal–organic framework postsynthetic modification hydrogen bonding superwetting liquid confinement

Alloy-buffer-controlled van der Waals epitaxial growth of aligned tellurene

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Nano research 2022年第6期15卷 5712-5718页

作者： Cong Wang Chao Xu Xuyun Guo Ning Zhang Jianmin Yan Jiewei Chen Wei Yu Jing-Kai Qin Ye Zhu Lain-Jong Li Yang Chai Department of Applied Physics the Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong 999077China The hong kong Polytechnic university shenzhen research institute Shenzhen 518057China School of Materials science and Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology(Shenzhen)Shenzhen 518055China Department of Mechanical Engineering the University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China

Group-VI elemental two-dimensional(2D)materials(e.g.,tellurene(Te))have unique crystalline structures and extraordinarily physical properties.However,it still remains a great challenge to controllably grow 2D Te with good repeatability,uniformity,and highly aligned orientation using vapor growth method.Here,we design a Cu foil-assisted alloy-buffer-controlled growth method to epitaxially grow aligned single-crystalline 2D Te on an insulating mica substrate.The in-situ formation of Cu-Te alloy plays a key role on 2D Te growth,alleviating the spatial and temporal non-uniformity of precursor in conventional vapor deposition process.Through transmission electron microscopy(TEM)analysis combined with theoretical calculations,we unveil that the alignment growth of Te in the[110]direction is along the[600]direction of mica,owing to the small lattice mismatch(0.15%)and strong binding strength.This work presents a method to grow aligned high-quality 2D Te in a controllable manner.

关键词： two-dimensional materials tellurene van der Waals interaction epitaxy growth aligned growth