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The development of anti-HIV-1 drugs

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药学学报 2010年第2期45卷 165-176页

作者： LU Xiao-fan CHEN Zhi-wei AIDS institute Li Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina Department of Microbiology and Research Center of Infection and Immunology Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is the causative agent of acquired immunodeficiency disease syndrome (AIDS).After over 26 years of efforts,there is still not a therapeutic cure or an effective vaccine against HIV/*** clinical management of HIV-1 infected people largely relies on antiretroviral therapy (ART).Although highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has provided an effective way to treat AIDS patients,the huge burden of ART in developing countries,together with the increasing incidence of drug resistant viruses among treated people,calls for continuous efforts for the development of anti-HIV-1 ***,four classes of over 30 licensed antiretrovirals (ARVs) and combination regimens of these ARVs are in use clinically including:reverse transcriptase inhibitors (RTIs) (*** reverse transcriptase inhibitors,NRTIs;and non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors,NNRTIs),protease inhibitors (PIs),integrase inhibitors and entry inhibitors (*** inhibitors and CCR5 antagonists).Here,we intend to provide updated information of currently available antiretroviral drugs for ART to promote the development of novel anti-HIV-1 drugs.

关键词：人类免疫缺陷病毒艾滋病临床分析诊断方法

Effect of morphological gene mutation and decay on energy dissipation behaviour of granular soils

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2023年第4期24卷 303-318页

作者： Wei XIONG Qi-min ZHANG Jian-feng WANG Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering City University of Hong KongHong KongChina Shenzhen Research institute of City University of hong kong Shenzhen 518057China

In this paper,the X-ray micro-computed tomography(X-rayμCT),spherical harmonical-based principal component analysis(SH-PCA),and discrete element method(DEM)were incorporated to generate virtual samples with morphological gene mutation at different length *** samples were subjected to axial compression and constant confining *** effects of multiscale particle morphology on the stress-strain and energy storage/dissipation responses of granular soils were *** is found that:(a)the effects of particle morphology on the initial stiffness,stress-strain,volumetric strain,and frictional energy dissipation behaviours are more pronounced for looser samples than for denser ones;(b)among different length scales,the particle morphology at the local roundness-level outperforms the one at the general form-level in dictating the macro-scale responses of granular soils;(c)the energy dissipation of a granular assemblage is a result of competition between particle morphology and initial void ratio.

关键词： X-ray micro-computed tomography(X-rayμCT) Spherical harmonic analysis(SHA) Discrete element method(DEM) Morphological gene mutation Energy dissipation

Ultrasensitive broadband phototransistors based on perovskite/organic-semiconductor vertical heterojunctions

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Light(Science & Applications) 2017年第1期6卷 675-683页

作者： Chao Xie Peng You Zhike Liu Li Li Feng Yan Department of Applied Physics The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong 999077China institute of Textiles and Clothing The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong 999077China

Organolead halide perovskites have emerged as the most promising materials for various optoelectronic devices,especially solar cells,because of their excellent optoelectronic ***,we present the first report of low-voltage high-gain phototransistors based on perovskite/organic-semiconductor vertical heterojunctions,which show ultrahigh responsivities of~10^(9)A W^(–1) and specific detectivities of~10^(14) Jones in a broadband region from the ultraviolet to the near *** high sensitivity of the devices is attributed to a pronounced photogating effect that is mainly due to the long carrier lifetimes and strong light absorption in the perovskite *** addition,flexible perovskite photodetectors have been successfully prepared via a solution process and show high sensitivity as well as excellent flexibility and bending *** high performance and facile solution-based fabrication of the perovskite/organic-semiconductor phototransistors indicate their promise for potential application for ultrasensitive broadband photodetection.

关键词： broadband flexible organic semiconductor perovskite photodetector

Outlook of PINK1/Parkin signaling in molecular etiology of Parkinson's disease,with insights into Pink1 knockout models

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Zoological Research 2023年第3期44卷 559-576页

作者： Zhangting Wang See-Wing Chan Hui Zhao Kai-Kei Miu Wai-Yee Chan School of Biomedical Sciences Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina Kunming institute of Zoology-The Chinese University of hong kong(KIZ-CUHK)Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research of Common Diseases Hong Kong SARChina hong kong Branch of CAS Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics School of Biomedical SciencesThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina Key Laboratory for Regenerative medicine Ministry of EducationSchool of Biomedical SciencesThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina

Parkinson’s disease(PD)relates to defective mitochondrial quality control in the dopaminergic motor *** studies have revealed that PINK1 and Parkin mutations are indicative of a heightened propensity to PD onset,pinpointing mitophagy and inflammation as the culprit pathways involved in neuronal loss in the substantia nigra(SNpc).In a reciprocal manner,LRRK2 functions in the regulation of basal flux and inflammatory responses responsible for PINK1/Parkin-dependent mitophagy *** intervention in these diseasemodifying pathways may facilitate the development of novel PD therapeutics,despite the current lack of an established drug evaluation *** such,we reviewed the feasibility of employing the versatile global Pink1knockout(KO)rat model as a self-sufficient,spontaneous PD model for investigating both disease etiology and drug *** rats retain clinical features encompassing basal mitophagic flux changes with PD *** demonstrate the versatility of this PD rat model based on the incorporation of additional experimental insults to recapitulate the proinflammatory responses observed in PD patients.

关键词： Parkinson’s disease Mitophagy Inflammatory response Genetic model Pink1 KO rats

Entangled photons enabled ultrafast stimulated Raman spectroscopy for molecular dynamics

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第8期13卷 1615-1622页

作者： Jiahao Joel Fan Zhe-Yu Ou Zhedong Zhang Department of Physics City University of Hong KongKowloonHong Kong SARChina City University of hong kong Shenzhen Research InstituteShenzhenGuangdongChina

Quantum entanglement has emerged as a great resource for studying the interactions between molecules and *** propose a new scheme of stimulated Raman scattering with entangled photons.A quantum ultrafast Raman spectroscopy is developed for condensed-phase molecules,to monitor the exciton populations and *** results are obtained,showing an entanglement-enabled time-frequency scale not attainable by classical *** Raman signal presents an unprecedented selectivity of molecular correlation functions,as a result of the hong-Ou-Mandel *** work suggests a new paradigm of using an unconventional interferometer as part of spectroscopy,with the potential to unveil advanced information about complex materials.

关键词： materials spectroscopy selectivity

Therapeutic potential of targeting acinar cell reprogramming in pancreatic cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第31期22卷 7046-7057页

作者： Chi-Hin Wong You-Jia Li Yang-Chao Chen School of Biomedical Sciences Faculty of Medicine The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research institute The Chinese University of Hong Kong

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC) is a common pancreatic cancer and the fourth leading cause of cancer death in the United States. Treating this life-threatening disease remains challenging due to the lack of effective prognosis, diagnosis and therapy. Apart from pancreatic duct cells, acinar cells may also be the origin of PDAC. During pancreatitis or combined with activating KRasG12 D mutation, acinar cells lose their cellular identity and undergo a transdifferentiation process called acinarto-ductal-metaplasia(ADM), forming duct cells which may then transform into pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia(Pan IN) and eventually PDAC. During ADM, the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases, Wnt, Notch and phosphatidylinositide 3-kinases/Akt signaling inhibits the transcription of acinar-specific genes, including Mist and amylase, but promotes the expression of ductal genes, such as cytokeratin-19. Inhibition of this transdifferentiation process hinders the development of Pan IN and PDAC. In addition, the transdifferentiated cells regain acinar identity, indicating ADM may be a reversible process. This provides a new therapeutic direction in treating PDAC through cancer reprogramming. Many studies have already demonstrated the success of switching Pan IN/PDAC back to normal cells through the use of PD325901, the expression of E47, and the knockdown of Dickkopf-3. In this review, we discuss the signaling pathways involved in ADM and the therapeutic potential of targeting reprogramming in order to treat PDAC.

关键词： Acinar cells Acinar-to-ductal metaplasia Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma Signal transduction Reprogramming

Advances in photocatalytic disinfection of bacteria:Development of photocatalysts and mechanisms

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2015年第8期27卷 232-247页

作者： Wanjun Wang Guocheng Huang Jimmy C.Yu Po Keung Wong Department of Chemistry The Chinese University of Hong Kong School of Life Sciences The Chinese University of Hong Kong institute of Environment Energy and Sustainability The Chinese University of Hong Kong

Photocatalysis has attracted worldwide attention due to its potential in solar energy *** a ＂green＂ advanced oxidation technology, it has been extensively used for water disinfection and wastewater treatment. This article provides a review of the recent progress in solar energy-induced photocatalytic disinfection of bacteria, focusing on the development of highly efficient photocatalysts and their underlying mechanisms in bacterial inactivation. The photocatalysts are classified into Ti O2-based and non-Ti O2-based systems, as Ti O2 is the most investigated photocatalyst. The synthesis methods, modification strategies, bacterial disinfection activities and mechanisms of different types of photocatalysts are reviewed in *** is given to the modified Ti O2, including noble metal deposition, non-metal doping,dye sensitization and composite Ti O2, along with typical non-Ti O2-based photocatalysts for bacterial disinfection, including metal oxides, sulfides, bismuth metallates, graphene-based photocatalysts, carbon nitride-based photocatalysts and natural photocatalysts. A simple and versatile methodology by using a partition system combined with scavenging study is introduced to study the photocatalytic disinfection mechanisms in different photocatalytic systems. This review summarizes the current state of the work on photocatalytic disinfection of bacteria, and is expected to offer useful insights for the future development in the field.

关键词： Photocatalysis Bacterial disinfection TiO2 Bismuth metallates Partition system Disinfection mechanism

Aggregate Engineering in Supramolecular Polymers via Extensive Non-covalent Networks

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2021年第10期39卷 1310-1318,I0007页

作者： Xin Huang Dong Lv Li-Qing Ai Shuk Han Cheng Xi Yao Department of Biomedical Sciences City University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China City University of hong kong Shenzhen Research InstituteShenzhen 518075China

Aggregate engineering of non-covalent networks endows supramolecular polymers with thermo-mechanical versatility,stimuli-responsive phase transitions and intrinsic damage-healing ***,most non-covalent networks are vulnerable at elevated temperatures,which suppresses the robustness of supramolecular ***,ureidocytosine(UCy)motifs,which are capable of forming extensive non-covalent networks and thus robust molecular aggregates via multivalent hydrogen bonds and aromatic stackings,are proposed to enable precise programming of the thermo-mechanical *** simulations reveal that the enthalpic contributions from the UCy aggregates play dominant roles to compensate the entropic loss from the redistributions of polymeric spacers and stabilize the non-covalent networks over wide temperature *** aggregate-level strategy offers prospects for applications which require thermo-mechanical versatility of supramolecular polymers,such as 3D printing,microfabrication and damage-healing coating.

关键词： Aggregate engineering Damage-healing Extensive non-covalent network Ureidocytosine Supramolecular polymers

One-Dimensional w-Component Fermions and Bosons with Repulsive Delta Function Interaction

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Chinese Physics Letters 2011年第2期28卷 70-72页

作者： C.N.YANG YOU Yi-Zhuang institute for Advanced Study Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084 institute of Theoretical Physics Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong

We prove in theorems 2 and 3 that for ID Bosons with repulsive delta function interaction with any number of components and any Young tableau,the energy per particle as N→∞is the same as for spinless Bosons.

关键词： Fermi Boson interaction