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An Application of the Inverse Solution for electric Current Distribution From Magnetic Field Measurements in Aluminium Electrolysis Cells

第十八届国际反应堆结构力学大会

作者： Sanjeev R. Malushte Robert P. Kennedy Bechtel Power Corporation/Johns Hopkins University RPK Structural Mechanics Consulting Inc.

1 INTRODUCTION USNRC Regulatory Guide (RG) 1.165 requires seismic design of new nuclear power plants to be based on a uniform hazard spectrum corresponding to 10 (median) per year exceedance probability. The NRC considered this as an appropriate requirement based on the results of previous hazard assessment studies by electric Power Research Institute (EPRI)and Lawrence Livermore National Lab (LLNL), which had indicated that the median hazard level associated with the current design bases for 29 existing nuclear power plant sites in the CEUS was 10 (median) per year. Recent Early Site Permit (ESP) studies in the US have indicated that this reference probability needs to be revised because of higher aleatory

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2012年第S1期19卷 561-565页

作者： Valdis Bojarevics James W.Evans University of Greenwich Park Row London SE10 9LSUK Dept.Matls.Sci.& Eng. University of California Berkeley and Wireless Industrial TechnologiesInc.

A mathematical theory and the software application based on the full MHD model of the electrolysis cell is used to predict the electric current distribution over the anodes from the measurement of magnetic fields at specifically defined node points assumed to be available from the wireless *** full 3d busbar configuration of two different commercial ceils are used for the model *** is demonstrated that a unique solution for the electric current can be obtained when two sensors per each anode are used to detect the single component of magnetic *** mathematical software is tested for the sensitivity to the busbar configuration *** ability to monitor continuously the electric current distribution to high accuracy helps to control disturbances and deviations from a normal production process.

关键词： aluminium electrolysis cell inverse electromagnetic problem electric current network magnetic field

Balancing Thermal and electrical Packaging Requirements for GaN Microwave and Millimeter-Wave High Power Amplifier Modules

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Journal of Electronics Cooling and Thermal Control 2017年第1期7卷 1-7页

作者： Rick Sturdivant Astacian Bogdon Edwin K. P. Chong MPT Inc. Fullerton CA USA Department of electrical and Computer Engineering Colorado State University Fort Collins CO USA

A method for balancing thermal and electrical packaging requirements for gallium nitride (GaN) high power amplifier (HPA) modules is presented. The goal is to find a design approach that minimizes the junction temperature of the GaN so that it is reliable and has interconnects that meet electrical performance requirements. One benefit of GaN is that it can simultaneously achieve high power density and operate at microwave and millimeter-wave frequencies. However, the power density can be so high that the necessary thermal solutions can have negative impact on electrical performance. This is especially a concern for the electrical interconnects required for the input/ output ports on high power amplifier devices. This is because the signal interconnects must operate at GHz frequencies, which means that special care must be taken to avoid problems such as undesired signal coupling and ground path inductance. Therefore, this work focuses on GaN packaging and its integration into a module. The results show that an optimum thickness for the GaN heat spreader exits for thermal performance but the electrical design is impacted negatively if the optimum thermal design is chosen. Therefore, a balanced design is chosen which meets overall system level requirements.

关键词： Thermal Design GaN Amplifier Balanced Design electric Interconnects

Studies on Performance of Distributed Vertical Axis Wind Turbine under Building Turbulence

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Energy Engineering 2023年第3期120卷 729-742页

作者： Xin Sun Chi Zhang Yan Jia Shikang Sui Chong Zuo Xueqiang Liu School of Energy and Power Engineering Inner Mongolia University of TechnologyHohhot010051China Key Laboratory of Wind Energy and Solar Energy Utilization Technology Ministry of EducationInner Mongolia University of TechnologyHohhot010051China Gree electric Appliances.inc.of Zhuhai Zhuhai519000China

As a part of the new energy development trend,distributed power generation may fully utilize a variety of decentralized energy *** close to the installation location,besides,may have a considerable impact on the wind turbines’*** a combined vertical axis wind turbine with an S-shaped lift outer blade and-shaped drag inner blade,this paper investigates how a novel type of upstream wall interacts with the inc.dent wind at various speeds,the influence region of the turbulent vortex,and performance *** results demonstrate that the building’s turbulence affects the wind’s horizontal and vertical direction,as well as its speed,in *** wall’s effect on wind speed changing in the downstreamarea is thoroughly *** turns out that while choosing an installation location,disturbing flow areas or low disturbing flow zones should be avoided to have the least impact on wind turbine performance.

关键词： Vertical axis wind turbine building turbulence CFD sliding mesh installation position

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美国电子废品出口的现状、原则和标准

电机电器技术 2002年第6期 5-8页

作者： Robin Ingenthron 黄文秀 American Retroworks inc.

目的是征徇意见、探讨电子废品出口、增进交流。目的是为电子废品的重复使用、出口、贸易及回收实践建立一套更好的标准。我们的事业是为了减少矿业开采及提炼 ,促进使用具有一定质量的二手设备。

关键词：美国电子废品现状原则标准出口贸易

Bootstrapped Multi-Model Neural-Network Super-Ensembles for Wind Speed and Power Forecasting

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Energy and Power Engineering 2014年第11期6卷 340-348页

作者： Zhongxian Men Eugene Yee Fue-Sang Lien Hua Ji Yongqian Liu Waterloo CFD Engineering Consulting inc. Waterloo Ontario Canada Department of Mechanical & Mechatronics Engineering University of Waterloo Waterloo Onatrio Canada Defence Research and Development Canada Suffield Research Centre Medicine Hat Alberta Canada School of Renewable Energy North China Electric Power University Beijing China

The bootstrap resampling method is applied to an ensemble artificial neural network (ANN) approach (which combines machine learning with physical data obtained from a numerical weather prediction model) to provide a multi-ANN model super-ensemble for application to multi-step-ahead forecasting of wind speed and of the associated power generated from a wind turbine. A statistical combination of the individual forecasts from the various ANNs of the super-ensemble is used to construct the best deterministic forecast, as well as the prediction uncertainty interval associated with this forecast. The bootstrapped neural-network methodology is validated using measured wind speed and power data acquired from a wind turbine in an operational wind farm located in northern China.

关键词： Artificial Neural Network Bootstrap Resampling Numerical Weather Prediction Super-Ensemble Wind Speed Power Forecasting

Numerical Study of the Mixing of Density-Stratified Fluid with a Jet

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Journal of Mechanics Engineering and Automation 2014年第10期4卷 789-798页

作者： Shogo Shakouchi Seiji Shimada Tomomi Uchiyama Graduate School of Information Science Nagoya University Nagoya 464-8601 Japan Chubu electric Power Co. Inc. Nagoya 461-8680 Japan Kawasaki Heavy Industries Ltd. Hyogo 650-8680 Japan EcoTopia Science Institute Nagoya University Nagoya 464-8603 Japan

Density stratification of LNG （liquefied natural gas） is produced in a storage tank when one LNG is loaded on top of another LNG in the same tank. Mixing LNG by a jet issued from a nozzle on the tank wall is considered to a promising technique to prevent and eliminate stratification in LNG storage tanks. This study is concerned with the numerical simulation of a jet flow issued into a two-layer density-stratified fluid in a tank and the resultant mixing phenomena. The jet behavior was investigated with the laboratory-based experiment of the authors＇ previous study. A numerical method proposed by the authors is employed for the simulation. The upper and lower fluids are water and a NaCl-water solution, respectively, and the lower fluid is issued vertically upward from a nozzle on the bottom of the tank. The Reynolds number （Re） defined by the jet velocity and the nozzle diameter ranges from 95 to 2,378, and the mass concentration of the NaCl-water solution Co is set at 0.02 and 0.04. The simulation highlights the jet-induced mixing between the upper and lower fluids. It also clarifies the effects of Re and C0 on the height and horizontal spread of the jet.

关键词： Mixing density-stratified fluid jet CFD (computational fluid dynamics) internal density current.

Non-Stationary Random Process for Large-Scale Failure and Recovery of Power Distribution

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Applied Mathematics 2016年第3期7卷 233-249页

作者： Yun Wei Chuanyi Ji Floyd Galvan Stephen Couvillon George Orellana James Momoh Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA USA Entergy Services Inc. New Orleans LA USA Howard University Washington DC USA

This work applies non-stationary random processes to resilience of power distribution under severe weather. Power distribution, the edge of the energy infrastructure, is susceptible to external hazards from severe weather. Large-scale power failures often occur, resulting in millions of people without electricity for days. However, the problem of large-scale power failure, recovery and resilience has not been formulated rigorously nor studied systematically. This work studies the resilience of power distribution from three aspects. First, we derive non-stationary random processes to model large-scale failures and recoveries. Transient Little’s Law then provides a simple approximation of the entire life cycle of failure and recovery through a queue at the network-level. Second, we define time-varying resilience based on the non-stationary model. The resilience metric characterizes the ability of power distribution to remain operational and recover rapidly upon failures. Third, we apply the non-stationary model and the resilience metric to large-scale power failures caused by Hurricane Ike. We use the real data from the electric grid to learn time-varying model parameters and the resilience metric. Our results show non-stationary evolution of failure rates and recovery times, and how the network resilience deviates from that of normal operation during the hurricane.

关键词： Resilience Non-Stationary Random Process Power Distribution Dynamic Queue Transient Little’s Law Real Data

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CO_2捕获技术方案选择

电力建设 2007年第11期28卷 101-105页

作者： Lance C.Elwell Willard S.Grant 何鹏(摘译) 马明(校对) MPR Associates inc. 不详

随着温室气体对全球气候的影响日益显现,电厂CO2的减排已引起世界广泛关注。文章主要介绍了3种CO2捕获技术:燃烧前捕获、纯氧燃烧、燃烧后捕获,并介绍了其工艺流程。

关键词： CO2捕获燃烧前捕获纯氧燃烧燃烧后捕获