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Impacts of species depletion on the food web structure of a marine ecosystem based on topological network analysis

Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2023年第11期42卷 136-145页

作者： Congjun Xu Jun Xu Fan Li Yiping Ren Ying Xue Laboratory of Fisheries ecosystem Monitoring and Assessment College of FisheriesOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266003China Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Restoration for Marine Ecology Shandong Marine Resources and Environment Research InstituteYantai 264006China field Observation and research station of Haizhou Bay Fishery ecosystem(Ocean University of China) Ministry of EducationQingdao 266003China Institute of Hydrobiology Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430072China

Single-species management ignores the interactions between species,and ecosystem-based fisheries management(EBFM)has become a main method to fisheries *** food web structures and species interactions is essential for the implementation of EBFM and maintenance of ecosystem *** is one of the main reasons behind the depletion,which could even lead to the depletion of some target species in local *** understanding the impacts of species depletion on food web structures is important for the implementation of *** impacts of species depletion can be transmitted through the food web and cause the local extinction of both target and non-target *** this study,topological network analysis was applied to examine the impacts of species depletion on the food web structure of Haizhou *** showed that fine crayfish Leptochela gracilis,squid Loligo sp.,and Japanese snapping shrimp Alpheus japonicus have the highest numbers of outgoing links(48,32 and 31 respectively);thus,these species may be considered key prey *** conger Conger myriaster,fat greenling Hexagrammos otakii,and bluefin gurnard Chelidonichthys kumu were key predators with the highest number of incoming links(37,36 and 35 respectively).The competition graphs derived from the Haizhou Bay food web were highly connected(more than 40%predators sharing over 10 common prey species),and showed close trophic interaction between high trophic level *** analysis showed that the food web structure has small changes to the depletion of species in a highly complex food *** most-connected target species did not necessarily indicate high structural importance;however,some species with low connectivity may demonstrate stronger trophic interactions and play important ecological roles in the food *** most species were more sensitive to the depletion of the most-connected target species than other target species(for instance,for zooplankto

关键词： Haizhou Bay most-connected target species food web structure depletion fishery management feeding strategy

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Linkages of flow regime and micro-topography:prediction for non-native mangrove invasion under sea-level rise

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ecosystem Health and Sustainability 2020年第1期6卷 462-475,461页

作者： Luzhen Chen Hongyu Feng Xiaoxuan Gu Ying Dong Peng Cheng Xudong Guo Qiulian Lin Ting Tang Yihui Zhang Xudong Zhu Shengchang Yang Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland ecosystem College of the Environment and EcologyXiamen UniversityXiamenFujianChina Zhangjiang Estuary Mangrove ecosystem Observation and research station of Fujian Province Zhangjiang Estuary Mangrove Ecosystem Observation and Research Station of Fujian ProvinceXiamen UniversityXiamenFujianChina State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science Xiamen UniversityXiamenFujianChina

Flow regime is a key driver of invasive aquatic organisms,and the invasiveness of mangrove species may be simultaneously attributed to plant traits and flowing hydrological conditions at the estuary *** focused on hydrological and topographic conditions for a non-native mangrove species,Sonneratia apetala,in Zhangjiang Estuary of Fujian,China.A hydrological model and a micro-topographic model were used to predict its dispersal and early establishment,and field surveys and simulated experiments were integrated to estimate its future dispersal *** mesohaline mudflat with a salinity of 8~10 PSU at the mangrove seaward edge was the most likely colonization area for *** under current *** south-western region of the estuary with native mangroves was the most likely area for its colonization according to the unstructured-grid finite-volume community ocean model(FVCOM)in September,when the largest tidal currents within a year and the maximum fruit maturity period *** 42%of the mudflats throughout the whole estuary may be available for seedling establishment under the future sea-level rise RCP 4.5 scenarios compared with 44%for current establishment;however,the RCP 8.5 scenarios would significantly decrease seedling establishment by 2100 due to serious tidal inundation according to the micro-topographical model.

关键词： Mangroves salinity elevation sea-level rise climatic change biological invasion

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Mesoscale soil moisture survey by mobile cosmic-ray neutron sensor across various landscapes in the Heihe River Basin

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research in Cold and Arid Regions 2023年第5期15卷 211-218页

作者： ShaoXiong Wu YongYong Zhang WenRong Kang WenZhi Zhao national field Science research station of Farmland ecosystem in Linze Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid LandsNorthwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhouGansu 730000China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

The cosmic-ray neutron technology is a novel method for upscaling soil moisture,holding significant importance in drought monitoring,soil water storage estimation,calibration of remote sensing products,and data assimilation of land surface ***,most studies conducted soil moisture measurement experiments using static Cosmic-Ray Neutron Sensors(CRNS)and are often limited to a single landscape,lacking in-situ measurement for the cosmic-ray neutron rover across various *** study carried out soil moisture observation experiments using a cosmic-ray neutron rover in nine grassland plots,nine farmland plots,and nine desert plots of the Heihe River Basin,Northwest *** neutron counts displayed clear variations among different plots,and an equation could represent the relationship between neutron intensity and multiple variables near the *** parameter N0 was the smallest for grassland and greatest for desert,and there was a significant negative correlation between Normalized Difference Vegetation Index and N0(P<0.05).Furthermore,the performance of CRNS notably improved after considering soil lattice water and soil organic *** Root Mean Square Error(RMSE)between the measured and oven-dried soil moisture increased with *** moisture measured by CRNS strongly supported the 100 m diameter footprint assumption(RMSE<0.044 g/g).The study offers valuable insights into the application and promotion of cosmic-ray neutron technology across various landscapes within a basin.

关键词： Soil water content Neutron intensity Footprint Multi-landscapes Northwest China

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Spatio-temporal variation in transpiration responses of maize plants to vapor pressure deficit under an arid climatic condition

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Journal of Arid Land 2016年第3期8卷 409-421页

作者： ZHAO Wenzhi JI Xibin Linze Inland River Basin research station Chinese Ecosystem Network Research Key Laboratory of Ecohydrology of Inland River Basin Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences

The transpiration rate of plant is physically controlled by the magnitude of the vapor pressure deficit（VPD） and stomatal conductance. A limited-transpiration trait has been reported for many crop species in different environments, including Maize（Zea mays L.）. This trait results in restricted transpiration rate under high VPD, and can potentially conserve soil water and thus decrease soil water deficit. However, such a restriction on transpiration rate has never been explored in maize under arid climatic conditions in northwestern China. The objective of this study was to examine the transpiration rate of field-grown maize under well-watered conditions in an arid area at both leaf and whole plant levels, and therefore to investigate how transpiration rate responding to the ambient VPD at different spatial and temporal scales. The transpiration rates of maize at leaf and plant scales were measured independently using a gas exchange system and sapflow instrument, respectively. Results showed significant variations in transpiration responses of maize to VPD among different spatio-temporal scales. A two-phase transpiration response was observed at leaf level with a threshold of 3.5 k Pa while at the whole plant level, the daytime transpiration rate was positively associated with VPD across all measurement data, as was nighttime transpiration response to VPD at both leaf and whole plant level, which showed no definable threshold vapor pressure deficit, above which transpiration rate was restricted. With regard to temporal scale, transpiration was most responsive to VPD at a daily scale, moderately responsive at a half-hourly scale, and least responsive at an instantaneous scale. A similar breakpoint（about 3.0 k Pa） in response of the instantaneous leaf stomatal conductance and hourly canopy bulk conductance to VPD were also observed. At a daily scale, the maximum canopy bulk conductance occurred at a VPD about 1.7 k Pa. Generally, the responsiveness of stomatal conducta

关键词： maize limited transpiration trait gas exchange sap flow stomatal conductance vapor pressure deficit

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Abiotic contribution to total soil CO_2 flux across a broad range of land-cover types in a desert region

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Journal of Arid Land 2017年第1期9卷 13-26页

作者： MA Jie LIU Ran LI Yan State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of Sciences Fukang national field Scientific Observation and research station for Desert ecosystems Chinese Academy of Sciences

As an important component of ecosystem carbon（C） budgets, soil carbon dioxide（CO2） flux is determined by a combination of a series of biotic and abiotic processes. Although there is evidence showing that the abiotic component can be important in total soil CO2 flux（R（total））, its relative importance has never been systematically assessed. In this study, after comparative measurements of CO2 fluxes on sterilized and natural soils, the R（total） was partitioned into biotic flux（R（biotic）） and abiotic flux（R（abiotic）） across a broad range of land-cover types（including eight sampling sites： cotton field, hops field, halophyte garden, alkaline land, reservoir edge, native saline desert, dune crest and interdune lowland） in Gurbantunggut Desert, Xinjiang, China. The relative contribution of R（abiotic） to R（total）, as well as the temperature dependency and predominant factors for R（total）, R（biotic） and R（abiotic）, were analyzed. Results showed that R（abiotic） always contributed to R（total） for all of the eight sampling sites, but the degree or magnitude of contribution varied greatly. Specifically, the ratio of R（abiotic） to R（total） was very low in cotton field and hops field and very high in alkaline land and dune crest. Statistically, the ratio of R（abiotic） to R（total） logarithmically increased with decreasing R（biotic）, suggesting that R（abiotic） strongly affected R（total） when R（biotic） was low. This pattern confirms that soil CO2 flux is predominated by biotic processes in most soils, but abiotic processes can also be dominant when biotic processes are weak. On a diurnal basis, R（abiotic） cannot result in net gain or net loss of CO2, but its effect on transient CO2 flux was significant. Temperature dependency of R（total） varied among the eight sampling sites and was determined by the predominant processes（abiotic or biotic） of CO2 flux. Specifically, R（biotic） was driven by soil temperature while R（abiotic） was regulated by the change in soil temperature（ΔT）. Namely

关键词： soil CO2 flux biotic flux abiotic flux temperature dependence Gurbantunggut Desert

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The ecological role of dew in assisting seed germination of the annual desert plant species in a desert environment, northwestern China

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Journal of Arid Land 2016年第2期8卷 264-271页

作者： ZHUANG Yanli ZHAO Wenzhi Linze Inland River Basin research station Chinese Ecosystem Research Network Key Laboratory of Ecohydrology of Inland River Basin Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research InstituteChinese Academy of Sciences

It is important to understand the effects of dew events on non-mucilaginous seed germination of annual desert plant species during dry seasons, which is critical to maintaining long-term soil seed banks in a harsh desert environment. We hypothesize that dew deposition also assists in the non-mucilaginous seed germination of annual desert species. A common field dew treatment experiment was conducted in the Linze Inland River Basin research station to investigate the effects of dew deposition on the seed germination of four annual species, including Agriophyllum squarrosum, Corispermum mongoficum, Bassia dasyphylla and Halogeton arachnoideus. The results showed that the presence of dew significantly increased seed germination percentages and decreased the nonviable seed percentages of B. dasyphylla and H. arachnoideus, whereas there was no such trend for the seeds of C. mongolicum and A. squarrosum. The ecological effects of dew on the seed germination and viability of the annual desert plants were species specific. Although dew wetting is insufficient to cause seed germination, it may help in priming the seeds.

关键词： dew deposition seeds hydration and dehydration seeds viability

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Remote sensing of subtropical tree diversity:The underappreciated roles of the practical definition of forest canopy and phenological variation

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forest ecosystems 2023年第3期10卷 378-386页

作者： Yongchao Liu Ruyun Zhang Chen-Feng Lin Zhaochen Zhang Ran Zhang Kankan Shang Mingshui Zhao Jingyue Huang Xiaoning Wang You Li Yulin Zeng Yun-Peng Zhao Jian Zhang Dingliang Xing Zhoushan Archipelago Observation and research station Institute of Eco-Chongming(IEC)Zhejiang Tiantong Forest Ecosystem National Observation Research StationSchool of Ecological and Environmental SciencesEast China Normal UniversityShanghai200241China Systematic&Evolutionary Botany and Biodiversity Group MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis&ProtectionCollege of Life SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden Shanghai201602China Tianmushan national Nature Reserve Management Bureau Hangzhou311311China

Tree species diversity is vital for maintaining ecosystem functions,yet our ability to map the distribution of tree diversity is limited due to difficulties in traditional field-based *** developments in spaceborne remote sensing provide unprecedented opportunities to map and monitor tree diversity more *** we built partial least squares regression models using the multispectral surface reflectance acquired by Sentinel-2 satellites and the inventory data from 74 subtropical forest plots to predict canopy tree diversity in a national natural reserve in eastern *** particular,we evaluated the underappreciated roles of the practical definition of forest canopy and phenological variation in predicting tree diversity by testing three different definitions of canopy trees and comparing models built using satellite imagery of different *** best models explained 42%–63%variations in observed diversities in cross-validation tests,with higher explanation power for diversity indices that are more sensitive to abundant *** models built using imageries from early spring and late autumn showed consistently better fits than those built using data from other seasons,highlighting the significant role of transitional phenology in remotely sensing plant *** results suggested that the cumulative diameter(60%–80%)of the biggest trees is a better way to define the canopy layer than using the subjective fixeddiameter-threshold(5–12 cm)or the cumulative basal area(90%–95%)of the biggest ***,these approaches resulted in contrasting diversity maps that call attention to canopy structure in remote sensing of tree *** study demonstrates the potential of mapping and monitoring tree diversity using the Sentinal-2 data in species-rich forests.

关键词： Canopy structure Multispectral remote sensing Seasonal phenology Subtropical forest Tree species diversity

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Dissolved Organic Nitrogen Leaching from Rice-Wheat Rotated Agroecosystem in Southern China

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Pedosphere 2015年第1期25卷 93-102页

作者： SONG Ge ZHAO Xu WANG Shen-Qiang XING Guang-Xi ZHU Zhao-Liang State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute e of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Changshu national Agro-ecosystem Observation and research station Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

The rice-wheat rotation in southern China is characterized by frequent flooding-draining water regime and heavy nitrogen(N)fertilization. There is a substantial lack of studies into the behavior of dissolved organic nitrogen(DON) in the intensively managed agroecosystem. A 3-year in situ field experiment was conducted to determine DON leaching and its seasonal and yearly variations as affected by fertilization, irrigation and precipitation over 6 consecutive rice/wheat seasons. Under the conventional N practice(300kg N ha-1for rice and 200 kg N ha-1for wheat), the seasonal average DON concentrations in leachate(100 cm soil depth) for the three rice and wheat seasons were 0.6–1.1 and 0.1–2.3 mg N L-1, respectively. The cumulative DON leaching was estimated to be1.1–2.3 kg N ha-1for the rice seasons and 0.01–1.3 kg N ha-1for the wheat seasons, with an annual total of 1.1–3.6 kg N ha-1. In the rice seasons, N fertilizer had little effect(P > 0.05) on DON leaching; precipitation and irrigation imported 3.6–9.1 kg N ha-1of DON, which may thus conceal the fertilization effect on DON. In the wheat seasons, N fertilization had a positive effect(P fields. Despite a very small proportion to chemical N applied and large variations driven by water regime, DON leaching is necessarily involved in the integrated field N budget in the rice-wheat rotation due to its relatively greater amount compared to other natural ecosystems.

关键词： irrigation N fertilization paddy soil precipitation seasonal variation

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Developing an intermediate-complexity projection model for China's fisheries:A case study of small yellow croaker(Larimichthys polyactis)in the Haizhou Bay,China

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2021年第8期40卷 108-118页

作者： Ming Sun Yunzhou Li Yiping Ren Yong Chen Fisheries College Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266003China School of Marine Sciences University of MaineMaine 04469USA field Observation and research station of Haizhou Bay Fishery ecosystem Ministry of EducationQingdao 266003China Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao)Qingdao 266237China

Projection models are commonly used to evaluate the impacts of ***,previously developed projection tools were not suitable for China’s fisheries as they are either overly complex and data-demanding or too simple to reflect the realistic management ***,an intermediate-complexity projection model was developed that could adequately describe fish population dynamics and account for management measures including mesh size limits,summer closure,and spatial closure.A two-patch operating model was outlined for the projection model and applied to the heavily depleted but commercially important small yellow croaker(Larimichthys polyactis)fishery in the Haizhou Bay,China,as a case *** model was calibrated to realistically capture the fisheries dynamics with *** simulation scenarios featuring different fishing intensities based on status quo and maximum sustainable yield(MSY)were proposed and evaluated with *** projections were additionally performed to investigate the influence of uncertainty associated with recruitment strengths and the implementation of control *** was found that fishing at FMSY level could effectively rebuild the depleted stock biomass,while the stock collapsed rapidly in the status quo *** in recruitment and implementation could result in variabilities in management effects;but they did not much alter the management effects of the FMSY *** results indicate that the lack of science-based control targets in fishing mortality or catch limits has hindered the achievement of sustainable fisheries in ***,the presented work highlights that the developed projection model can promote the understanding of the possible consequences of fishing under uncertainty and is applicable to other fisheries in China.

关键词： two-patch operating model simulation maximum sustainable yield control targets uncertainty

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Response of Grassland Vegetation to Air Temperature and Precipitation in Minqin Desert Region

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Animal Husbandry and Feed Science 2013年第1期5卷 41-49页

作者： CHANG Zhao-feng HAN Fu-gui ZHONG Sheng-nian WANG Da-wei Minqin national field station for Desert Steppe ecosystem Studies Gansu Key Laboratory of Desertification Combating Gansu Desert Control research Institute

[ Objective] This paper aims to analyze response characteristics of desert grassland vegetation to climate change. [ Method] The responses of grassland vegetation in desert region to air temperature/precipitation changes were analyzed by phenological observations since 1974, observation data conceming vegetation samples and meteorological data during the same period. The changing trend significance was denoted by linear trend line and its regression significance. The interrelation between the two variables was indicated by correlation coefficients. Data were analyzed by the software SPSS 13.0. [Result] （1） The rising rate of annual average temperature in the Minqin desert area since 1961 was greater than both the global level and Ghina＇s level over the past century. （2） Desert plants＇ response to temperature changes were mainly displayed as the advance of spring phenology, the delay of autumn phenology and the extension of growing duration. Plants＇ main response to precipitation changes was that vegetation coverage and pure coverage were decreasing along with precipitation reducing. （3） Both the vegetation coverage and pure coverage mainly had a positive correlation with the annual precipitation. Plant density mostly had a positive correlation with the precipitation in September. （4） The impact of rising temperature on plant phenology in spring was greater than that in autumn. [ Conclusion] The effects of temperature changes on desert grassland plants were the advance of spring phenology, the delay of autumn phenology, the extension of growing season and longer plant growing period than that in other reports. The responses of desert grassland vegetation to precipitation changes were that both vegetation coverage and pure coverage were decreasing along with precipitation reducing, and plant density fluctuated along with precipitation change.

关键词： Temperature Precipitation Plant phenology Vegetation coverage Grassland vegetation Minqin desert region

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