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Science Bulletin 2020年第13期65卷 1125-1136,M0004页

作者：苏艳军郭庆华胡天宇关宏灿金时超安沙舟陈学林郭柯郝占庆胡远满黄永梅江明喜李家湘李振基李先琨李小伟梁存柱刘仁林刘庆倪宏伟彭少麟沈泽昊唐志尧田兴军王希华王仁卿谢宗强谢应忠徐小牛杨小波杨永川喻理飞岳明张峰马克平 State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100093China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China College of Pratacultural and Environmental Sciences Xinjiang Agricultural UniversityUrumqi 830052China College of Life Science Northwest Normal UniversityLanzhou 730070China Key Laboratory of forest Ecology and Management Institute of Applied EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China College of Resources Science and Technology Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology Wuhan Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430074China College of forestry Central South University of Forestry&TechnologyChangsha 410004China College of Life Sciences Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China Guangxi Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of SciencesGuilin 541006China Agricultural College Ningxia UniversityYinchuan 750021China School of Ecology and Environment Inner Mongolia UniversityHohhot 010000China Institute of Navel Orange School of Life and Environmental ScienceGannan Normal UniversityGanzhou 341000China Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization Chengdu Institute of BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041China Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Chengdu Institute of BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041China Institute of Natural Resources and Ecology Heilongjiang Academy of SciencesHarbin 150040China State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources School of Life SciencesSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China Institute of Ecology College of Urban and Environmental Science and Key Laboratory of Earth Surface ProcessesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China School of Life Sciences Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Zhejiang Tiantong forest ecosystem national Observation and research St

植被图是生物多样性保护、生态学研究、植被管理与恢复和国家决策的重要辅助信息源.我国上一代植被图,即中国植被图(1:1000000),是由逾250位生态学家组成的团队自20世纪80年代花了20多年完成的.但是,随着过去30多年间的快速发展,我国的... 详细信息

植被图是生物多样性保护、生态学研究、植被管理与恢复和国家决策的重要辅助信息源.我国上一代植被图,即中国植被图(1:1000000),是由逾250位生态学家组成的团队自20世纪80年代花了20多年完成的.但是,随着过去30多年间的快速发展,我国的植被分布与植被类型发生了剧烈的变化,对上一代植被图进行现实性更新已成为迫在眉睫的需求.本文使用了一种"众源采集-变化检测-遥感分类-专家审核"的策略尝试对中国植被图(1:1000000)进行现实性更新.本研究共收集了203024条地面调查数据,并有50余位植被生态学家参与到专家审核的工作中.更新后的植被图包含12个植被型组、55个植被(亚)型和866个(亚)群系类别,精度在植被型组、植被(亚)型和(亚)群系水平上分别为64.8%,61%和40%.与上一代植被图相比,过去30多年间的人类活动和气候变化导致了我国约330万km^2植被类型发生了变化.更新后的植被图将会有助于理解和管理我国的陆地生态系统.

关键词： Vegetation map Crowdsource Remote sensing Update

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Cotton's Water Demand and Water-Saving Benefits under Drip Irrigation with Plastic Film Mulch

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Asian Agricultural research 2016年第4期8卷 32-36,41页

作者： Yingyu YAN Juyan LI General station of Water and Soil Conversation and Eco-environmental Monitoring of Xinjiang Institute of Soil and Fertilizer and Agricultural Sparing Water Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences

The primary purpose of this research was to give suitable irrigation program according to the growth period and water requirement.A cotton field experiment with mulched drip irrigation was conducted at the national field Observation and research station for Oasis Farmland ecosystem in Aksu of Xinjiang in *** balance method was adopted to study the water requirement and water consumption law of cotton under mulched drip irrigation in Tarim Irrigated *** analysis of experimental data of irrigation indicates that the relationship between yield of cotton and irrigation presents a quadratic *** fit the model of cotton water production on the basis of field experimental data of *** the analysis on water saving benefit of cotton under mulched drip irrigation was *** indicate that water requirements for the irrigated cotton are 543 mm in Tarim Irrigated *** water requirements of seedling stage is 252 mm,budding stage is 186 mm,bolling stage is 316 mm and wadding stage is 139 *** irrigation amount determines the spatial distribution of soil moisture and water consumption during cotton life ***,water consumption at different growth stages was inconsistent with ***,the water consumed by cotton decreases upon the increase of irrigation *** the perspective of water saving,the maximal water use efficiency can reach 3 091 m3/*** the highest cotton yield needs 3464 m3/ha irrigation *** summary,compared to the conventional drip irrigation,a number of benefits in water saving and yield increase were observed when using plastic *** the same amount of irrigation,the cotton yield with plastic mulch was 30.2% higher than conventional approaches,and the efficiency of water utilization increased by30.2%.While at the same yield level,29.3% water was saved by using plastic mulch,and the efficiency increased by 41.5%.

关键词： Cotton’s water demand Cotton’s water consumption Water-saving benefits Drip irrigation with plastic film mulch

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Long-term data from a small mammal community reveal loss of diversity and potential effects of local climate change

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Current Zoology 2017年第5期63卷 515-523页

作者： Simone SANTORO Cristina SANCHEZ-SUAREZ Carlos Rouco L. Javier PALOMO M. Carmen FERNANDEZ Maura B. KUFNER Sacramento MORENO Ethology and Biodiversity Conservation Department DoSana Biological Station-CSIC Americo Vespucio s/n Seville 41092 Spain Departamento de Zoologfa Campus de Rabanales Universidad de Cordoba Cordoba 14071 Spain Wildlife Ecology and Management Team Private Bag 1930 Dunedin 9054 New Zealand Departamento de Biologia Animal Universidad de Malaga Malaga 29071 Spain Diego de 0norato 67 Barrio Uritorco Cordoba 5003 Argentina

Climate change affects distribution and persistence of species. However, forecasting species＇ re-sponses to these changes requires long-term data series that are often lacking in ecological *** used 15 years of small mammal trapping data collected between 1978 and 2015 in 3 areas atDoSana national Park （southwest Spain） to （i） describe changes in species composition and （ii） test theassociation between local climate conditions and size of small mammal populations. Overall, 5 specieswere captured： wood mouse Apodemus sylvaticus, algerian mouse Mus spretus, greater white-toothed shrew Crocidura russula, garden dormouse Eliomys quercinus, and black rat Rattus rattus. Thetemporal pattern in the proportion of captures of each species suggests that the small mammal diver-sity declined with time. Although the larger species （e.g., E. quercinus）, better adapted to colder cli-mate, have disappeared from our trapping records, M. spretus, a small species inhabiting southwestEurope and the Mediterranean coast of Africa, currently is almost the only trapped species. We used 2-level hierarchical models to separate changes in abundance from changes in probability of captureusing records of A. sylvaticus in all 3 areas and of Mo spretus in 1. We found that heavy rainfall and lowtemperatures were positively related to abundance of A. sylvaticus, and that the number of extremelyhot days was negatively related to abundance of M. spretus. Despite other mechanisms are likely to beinvolved, our findings support the importance of climate for the distribution and persistence of thesespecies and raise conservation concerns about potential cascading effects in the Donana ecosystem.

关键词： climate change, count data, N-mixture models, rodents, spain.

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Ecology of testate amoebae and their potential use as palaeohydrologic indicators from peatland in Sanjiang Plain, Northeast China

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2014年第4期8卷 564-572页

作者： Lihong SONG Hongkai LI Kehong WANG Donghui WU Haitao WU Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130102 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Institute for Peat and Mire research Northeast Normal University Changchun 130024 China

Testate amoebae are sensitive indicators of substrate moisture in peaflands. Over the last decades, they have been studied to reconstruct hydrological changes since the Holocene. However, these studies have been geographically restricted to North America and Europe. We conducted the first investigation of testate amoebae on the largest continental fresh water wetland in the Sanjiang Plain, China. The objectives of this study were to provide baseline data on the ecology of testate amoebae in the peatlands of Northeast China and to assess the potential of using them as environmental indicators in this ecosystem. We examined modem testate amoeba assemblages and species-environmental relationships at 46 microsites within 5 waterlogged depressions. The environmental parameters measured included： depth to water table, pH, and loss on ignition. The results showed that the dominant species were Trinema complanatum type, Euglypha rotunda type, Euglypha strigosa type, and Centropyxis cassis type. Redundancy analysis demonstrates that water table depth has the most important effect on testate amoeba assemblages, explaining 16.7% （p=0.002） of the total variance, pH was not a statistically significant factor for testate amoeba assemblages. Weighted averaging and weighted averaging partial least squares models were used to build transfer functions for depth to water table. The best performing transfer function was generated by the weighted averaging partial least squares model with an r^2LOSO of 0.62 and RMSEPLoso of 6.96 era. Results indicate that testate amoebae in waterlogged depression peatland have the potential to be used as indicators for hydrological changes and for palaeohydrologic reconstructions in the Sanjiang Plain.

关键词： palaeoecology peatland testate amoebae,transfer function Sanjiang Wetland Northeast China

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Dissolved nitrous oxide and emission relating to denitrification across the Poyang Lake aquatic continuum

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第2期29卷 130-140页

作者： Huaxin Wang Lu Zhang Xiaolong Yao Bin Xue Weijin Yan Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources research Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment Nanjing Institute of Geography and LimnologyChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 200049China

Most aquatic ecosystems contribute elevated N2 O to atmosphere due to increasing anthropogenic nitrogen loading. To further understand the spatial heterogeneity along an aquatic continuum from the upriver to wetland to lake to downriver, the study was conducted on spatial variations in N2 O emission along Poyang Lake aquatic continuum during the flood season from 15 July 2013 to 10 August 2013. The results showed the N2 O concentrations, the ratio of N2O/dinitrogen（N2） gases production, N2 O emission and denitrification rates ranged from 0.10 to 1.11 μg N/L,- 0.007% to 0.051%,- 9.73 to 127 μg N/m2/hr and 1.33 × 104to31.9 × 104μg N2/m2/hr, respectively, across the continuum. The average N2 O concentrations,the ratio of N2O/N2 and N2O emission was significantly lower in wetlands as compared to the rivers and lake（p 〈 0.01）. The significantly high denitrification rate and low N2 O emission together highlighted that most N2 O can be converted into N2 via near complete denitrification in the Poyang Lake wetlands. Our study suggests that the wetlands might impact N2 O budget in an integrated aquatic ecosystems. Moreover, N2 O emission from different aquatic ecosystem should be considered separately when quantifying the regional budget in aquatic ecosystem.

关键词： Nitrous oxide gas Nitrogen Dinitrogen gas Denitrification Natural wetlands Poyang Lake

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Vegetation actualities and feasibility of restoration for the periphery of oasis in extreme arid region: taking Qira County of Xinjiang as an example

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Ecological Economy 2006年第2期2卷 183-189页

作者： Ding Jianli Zhang Ying Postdoctoral station of Theoretical Economics.Xinjiang University Urumqi 830046P.R.China College of Resources and Environment Science Xinjiang UniversityUrumqi 830046P.R.China Marketing Department Xinjiang Insitiute of Finance ＆ Economics Urumqi 830012 P. R. China

The periphery of oasis plays an important role in mutual transformation between desert and oasis. Vegetation is an important part in the ecosystem and it is an important index indicating certain landscape. Based on several times field investigation, this paper attaches importance to the feasible measures for vegetation restoration according to the current condition of study area – Qira County of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. In order to improve the local ecological environment, people lived in Qira County should work hard to protect their homeland and reduce the degree of sandstorm. More protection forest should be established along with other ecological techniques. Results derived from this study contribute largely to the ecological environmental protection of oasis.

关键词：新疆绿洲外围生态环境保护林业

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四川西部神山中的雉类:当地传统文化对雉类的保护(英文)

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Chinese Birds 2012年第1期03卷 33-46页

作者：王楠郑光美 Philip J.K.McGowan 北京林业大学自然保护区学院北京100083 北京师范大学生命科学学院生物多样性与生态工程教育部重点实验室北京100875 World Pheasant Association Newcastle University Biology Field StationClose House Estate Heddon on the Wall Newcastle upon Tyne NE15 0HT UK

在四川西部藏族地区,佛教和当地传统文化长期以来保护了当地的野生动物及其栖息地。在稻城县,由于白色在佛教中具有特殊的象征意义,白马鸡(Crossoptilon crossoptilon)也因此受到当地人的重点保护。由于类似的文化因素,当地的雉类以及... 详细信息

在四川西部藏族地区,佛教和当地传统文化长期以来保护了当地的野生动物及其栖息地。在稻城县,由于白色在佛教中具有特殊的象征意义,白马鸡(Crossoptilon crossoptilon)也因此受到当地人的重点保护。由于类似的文化因素,当地的雉类以及一些森林得到了保护。2003年至2004年,我们在稻城县境内一些受到不同程度保护的地区对雉类开展了调查。调查发现,由于公路改善,当地与外界的交通变得畅通,与此同时保护野生动物的传统正在面临3个方面的压力。首先,当地采挖虫草和松茸量大幅增加,它们主要销往中国东部地区。第二,近年来旅游业蓬勃发展,游客主要来自东部大中城市,他们将外来价值观引入稻城,改变了当地人对所有动物的态度。第三,由于当地居民收入增加,他们消费更多木材用于建造大房屋,这严重影响了当地野生动物赖以生存的森林环境,但是当地人对于神山的崇拜却很好地保护了其中的森林。冲古寺位于稻城县吸引人的旅游区内,周围为森林环境,无序的旅游业对它的影响较为严重,而其他未开发旅游的神山和非神山地区长期以来却未收到这种影响。很多分布于青藏高原的雉类,由于主要分布在偏远地区,濒危程度较低,但随着这一地区的社会和经济发展,将来的保护形势可能会变得严峻。

关键词：文化保护藏族佛教野生动物白马鸡 Crossoptilon crossoptilon

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Energy modeling and data structure framework for Sustainable Human-Building ecosystems （SHBE）- a review

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Frontiers in Energy 2018年第2期12卷 314-332页

作者： Suraj TALELE Caleb TRAYLOR Laura ARPAN Cali CURLEY Chien-Fei CHEN Julia DAY Richard FEIOCK Mirsad HADZIKADIC William J. TOLONE Stan INGMAN Dale YEATTS Omer T. KARAGUZEL Khee Poh LAM Carol MENASSA Svetlana PEVNITSKAYA Thomas SPIEGELHALTER Wei YAN Yimin ZHU Yong X. TAO Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering University of North Texas Denton Texas 76203 USA College of Communication & Information Florida State University Tallahassee FL 32306 USA School of Public and Environmental Affairs Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis Indianapolis 1N 46202 USA Department of Sociology University of Tennessee Knoxville Knoxville TN 37996 USA Human Ecology Department of Construction Management Washington State University Pullman WA 99164 USA Reubin O'D. Askew School of Public Administration and Policy Florida State University Tallahassee FL 32306 USA College of Computing and Informatics University of North Carolina Charlotte Charlotte NC 28223 USA Department of Gerontology University of North Texas Denton TX 76203 USA Department of Gerontology and Department of Sociology University of North Texas Denton TX 76203 USA CMU School of Architecture Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA School of Design & Environment National University of Singapore Singapore 117566 Singapore Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA Department of Economics Florida State University Tallahassee FL 32306 USA Department of Architecture Florida Intemational University Miami FL 33199 USA College of Architecture Texas A & M University College Station TX 77843 USA Bert S. Turner Department of Construction Management Louisiana State University Baton Rogue LA 70803 USA College of Engineering and Computing Nova Southeastern University Davie FL 33314 USA

This paper contributes an inclusive review of scientific studies in the field of sustainable human building ecosystems （SHBEs）. Reducing energy consumption by making buildings more energy efficient has been touted as an easily attainable approach to promoting carbon-neutral energy societies. Yet, despite significant progress in research and technology development, for new buildings, as energy codes are getting more stringent, more and more technologies, e.g., LED lighting, VRF systems, smart plugs, occupancy-based controls, are used. Nevertheless, the adoption of energy efficient measures in buildings is still limited in the larger context of the developing countries and middle income/low-income population. The objective of Sustainable Human Building ecosystem research Coordination Network （SHBE-RCN） is to expand synergistic investigative podium in order to subdue barriers in engineering, architectural design, social and economic perspectives that hinder wider application, adoption and subsequent performance of sustainable building solutions by recognizing the essential role of human behaviors within building-scale ecosystems. Expected long-term outcomes of SHBE-RCN are collaborative ideas for transformative technologies, designs and methods of adoption for future design, construction and operation of sustainable buildings.

关键词： sustainability building energy modeling(BEM) occupant behaviors (OB) sustainable ecosystems System for the Observation of Populous Heterogeneous Information (SOPHI)

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Solid-State 13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic Characterization of Soil Organic Matter Fractions in a forest ecosystem Subjected to Prescribed Burning and Thinning

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Pedosphere 2017年第5期27卷 901-911页

作者： thilini d.ranatunga zhongqi he kamala n.bhat junyan zhong Department of Biological&Environmental Sciences Alabama A&M UniversityNormal AL 35762(USA) USDA-ARS Southern Regional Research CenterNew 0rlcans LA 70124(USA) Department of Physics Chemistry and MathematicsAlabama A&M UniversityNormal AL 35762(USA) College of Sciences 0ld Dominion UniversityNorfolk VA 23529(USA) Intertek Allentown PA 18195(USA)

forest management practices such as prescribed burning and thinning in forest ecosystems may alter the properties of soil organic matter(SOM). In this study, surface soils from field plots in the Bankhead national forest, Alabama, USA, were used to investigate possible SOM transformations induced by thinning and burning. Elemental analysis and solid-state ^(13)C cross polarization magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance(^(13)C CPMAS NMR) spectroscopy were used to characterize SOM fractions in whole soils, humic substances, and density fractions. Our data revealed that the changes in SOM fractions due to the repeated burning carried out in the forest ecosystem studied were involved mainly with alkyl C, O-alkyl C, and carbohydrate functional groups, implying that most prominent reactions that occurred involved dehydrogenation, de-oxygenation, and decarboxylation. In addition, burning and thinning might have also affected the distribution and composition of free and occluded particulate SOM fractions. The limited structural changes in SOM fractions suggested that low-intensity prescribed fire in the forest ecosystem studied will not create major structural changes in SOM fractions.

关键词：魔角旋转核磁共振森林生态系统土壤有机质有机质组分火烧迹地波谱表征固态结构变化

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