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Identification of abnormal tribological regimes using a microphone and semi-supervised machine-learning algorithm

Friction 2022年第4期10卷 583-596页

作者： Vigneashwara PANDIYAN Josef PROST Georg VORLAUFER Markus VARGA Kilian WASMER Laboratory for Advanced materials Processing(LAMP) Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology(Empa)Thun CH-3602Switzerland AC2T research gmbh Viktor-Kaplan-Straße 2/CWiener Neustadt 2700Austria

Functional surfaces in relative contact and motion are prone to wear and tear,resulting in loss of efficiency and performance of the workpieces/*** occurs in the form of adhesion,abrasion,scuffing,galling,and scoring between ***,the rate of the wear phenomenon depends primarily on the physical properties and the surrounding *** the integrity of surfaces by offline inspections leads to significant wasted machine time.A potential alternate option to offline inspection currently practiced in industries is the analysis of sensors signatures capable of capturing the wear state and correlating it with the wear phenomenon,followed by in situ classification using a state-of-the-art machine learning(ML)*** this technique is better than offline inspection,it possesses inherent disadvantages for training the ML ***,supervised training of ML models requires the datasets considered for the classification to be of equal weightage to avoid *** collection of such a dataset is very cumbersome and expensive in practice,as in real industrial applications,the malfunction period is minimal compared to normal ***,classification models would not classify new wear phenomena from the normal regime if they are *** a promising alternative,in this work,we propose a methodology able to differentiate the abnormal regimes,i.e.,wear phenomenon regimes,from the normal *** is carried out by familiarizing the ML algorithms only with the distribution of the acoustic emission(AE)signals captured using a microphone related to the normal *** a result,the ML algorithms would be able to detect whether some overlaps exist with the learnt distributions when a new,unseen signal *** achieve this goal,a generative convolutional neural network(CNN)architecture based on variational auto encoder(VAE)is built and *** the validation procedure of the proposed CNN architectures,we were

关键词： surface integrity acoustic emission auto encoders condition monitoring wear prediction

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Magnetic Moment Tensor Potentials for collinear spin-polarized materials reproduce different magnetic states of bcc Fe

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npj Computational materials 2022年第1期8卷 107-112页

作者： Ivan Novikov Blazej Grabowski Fritz Körmann Alexander Shapeev Skolkovo Institute of Science and technology Skolkovo Innovation CenterNobel St.3Moscow143026Russia Institute for materials Science University of StuttgartPfaffenwaldring 5570569StuttgartGermany Computational materials Design Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbHD-40237DüsseldorfGermany materials Science and Engineering Delft University of Technology2628 CDDelftThe Netherlands

We present the magnetic Moment Tensor Potentials(mMTPs),a class of machine-learning interatomic potentials,accurately reproducing both vibrational and magnetic degrees of freedom as provided,e.g.,from first-principles *** accuracy is achieved by a two-step minimization scheme that coarse-grains the atomic and the spin *** performance of the mMTPs is demonstrated for the prototype magnetic system bcc iron,with applications to phonon calculations for different magnetic states,and molecular-dynamics simulations with fluctuating magnetic moments.

关键词： magnetic fluctuating states

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Effect of solid-solution strengthening on deformation mechanisms and strain hardening in medium-entropy V_(1-x)Cr_(x)CoNi alloys

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Journal of materials Science & technology 2022年第13期108卷 270-280页

作者： Hyun Chung Dae Woong Kim Woo Jin Cho Heung Nam Han Yuji Ikeda Shoji Ishibashi Fritz Körmann Seok Su Sohn Department of materials Science and Engineering Korea UniversitySeoul 02841South Korea Center for High Entropy Alloys Pohang University of Science and TechnologyPohang 37673South Korea Department of materials Science and Engineering and Research Institute of Advanced materials Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826South Korea Institute for materials Science University of StuttgartPfaffenwaldring 55Stuttgart 70569Germany Computational materials Design Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbHMax-Planck-Strabe 1Düsseldorf 40237Germany Research Center for Computational Design of Advanced Functional materials(CD-Fmat) National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology(AIST)TsukubaIbaraki 305-8568Japan Department of materials Science and Engineering Delft University of TechnologyMekelweg2Delft 2628 CDthe Netherlands

High-and medium-entropy alloys(HEAs and MEAs)possess high solid-solution *** investigations have been conducted on its impact on yield strength,however,there are limited reports regarding the relation between solid-solution strengthening and strain-hardening *** addition,no attempt has been made to account for the dislocation-mediated plasticity;most works focused on twinning-or transformation-induced plasticity(TWIP or TRIP).In this work we reveal the role of solidsolution strengthening on the strain-hardening rate via systematically investigating evolutions of deformation structures by controlling the Cr/V ratio in prototypical V_(1-x)Cr_(x)CoNi *** the TWIP of CrCoNi with the dislocation slip of V_(0.4)Cr_(0.6)CoNi,the hardening rate of CrCoNi was superior to slip-band refinements of V_(0.4)Cr_(0.6)CoNi due to the dynamic Hall-Petch ***,as V content increased further to V_(0.7)Cr_(0.3)CoNi and VCoNi,their rate of slip-band refinement in V_(0.7)Cr_(0.3)CoNi and VCoNi with high solid-solution strength surpassed that of *** it is generally accepted in conventional alloys that deformation twinning results in a higher strain-hardening rate than dislocation-mediated plasticity,we observed that the latter can be predominant in the former under an activated huge solid-solution strengthening *** high solid-solution strength lowered the cross-slip activation and consequently retarded the dislocation rearrangement rate,i.e.,the dynamic *** delay in the hardening rate decrease,therefore,increased the strain-hardening rate,results in an overall higher strain-hardening rate of V-rich alloys.

关键词： Medium-entropy alloy Tensile property Solid-solution strength Strain-hardening rate Stacking fault energy

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Quenching Simulation of PM Coated Tools

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材料热处理学报 2004年第5B期25卷 752-757页

作者： Axel Htter Werner Theisen Christoph Broeckmann Chair of materials technology Ruhr University Bochum GermanyChair of Materials Technology Ruhr University Bochum GermanyKoppern Entwicklungs-GmbH Hattingen Germany

HIP cladding is a powder metallurgical coating technique used in the production of wear parts and tools. In many cases the composite components consist of carbide-free hot-work steel as base material and wear resistant carbide-rich PM cold-work steel as coating material. To ensure operativeness a heat treatment matched to the substrate and coating material is required. Dissimilar phase transformation behaviour and different thermal expansion coefficients of layer and substrate entail inner stresses affecting the transformation kinetics in turn. In order to get a deeper insight into these effects Finite Element simulation tools are used. On the one hand, the transient heat conduction problem of the quenching process has to be solved. Non-linear boundary conditions and phase transformation of both, substrate and layer are considered. On the other hand, the mechanical response is calculated. The overall aim of the investigation is an improvement of common heat treatment techniques used for HIP cladded wear parts.

关键词：数值模拟淬火 HIP包覆磨损工具钢

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Effect of gas blowing nozzle angle on multiphase flow and mass transfer during RH refining process

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and materials 2023年第5期30卷 844-856页

作者： Jiahao Wang Peiyuan Ni Chao Chen Mikael Ersson Ying Li Key Laboratory of Ecological Metallurgy of Multi-metal Intergrown Ores of Education Ministry School of MetallurgyNortheastern UniversityShenyang 110819China Liaoning Key Laboratory of Metallurgical Sensor materials and technology School of MetallurgyNortheastern UniversityShenyang 110819China College of materials Science and Engineering Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China Department of materials Science and Engineering KTH Royal Institute of TechnologyStockholm SE-10044Sweden

A three-dimensional mathematical model was developed to investigate the effect of gas blowing nozzle angles on multiphase flow,circulation flow rate,and mixing time during Ruhrstahl-heraeus(RH) refining ***,a water model with a geometric scale of 1:4 from an industrial RH furnace of 260 t was built up,and measurements were carried out to validate the mathematical *** results show that,with a conventional gas blowing nozzle and the total gas flow rate of 40 L·min^(-1),the mixing time predicted by the mathematical model agrees well with the measured *** deviations between the model predictions and the measured values are in the range of about 1.3%–7.3% at the selected three monitoring locations,where the mixing time was defined as the required time when the dimensionless concentration is within 3% deviation from the bath averaged *** addition,the circulation flow rate was 9 kg·s^(-1).When the gas blowing nozzle was horizontally rotated by either 30° or 45°,the circulation flow rate was found to be increased by about 15% compared to a conventional nozzle,due to the rotational flow formed in the ***,the mixing time at the monitoring point 1,2,and 3 was shortened by around 21.3%,28.2%,and 12.3%,*** the nozzle angle of 30° and 45°,the averaged residence time of 128 bubbles in liquid was increased by around 33.3%.

关键词： Ruhrstahl-heraeus refining gas blowing nozzle angle circulation flow rate mixing time multiphase flow

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In vitro and in vivo degradation behavior of Mg-0.45Zn-0.45Ca(ZX00)screws for orthopedic applications

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Bioactive materials 2023年第10期28卷 132-154页

作者： Diana C.Martinez Anna Dobkowska Romy Marek Hanna Cwieka Jakub Jaroszewicz Tomasz Płocinski Crtomir Donik Heike Helmholz Berengere Luthringer-Feyerabend Berit Zeller-Plumhoff Regine Willumeit-Romer Wojciech Swięszkowski Biomaterials Group Materials Design DivisionFaculty of Materials Science and EngineeringWarsaw University of TechnologyWołoska 14102-507WarsawPoland Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology Medical University of GrazAuenbruggerplatz 58036GrazAustria Institute of Metallic Biomaterials Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon GmbH21502GeesthachtGermany Department of Physics and Chemistry of materials Institute of Metals and TechnologyUniversity of Ljubljan1Lepi Pot 11SI-1000Ljubljan1Slovenia

Magnesium (Mg) alloys have become a potential material for orthopedic implants due to their unnecessary implant removal, biocompatibility, and mechanical integrity until fracture healing. This study examined the in vitro and in vivo degradation of an Mg fixation screw composed of Mg-0.45Zn-0.45Ca (ZX00, in wt.%). With ZX00 human-sized implants, in vitro immersion tests up to 28 days under physiological conditions, along with electrochemical measurements were performed for the first time. In addition, ZX00 screws were implanted in the diaphysis of sheep for 6, 12, and 24 weeks to assess the degradation and biocompatibility of the screws in vivo. Using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), micro-computed tomography (μCT), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and histology, the surface and cross-sectional morphologies of the corrosion layers formed, as well as the bone-corrosion-layer-implant interfaces, were analyzed. Our findings from in vivo testing demonstrated that ZX00 alloy promotes bone healing and the formation of new bone in direct contact with the corrosion products. In addition, the same elemental composition of corrosion products was observed for in vitro and in vivo experiments;however, their elemental distribution and thicknesses differ depending on the implant location. Our findings suggest that the corrosion resistance was microstructure-dependent. The head zone was the least corrosion-resistant, indicating that the production procedure could impact the corrosion performance of the implant. In spite of this, the formation of new bone and no adverse effects on the surrounding tissues demonstrated that the ZX00 is a suitable Mg-based alloy for temporary bone implants.

关键词： Magnesium alloys Biodegradable implants Microstructure Electron microscopy Corrosion layers

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Effects of inter-layer remelting frequency on the microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of equimolar CoCrFeNiMn high entropy alloys during in-situ powder-bed arc additive manufacturing(PBAAM)process

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Journal of materials Science & technology 2022年第18期113卷 90-104页

作者： Jun Wang Yao Lu Fanghui Jia Wenzhen Xia Fei Lin Jian Han Ruichao Wang Zengxi Pan Huijun Li Zhengyi Jiang School of Mechanical materials Mechatronic and Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of WollongongWollongongNew South Wales 2522Australia School of Metallurgical Engineering Anhui University of TechnologyMaanshan 243000China Department of Structure and Nano-/Micromechanics of materials Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbHDüsseldorf 40237Germany Faculty of Intelligent Manufacturing Wuyi UniversityGuangdong 529020China

An equiatomic CoCrFeNiMn High Entropy Alloy(HEA)was in-situ deposited by the powder-bed arc ad-ditive manufacturing(PBAAM)process for the first *** research was conducted on the evolution of phase,crystallographic orientation,dislocation morphology,precipitation,and mechanical performance with the accumulation of inter-layer remelting *** experimental outcomes mani-fested that the PBAAMed CoCrFeNiMn HEA consists of a stable solid-solution FCC structure,with de-creased lattice parameter but slightly increased(full width at half maximum)FWHM as the accumulation of the inter-layer ***{001}cube texture with a weakened texture intensity was de-tected with an increment of inter-layer remelting frequency from once to 5 times,yet it was transformed into{011}Goss texture with a further increase to 7 ***,the mean grain diameter distinctly decreased,while the volume fraction of(low angle grain boundaries)LAGBs and dislocation density remarkably added up as the accumulated inter-layer *** cellular substructure generated in all process conditions and could be easily differentiated by elemental *** theσand M 23 C 6 Cr-rich precipitates in nano-scale and submicron MnS precipitate were detected on the grain boundaries of the PBAAMed deposited components,with a rather sparse *** of mechanical performance,the YS,UTS,and hardening rate are generally increased while the UE is grad-ually decreased as increased inter-layer remelting *** studied PBAAMed CoCrFeNiMn HEA pos-sesses comparable mechanical performances with the counterparts of laser-deposited and as-cast *** strengthening mechanisms of the studied material are predominantly the grain boundary strength-ening and dislocation *** investigation would be a valuable resource in the research field of fabricating HEA alloys with acceptable microstructure and properties using the PBAAM method.

关键词： CoCrFeNiMn HEA Powder-bed arc additive manufacturing (PBAAM) Microstructure Phase Mechanical properties

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Recent progress and perspectives in additive manufacturing of magnesium alloys

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2022年第6期10卷 1511-1541页

作者： Zhuoran Zeng Mojtaba Salehi Alexander Kopp Shiwei Xu Marco Esmaily Nick Birbilis College of Engineering and Computer Science Australian National UniversityACT.2601 Australia Additive Manufacturing Group Singapore Institute of Manufacturing Technology(SIMTech)Agency forScienceTechnology and Research(A∗STAR)73 Nanyang Drive637662 Singapore Meotec gmbh Philipsstr.8AachenGermany State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body Hunan UniversityChangsh1410082 China Department of materials Science and Engineering Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA 02139United States of America Volvo materials technology Laboratory Volvo GroupLundbyGothenburg 41715Sweden

Magnesium alloys remain critical in the context of light-weighting and advanced devices. The increased utilisation of magnesium(Mg)each year reveals growing demand for its Mg-based alloys. Additive manufacturing(AM) provides the possibility to directly manufacture components in net-shape, providing new possibilities and applications for the use of Mg-alloys, and new prospects in the utilisation of novel physical structures made possible from ‘3D printing’. The review herein seeks to holistically explore the additive manufacturing of Mg-alloys to date, including a synopsis of processes used and properties measured(with a comparison to conventionally prepared Mg-alloys). The challenges and possibilities of AM Mg-alloys are critically elaborated for the field of mechanical metallurgy.

关键词： Magnesium Additive manufacturing Microstructure 3D printing Mechanical properties Electrochemical properties

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Pressureless all-solid-state Na/S batteries with self-supporting Na_(5)YSi_(4)O_(12) scaffolds

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Carbon Energy 2023年第12期5卷 97-110页

作者： Aikai Yang Ruijie Ye Huimin Song Qiongqiong Lu Xingchao Wang Enkhtsetseg Dashjav Kai Yao Daniel Grüner Qianli Ma Frank Tietz Olivier Guillon Forschungszentrum Jülich gmbh Institute of Energy and Climate Research(IEK-1)JülichGermany Institute of Mineral Engineering(GHI) RWTH Aachen UniversityAachenGermany Beijing Key Laboratory of Theory and technology for Advanced Batteries materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijingChina Institute of materials Henan Academy of SciencesZhengzhouHenanChina Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced Conductor materials ZhengzhouHenanChina State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional MaterialsAutonomous RegionInstitute of Applied ChemistryCollege of ChemistryXinjiang UniversityUrumqiXinjiangChina Forschungszentrum Jülich gmbh Institute of Energy and Climate Research(IEK-2)JülichGermany Jülich Aachen Research Alliance JARA-EnergyJülichGermany

The development of reliable and affordable all-solid-state sodium metal batteries(ASS-SMBs)requires suitable solid-state electrolytes with cost-efficient processing and stabilized electrode/electrolyte ***,an integrated porous/dense/porous Na_(5)YSi_(4)O_(12)(NYS)trilayered scaffold is designed and fabricated by tape casting using aqueous *** this template-based NYS scaffold,the dense layer in the middle serves as a separator and the porous layers on both sides accommodate the active materials with their volume changes during the charge/discharge processes,increasing the contact area and thus enhancing the utilization rate and homogenizing the current *** Na/NYS/Na symmetric cells with the Pb-coated NYS scaffold exhibit significantly reduced interfacial impedance and superior critical current density of up to 3.0 mA cm^(-2)against Na metal owing to enhanced ***,the assembled Na/NYS/S full cells operated without external pressure at room temperature showed a high initial discharge capacity of 970 mAh g^(-1)and good cycling stability with a capacity of 600 mAh g^(-1)after 150 cycles(based on the mass of sulfur).This approach paves the way for the realization of economical and practical ASS-SMBs from the perspective of ceramic manufacturing.

关键词： Na/S batteries Na_(5)YSi_(4)O_(12) scaffold solid-state electrolytes tape casting

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Thermal cycling creep properties of a directionally solidified superalloy DZ125

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Journal of materials Science & technology 2022年第9期104卷 269-284页

作者： Wenrui An Satoshi Utada Xiaotong Guo Stoichko Antonov Weiwei Zheng Jonathan Cormier Qiang Feng Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for materials Genome Engineering State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and MaterialsUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Institut Pprime UPR CNRS 3346Department of Physics and Mechanics of MaterialsISAE-ENSMABP4010986961 Futuroscope Chasseneuil CedexFrance China Electronic Product Reliability and Environmental Testing Research Institute Guangzhou 510610China Department of Microstructure Physics and Alloy Design Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbHDüsseldorf 40237Germany

Aero-engine turbine blades may suffer overheating during service,which can result in severe microstructural and mechanical degradation within tens of *** this study,the thermal cycling creep under(950℃/15 min+1100℃/1 min)-100 MPa was performed on a directionally solidified superalloy,*** effects of overheating and thermal cycling on the creep properties were evaluated in terms of creep behavior and microstructural evolution against isothermally crept specimens under 950℃/100 MPa,950℃/270 MPa,and 1100℃/100 *** results indicated that the thermal cycling creep life was reduced dramatically compared to the isothermal creep under 950℃/100 *** plastic creep deformation mainly occurred during the overheating stage during the thermal cycling *** thermal cycling creep curve exhibited three stages,similar to the 1100℃isothermal creep,but its minimum creep rate occurred at a lower creep *** overheating events caused severe microstructural degradation,such as substantial dissolution ofγ'phase,earlier formation of raftedγ'microstructure,widening of theγchannels,and instability of the interfacial dislocation *** microstructural degradation was the main reason for the dramatic decrease in thermal cycling creep life,as the thermal cycling promoted more dislocations to cut intoγ'phase and more cracks to initiate at grain boundaries,carbides,and residual eutectic *** study underlines the importance of evaluating the thermal cycling creep properties of superalloys to be used as turbine blades and provides insights into the effect of thermal cycling on directionally solidified superalloys for component design.

关键词： Directional solidified superalloy Thermal cycling creep Overheating Creep properties Microstructural degradation

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