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Role of artificial intelligence in colorectal cancer

Artificial Intelligence in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2024年第2期5卷 31-40页

作者： Gita Lingam Taner Shakir Rawen Kader Manish Chand Department of General Surgery Princess Alexandra HospitalHarlow CM201QXUnited Kingdom Department of Colorectal Surgery University College LondonLondon W1W 7TYUnited Kingdom Department of Gastroenterology University College LondonUniversity College London Hospitals Nhs Foundation TrustLondon W1BUnited Kingdom Gastroenterological Intervention Centre University College LondonLondon W1W 7TSUnited Kingdom

The sphere of artificial intelligence(AI)is ever *** for clinical practice have been emerging over recent *** its uptake has been most prominent in endoscopy,this represents only one aspect of holistic patient *** are a multitude of other potential avenues in which gastrointestinal care may be *** aim to review the role of AI in colorectal cancer as a *** performed broad scoping and focused searches of the applications of AI in the field of colorectal *** trials including qualitative research were included from the year 2000 *** were grouped into pre-operative,intra-operative and post-operative ***,the major use is with endoscopic *** has embraced the use for human derived classifications such as Narrow-band Imaging International Colorectal Endoscopic,Japan Narrow-band Imaging Expert Team,Paris and ***,novel detection and diagnostic methods have arisen from advances in AI ***-operatively,adjuncts such as image enhanced identification of structures and assessment of perfusion have led to improvements in clinical ***-operatively,monitoring and surveillance have taken strides with potential socioeconomic and environmental *** uses of AI within the umbrella of colorectal surgery are *** have identified existing technologies which are already augmenting cancer *** future applications are exciting and could at least match,if not surpass human standards.

关键词： Artificial intelligence Colorectal cancer Pre-operative Intra-operative Post-operative Adjuncts Colonoscopy

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Role of early transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic stent-shunt in acute variceal bleeding:An update of the evidence and future directions

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第44期27卷 7612-7624页

作者： Faisal Khan Dhiraj Tripathi Gastroenterology Unit University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation TrustBirmingham B152THUnited Kingdom Liver Unit University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation TrustBirmingham B152THUnited Kingdom NIHR birmingham biomedical Research Centre University Hospitals BirminghamNHS Foundation Trust and University of BirminghamBirmingham B152THUnited Kingdom Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy University of BirminghamBirmingham B152THUnited Kingdom

Variceal bleeding is a serious complication of cirrhosis and portal *** the improvement in management of acute variceal bleed(AVb),it still carries significant *** pressure is the main driver of variceal bleeding and also a main predictor of *** in portal pressure has been the mainstay of management of variceal *** intrahepatic porto-systemic stent shunt(TIPSS)is a very effective modality in reducing the portal hypertension and thereby,controlling portal hypertensive ***,its use in refractory bleeding(rescue/salvage TIPSS)is still associated with high mortality.“Early”use of TIPSS as a“pre-emptive strategy”in patients with AVb at high risk of failure of treatment has shown to be superior to standard treatment in several *** patients with Child C cirrhosis(up to 13 points)clearly benefit from early-TIPSS strategy,it’s role in less severe liver disease(Child b)and more severe disease(Child C>13 points)remains less ***,standard of care has improved in the last decade leading to improved 1-year survival in high-risk patients with AVb as compared to earlier“early”TIPSS *** in the real world,only a minority of patients with AVb fulfil the stringent criteria for early ***,there is unmet need to explore role of early TIPSS in management of AVb in well-designed prospective studies. In this review, we have appraised the role of early TIPSS, patient selection anddiscussed future directions in the management of patients with AVb.

关键词： Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic stent-shunt Early transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic stent-shunt Salvage transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic stent-shunt Portal hypertension Acute variceal bleed Hepatic encephalopathy

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Formation environment and hydrocarbon potential of the Paleogene Enping Formation coal measures in the ZhuⅠDepression of northern South China Sea

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2024年第4期43卷 119-135页

作者： Yuting Yin Lei Lan Dongdong Wang Ying Chen Yan Liu Youchuan Li Zengxue Li Jiamin Liu College of Earth Science and Engineering Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdaoShandong 266590China China National Offshore Oil Corporation Research Institute Co. Ltd.Beijing 100028China School of Geography Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamB152TTUK

The coal-measure source rock in the Chinese sea area plays a significant role as a hydrocarbon source rock,with its genetic environment,development and distribution,and hydrocarbon generation potential serving as essential factors for the exploration of coal-type oil and gas *** study focuses on the coal-measure source rock of the Paleogene Enping Formation in the ZhuⅠDepression,located in the northern South China *** main geological insights obtained are as *** coal measures of the Enping Formation are developed in a warm and wet tropical-subtropical *** development environment of the coal-measure source rock in the Enping Formation includes the braided river delta upper plain peat swamp,characterized by dry forest swamp coal facies with relatively thick coal seams and a small number of *** braided river delta lower plain swamp-interdistributary bay of braided river delta front represents a forest edge-wetland herbaceous swamp coal facies with numerous layers of thin coal seams and poor *** shore swamp corresponds to an open water swamp coal facies with multiple layers of thin coal seams and poor *** organic matter abundance in the braided river delta upper plain is the highest,followed by the braided river delta lower plain-braided river delta front,and the shore-shallow *** organic matter type is predominantly typeⅡ*** evolution analysis suggests that the organic matter has progressed into a substantial oil generation *** hydrocarbon generation potential of the coal-measure source rock in the Enping Formation is the highest in the braided river delta upper plain,followed by the braided river delta lower plain-braided river delta front and the shore-shallow ***,this study proposes three organic facies in the coal-measure source rock of the Enping Formation:upper-plain swamp-dry forest swamp facies,lower plain-interdistributary bay-forest-herbaceous swamp facies,and lake swamp-herbaceo

关键词： coal-measure source rock Paleogene genetic environment hydrocarbon generation characteristic ZhuⅠDepression

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Resampling approaches for the quantitative analysis of spatially distributed cells

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Data Intelligence 2024年第1期6卷 104-119页

作者： Giorgio bertolazzi Michele Tumminello Gaia Morello beatrice belmonte Claudio Tripodo Department of Economics Business and StatisticsUniversity of PalermoPalermoItaly Tumor Immunology Unit Department of Health SciencesUniversity of PalermoPalermoItaly Histopathology Unit Institute of Molecular Oncology Foundation(IFOM)ETS-The AIRC Institute of Molecular OncologyMilanItaly

Image segmentation is a crucial step in various image analysis pipelines and constitutes one of the cutting-edge areas of digital *** advent of quantitative analysis has enabled the evaluation of millions of individual cells in tissues,allowing for the combined assessment of morphological features,biomarker expression,and spatial *** recorded cells can be described as a point pattern ***,the classical statistical approaches to point pattern processes prove unreliable in this context due to the presence of multiple irregularly-shaped interstitial cell-devoid spaces in the domain,which correspond to anatomical features(***,lipid vacuoles,glandular lumina)or tissue artefacts(*** fractures),and whose coordinates are *** interstitial spaces impede the accurate calculation of the domain area,resulting in biased clustering ***,the mistaken inclusion of empty regions of the domain can directly impact the results of hypothesis *** literature currently lacks any introduced bias correction method to address interstitial cell-devoid *** address this gap,we propose novel resampling methods for testing spatial randomness and evaluating relationships among different cell *** methods obviate the need for domain area estimation and provide non-biased clustering *** created the SpaceR software(https://***/Gbertolazzi/SpaceR)to enhance the accessibility of our methodologies.

关键词： Digital pathology spatial cytometry spatial clustering spatial randomness resampling

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A systematic review of objective burn scar measurements

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burns & Trauma 2016年第2期4卷 90-122页

作者： Kwang Chear Lee Janine Dretzke Liam Grover Ann Logan Naiem Moiemen The Healing foundation burn Research Centre University Hospital Birmingham Foundation TrustBirmingham B152THUK School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine College of Medical and Dental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamBirmingham B152TTUK Public Health Epidemiology and BiostatisticsInstitute of Applied Health ResearchCollege of Medical and Dental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamBirmingham B152TTUK School of Chemical Engineering University of BirminghamBirmingham B152TTUK School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine College of Medical and Dental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamBirmingham B152TTUK The Healing foundation burn Research Centre University Hospital Birmingham Foundation TrustBirmingham B152THUK

background:Problematic scarring remains a challenging aspect to address in the treatment of burns and can significantly affect the quality of life of the burn *** present,there are few treatments available in the clinic to control adverse scarring,but experimental pharmacological anti-scarring strategies are now beginning to *** comparative success must be based on objective measurements of scarring,yet currently the clinical assessment of scars is not carried out systematically and is mostly based on subjective review of ***,several techniques and devices are being introduced that allow objective analysis of the burn *** aim of this article is to evaluate various objective measurement tools currently available and recommend a useful panel that is suitable for use in clinical trials of anti-scarring ***:A systematic literature search was done using the Web of Science,PubMed and Cochrane *** identified devices were then classified and grouped according to the parameters they *** tools were then compared and assessed in terms of inter-and intra-rater reproducibility,ease of use and ***:After duplicates were removed,5062 articles were obtained in the *** further screening,157 articles which utilised objective burn scar measurement systems or tools were *** scar measurement devices can be broadly classified into those measuring colour,metric variables,texture,biomechanical properties and pathophysiological ***:Objective scar measurement tools allow the accurate and reproducible evaluation of scars,which is important for both clinical and scientific ***,studies to evaluate their relative performance and merits of these tools are scarce,and there remain factors,such as itch and pain,which cannot be measured *** reviewing the available evidence,a panel of devices for objective scar measurement is recommended consisting of the 3D cameras(Eyk

关键词： Scar measurement burn Objective measurement 3D camera Laser imaging High-frequency ultrasound image Colorimeter Cutometer

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Plastic Crystal Neopentyl Glycol/Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes Composites for Highly Efficient barocaloric Refrigeration System

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第1期33卷 383-393页

作者： DAI Zhaofeng SHE Xiaohui SHAO bohan YIN Ershuai DING Yulong LI Yongliang ZHANG Xiaosong ZHAO Dongliang School of Energy&Environment Southeast UniversityNanjing 210096China School of Mechanical Engineering Shijiazhuang Tiedao UniversityShijiazhuang 050043China School of Energy and Power Engineering Nanjing University of Science&TechnologyNanjing 210094China birmingham Centre for Energy Storage School of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of BirminghamBirmingham B152TTUK

Plastic crystal neopentyl glycol(NPG)exhibits colossal barocaloric effect with high entropy ***,their application is restricted in several aspects,such as low thermal conductivity,substantial supercooling effect,and poor springback *** this work,multi-walled carbon nanotubes(MWCNTs)with ultra-high thermal conductivity and high mechanical strength were selected for performance enhancement of *** optimal mixing ratio was determined to be NPG with 3 wt%MWCNTs composites,which showed a 6K reduction in supercooling without affecting the phase change ***,comprehensive performance of the composites with optimal mixing ratio was compared with pure NPG At 40 MPa,390J·K^(-1)·kg^(-1)change in entropy and 9.9 K change in temperature were ***,the minimum driving pressure required to achieve reversible barocaloric effect was reduced by 19.2%.In addition,the thermal conductivity of the composite was increased by approximately 28%,significantly reducing the heat exchange time during a barocaloric refrigeration *** importantly,ultra-high pressure release rate resulted in a73.7%reduction in the springback time of the composites,offering new opportunities for the recovery of expansion work.

关键词： barocaloric refrigeration neopentyl glycol MWCNTs performance enhancement

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Preparation,characterization and antioxidant activity analysis of three Maillard glycosylated bone collagen hydrolysates from chicken,porcine and bovine

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第4期13卷 2002-2013页

作者： Liwei Qi Hongru Zhang Yujie Guo Hong Liu Chunhui Zhang Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsInstitute of Food Science and TechnologyChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100193China Laboratory of biomass and Green Technologies University of Liege-Gembloux Agro-Bio TechPassage des déportés 2Gembloux B-5030Belgium

bone collagen hydrolysates(peptides)derived from byproduct of animal product processing have been used to produce commercially valuable products due to their potential antioxidant *** glycosylated reaction is considered as a promising method to enhance the antioxidant activity of ***,this research aims at investigating the Maillard glycosylation activity and antioxidant activity of bone collagen hydrolysates from different *** this study,3 glycosylated bone collagen hydrolysates were prepared and characterized,and cytotoxicity and antioxidant activity were analyzed and *** free amino groups loss,browning intensity,and fluorescence intensity of G-Cbcp(glycosylated chicken bone collagen hydrolysates(peptides))were the heaviest,followed by G-Pbcp(glycosylated porcine bone collagen hydrolysates(peptides))and G-bbcp(glycosylated bovine bone collagen hydrolysates(peptides)).The results of amino acid analysis showed that amino acid composition of different bone collagen hydrolysates was significantly different and the amino acid decreased to different degrees after Maillard glycosylated reaction,which may lead to differences in Maillard glycosylated reaction ***,the 3 glycosylated hydrolysates showed no significant *** results showed that glycosylation process significantly increased the antioxidant activity of bone collagen hydrolysates,and G-Cbcp showed the strongest antioxidant activity,followed by G-Pbcp and ***,compared with the bone collagen hydrolysates,3 glycosylated hydrolysates showed significant characteristic and structural changes,and higher antioxidant activity.

关键词： bone collagen hydrolysates Glycosylation reaction Antioxidant activity

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Contribution of leaf growth on the disappearance of fungicides used on tea under south Indian agroclimatic conditions

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science b(biomedicine & biotechnology) 2009年第6期10卷 422-426页

作者： Chinnachamy KARTHIKA Narayanan Nair MURALEEDHARAN United Planter's Association of South India (UPASI) Tea Research Institute Tea Research Foundation Nirar Dam B.P.O United Planter's Association of South India (UPASI) Tea Research Institute Tea Research FoundationNirar Dam B.P.O

The sprayed chemicals on tea leaves disappear over a period of time by the influence of rainfall elution, evaporation, growth dilution, and photodegradation. Influence of plant growth on the four fungicides (hexaconazole, propiconazole, tridemorph, and c) was studied to know the constructive loss of fungicides. The study shows that residues of fungicides sprayed on tea shoots got diluted by the growing process. The expansion of a leaf took 8 to 11 d and more than 50% of the fungicide residues were cleaned out during this leaf expansion period. Under south Indian agroclimatic condition, the fungicides are sprayed at an interval of 10 d, so it is safe that the tea is harvested on the 10th day of the application of fungicides.

关键词： Tea shoots Growth Dilution Fungicides Residue loss

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Nitrate reduction capacity of the oral microbiota is impaired in periodontitis:potential implications for systemic nitric oxide availability

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International Journal of Oral Science 2024年第1期16卷 52-61页

作者： bob T.Rosier William Johnston Miguel Carda-Diéguez Annabel Simpson Elena Cabello-Yeves Krystyna Piela Robert Reilly Alejandro Artacho Chris Easton Mia burleigh Shauna Culshaw Alex Mira Department of Genomics and Health FISABIO FoundationCenter for Advanced Research in Public HealthValenciaSpain Department of biological and biomedical Sciences Glasgow Caledonian UniversityGlasgowUK Oral Sciences University of Glasgow Dental SchoolSchool of MedicineDentistry and NursingCollege of MedicalVeterinary and Life SciencesUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK Sport and Physical Activity Research Institute University of the West of ScotlandBlantyreScotland Instituto de biomedicina de Valencia Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas(IBV-CSIC)ValenciaSpain CIbER Center for Epidemiology and Public Health MadridSpain

The reduction of nitrate to nitrite by the oral microbiota has been proposed to be important for oral health and results in nitric oxide formation that can improve cardiometabolic conditions. Studies of bacterial composition in subgingival plaque suggest that nitrate-reducing bacteria are associated with periodontal health, but the impact of periodontitis on nitrate-reducing capacity(NRC)and, therefore, nitric oxide availability has not been evaluated. The current study aimed to evaluate how periodontitis affects the NRC of the oral microbiota. First, 16S rRNA sequencing data from five different countries were analyzed, revealing that nitratereducing bacteria were significantly lower in subgingival plaque of periodontitis patients compared with healthy individuals(P bgingival plaque, saliva, and plasma samples were obtained from 42 periodontitis patients before and after periodontal treatment. The oral NRC was determined in vitro by incubating saliva with 8 mmol/L nitrate(a concentration found in saliva after nitrate-rich vegetable intake) and compared with the NRC of 15healthy individuals. Salivary NRC was found to be diminished in periodontal patients before treatment(P but recovered to healthy levels 90 days post-treatment. Additionally, the subgingival levels of nitrate-reducing bacteria increased after treatment and correlated negatively with periodontitis-associated bacteria(P baseline saliva and plasma nitrate and nitrite levels was found, indicating that differences in the NRC may only be revealed after nitrate intake. Our results suggest that an impaired NRC in periodontitis could limit dietary nitrate-derived nitric oxide levels, and the effect on systemic health should be explored in future studies.

关键词： impaired intake nitrate

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Isolation and microbial transformation of tea sapogenin from seed pomace of Camellia oleifera with anti-inflammatory effects

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2024年第3期22卷 280-288页

作者： SHEN Pingping JIANG Xuewa ZHANG Jingling WANG Jiayi Raj Richa LI Guolong GE Haixia WANG Weiwei YU boyang ZHANG Jian State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing 210009China Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine Resources Industrialization by Shaanxi&Education Ministry Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of New Drugs and Chinese Medicine Foundation ResearchShaanxi University of Chinese MedicineXianyang 712046China School of Life Sciences Huzhou UniversityHuzhou 313000China Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing 210046China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing 211198China

In the current study,tea saponin,identified as the primary bioactive constituent in seed pomace of Camellia oleifera Abel.,was meticulously extracted and hydrolyzed to yield five known sapogenins:16-O-tiglogycamelliagnin b(a),camelliagnin A(b),16-O-angeloybarringtogenol C(c),theasapogenol E(d),theasapogenol F(e).Subsequent biotransformation of compound a facilitated the isolation of six novel metabolites(a1−a6).The anti-inflammatory potential of these compounds was assessed using pathogenassociated molecular patterns(PAMPs)and damage-associated molecular patterns molecules(DAMPs)-mediated cellular inflammation ***,compounds b and a2 demonstrated significant inhibitory effects on both lipopolysaccharide(LPS)and high-mobility group box 1(HMGb1)-induced inflammation,surpassing the efficacy of the standard anti-inflammatory agent,***,compounds d,a3,and a6 selectivity targeted endogenous HMGb1-induced inflammation,showcasing a pronounced *** results underscore the therapeutic promise of *** seed pomace-derived compounds as potent agents for the management of inflammatory diseases triggered by infections and tissue damage.

关键词： Camellia oleifera Seed pomace Tea sapogenin Microbial transformation Damage-associated molecular patterns and Pathogen-associated molecular patterns Anti-inflammatory activity

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