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Mortality burden of Liver Cancer in China: An Observational Study From 2008 to 2020

Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2024年第4期12卷 371-380页

作者： Huixin Liu Xiaoxiao Wang Lijun Wang Peng Yin Feng Liu Lai Wei Yu Wang Maigeng Zhou Jinlei Qi Huiying Rao Department of Clinical Epidemiology and biostatistics Peking University People's HospitalBeijingChina Peking University People’s Hospital Peking University Hepatology InstituteBeijing Key Laboratory of Hepatitis C and Immunotherapy for Liver DiseasesBeijing International Cooperation Base for Science and Technology on NAFLD DiagnosisBeijingChina National Center for Chronic Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital Tsinghua UniversityBeijingChina Chinese foundation for hepatitis Prevention and Control BeijingChina

background and Aims:China accounts for nearly half of liver cancer deaths globally.A better understanding of the current liver cancer mortality will be helpful to establishing priorities for intervention and to decreasing the disease burden of liver *** study aimed to explore and predict the mortality burden of liver cancer in ***:Data were extracted from the Disease Surveillance Point system of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention from 2008 to *** and age-standardized liver cancer mortality rates were reported by sex,urban or rural residence,and *** in liver cancer mortality rates from 2008 to 2020 were estimated as average annual percentage change(AAPC).The changing trend of live cancer mortality in the future is also ***:In 2020,the crude mortality of liver cancer was 25.57/100,000,and males and people lived in rural areas had higher age-standardized liver cancer mortality rates than females and people lived in people in urban *** mortality and age-standardized mortality rates in southwest provinces(Guangxi,Sichuan,Tibet)and in a northeast province(Heilongjiang)were higher than that in other provinces,and age-specific mortality rates increased with *** 2008 to 2020,liver cancer mortality rates decreased,but people under 50 years of age had a higher AAPC than those over 50 years of age,possibly because of the adoption of hepatitis b virus vaccination in newborns and ***,the mortality of liver cancer in 2021–2030 is predicted to have a downward ***:Liver cancer mortality rates declined in China from 2008 to *** interventions to control liver cancer mortality need to focus on people of male sex,older age,and living in rural areas or less developed provinces.

关键词： Liver cancer Mortality burden Trend China Prediction

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Navigating reflux disease after achalasia treatments:balancing risks and benefits

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第21期30卷 2740-2743页

作者： Ewen A Griffiths Enoch Wong Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation TrustBirmingham B152GWWest MidlandsUnited Kingdom Department of Immunology and Immunotherapy University of BirminghamBirmingham B152TTWest MidlandsUnited Kingdom

The peroral endoscopic myotomy(POEM)procedure has revolutionized the management of achalasia in many centres around the world as it offers patients a minimally invasive endoscopic solution to their dysphagia caused by *** its success in alleviating dysphagia,concerns regarding postoperative gastroesophageal reflux disease have emerged as a pertinent issue which are not fully *** this study,Nabi et al have comprehensively reviewed the topic of the prediction,prevention and management of gastroesophageal reflux after *** is a purely endoscopic procedure which is usually performed without any anti-reflux *** patients may be better served by a laparoscopic Heller’s myotomy and fundoplication and it is important that gastroenterologists and surgeons provide comprehensive risks and benefits of each achalasia treatment option so that patients can decide what treatment is best for *** article by Nabi et al provides a comprehensive review of the current status of this issue to allow these discussions to occur.

关键词： Achalasia Gastro-esophageal reflux disease Laparoscopic heller’s myotomy Peroral endoscopic myotomy Fundoplication

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Current concepts in the management of non-cirrhotic non-malignant portal vein thrombosis

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第5期16卷 751-765页

作者： Adam J Willington Dhiraj Tripathi Department of Hepatology University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation TrustBirmingham B152GWUnited Kingdom Department of Hepatology University Hospitals BirminghamBirmingham B152THUnited Kingdom

Non-cirrhotic non-malignant portal vein thrombosis(NCPVT)is an uncommon condition characterised by thrombosis of the portal vein,with or without extension into other mesenteric veins,in the absence of cirrhosis or intra-abdominal *** can include intestinal infarction,variceal bleeding and portal *** this article,we address current concepts in the management of NCPVT including identification of risk factors,classification and treatment,and review the latest evidence on medical and interventional management options.

关键词： Non-cirrhotic portal vein thrombosis Portal vein Mesenteric veins Venous thrombosis Portal hypertension

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Management of distal cholangiocarcinoma with arterial involvement: Systematic review and case series on the role of neoadjuvant therapy

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第8期16卷 2689-2701页

作者： Lewis A Hall Duncan Loader Santiago Gouveia Marta burak James Halle-Smith Peter Labib Moath Alarabiyat Ravi Marudanayagam bobby V Dasari Keith J Roberts Syed S Raza Michail Papamichail David C bartlett Robert P Sutcliffe Nikolaos A Chatzizacharias Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation TrustBirmingham B152GWUnited Kingdom Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy University of BirminghamBirmingham B152TTUnited Kingdom College of Medical and Dental Sciences University of BirminghamBirmingham B152TTUnited Kingdom Institute of Clinical Sciences University of BirminghamBirmingham B152TTUnited Kingdom

bACKGROUND The use of neoadjuvant therapy(NAT)in distal cholangiocarcinoma(dCCA)with regional arterial or extensive venous involvement,is not widely accepted and evidence is *** To synthesise evidence on NAT for dCCA and present the experience of a highvolume tertiary-centre managing dCCA with arterial *** A systematic review was performed according to PRISMA guidance to identify all studies reporting outcomes of patients with dCCA who received *** patients from 2017 to 2022 who were referred for NAT for dCCA at our centre were retrospectively collected from a prospectively maintained *** characteristics,NAT type,progression to surgery and oncological outcomes were *** Twelve studies were *** definition of“unresectable”locally advanced dCCA was *** studies reported outcomes for 9 patients who received NAT for dCCA with extensive vascular involvement.R0 resection rate ranged between 0 and 100%but without survival benefit in most *** studies considered either NAT in resectable dCCA or inclusive with extrahepatic *** presented case series includes 9 patients(median age 67,IQR 56-74 years,male:female 5:4)referred for NAT for borderline resectable or locally advanced *** patients progressed to surgery and 2 were *** patient died at 14 months with evidence of recurrence at 6 months and the other died at 51 months following recurrence 6 months *** Evidence for benefit of NAT is *** on criteria for uniform definition of resectability for dCCA is *** propose using the established National-Comprehensive-Cancer-Network®criteria for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

关键词： Cholangiocarcinoma Neoadjuvant therapy Arterial involvement Locally advanced Systematic review

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Safety and Immunogenicity After Primary and booster Inactivated SARS-Cov-2 Vaccination in Patients with Autoimmune Liver Diseases

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2024年第2期12卷 162-171页

作者： Zhiwei Chen Yuting Wang Taiyu He Hu Li Ling Ao Qingbo Pan Yingzhi Zhou Qian Zhu Dejuan Xiang Gaoli Zhang Ning Ling Min Chen Peng Hu Mingli Peng Dachuan Cai Dazhi Zhang Hong Ren Department of Infectious Diseases the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina Key Laboratory of Molecular biology for Infectious Diseases(Ministry of Education) Institute for Viral Hepatitisthe Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina

background and Aims:SARS-CoV-2 vaccines-associated autoimmune liver diseases have been reported in several case ***,the safety and immunogenicity after primary and booster inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in patients with autoimmune liver diseases(AILD)is still ***:Eighty-four patients with AILD were prospectively followed up after the second dose(primary)of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 *** of them received the third dose(booster)of inactivated *** events(AEs),autoimmune activation,and liver inflammation exacerbation after primary and booster vaccination were ***,dynamics of antireceptor-binding-domain IgG(anti-RbD-IgG),neutralizing antibodies(NAbs)and RbD-specific b cells responses were ***:The overall AEs in AILD patients after primary and booster vaccination were 26.2%and 13.3%,*** decrease of C3 level and increase of immunoglobulin light chain K andλlevels were observed in AILD patients after primary vaccination,however,liver inflammation was not exacerbated,even after booster *** the seroprevalence and titers of anti-RbD-IgG and NAbs were decreased over time in AILD patients after primary ***,the antibody titers were significantly elevated after booster vaccination(10-fold in anti-RbD-IgG and 7.4-fold in NAbs,respectively),which was as high as in healthy ***,the inferior antibody response was not enhanced after booster vaccination in patients with *** of atypical memory b cells were inversely related to antibody levels,which indicate that the impaired immune memory was partially restored partly by the booster ***:The well tolerability and enhanced humoral immune response of inactivated vaccine supports an additional booster vaccination in AILD patients without immunosuppressants.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 Autoimmune liver disease Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine Safety Antibody responses Memory b cells

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Prospective randomized study correlating intra-operative urethral mucosal injury with early period after transurethral resection of the prostate stricture urethra: A novel concept

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Asian Journal of Urology 2024年第3期11卷 466-472页

作者： Suresh b.Patankar Mayur M.Narkhede Gururaj Padasalagi Kashinath Thakare Department of Urology Ace HospitalPuneASP Medical FoundationSripad Medisearch PVT LTDIndia

Objective:To investigate the incidence of urethral stricture during the early period after transurethral resection of the prostate(TURP)and correlate its incidence with intra-operative urethral mucosal injury during *** to compare the other established risk factors affecting the development of urethral stricture among patients undergoing monopolar or bipolar TURP over a period of 6 months follow-up as the prospective randomized ***:One hundred and fifty men older than 50 years with lower-urinary tract symptoms associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia were randomized to undergo either standard monopolar TURP with glycine as the irrigation fluid or bipolar TURP with normal saline as *** prostate size,operative time,intra-operative mucosal rupture,catheter time,catheter traction duration,uroflowmetry,and post-operative stricture rate were ***:A total of 150 patients underwent TURP,including 74 patients undergoing monopolar TURP(one patient was excluded as his post-operative histopathological examination report was of adenocarcinoma prostate)and 75 patients undergoing bipolar-TURP,all of which were performed using a 26 Fr sheath *** mean International Prostate Symptom Score and maximum urinary flow rate score at post-operative 3 months and 6 months were comparable between the *** of 149 patients,nine patients(6.0%)developed urethral *** severity of the injury(urethral mucosal injury)correlated with the likelihood of developing a subsequent complication(stricture urethra).Patients with stricture had significantly larger prostate volume than patients without stricture(65.0 mL vs.50.0 mL;p=0.030).Patients with stricture had longer operative time than patients without stricture(55.0 min vs.40.0 min;p=0.002).In both procedures,formation of post-operative stricture urethra was independently associated with intra-operative mucosal ***:Intra-operative recognition of urethral mucosal injury hel

关键词： Urethral stricture Transurethral resectionof the prostate Mucosal injury Risk factor

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A facile strategy for tuning the density of surface-grafted biomolecules for melt extrusion-based additive manufacturing applications

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bio-Design and Manufacturing 2024年第3期7卷 277-291页

作者： I.A.O.beeren G.Dos Santos P.J.Dijkstra C.Mota J.bauer H.Ferreira Rui L.Reis N.Neves S.Camarero-Espinosa M.b.baker L.Moroni Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative MedicineMaastricht University6229 ER MaastrichtThe Netherlands 3b’s Research Group I3Bs–Research Institute on BiomaterialsBiodegradables and BiomimeticsHeadquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative MedicineUniversity of MinhoAveParkZona Industrial da Gandra4805-017 BarcoGuimarãesPortugal ICVS/3b’s-PT Government Associate Laboratory 4806-909 Braga/GuimarãesPortugal POLYMAT University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU20018 Donostia/San SebastiánSpain IKERbASQUE Basque Foundation for Science48009 BilbaoSpain

Melt extrusion-based additive manufacturing(ME-AM)is a promising technique to fabricate porous scaffolds for tissue engi-neering ***,most synthetic semicrystalline polymers do not possess the intrinsic biological activity required to control cell *** of biomolecules on polymeric surfaces of AM scaffolds enhances the bioactivity of a construct;however,there are limited strategies available to control the surface ***,we report a strategy to tune the surface density of bioactive groups by blending a low molecular weight poly(ε-caprolactone)5k(PCL5k)containing orthogonally reactive azide groups with an unfunctionalized high molecular weight PCL75k at different *** porous three-dimensional(3D)scaf-folds were then fabricated using a high weight percentage(75 wt.%)of the low molecular weight PCL *** a proof-of-concept test,we prepared films of three different mass ratios of low and high molecular weight polymers with a thermopress and reacted with an alkynated fluorescent model compound on the surface,yielding a density of 201-561 pmol/cm^(2).Subsequently,a bone morphogenetic protein 2(bMP-2)-derived peptide was grafted onto the films comprising different blend compositions,and the effect of peptide surface density on the osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stromal cells(hMSCs)was *** two weeks of culturing in a basic medium,cells expressed higher levels of bMP receptor II(bMPRII)on films with the conjugated *** addition,we found that alkaline phosphatase activity was only significantly enhanced on films contain-ing the highest peptide density(i.e.,561 pmol/cm^(2)),indicating the importance of the surface *** together,these results emphasize that the density of surface peptides on cell differentiation must be considered at the cell-material ***,we have presented a viable strategy for ME-AM community that desires to tune the bulk and surface functionality via blending of(m

关键词： Additive manufacturing blending Surface functionalization Surface density Click chemistry Human

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Improved neurological diagnoses and treatment strategies via automated human brain tissue segmentation from clinical magnetic resonance imaging

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Intelligent Medicine 2024年第3期4卷 161-169页

作者： Puranam Revanth Kumar Rajesh Kumar Jha P Akhendra Kumar b Deevena Raju Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Faculty of Science and TechnologyICFAI Foundation for Higher EducationHyderabadIndia Department of Data Science&AI Faculty of Science and TechnologyICFAI Foundation for Higher EducationHyderabadIndia

Objective Segmentation of medical images is a crucial process in various image analysis *** segmentation methods excel in accuracy when compared to manual segmentation in the context of medical image *** of the essential phases in the quantitative analysis of the brain is automated brain tissue segmentation using clinically obtained magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)*** allows for precise quantitative examination of the brain,which aids in diagnosis,identification,and classification of ***,the efficacy of the segmentation approach is crucial to disease diagnosis and treatment *** This study presented a hybrid optimization method for segmenting brain tissue in clinical MRI scans us-ing a fractional Henry horse herd gas optimization-based Shepard convolutional neural network(FrHHGO-based ShCNN).To segment the clinical brain MRI images into white matter(WM),grey matter(GM),and cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)tissues,the proposed framework was evaluated on the Lifespan Human Connectome Projects(HCP)*** hybrid optimization algorithm,FrHHGO,integrates the fractional Henry gas optimization(FHGO)and horse herd optimization(HHO)*** required 30 min,whereas testing and segmentation of brain tissues from an unseen image required an average of 12 *** Compared to the results obtained with no refinements,the Skull stripping refinement showed significant *** the method included a preprocessing stage,it was flexible enough to enhance image quality,allowing for better results even with low-resolution *** precision of 93.2%,recall of 91.5%,Dice score of 91.1%,and F1-score of 90.5% were achieved using the proposed FrHHGO-based ShCNN,which was superior to all other approaches.

关键词： brain tissue segmentation Deep learning Magnetic resonance imaging Optimization technique Shepard convolutional neural network

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Orientation bias of Self-Assembled Alkanes and Their Derivatives Under Dynamic Lateral Nanoconfinement Conditions

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CCS Chemistry 2024年第4期6卷 1024-1033页

作者： Conditions Lihua Yu Yuanzhi Xia Tianze Hu brent Daelemans Steven De Feyter Department of Chemistry Division of Molecular Imaging and PhotonicsKU LeuvenB-3001 Leuven

Self-assembled molecular networks(SAMNs)formed on crystalline solid substrates result from the spontaneous arrangement of individual molecules into structured *** interaction between molecules and the substrate leads to a nonrandom orientation of SAMNs with respect to the substrate’s *** the case of graphite,the sixfold rotational symmetry of the substrate results in an equivalent rotational degeneracy in the orientation of *** this study,we explored how nanoconfinement,that is,the restriction of SAMN formation to nanometersized areas,known as nanocorrals,could impact and potentially alleviate the orientational degeneracy of SAMNs,with emphasis on the influence of molecule symmetry,size,and intermolecular *** this end,we investigated the orientation distribution of n-alkanes and functionalized alkanes within nanocorrals,which were fabricated using scanning tunneling microscopy lithography(nanoshaving).We observed lifting of orientational degeneracy for long alkanes,contrary to shorter alkanes,which did not exhibit this orientation ***,functionalized alkanes with hydrogen bonding groups demonstrated preferential alignment regardless of length,highlighting the significance of stabilizing intermolecular interactions in the alignment *** study discussed the underlying principles of the molecular packing process and shed light on the complexity of molecular self-assembly in nanoconfined spaces.

关键词： self-assembly confinement condition nanocorral orientation bias scanning tunneling microscopy

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SIMAP500: A novel risk score to identify recipients at higher risk of hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence following liver transplantation

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World Journal of Transplantation 2024年第3期14卷 132-143页

作者： Amr Alnagar Nekisa Zakeri Konstantinos Koilias Rosemary E Faulkes Rachel brown Owen Cain M Thamara P R Perera Keith J Roberts Rebeca Sanabria-Mateos David C bartlett Yuk Ting Ma Shivan Sivakumar Shishir Shetty Tahir Shah bobby V M Dasari Department of HbP and Liver Transplantation Surgery Queen Elizabeth HospitalUniversity Hospitals BirminghamBirmingham B152GWUnited Kingdom Centre for Liver Research Institute of Biomedical ResearchBirmingham B152TTUnited Kingdom Department of Hepatology Queen Elizabeth HospitalUniversity Hospitals BirminghamBirmingham B152GWUnited Kingdom Department of Pathology University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation TrustBirmingham B152GWUnited Kingdom Department of Oncology Queen Elizabeth HospitalUniversity Hospitals of BirminghamBirmingham B152GWUnited Kingdom

bACKGROUND Recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)following liver transplantation(LT)has a devastating influence on recipients’survival;however,the risk of recur-rence is not routinely *** stratification is vital with a long LT waiting time,as that could influence the recurrence despite strict listing *** This study aims to identify predictors of recurrence and develop a novel risk pre-diction score to forecast HCC recurrence following *** A retrospective review of LT for HCC recipients at University Hospitals bir-mingham between July 2011 and February *** and multivariate analyses were performed to identify recurrence predictors,based on which the novel SIMAP500(satellite nodules,increase in size,microvascular invasion,AFP>500,poor differentiation)risk score was *** 234 LTs for HCC were performed with a median follow-up of 5.3 *** developed in 25 patients(10.7%).On univariate analyses,RETREAT score>3,α-fetoprotein(AFP)at listing 100-500 and>500,bridging,increased tumour size between imaging at the listing time and explant histology,increase in the size of viable tumour between listing and explant,presence of satellite nodules,micro-and macrovascular invasion on explant and poor differentiation of tumours were significantly associated with recurrence,based on which,the SIMAP500 risk score is *** SIMAP500 demonstrated an excellent predictive ability(c-index=0.803)and outper-formed the RETREAT score(c-index=0.73).SIMAP500 is indicative of the time to disease *** SIMAP500 risk score identifies the LT recipients at risk of HCC *** stratification allows patient-centric post-transplant surveillance *** validation of the score is recommended.

关键词： Liver transplantation Hepatocellular carcinoma Recurrence Survival

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