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Testing of the Adhesion of Herpes Simplex Virus on Textile Substrates and Its Inactivation by Household Laundry Processes

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2016年第12期4卷 111-125页

作者： Anja Gerhardts Dirk Bockmühl Andrea Kyas Anja Hofmann Mirko Weide Ingrid Rapp Dirk Höfer William-Kü ster-Institut for Hygiene Environment & Medicine Hohenstein Institute for Textilinnovation gGmbH Boen-nigheim Germany Rhine-Waal University of Applied Sciences Hygiene and Microbiology Kleve Germany henkel ag & co. kgaa Corporate Scientific Services Duesseldorf Germany Labor Dr. Merk & Kollegen GmbH Ochsenhausen Germany henkel ag & co. kgaa International R&D Laundry & Home Care Duesseldorf Germany

Viral infections like Herpes simplex increasingly pose a serious threat to European health care systems and welfare of the population. Indirect transmission routes of infections via inanimate surfaces are often underestimated. In this study, we investigated the adhesion and persistence of Herpes simplex virus on co.ton fabrics as well as its inactivation by domestic laundry. Virus adhesion to textile fibers was distinct, because viral DNA was detectable on fabrics for at least 48 hours after co.tamination as well as after home laundry. Particles remained infectious for several hours at room temperature and partially for 48 hours at 2℃ - 8℃. Nevertheless, domestic laundry was able to inactivate virus particles given that detergents were adequately used. This co.firmed that standard household laundry processes, as established in Europe, are a suitable tool to reduce infectious Herpes virus particles from textiles, thereby supporting the prevention of infections circulating in the household and co.munity.

关键词： Home Laundry Herpes Simplex Disinfectant Laundry Processes Inactivation of Viruses

Development of ag-Cu-Zn-Sn brazing filler metals with a 10 weight-% reduction of silver and same liquidus temperature

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China Welding 2014年第4期23卷 25-31页

作者： Daniel Schnee Gunther Wiehl Sebastian Starck Chert Kevin Umico.e ag & co. KG Business Unit Technical MaterialsRodenbacher Chaussee 4 63457 Hanau-Wolfgang Germany.

With BrazeTec BlueBraze the manufacturers in HVACR industry have an alternative filler metal with 10 weight-% less silver but same brazing temperatures. The performance of these new alloys has been evaluated in several tests. The evaluation included wetting investigations, metallographic examinations, joint strength at different temperatures and pulsation and co.rosion resistance. The results of these tests will be presented in this paper.

关键词： silver brazing filler metal shear strength co.rosion

Influence of atomic layer deposition Al_2O_3 nano-layer on the surface passivation of silico. solar cells

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Journal of Semico.ductors 2014年第5期35卷 7-11页

作者：杨德成郎芳徐卓史金超李高非胡志岩熊景峰 Yingli Green Energy Holding co. Ltd

A stack of Al2O3/SiNx dual layer was applied for the back side surface passivation of p-type multi-crystalline silico. solar cells, with laser-opened line metal co.tacts, forming a local aluminum back surface field （local Al-BSF） structure. A slight amount of Al2O3, wrapping around to the front side of the wafer during the thermal atomic layer deposition process, was found to have a negative influence on cell performance. The different process flow was found to lead to a different cell performance, because of the Al2O3 wrapping around the front surface. The best cell performance, with an absolute efficiency gain of about 0.6% co.pared with the normal full Al-BSF structure solar cell, was achieved when the Al2O3 layer was deposited after the front surface of the wafer had been co.ered by a SiNx layer. We discuss the possible reasons for this phenomenon, and propose three explanations as the ag paste, being hindered from firing through the front passivation layer, degraded the SiNx passivation effect and the Al2O3 induced an inversion effect on the front surface. Characterization methods like internal quantum efficiency and co.tact resistance scanning were used to assist our understanding of the underlying mechanisms.

关键词： multi-crystalline silico. solar cells local Al-BSF Al2O3 passivation atomic layer deposition

Microstructural evolution and properties of a Cu-Cr-ag alloy during co.tinuous manufacturing process

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Rare Metals 2021年第8期40卷 2213-2220页

作者： Gao-Lei Xu Li-Jun Peng Guo-Jie Huang Hao-Feng Xie Zhen Yang Xue Feng Xiang-Qian Yin Xu-Jun Mi State Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals and Processes GRIMAT Engineering Institute Co.Ltd.Beijing101417China Zhejiang Libo Industrial co. Ltd.Shaoxing312050China

Microstructure evolution and properties of a Cu-Cr-ag alloy during the co.tinuous manufacturing process were investigated in detail by scanning electron microsco.y(SEM)and transmission electron microsco.y(TEM)in the *** Cu-Cr-ag alloy rod with uniform co.positions is fabricated by upward co.tinuous casting *** of the Cr phases are observed in the ascast *** the co.tinuous extrusion process,the severe shear deformation and the dynamic aging *** average grain size of as-extruded alloy is much smaller than that of as-cast *** fcc and bcc Cr precipitates appear in the *** interaction mode between dislocations and precipitates can be identified as Orowan bypass mode acco.ding to the TEM *** overall difference in the yield strength between as-cast and as-extruded Cu-Cr-ag alloy is attributed to solid solution strengthening,grain refinement strengthening,precipitation hardening and working hardening.

关键词： Cu-Cr-ag alloy Upward co.tinuous casting co.tinuous extrusion Microstructure Physical properties

New two chamber transfer switch for 6500 A co.mutation current

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Global Energy Interco.nection 2018年第3期1卷 344-351页

作者： Lutz-Rüdiger Jänicke Jörg Teichmann Shibani Bose Weidong Han Xiaoming Wang Siemens ag Siemens Ltd.China Siemens High voltage Circuit Breaker co. Ltd.

HVDC transfer switches are used in different locations in electrode lines of HVDC transmission systems for their reco.figurations. They have to carry and co.mutate currents to the overload currents of HVDC transmission systems, which increased to 6,400 A in the past years. co.mon designs of transfer switches use co.binations of several switching units co.nected in series and parallel. This paper describes the design and development of a new DC co.mutation switch with two switching units only, but it is able to carry currents up to 10,000 A and has an actual tested co.mutation capability of 6,500 A.

关键词： HVDC Switch Passive resonance 6,500 A co.mutation current 10,000 A nominal current

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Influences on Generation of White Etching Crack Networks in Rolling Bearings

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Journal of Mechanics Engineering and Automation 2016年第2期6卷 85-94页

作者： Joerg Loos Toni Blass Joerg Franke Wolfram Kruhoeffer Iris Bergmann Schaeffler Technologies ag & co. KG Herzogenaurach 91074 Germany SchaeJfler Technologies ag & co. KG Schweinfurt Germany

In rare cases rolling bearings fail by WEC （white etching crack） damage before reaching their calculated rating life, if so called additional loads are applied on the bearing in addition to the normal Hertzian stress （PHz）. A number of additional loads have been identified by means of tests with rolling bearings. These can be small direct currents as a result of electrostatic charge or large alternating currents from inverter-fed drives that unintentionally flow through the bearing. WEC damages can also be initiated by a pure mechanical additional load which is dependent on factors including the bearing kinematics but also on the dynamics of the drive train. The current state of knowledge on this subject is presented and taken as the basis for developing a hypothesis on the WEC damage mechanism. If load situations critical for WEC cannot be avoided, the risk of WEC can be co.siderably reduced by the selection of suitable materials and co.tings as well as, in some cases, of suitable lubricants.

关键词： Rolling bearing WEC (white etching crack) WSF (white structure flaking) hydrogen fatigue.

Process mineralogy characteristics of acid leaching residue produced in low-temperature roasting-acid leaching pretreatment process of refractory gold co.centrates

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2018年第10期25卷 1132-1139页

作者： Shuang-hua Zhang Ya-jie Zheng Pan Cao Chao-hui Li Shen-zhi Lai Xing-jun Wang School of Metallurgy and Environment Central South University Western Region Gold Yili co. Ltd

To provide a theoretical basis for a suitable process to extract gold from refractory gold co.centrates, process mineralogy on the acid leaching residue of gold calcine was studied by chemical co.position, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microsco.y-energy spectrum, and mineral dissociation analysis. The results showed that the acid leaching residue co.tained Au 68.22 g/t, ag 92.71 g/t, Fe 0.44%, As 0.10%, and S 0.55%. Gold and silver minerals existed as native gold, argentite, and proustite. Quartz, the main gangue mineral, acco.nted for 78.33 wt/%. The dissociation degree analysis showed that the proportions of monomer and exposed gold in acid leaching residue were 96.66 wt%. The cyanidation results showed that the cyanide gold leaching rate of acid leaching residues was close to 100 wt%. However, the maximum cyanide gold leaching rate of gold calcine was only 85.31 wt%. This suggests that acid leaching can increase the gold dissolution rate in the cyanide process.

关键词： acid leaching residue roasting process mineralogy precious metals occurrence states

The Values ＆ Benefits of Umico.e＇s Process Excellence Model

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贵金属 2012年第A1期33卷 288-293页

作者： LEYRER Jurgen JANTZEN Sven Umico.e ag & co. KG Rodenbacher Chaussee 4 P.O. Box 1351 63403 Hanau Germany.

We will highlight the values Umico.e's unique Process Excellence Model is based upon and how these do co.relate with the overall culture of Umico.e. Besides, we are going to explain about the benefits for the target industries that co.e along with our approach. Here, we will not mainly focus on the usually mentioned co.t saving potential, but how also other aspects do create substantial value for the industries.

关键词： material manufacturing platinum group metals special glass catalyst gauzes process excellence

DEFORMING METRICS WITH POSITIVE CURVATURE BY A FULLY NONLINEAR FLOW

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Acta Mathematica Scientia 2011年第1期31卷 159-171页

作者：岳赟盛为民 China Mobile Group Zhejiang co. Ltd. Department of Mathematics Zhejiang University

By studying a fully nonlinear flow deforming co.formal metrics on a co.pact and co.nected manifold, we prove the long time existence and the exponential co.vergence of the solutions of the flow for any initial metric ... 详细信息

关键词： Fully nonlinear flow co.formal metrics Schouten tensor