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Coupled conditional nonlinear optimal perturbations and their application to ENSO ensemble forecasts

Science China Earth sciences 2024年第3期67卷 826-842页

作者： Wansuo DUAN Lei HU Rong FENG LASG Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China University of Chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049China

Limitations are existed in current ensemble forecasting initial perturbation methods for describing the interactions among various spheres of the Earth system. In this study, a new method is proposed, namely, the coupled conditional nonlinear optimal perturbation(C-CNOP) method, which incorporates multisphere interactions much appropriately. The El Nino-Southern Oscillation(ENSO) is a typical ocean-atmosphere “coupling”(or “interaction”) phenomenon. The C-CNOP method is applied to ensemble forecasting of ENSO. It is demonstrated that the C-CNOP method can generate coupled initial perturbations(CPs) that appropriately consider initial ocean-atmosphere coupling uncertainty for ENSO ensemble forecasts. Results reveal that the CPs effectively improve the ability of ENSO ensemble-mean forecasts in both temporal variability of Nio3.4 sea surface temperature anomalies(SSTAs) and spatial variability of ENSO mature-phase SSTAs. Notably, despite the weakest ocean-atmosphere coupling strength in the tropical Pacific occurring during the boreal spring and summer, CPs still capture the uncertainties of this weak coupling when ENSO predictions are initialized at these seasons. This performance of CPs significantly suppresses the rapid increase of ENSO prediction errors due to the high ocean-atmosphere coupling instability during these seasons, and thus effectively extends the lead time of skillful ENSO forecasting. Hence, the C-CNOP method is a suitable initial perturbation approach for ENSO ensemble forecast that can describe initial ocean-atmosphere coupling uncertainty. It is expected that the CCNOP method plays a significant role in predictions of other high-impact climate phenomena, and even future Earth system predictions.

关键词： Ensemble forecast Multisphere interaction Initial perturbations ENSO

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Intuitive Human-Robot-Environment Interaction With EMG Signals:A Review

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第5期11卷 1075-1091页

作者： Dezhen Xiong Daohui Zhang Yaqi Chu Yiwen Zhao Xingang Zhao State Key Laboratory of Robotics Shenyang Institute of AutomationChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016 Institutes for Robotics and Intelligent Manufacturing Chinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110169 University of Chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049China

A long history has passed since electromyography(EMG)signals have been explored in human-centered robots for intuitive ***,it still has a gap between scientific research and real-life *** studies mainly focused on EMG decoding algorithms,leaving a dynamic relationship between the human,robot,and uncertain environment in real-life scenarios seldomly *** fill this gap,this paper presents a comprehensive review of EMG-based techniques in human-robot-environment interaction(HREI)*** general processing framework is summarized,and three interaction paradigms,including direct control,sensory feedback,and partial autonomous control,are ***-based intention decoding is treated as a module of the proposed *** key issues involving precision,stability,user attention,compliance,and environmental awareness in this field are *** important directions,including EMG decomposition,robust algorithms,HREI dataset,proprioception feedback,reinforcement learning,and embodied intelligence,are proposed to pave the way for future *** the best of what we know,this is the first time that a review of EMG-based methods in the HREI system is *** provides a novel and broader perspective to improve the practicability of current myoelectric interaction systems,in which factors in human-robot interaction,robot-environment interaction,and state perception by human sensations are considered,which has never been done by previous studies.

关键词： robot summarized Robot

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Dynamic simulation analysis of molten salt reactor-coupled air-steam combined cycle power generation system

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第2期35卷 222-233页

作者： Jing-Lei Huang Guo-Bin Jia Li-Feng Han Wen-Qian Liu Li Huang Zheng-Han Yang Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China University of Chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049China

A nonlinear dynamic simulation model based on coordinated control of speed and flow rate for the molten salt reactor and combined cycle systems is proposed here to ensure the coordination and stability between the molten salt reactor and power *** model considers the impact of thermal properties of fluid variation on accuracy and has been validated with *** study reveals the capability of the control system to compensate for anomalous situations and maintain shaft stability in the event of perturbations occurring in high-temperature molten salt tank outlet ***,the control system’s impact on the system’s dynamic characteristics under molten salt disturbance is also *** results reveal that after the disturbance occurs,the controlled system benefits from the action of the control,and the overshoot and disturbance amplitude are positively correlated,while the system power and frequency eventually return to the initial *** simulation model provides a basis for utilizing molten salt reactors for power generation and maintaining grid stability.

关键词： Molten salt reactor Combined cycle Dynamic characteristic Control

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Equilibrium Strategy of the Pursuit-Evasion Game in Three-Dimensional Space

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第2期11卷 446-458页

作者： Nuo Chen Linjing Li Wenji Mao School of Artificial Intelligence University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049 Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

The pursuit-evasion game models the strategic interaction among players, attracting attention in many realistic scenarios, such as missile guidance, unmanned aerial vehicles, and target defense. Existing studies mainly concentrate on the cooperative pursuit of multiple players in two-dimensional pursuit-evasion games. However, these approaches can hardly be applied to practical situations where players usually move in three-dimensional space with a three-degree-of-freedom control. In this paper,we make the first attempt to investigate the equilibrium strategy of the realistic pursuit-evasion game, in which the pursuer follows a three-degree-of-freedom control, and the evader moves freely. First, we describe the pursuer's three-degree-of-freedom control and the evader's relative coordinate. We then rigorously derive the equilibrium strategy by solving the retrogressive path equation according to the Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman-Isaacs(HJBI) method, which divides the pursuit-evasion process into the navigation and acceleration phases. Besides, we analyze the maximum allowable speed for the pursuer to capture the evader successfully and provide the strategy with which the evader can escape when the pursuer's speed exceeds the threshold. We further conduct comparison tests with various unilateral deviations to verify that the proposed strategy forms a Nash equilibrium.

关键词： Differential game equilibrium strategy pursuit-evasion game threedegree-of-freedom control

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Observation of parabolic electron bands on superconductor LaRu2As2

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第7期33卷 70-75页

作者：周兴泰李更潘禄禄陈子超李萌时延昊杨海涛高鸿钧 Beijing National Center for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Physical sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Hefei National Laboratory

Ru-based superconductor LaRu2As2has been discovered exhibiting the highest critical temperature of ～ 7.8 K among iron-free transition metal pnictides with the ThCr2Si2-type crystal structure. However, microscopic research on this novel superconducting material is still lacking. Here, we utilize scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy to uncover the superconductivity and surface structure of LaRu2As2. Two distinct terminating surfaces are identified on the cleaved crystals, namely, the As surface and the La surface. Atomic missing line defects are observed on the La surface. Both surfaces exhibit a superconducting gap of ～ 1.0 me V. By employing quasiparticle interference techniques, we observe standing wave patterns near the line defects on the La atomic plane. These patterns are attributed to quasiparticle scattering from two electron type parabolic bands.

关键词： superconductivity line defect quasi-particle scattering electron band

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Synthesis methods and powder quality of titanium monocarbide

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第8期72卷 10-18页

作者： Maoqiao Xiang Wenjun Ding Qinghua Dong Qingshan Zhu State Key Laboratory of Mesoscience and Engineering Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Chemical Engineering University of the Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Innovation academy for Green Manufacture Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

Titanium monocarbide(TiC),which is the most stable titanium-based carbide,has attracted considerable interest in the fields of energy,catalysis,and structural materials due to its excellent *** of high-quality TiC powders with low cost and high efficiency is crucial for industrial applications;however major challenges face its ***,the methods for synthesizing TiC powders based on a reaction system are *** analysis is focused on the underlying mechanisms by which synthesis methods affect the quality of ***,strategies for improving the synthesis of highquality powders are analyzed from the perspective of enhancing heat and mass transfer ***,the critical issues,challenges,and development trends of the synthesis technology and application of high-quality TiC powder are discussed.

关键词： Titanium carbide Synthesis methods Reaction engineering Reaction kinetics Powder technology

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TULAM:trajectory-user linking via attention mechanism

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Science China(Information sciences) 2024年第1期67卷 51-68页

作者： Hao LI Shuyu CAO Yaqing CHEN Min ZHANG Dengguo FENG Trusted Computing and Information Assurance Laboratory Institute of SoftwareChinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese academy of sciences

Recently,the application of location-based services(LBS) has become a prevalent means to provide convenience in customers’ everyday ***,because massive volumes of location information are collected by LBS applications,users may suffer from serious privacy *** studies have shown that the identities of users can be inferred from historical anonymous trajectories,which is formulated as the trajectory-user linking(TUL) *** some recurrent neural network(RNN)-based models have been proposed to capture implicit movement patterns among trajectories to improve TUL performance,they cannot learn the sequential and contextual semantics within any individual trajectory completely,leaving the advantages of RNNs *** therefore propose an RNN model with an attention mechanism called TULAM to improve the accuracy of the TUL *** learns sequential relationships within individual trajectories via RNN and captures contextual semantics from trajectories via a multi-head attention ***,we propose a novel location encoding method called approximate one-hot to solve the corpus shortage problem of trajectory *** were conducted on real datasets from the Gowalla and Foursquare LBS *** experimental results indicate that TULAM is a practical solution that achieves significant improvements over existing methods with satisfactory model complexity and convergence.

关键词： information security data security and privacy trajectory-user linking deep learning recurrent neural network attention mechanism

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Identification of candidate genes for early-maturity traits by combining BSA-seq and QTL mapping in upland cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L.)

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第10期23卷 3472-3486页

作者： Liang Ma Tingli Hu Meng Kang Xiaokang Fu Pengyun Chen Fei Wei Hongliang Jian Xiaoyan Lü Meng Zhang Yonglin Yang State Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization/Institute of Cotton Research Chinese Academy ofAgricultural SciencesAnyang 455000China School of Agriculture Henan Institute of Science and TechnologyXinxiang 453003China Shihezi academy of Agricultural sciences Shihezi 832099China

Cotton breeding for the development of early-maturing varieties is an effective way to improve multiple cropping indexes and alleviate the conflict between grains and cotton in the cultivated fields in *** the present study,we aimed to identify upland cotton quantitative trait loci(QTLs)and candidate genes related to early-maturity traits,including whole growth period(WGP),flowering timing(FT),node of the first fruiting branch(NFFB),height of the node of the first fruiting branch(HNFFB),and plant height(PH).An early-maturing variety,CCRI50,and a latematuring variety,Guoxinmian 11,were crossed to obtain biparental *** populations were used to map QTLs for the early-maturity traits for two years(2020 and 2021).With BSA-seq analysis based on the data of population 2020,the candidate regions related to early maturity were found to be located on chromosome *** then developed 22 polymorphic insertions or deletions(InDel)markers to further narrow down the candidate regions,resulting in the detection of five and four QTLs in the 2020 and 2021 populations,*** to the results of QTL mapping,two candidate regions(InDel_G286-InDel_G144 and InDel_G24-InDel_G43)were *** these regions,three genes(GH_D03G0451,GH_D03G0649,and GH_D03G1180)have nonsynonymous mutations in their exons and one gene(GH_D03G0450)has SNP variations in the upstream sequence between CCRI50 and Guoxinmian *** four genes also showed dominant expression in the floral *** expression levels of GH_D03G0451,GH_D03G0649 and GH_D03G1180 were significantly higher in CCRI50 than in Guoxinmian 11 during the bud differentiation stages,while GH_D03G0450 showed the opposite *** functional verification of GH_D03G0451 indicated that the GH_D03G0451-silenced plants showed a delay in the flowering *** results suggest that these are the candidate genes for cotton early maturity,and they may be used for breeding early-maturity cotton varieties.

关键词： cotton genomics early-maturity traits BSA-seq QTL mapping molecular breeding

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Comparative Study on Different Methods for Prediction of Thermal Insulation Performance of Thermal Barrier Coating Used on Turbine Blades

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第1期33卷 172-189页

作者： ZHANG Zhixin ZENG Wu ZHANG Xiaodong ZENG Yuntao Advanced Gas Turbine Laboratory Institute of Engineering ThermophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy and Power Institute of Engineering ThermophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Innovation academy for Light-duty Gas Turbine Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China University of Chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049China

As turbine inlet temperature gets higher and higher,thermal barrier coating(TBC) is more and more widely used in turbine *** turbine blades with TBC,it is of great significance to evaluate the temperature distribution of its substrate metal quickly and accurately,especially during the design *** different degrees of simplification such as whether to consider the change of the geometric size of the fluid domain by TBC and whether to consider the planar heat conduction in TBC,three different methods used in conjugate heat transfer(CHT) simulation to model the TBC of the turbine blades have been developed and widely used by ***,little research has been conducted to investigate the influence of the three methods on the temperature distribution of turbine *** fill this gap,three geometric models were *** are a solid conduction model with a substrate metal layer and a TBC layer,a transonic turbine vane with internal cooling and TBC,and a plate cylindrical film hole cooling model with *** methods were used in these geometric models and their differences were carefully analyzed and *** result shows that for the conduction model used in this paper,with the same TBC surface temperature distribution,the difference between the three methods is very small and can be *** a transonic turbine vane with internal cooling,regarding the local maximum temperature of the substrate-TBC interface,the largest difference between the method in which TBC is considered as a thermal resistance or a virtual layer of cells and the method in which three-dimensional heat conduction equation of TBC is solved occurs at the trailing *** difference near the leading edge is below *** employed to the film cooling model,the difference of the laterally averaged temperature of the substrate-TBC interface can be 8 K which is mainly due to the change of the length to diameter ratio of the film cooling hole by *** the substrate

关键词： turbine blade thermal barrier coating conjugate heat transfer film cooling hole

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Diversity and ecological assembly process of aerobic anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria in a low irradiation area,Three Gorges Reservoir

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2024年第9期143卷 116-125页

作者： Lixin Huo Anran Ma Hong Liu Xingzu Wang Cheng Song Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesChongqing 400714China Chongqing School University of Chinese Academy of SciencesCollege of Resources and EnvironmentChongqing 400714China Key Laboratory of Reservoir Aquatic Environment Chinese Academy of SciencesChongqing 400714China University of Chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049China

Aerobic anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria(AAPB)are significant bacterial groups in aquatic ecosystems,known for their rapid growth and photoheterotrophic ***,the distribution and ecological assembly process of AAPB in low irradiation freshwater basins remain unclear,warranting further *** this study,we present the diversity,abundance,spatial variations,ecological process,and community interaction of AAPB in sediment of Three Gorges Reservoir(TGR)under low *** findings demonstrate the dominant genera of AAPB community that exist in the TGR area also are appeared in different waters,with some regional ***,the concentration of pufM gene,an indicator for AAPB,maintains a consistently high numerical level ranging from(2.21±0.44)×10^(4)to(9.98±0.30)×10^(7)gene copies/*** solar irradiation is suggested as the major factor affecting AAPB,it remains unclear whether and how AAPB differ between regions due to varying solar irradiation *** results show spatial differences between total bacteria and AAPB communities,with significant differences observed only in *** and environmental factor contributed less than 10%to the spatial difference of community,with sediment type and environmental factors being the key factors influencing microbial community *** stochastic process plays a dominant role in the aggregation and replacement of AAPB communities,among which the most contribution is dispersal *** AAPB network,Yoonia and Gemmobacter are the hubs for *** results valuable insights into the AAPB communities in TGR with low irradiation.

关键词： Three Gorges Reservoir(TGR) Aerobic anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria(AAPB) Bacterial community Null model Community assembly

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