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Trait variation in response to resource availability and plant diversity modulates functional dissimilarity among species in experimental grasslands

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2017年第6期10卷 981-993页

作者： Alrun Siebenkäs Jens Schumacher Christiane Roscher UFZ Helmholtz Centre for Environmental ResearchCommunity EcologyTheodor-Lieser-Straße 4Halle 06120Germany institute of Mathematics StochasticsFriedrich Schiller University JenaErnst-Abbe-Platz 2Jena 07743Germany UFZ Helmholtz Centre for Environmental ResearchPhysiological DiversityPermoserstrasse 15Leipzig 04318Germany German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research(iDiv)Halle-jena-Leipzig Deutscher Platz 5eLeipzig 04103Germany

Aims Functional trait differences among species are thought to be a pre-requisite for niche *** traits are known to vary plastically in response to environmental conditions and different plant ***,it is not clear to which extent the direc-tion and magnitude of trait variation differ among species repre-senting different growth forms or varying dominance in different environments and how this trait variation affects community-level trait *** In a field experiment,we studied shoot and leaf traits of eight peren-nial grassland species assigned to two functional groups(grasses ***)and varying in growth stature(small ***)in monocultures,two-and four-species mixtures that were exposed to two levels of light(shaded *** light)and nutrient availability(fertilized ***-fertilized)to address this gap of *** Findings Fertilization increased leaf greenness and specific leaf area(SLA)as well as tissue nitrogen *** shading,changes in morphological and physiological light-acquisition traits as well as increased nitrogen and decreased carbon concentrations in plant tissue indicated larger efforts to acquire light and carbon limita-tion of plant *** changes in light-acquisition traits as observed under shading and decreasing shoot biomass also revealed an accelerated carbon limitation at higher species rich-ness(SR)irrespective of the external manipulation of light and nutrient ***,the direction of trait variation in response to resource availability(shade,fertilization)and SR did not differ between functional groups or growth *** magnitude of variation in several traits at different resource availability,however,was larger in grasses than in forbs as well as in small-statured than in tall-statured *** general,dominant species in terms of above-ground biomass production had taller shoots with higher carbon and lower nitrogen concentrations and alloc

关键词： biodiversity functional groups functional traits growth stature trait dissimilarity

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Involvement of CYP347W1 in neurotoxin 3-nitropropionic acid-based chemical defense in mustard leaf beetle Phaedon cochleariae

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Insect Science 2022年第2期29卷 453-466页

作者： Nanxia Fu Tobias Becker Wolfgang Brandt Maritta Kunert Antje Burse Wilhelm Boland Department of Bioorganic Chemistry Max Planck Institute for Chemical EcologyJenaGermany Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resource Utilization Tea Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesHangzhouChina Department of Bioorganic Chemistry Leibniz Institute of Plant BiochemistryHalle(Saale)Germany Department of Natural Product Biosynthesis Max Planck Institute for Chemical EcologyJenaGermany Department of Medical Technology and Biotechnology Ernst Abbe Hochschule JenaJenaGermany

Chrysomelina beetlesstore 3-nitropropionic acid in form of a pretoxin,isoxazolin-5-one glucoside-conjugated ester,to protect themselves against *** we identified a cytochrome P450 monooxygenase,CYP347W1,to be involved in the production of the 3-nitropropionic acid moiety of the isoxazolin-5-one glucoside *** down CYP347W1 led to a significant depletion in the concentration of the isoxazolin-5-one glucoside ester and an increase in the concentration of the isoxazolin-5-one glucoside in the larval *** assays with the heterologously expressed CYP347W1 showed freeβ-alanine was not the direct *** modeling indicated thatβ-alanine-CoA ester can fit into CYP347W1’s active ***,we proved that Phaedon cochleariae eggs are not able to de novo synthesize 3-NPA,although both isoxazolin-5-one glucoside and its 3-NPA-conjugated ester are present in the *** results provide direct evidence for the involvement of CYP347W1 in the biosynthesis of a *** chemical defense compound.

关键词： chemical defense isoxazolin-5-one glucoside isoxazolin-5-one glucoside ester leaf beetles P450 3-nitropropionic acid(3-NPA)

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Pointwise multipliers for Besov spaces of dominating mixed smoothness-Ⅱ

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Science China Mathematics 2017年第11期60卷 2241-2262页

作者： NGUYEN Van Kien SICKEL Winfried institute of Mathematics Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena Department of Mathematics University of Transport and Communications

We continue our investigations on pointwise multipliers for Besov spaces of dominating mixed smoothness. This time we study the algebra property of the classes S_(p,q)~rB(R^d) with respect to pointwise multiplication.... 详细信息

关键词： pointwise multipliers algebras with respect to pointwise multiplication Besov spaces of dominating mixed smoothness characterization by differences localization property

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Some Specific Unboundedness Property in Smoothness Morrey Spaces. The Non-existence of Growth Envelopes in the Subcritical Case

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2016年第2期32卷 137-152页

作者： Dorothee D.HAROSKE Susana D.MOURA institute of Mathematics Priedrich-Schiller-University Jena CMUC Department of MathematicsUniversity of Coimbra

Abstract We study smoothness spaces of Morrey type on Rn and characterise in detail those situa s,r n s n tions when such spaces of type Ap,q^s,r（Rn ） or A u^sp,q（R ） are not embedded into L∞（R^n）. We can show that in the so-called sub-critical, proper Morrey case their growth envelope function is always infinite which is a much stronger assertion. The same applies for the Morrey spaces Mu,p（Rn） with p 〈 u. This is the first result in this direction and essentially contributes to a better understanding of the structure of the above spaces.

关键词： Besov-type space Morrey space Besov-Morrey space Triebel-Lizorkin-Morrey space,growth envelope atomic decomposition

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Yb-doped large-pitch fibres: effective single-mode operation based on higher-order mode delocalisation

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Light(Science & Applications) 2012年第1期1卷 118-122页

作者： Jens Limpert Fabian Stutzki Florian Jansen Hans-Jurgen Otto Tino Eidam Cesar Jauregui Andreas Tunnermann institute of Applied Physics Abbe Center of PhotonicsFriedrich-Schiller-Universitat Jena07745 JenaGermany helmholtz institute jena 07743 JenaGermany Fraunhofer institute for Applied Optics and Precision Engineering 07745 JenaGermany

Rare earth-doped fibres are a diode-pumped,solid-state laser architecture that is highly scalable in average *** performance of pulsed fibre laser systems is restricted due to nonlinear ***,fibre designs that allow for very large mode areas at high average powers with diffraction-limited beam quality are of enormous ***-doped,rod-type,large-pitch fibres(LPF)enable extreme fibre dimensions,i.e.,effective single-mode fibres with mode sizes exceeding 100 times the wavelength of the guided radiation,by exploiting the novel concept of delocalisation of higher-order transverse *** non-resonant nature of the operating principle makes LPF suitable for high power *** design allows for an unparalleled level of performance in pulsed fibre lasers.

关键词： higher-order mode delocalisation high-power fibre lasers and amplifiers photonic-crystal fibre very large mode area

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Enhancing precision in fs-laser material processing by simultaneous spatial and temporal focusing

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Light(Science & Applications) 2014年第1期3卷 223-230页

作者： Robert Kammel Roland Ackermann Jens Thomas Jorg Gotte Stefan Skupin Andreas Tunnermann Stefan Nolte institute of Applied Physics Abbe Center of PhotonicsFriedrich-Schiller-Universitat Jena07743 JenaGermany Department of Physics Colorado School of MinesGoldenCO 80401USA Max Planck institute for the Physics of Complex Systems 01187 DresdenGermany institute of Condensed Matter Theory and Solid State Optics Abbe Center of PhotonicsFriedrich-Schiller-Universitat Jena07743 JenaGermany Universitede Bordeaux–CNRS–CEA Centre Lasers Intenses et ApplicationsUMR 510733405 TalenceFrance Fraunhofer institute for Applied Optics and Precision Engineering 07745 JenaGermany

In recent years,femtosecond(fs)-lasers have evolved into a versatile tool for high precision micromachining of transparent materials because nonlinear absorption in the focus can result in refractive index modifications or material ***,when high pulse energies or low numerical apertures are required,nonlinear side effects such as self-focusing,filamentation or white light generation can decrease the modification *** this paper,we apply simultaneous spatial and temporal focusing(SSTF)to overcome these *** main advantage of SSTF is that the ultrashort pulse is only formed at the focal plane,thereby confining the intensity distribution strongly to the focal volume and suppressing detrimental nonlinear side ***,we investigate the optical breakdown within a water cell by pump-probe shadowgraphy,comparing conventional focusing and SSTF under equivalent focusing *** plasma formation is well confined for low pulse energies,2 mJ,but higher pulse energies lead to the filamentation and break-up of the disruptions for conventional focusing,thereby decreasing the modification *** contrast,plasma induced by SSTF stays well confined to the focal plane,even for high pulse energies up to 8 mJ,preventing extended filaments,side branches or break-up of the ***,while conventional focusing leads to broadband supercontinuum generation,only marginal spectral broadening is observed using *** experimental findings are in excellent agreement with numerical simulations of the nonlinear pulse propagation and interaction ***,SSTF appears to be a powerful tool to control the processing of transparent materials,e.g.,for precise ophthalmic fs-surgery.

关键词： filamentation fs-laser surgery laser-induced optical breakdown materials processing plasma shadowgraphy

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Nonlinear ionization dynamics of hot dense plasma observed in a laser-plasma amplifier

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Light(Science & Applications) 2020年第1期9卷 196-203页

作者： F.Tuitje P.Martinez Gil T.Helk J.Gautier F.Tissandier J.-P.Goddet A.Guggenmos U.Kleineberg S.Sebban E.Oliva C.Spielmann M.Zurch institute for Optics and Quantum Electronics Abbe Center of PhotonicsUniversity of JenaJenaGermany helmholtz institute jena JenaGermany Departamento de Ingenieria Energetica and Instituto de Fusion Nuclear“Guillermo Velarde” ETSI IndustrialesUniversidad Politecnica de MadridMadridSpain Laboratoire d’Optique Appliquee ENSTA ParisEcole PolytechniqueCNRSInstitut Polytechnique de ParisPalaiseauFrance Department for Physics Ludwig-Maximilian-University MunichGarchingGermany Ultra Fast Innovations GmbH GarchingGermany Fritz Haber institute of the Max Planck Society BerlinGermany Department of Chemistry University of California at BerkeleyBerkeleyCAUSA Materials Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCAUSA

Understanding the behaviour of matter under conditions of extreme temperature,pressure,density and electromagnetic fields has profound effects on our understanding of cosmologic objects and the formation of the *** direct access to such objects,our interpretation of observed data mainly relies on theoretical ***,such models,which need to encompass nuclear physics,atomic physics and plasma physics over a huge dynamic range in the dimensions of energy and time,can only provide reliable information if we can benchmark them to experiments under well-defined laboratory *** to the plethora of effects occurring in this kind of highly excited matter,characterizing isolated dynamics or obtaining direct insight remains ***-density plasmas are turbulent and opaque for radiation below the plasma frequency and allow only near-surface insight into ionization processes with visible ***,the output of a high-harmonic seeded laser-plasma amplifier using eightfold ionized krypton as the gain medium operating at a 32.8 nm wavelength is ptychographically imaged.A complexvalued wavefront is observed in the extreme ultraviolet(XUV)beam with high *** initio spatio-temporal Maxwell–Bloch simulations show excellent agreement with the experimental observations,revealing overionization of krypton in the plasma channel due to nonlinear laser-plasma interactions,successfully validating this four-dimensional multiscale *** constitutes the first experimental observation of the laser ion abundance reshaping a laserplasma *** presented approach shows the possibility of directly modelling light-plasma interactions in extreme conditions,such as those present during the early times of the universe,with direct experimental verification.

关键词： extreme ionization dynamics

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Multiple Functions of Nuclear DNA Helicase Ⅱ (RNA Helicase A) in Nucleic Acid Metabolism

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Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica 2004年第3期36卷 177-183页

作者： Frank GROSSE Department of Biochemistry institute of Molecular Biotechnology POB 100 813 D-07708 jena Germany

Nuclear DNA helicase II (NDH II), or RNA helicase A (RHA), was initially discovered in mammals by conventional protein purification methods. Molecular cloning identified apparent sequence ho- mologies between NDH II and a Drosophila protein named maleless (MLE), the latter being essential for the Drosophila X-chromosome dosage compensation. Increasing amounts of evidence suggest that NDH II is involved in multiple aspects of cellular and viral DNA and RNA metabolism. Moreover the functions of NDH II may have potential clinical implications related to viral infection, autoimmune diseases, or even tumorigenesis.

关键词： DNA and RNA helicase maleless (MLE) X-chromosome dosage compensation dsRBD RGG-box transcription RNA processing RNA transport actin nucleolus SLE (systemic lupus erythematosus) virus

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Impact of seed amplification assay and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy combined approach on the clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2023年第1期12卷 416-427页

作者： Cristiano D’Andrea Federico Angelo Cazzaniga Edoardo Bistaffa Andrea Barucci Marella de Angelis Martina Banchelli Edoardo Farnesi Panagis Polykretis Chiara Marzi Antonio Indaco Pietro Tiraboschi Giorgio Giaccone Paolo Matteini Fabio Moda institute of Applied Physics“Nello Carrara” National Research Council50019 Sesto FiorentinoItaly Division of Neurology 5 and Neuropathology Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta20133 MilanItaly institute of Physical Chemistry(IPC)and Abbe Center of Photonics(ACP) Friedrich Schiller University Jena07743 JenaGermany Leibniz institute of Photonic Technology 07745 JenaGermany

Background The current diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is based on a series of analyses which involve clinical,instrumental and laboratory ***,signs,symptoms and biomarker alterations observed in AD might overlap with other dementias,resulting in *** Here we describe a new diagnostic approach for AD which takes advantage of the boosted sensitivity in biomolecular detection,as allowed by seed amplification assay(SAA),combined with the unique specificity in biomolecular recognition,as provided by surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy(SERS).Results The SAA-SERS approach supported by machine learning data analysis allowed efficient identification of pathological Aβoligomers in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with a clinical diagnosis of AD or mild cognitive impairment due to *** Such analytical approach can be used to recognize disease features,thus allowing early stratification and selection of patients,which is fundamental in clinical treatments and pharmacological trials.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease Amyloid-βprotein Seed amplification assay Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy

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The Heme-Binding Protein SOUL3 of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Influences Size and Position of the Eyespot

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Molecular Plant 2013年第3期6卷 931-944页

作者： Thomas Schulze Sandra Schreiber Dobromir Iliev Jens Boesger Jessica Trippens Georg Kreimer Maria Mittag institute of General Botany and Plant Physiology Friedrich Schiller University Jena 07743 Jena Germany Department of Biology Cell Biology Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen 91058 Erlangen Germany

The flagellated green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii has a primitive visual system, the eyespot. It is situated at the cells equator and allows the cell to phototax. In a previous proteomic analysis of the eyespot, the SOUL3 protein was identified among 202 proteins. Here, we investigate the properties and functions of SOUL3. Heterologously expressed SOUL3 is able to bind specifically to hemin. In C. reinhardtii, SOUL3 is expressed at a constant level over the diurnal cycle, but forms protein complexes that differ in size during day and night phases. SOUL3 is primarily localized in the eyespot and it is situated in the pigment globule layer thereof. This is in contrast to the channelrhodopsin photoreceptors, which are localized in the plasma membrane region of the eyespot. Knockdown lines with a significantly reduced SOUL3 level are characterized by mislocalized eyespots, a decreased eyespot size, and alterations in phototactic behavior. Mislocalizations were either anterior or posterior and did not affect association with acetylated microtubules of the daughter four-membered rootlet. Our data suggest that SOUL3 is involved in the organization and placement of the eyespot within the cell.

关键词： Chlamydomonas reinhardtii eyespot heme-binding protein SOUL3.

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