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Experimental investigation of different brines imbibition influences on co-and counter-current oil flows in carbonate reservoirs

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2021年第5期34卷 17-29页

作者： Pouyan Ahmadi Mohammad Reza Aghajanzadeh Masoud Riazi Mohammad Reza Malayeri Mohammad Sharifi Enhanced Oil Recovery(EOR)research centre IOR/EOR Research InstituteShiraz UniversityShirazIran helmholtz centre for environmental research-UFZ LeipzigGermany Department of Petroleum Engineering Amirkabir University of TechnologyTehranIran Institut für Verfahrenstechnik und Umwelttechnik Technische Universität DresdenGermany

Imbibition of water,as wetting phase in oil-wet fractured carbonate reservoirs,plays a key role in fluid flow between matrix and fracture *** type of injected seawater and its chemistry would profoundly influence the imbibition *** this study,the impact of smart water(a brine that its ions have been adjusted to facilitate oil recovery)and low salinity water on co-and counter-current imbibition processes for oil-wet carbonate cores has been experimentally *** results show an increase of about 10% in oil recovery for co-and counter-currents for smart seawater imbibition compared to that of low salinity *** addition,as a result of the influence of co-and counter-current on each other,by co-current removal from one core face,the countercurrent in the other face would be intensified by as much as about 75%.A close examination of different lengths(5,7 and 9 cm)of carbonate cores with the same permeability revealed that by decreasing porous medium length,the amount of counter-current producing oil would be decreased so that in the 5 cm core,counter current oil production will not *** similar core lengths by increasing permeability,the share of counter current flow would be decreased approximately 18% since the capillary pressure could not overcome non-wetting phase viscous *** the role of matrix length along with a modified brine(which is designed according to the matrix mixture)strengthen the relevant mechanisms to have more oil production so that the higher thickness of matrix causes the higher amount of co-current oil producing and consequently more total recovery.

关键词： Smart water Co-current Counter current Wettability alteration Oil recovery

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Variability of Summer Monsoon Rainfall in India on Inter-Annual and Decadal Time Scales

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2013年第5期6卷 398-403页

作者： Porathur Vareed JOSEPH Bindu GOKULAPALAN Archana NAIR Shinu Sheela WILSON Nansen environmental research centre India

Indian Summer Monsoon Rainfall （ISMR） exhibits a prominent inter-annual variability known as troposphere biennial oscillation.A season of deficient June to September monsoon rainfall in India is followed by warm sea surface temperature （SST） anomalies over the tropical Indian Ocean and cold SST anomalies over the westem Pacific *** anomalies persist until the following monsoon,which yields normal or excessive *** rainfall in India has shown decadal variability in the form of 30 year epochs of alternately occurring frequent and infrequent drought monsoons since 1841,when rainfall measurements began in *** oscillations of monsoon rainfall and the well known decadal oscillations in SSTs of the Atlantic and Pacific oceans have the same period of approximately 60 years and nearly the same temporal *** both of these variabilities,anomalies in monsoon heat source,such as deep convection,and middle latitude westerlies of the upper troposphere over south Asia have prominent roles.

关键词： Indian monsoon rainfall variability middle latitude westerly winds Asia Pacific wave global SST gradient

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Mechanisms behind elevated serum levels of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 in frontotemporal lobar degeneration

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Neural Regeneration research 2025年第8期20卷 2317-2318页

作者： Francesco Angelucci Jakub Hort Memory Clinic Department of NeurologySecond Faculty of MedicineCharles University and Motol University HospitalPragueCzech Republic International Clinical research centre St.Anne’s University HospitalBrnoCzech Republic

Frontotemporal lobar degeneration(FTLD)is a form of progressive dementia characterized by degeneration of the frontal and temporal lobes of the *** pathology involves a series of cognitive,behavioral,and neurological ... 详细信息

关键词： degeneration elevated pathology

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Inhibition of Carcinogen-induced Activity of γ-Glutamyl Transpeptidase by Certain Dietary Constituents in Mouse Skin

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Biomedical and environmental Sciences 1999年第1期12卷 110-115页

作者： YOGESHWER SHUKLA ALKA SINGH AND BHAWNA SRIVASTAVA(environmental Carcinogenesis Division, Industrial Toxicology research centre,P. O. Box 80, M. C. Marg, Lucknow-226 001, India) environmental Carcinogenesis Division Industrial Toxicology Research Centre Lucknow India

Cancer chemoprevention, a desirable and important facet of biomedical research, Provides a practical approach to identify potentially useful inhibitors of cancer development, and offers an opportunity to study the mechanism of carcinogenesis. During the recent past a nuInber of compounds have been tested for their anticarcinogenic potential specially constituents of human diet. The enzyme y-glutamyl transpeptidase (CGT), which catalyses the transfer of glutamyl gnups of peptides to other peptides and amino acids, has been proposed as a marker of cell proliferation and neoplasia. It also serves as a tool to evaluate the carcinogenic and cocareinogenic poential of environmental toxicants. In the present investigations, GGT activity induced by carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, viz. 7, 12-dimethyl-benz(a) anthracene (DMBA) and benzo(a)Pyrene (BaP was significantly inhibited by diallylsulfide (DAS) and indole-3-carbinol (13C) in mouse skin. DAS and 13C are Constituents of garlic. A significant inhibition in GGT levels was also observed in a strong mitogen (12-o-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acelate) induced activity by pretreatment of DAS/13C in mouse skin. Therefore these dielary constituents seem to be strong modifiers of chemically induced carcinogenesis.

关键词： Allyl Compounds Animals Anticarcinogenic Agents Carcinogens Cell Transformation Neoplastic Diet Female Garlic Hydrocarbons Aromatic Indoles Mice Plants Medicinal Sulfides gamma-Glutamyltransferase

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The influence of terrain age and altitude on the arthropod communities found on recently deglaciated terrain

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Current Zoology 2014年第2期60卷 203-220页

作者： Markus FRANZEN Petra DIEKER UFZ Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research Department of Community Ecology Theodor-Lieser-Strasse 4 D-06120Halle (Saale) Germany centre for Methods Leuphana University Lfineburg Scharnhorststrage 1 D-21335 Liineburg Germany

Climate warming has been more pronounced in the Arctic than elsewhere, resulting in a recent rapid glacial retreat. Over 85% of the Almajallojekna glacier has disappeared over the last 115 years and it is one of the fastest retreating glaciers in Sweden. In 2011 and 2012, at 18 sites in the vicinity of the remaining glacier network, we sampled arthropods and related the species richness, abundance and proportion of herbivores to altitude （ranging from 824 to 1,524 m.a.s.1.） and the age of the site （ranging from 0 to 〉 115 years）. Temperature was measured at six sites and the average annual air temperature ranged from -3.7℃ to 1.1℃. In total, we recorded 3,705 arthropods from 117 species in nine different taxonomic groups. The most abundant and species-rich group was Coleoptera （1,381 individuals, 41 species） followed by Araneae （1,050 individuals, 15 species） and Macrolepidoptera （732 individuals, 17 species）. Only at lower altitudes did the abundance and species richness of arthropods increase with increasing age of the site. The results were consistent among the studied taxonomic groups and when controlling for sam- piing intensity using two different approaches. The proportion of herbivores decreased with increasing age of the site and with increasing altitude. Clearly, altitude appears more important than the age of the site and, at higher altitudes, abundance, species richness and herbivory are low [Current Zoology 60 （2）： 203-220, 2014].

关键词： Climate change Glacier foreland Emerging communities Insects and arachnids Subarctic environment Speciesrichness

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Polybrominated diphenyl ether levels in wild and farmed Chilean salmon and preliminary flow data for commercial transport

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2012年第2期24卷 221-227页

作者： Monica Montory Evelyn Habit Pilar Fernandez Joan O.Grimalt Ricardo Barra Aquatic Systems research Unit EULA-Chile Environmental Sciences CentreUniversity of Concepción Center for Ecosystems research in Patagonia(CIEP) Institute for environmental Assessment and Water research(IDAEA)

This pilot study documented the occurrence and levels of brominated flame retardants in the tissues of farmed and wild salmon in southern *** of Coho salmon and rainbow trout were obtained from fish farms,rivers and lakes in the Patagonia in Aysen Region,*** samples were analyzed by Gas Chromatography Negative Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometry for the different polybrominated diphenyl ether（PBDE） *** were observed in all the samples,and the congeners BDE 17,28,47 and 66 were observed in all both farmed and wild *** concentrations were higher in the farmed Coho salmon,presenting significant differences with wild *** levels reached 182 pg/g wet weight（ww） vs.120 *** the case of the rainbow trout,the concentrations were lower,although the congener profile was quite *** levels reached an average of 100 pg/g ww in the farmed fish versus 110 pg/g ww in wild fish,and no significant difference was observed between the *** both species,the congener with the highest concentration was BDE *** on this information,the BDE ？ow was estimated for commerce,which is a form of pollutant transport not usually considered in POP pollution studies.A preliminary estimation indicated that the quantity of PBDEs mobilized by commerce was in the order of kg,and in the case of Chile might reach almost 1 kg.

关键词： Polybrominated diphenyl ethers farmed Salmon Chile POPs Patagonia

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Intraspecific trait variation in three common grass species reveals fine-scale species adjustment to local environmental conditions

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2018年第6期11卷 887-898页

作者： Tina Buchmann Jens Schumacher Christiane Roscher UFZ Helmholtz Centre for Environmental ResearchTheodor-Lieser-Strasse 4Halle 06120Germany Institute of Mathematics StochasticsFriedrich Schiller University JenaErnst-Abbe-Platz 2Jena 07743Germany UFZ Helmholtz Centre for Environmental ResearchPhysiological DiversityPermoserstraße 15Leipzig 04318Germany German centre for Integrative Biodiversity research(iDiv)Halle-Jena-Leipzig Deutscher Platz 5eLeipzig 04103Germany

Aims Studies along environmental gradients have shown that intraspecific trait variation(ITV)may contribute considerably to community-level trait ***,we lack knowledge about how the extent of ITV varies on a local scale and whether a varying extent of ITV is related to differences in local environmental site and plant commu-nity *** We investigated plant height,specific leaf area(SLA),leaf dry mat-ter content(LDMC)and leaf greenness of three common grass spe-cies(Arrhenatherum elatius,Dactylis glomerata,Poa pratensis)in 12 mown grasslands in a local study area around Jena(Thuringia,Germany)across three spatially hierarchical sampling levels:between sites,between subplots within site and within *** Findings Arrhenatherum elatius and *** had higher means in plant height and a lower variation in leaf traits than *** major proportions of variation in leaf traits of *** and *** were found within subplots,while the traits of *** varied mainly between *** correlations across the hierarchical sam-pling levels were highly consistent in ***,but more variable in *** and *** site and plant commu-nity characteristics mostly explained a larger proportion of variation in trait means in *** than in *** and ***,while metrics of ITV were generally less *** results suggest that trait variation in *** and *** is more strongly related to within-site conditions(*** interactions),while differences in local environmental conditions between sites have a strong impact on trait variation in *** our study was limited to three grass species,further studies with a greater number of species are required to make generalizations about the importance of biotic interactions and environmental conditions as drivers of ITV at local scale.

关键词： grass species intraspecific trait variation leaf traits

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Experimental determination of Cd^2＋ adsorption mechanism on low-cost biological waste

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Frontiers of environmental Science & Engineering 2013年第3期7卷 356-364页

作者： Farhah Amalya ISMAIL Ahmad Zaharin ARIS environmental Forensics research centre Faculty of Environmental Studies Universiti Putra Malaysia UPM Serdang 43400 Malaysia

Carbonate shells have an astonishing ability in the removal of Cd^2＋ in a short time period with emphasis on being a low cost adsorbent. In the present study, the sorption capacity of carbonate shells was studied for Cd^2＋ in batch experiments. The influence of different carbonate shell sizes and physico-chemical factors were evaluated and the results were analyzed for its correlation matrices by using Predictive Analytics Software （PASW）. The miner- alogy state of aqueous solution regarding the saturation index was simulated using PHREEQC to identify the Cd^2＋ uptake mechanism. The Cd uptake rates were calculated as well as Ca^2＋, HCO3- concentration, pH, ambient humidity and temperature were measured. Cd2＋ removal of 91.52% was achieved after 5 h adsorption. The adsorption efficiencies were significantly influenced by pH as they increased with the increase of pH from acidic solution （5.50±0.02） to slightly alkaline （7.60±0.05）. In addition, the mineralogy state of aqueous solution calculated from PHREEQC confirmed that the increment of Ca^2＋ and HCO3- concentrations in solution was attributed to the dissolution of carbonate shells. Moreover, the ion exchange adsorption mechanism of Cd^2＋ toward Ca^2＋ was identified as the process involved in Cd^2＋ uptake.

关键词： carbonate shell cadmium heavy metal,adsorption mechanism saturation state

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Spatial distributions of tropical tree species in northern Vietnam under environmentally variable site conditions

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Journal of Forestry research 2014年第2期25卷 257-268页

作者： Nguyen Hong Hai Kerstin Wiegand Stephan Getzin Department of Ecosystem Modelling Faculty of Forest Sciences and Forest EcologyUniversity of Goettingen Faculty of Agricultural Techniques Hatay Community College UFZ helmholtz centre for environmental research–UFZ Department of Ecological Modeling

Ecological interactions of species and thus their spatial pat- terns may differ between homogeneous and heterogeneous forests. To account for this, techniques of point pattern analysis were implemented on mapped locations of tree individuals from two 1-ha tropicalforest plots in Vietnam. We analyzed the effect of environmental heterogeneity on tree distributions; spatial distribution patterns of dominant species; inter-specific associations; and conspecific associations between life stages. Our analyses showed that： environmental conditions were homo- geneous at plot 1 but heterogeneous at plot 2; in both plots, all six domi- nant species were aggregated at various scales up to 30 m, and tree spe- cies were aggregated at larger scales in the homogeneous site than in the heterogeneous site; attraction between pairs of species was remarkably higher at the homogeneous site while negative associations were more frequent in the heterogeneous site; some species, H. kurzii, T. ilicifolia （homogeneous plot） and D. sylvatica, S. wightianum （heterogeneous plot） showed a lack of early life-stage individuals near conspecific adults. Moreover, additional clustering of young individuals was independent from conspecific adults, except D. sylvatica in both sites. These findings are consistent with the Janzen-ConneU hypothesis. Overall, habitat het- erogeneity influences spatial patterns and inter-specific associations of the tree species and evidences of self-thinning are shown in most species.

关键词： environmental heterogeneity spatial point pattern analysis tropical evergreen forest northern Vietnam.

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Effects of Nicotinamide on Mouse Skin Tumor Development and Its Mode of Action

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Biomedical and environmental Sciences 1999年第3期12卷 177-187页

作者： KRISHNA P. GUPTA(environmental Carcinogenesis Section, Industrial Toxicology research centre,Post Box No- 80, Mahatma Gandhi Mang, Lucknow-226 001, India) environmental Carcinogenesis Section Industrial Toxicology Research Centre Lucknow India.

Nicotinamide (NA), a naturally occuring vitamin and a protease inhibitor, has been shown to be effective in treating some skin ailments. It inhibits cell proiferaion and induces cell differentiation. This report shows the effects of NA on mouse skin tumor development and on the critical events involved in this process. NA reduced tumor growth, inhibited the 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) induced ornithine decarboxylase activity, but induced the transglutaminare activity which was inhibited by TPA under different experimental *** effects of NA on ornithine decarboxylare (ODC) and transglutaminase (TG) indicated that nicotinamide (NA) probably programmmed the cells for their death in the natural course of time, i.e. programed cell death. This observation indicates that NA might be a better agent for the detailed study and for the better use in prevention of cancer alone or in combination with other drugs.

关键词： Apoptosis Animals Female Mice Niacinamide Ornithine Decarboxylase research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Skin Neoplasms Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate Transglutaminases

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