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Experimental Investigation of Lee–Yang Criticality Using Non-Hermitian Quantum System

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Chinese physics Letters 2024年第5期41卷 1-11页

作者：蓝子桁刘文权伍旸叶翔宇杨哲森段昌奎王亚荣星 CAS Key laboratory of microscale Magnetic Resonance and School of physical sciences University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum physics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China hefei national laboratory University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230088China School of Science Beijing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsBeijing 100876China Kavli Institute for Theoretical sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

Lee–Yang theory clearly demonstrates where the phase transition of many-body systems occurs and the asymptotic behavior near the phase transition using the partition function under complex parameters. The complex parameters make the direct investigation of Lee–Yang theory in practical systems challenging. Here we construct a non-Hermitian quantum system that can correspond to the one-dimensional Ising model with imaginary parameters through the equality of partition functions. By adjusting the non-Hermitian parameter,we successfully obtain the partition function under different imaginary magnetic fields and observe the Lee–Yang zeros. We also observe the critical behavior of free energy in vicinity of Lee–Yang zero that is consistent with theoretical prediction. Our work provides a protocol to study Lee–Yang zeros of the one-dimensional Ising model using a single-qubit non-Hermitian system.

关键词： functions partition imaginary

Classical spin liquid state in a rhombic lattice metal-organic framework

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Nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 3407-3412页

作者： Sihua Feng Chao Wang Jiyin Zhao Xuguang Liu Chaocheng Liu Zeming Qi Lei Chen Huijuan Wang Minghui Fan Hengli Duan Wensheng Yan national Synchrotron Radiation laboratory University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China hefei national Research Center for physical sciences at the microscale University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China School of Materials Science and Engineering Hefei University of TechnologyHefei 230009China Experimental Center of Engineering and Material Science University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China

Discovering more and new geometrically frustrated systems remains an active point of inquiry in fundamental physics for the existence of unusual states of ***,we report spin-liquid-like behavior in a two-dimensional(2D)rhombic lattice Fe-metal-organic framework(Fe-MOF)with frustrated *** Fe-MOF exhibits a high frustration factor f=|θCW|/TN≥315,and its long-range magnetic order is suppressed down to 180 *** theoretical calculations demonstrate strong antiferromagnetic coupling between adjacent Fe3+ions,indicating the potential of a classical spin-liquid-like ***,a T-linear heat capacity parameter,γ,originating from electronic contributions and with magnetic field independence up to 8 T,can be observed in the specific heat capacity measurements at low-temperature,providing further proof for the spin-liquid-like *** work highlights the potential of MOF materials in geometrically frustrated systems,and will promote the research of exotic quantum physics phenomena.

关键词： spin-liquid-like state two-dimensional metal-organic framework(2D MOF) rhombic lattice ultralow temperature(ULT)measurements spin-frustrated

Sustainable all-weather CO2 utilization by mimicking natural photosynthesis in a single material

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national Science Review 2024年第2期11卷 177-187页

作者： Xianjin Shi Yu Huang Ran Long Zhenyu Wang Liqin Wang Junji Cao Gangqiang Zhu Yujie Xiong State Key laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology(SKLLQG) Key Laboratory of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics Institute of Earth EnvironmentChinese Academy of Sciences Center of Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of sciences hefei national Research Center for physical sciences at the microscale School of Chemistry and Materials Science and National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory University of Science and Technology of China Institute of Atmospheric physics Chinese Academy of Sciences School of physics and Information Technology Shaanxi Normal University

Solar-driven CO2conversion into hydrocarbon fuels is a sustainable approach to synchronously alleviating the energy crisis and achieving net ***,the dependence of the conversion process on solar illumination hinders its practical application due to the intermittent availability of sunlight at night and on cloudy or rainy ***,we report a model material of Pt-loaded hexagonal tungsten trioxide（Pt/h-WO3） for decoupling light and dark reaction processes,demonstrating the sustainable CO2conversion under dark conditions for the first *** such a material system,hydrogen atoms can be produced by photocatalytic water splitting under solar illumination,stored together with electrons in the h-WO3through the transition of W6+to W5+and spontaneously released to trigger catalytic CO2reduction under dark ***,we demonstrate using natural light that CH4production can persist at night and on rainy days,proving the accomplishment of all-weather CO2conversion via a sustainable way.

关键词： sustainable CO2 utilization artificial photosynthesis all-weather application charge storage

Photoinduced Radical-Ionic Transfer of Various Chlorofluorocarbons to Alkenes from Oxime-Based Surrogates

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CCS Chemistry 2024年第5期6卷 1222-1230页

作者： Jinghui Zhang Muliang Zhang Martin Oestreich Institut für Chemie Technische Universität Berlin10623 Berlin hefei national laboratory for physical sciences at the microscale and department of Chemistry University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026

Functional-group-transfer strategies that avoid the use of unsustainable chemicals are attractive for the development of green ***(CFCs)not only contribute to the depletion of the stratospheric ozone layer,but their gaseous nature also poses a serious threat in scientific ***,the design of effective and sustainable alternatives to CFCs is highly ***,a practical CFC transfer platform for the addition of both a fluoroalkyl group and a chlorine substituent across alkenes by a photomediated redox-neutral manifold using bench-stable and easy-to-handle oxime-based surrogates is *** distinct reactivity of these tunable reagents allows for their single-electron reduction to trigger fragmentation driven by benzonitrile formation and loss of carbon *** other fragments released in that step,namely an electrophilic fluoroalkyl radical and a nucleophilic chloride anion,are subsequently transferred onto alkenes by a radical-ionic mechanism to deliver the desired chlorofluorocarbon products.

关键词： alkenes chlorofluorocarbons functionalgroup transfer radical-ionic crossover photoredox catalysis

Counterion-Mediated Hydrogen Bonding Making Strong Polyelectrolytes pH-Responsive:Current Understanding and Perspectives

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第9期42卷 1270-1277,I0005页

作者： Yue Huang Guang-Tao Mei Zan Hua Guang-Ming Liu hefei national Research Center for physical sciences at the microscale Department of Chemical PhysicsKey Laboratory of Surface and Interface Chemistry and Energy Catalysis of Anhui Higher Education InstitutesUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230026China The Key laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids Ministry of Educationand Department of Materials ChemistrySchool of Chemistry and Materials ScienceAnhui Normal UniversityWuhu214002China

The counterion-mediated hydrogen bonding(CMHB)is related to the hydrogen bonding between bound counterions and polyelectrolyte chains in polyelectrolyte systems,where the counterions can both electrostatically bind to the charged groups of polyelectrolyte chains and act as hydrogen bond donors or acceptors to form hydrogen bonds with the hydrogen bond sites associated with polyelectrolyte chains simultaneously.A large number of literatures illustrate that strong polyelectrolytes(SPs)are insensitive to pH,which severely limmits the applications of SPs as smart ***,our studies have demonstrated that the CMHB makes SPs *** perspective discusses the mechanism of pH responsiveness of SPs and the pH-tunable properties of SPs,based on the pH-controlled CMHB *** future research directions on the pH responsiveness of SPs are also discussed *** is anticipated that the study of the pH responsiveness of SPs not only will provide a new understanding of the fundamental properties of SPs,but also will greatly expand the applications of SPs in the field of smart materials.

关键词： Counterion binding Hydrogen bond Polyelectrolyte brush Polyelectrolyte complexation

Emergent topological ordered phase for the Ising-XY model revealed by cluster-updating Monte Carlo method

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Chinese physics B 2024年第4期33卷 386-400页

作者：马赫阳张万舟田彦婷丁成祥邓友金 College of physics Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China hefei national laboratory for physical sciences at the microscale and department of Modern physics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China School of Microelectronics&Data Science Anhui University of TechnologyMaanshan 243002China Minjiang Collaborative Center for Theoretical physics College of Physics and Electronic Information EngineeringMinjiang UniversityFuzhou 350108China Shanghai Research Center for Quantum sciences Shanghai 201315China

The two-component cold atom systems with anisotropic hopping amplitudes can be phenomenologically described by a two-dimensional Ising-XY coupled model with spatial *** low temperatures,theoretical predictions[***.A 72053604(2005)]and[arXiv:0706.1609]indicate the existence of a topological ordered phase characterized by Ising and XY disorder but with 2XY ***,due to ergodic difficulties faced by Monte Carlo methods at low temperatures,this topological phase has not been numerically *** propose a linear cluster updating Monte Carlo method,which flips spins without rejection in the anisotropy limit but does not change the *** this scheme and conventional Monte Carlo methods,we succeed in revealing the nature of topological phases with half-vortices and domain *** the constructed global phase diagram,Ising and XY-type transitions are very close to each other and differ significantly from the schematic phase diagram reported *** also propose and explore a wide range of quantities,including magnetism,superfluidity,specific heat,susceptibility,and even percolation susceptibility,and obtain consistent and reliable ***,we observed first-order transitions characterized by common intersection points in magnetizations for different system sizes,as opposed to the conventional phase transition where Binder cumulants of various sizes share common *** critical exponents of different types of phase transitions are reasonably *** results are useful to help cold atom experiments explore the half-vortex topological phase.

关键词： topological phase transition Ising-XY model Monte Carlo method half vortex

Boosting oxygen reduction in acidic media through integration of Pt-Co alloy effect and strong interaction with carbon defects

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Nano Research 2024年第9期17卷 7900-7908页

作者： Nannan Ji Haoyun Sheng Shilong Liu Yangyuan Zhang Hongfei Sun Lingzhi Wei Ziqi Tian Peng Jiang Qianwang Chen Jianwei Su Institutes of physical Science and Information Technology Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid MaterialsAnhui UniversityHefei 230601China Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of SciencesNingbo 315201China hefei national laboratory for physical Science at microscale Department of Materials Science&EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China International Collaborative laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education Institute of Microscale OptoelectronicsShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China

Optimization of Pt atom utilization efficiency is critical for the development of proton-exchange-membrane fuel *** we aim to develop an efficient oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)catalyst with a low Pt content through the concurrent modification of Pt-Co alloy catalysts and carbon *** the present study,ultrafine Pt-Co alloy nanoparticles are successfully synthesized and stabilized by topological carbon defects via adopting the ammonia thermal *** the low Pt loading,the obtained catalyst exhibits an impressive half-wave potential of 0.926 V versus the reversible hydrogen electrode in 0.1 M HClO_(4)***,the durability testing using the timed-current method demonstrates a tiny loss of only 3.6%after 12 *** experimental results and theoretical calculations demonstrate that topological carbon defects significantly enhance the charge transfer processes at the alloy/carbon interface,contributing to the strong electronic metal-support interactions between the Pt-Co alloy nanoparticles and topological carbon *** interactions,along with the alloy effect,play a crucial role in promoting the ORR performance in acidic media.

关键词： electrocatalysis oxygen reduction reaction Pt-Co alloy electronic interaction topological carbon defects

Measurement of atmospheric non-reciprocity effects for satellite-based two-way time-frequency transfer

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Photonics Research 2024年第6期12卷 1274-1282页

作者： TING ZENG QI SHEN YUAN CAO JIAN-YU GUAN MENG-ZHE LIAN JIN-JIAN HAN LEI HOU JIAN LU XIN-XIN PENG MIN LI WEI-YUE LIU JIN-CAI WU YONG WANG JUAN YIN JI-GANG REN HAI-FENG JIANG QIANG ZHANG CHENG-ZHI PENG JIAN-WEI PAN hefei national Research Center for physical sciences at the microscale and School of physical sciences University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Science and CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum physics University of Science and Technology of ChinaShanghai 201315China hefei national laboratory University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230094China Faculty of Information Science and Engineering Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211China Key laboratory of Space Active Opto-Electronic Technology Shanghai Institute of Technical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200083China Xinjiang Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China

Future optical clock networks will require high-precision optical time-frequency transfer between satellites and ground ***,due to atmospheric turbulence,satellite motion and time delay between the satellite–ground transmission links will cause spatial and temporal variations,respectively,resulting in the breakdown of the time-of-flight reciprocity on which optical two-way time-frequency transfer is ***,we experimentally simulate the atmospheric effects by two-way spatio-temporally separated links between two stationary terminals located 113 km apart and measure the effects for optical two-way time-frequency *** experiment shows that the effect on the link instability is less than 2.3×10^(−19) at 10,000 *** indicates that when the link instability of satellite-ground optical time-frequency transfer is on the order of 10^(−19),it is not necessary to consider the atmospheric non-reciprocity effects.

关键词： breakdown transfer satellite

Regulated reaction pathway of CO_(2)photoreduction into CH_(4)by metal atom pair sites

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Rare Metals 2024年第9期43卷 4620-4627页

作者： Dong-Po He Guang-Bing Huang Jun Hu Yang Wu Xiao-Dong Li Qing-Xia Chen Shan Zhu Wen-Sheng Yan Jun-Fa Zhu Yang Pan Xing-Chen Jiao Key laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids Ministry of EducationSchool of Chemical and Material EngineeringJiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China hefei national Research Center for physical sciences at microscale National Synchrotron Radiation LaboratoryUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Max Planck Institute of Microstructure physics Weinberg 206120 HalleGermany State Grid Anhui Electric Power Research Institute Hefei 230601China

The carbon dioxide(CO_(2))reduction process involves complex protonation,making the resulting product often *** achieve the desired product,it is crucial to manipulate the reaction ***,we build the metal atom pair sites for selective CO_(2)photoreduction into *** a prototype,Ni atom pair sites loaded on the Mo S_(2)nanosheets were synthesized and verified by highresolution transmission electron microscopy(HRTEM),X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)and X-rayabsorption near edge structure spectra(XANES).In-situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)monitors the*CHO group,a crucial intermediate in CH_(4)production,during CO_(2)photoreduction on the Ni-Mo S_(2)nanosheets,whereas this monitoring is not observed for the Mo S_(2)***,theoretical calculations disclose that over the Ni-Mo S_(2)nanosheet slab,the formation energy of*CHO intermediates is determined to be lower(0.585 e V)than the desorption energy of*CO intermediates for CO production(0.64 e V),implying the higher selectivity of CH_(4)production.

关键词： steps dioxide desired