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Establishment of a novel loach-deodorization technology based on gas chromatography-ion mobility spectroscopy analysis

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FOOD BIOSCIENCE 2023年第3期53卷 3011-3020页

作者： Shao, Juanjuan Yang, Yi Wang, Tianyue Liu, Yangliu Wang, Zhen Zhao, Yuan Sun, Jilu hebei agr univ Coll Sci & Technol Cangzhou 061000 Peoples R China South China agr univ Coll Hort Guangzhou 510642 Peoples R China Jiangnan univ Int Joint Res Ctr Photorespons Mol & Mat Sch Chem & Mat Engn Key Lab Synthet & Biol ColloidsMinist Educ Wuxi 214122 Jiangsu Peoples R China hebei agr univ Coll Food Sci & Technol Baoding 071000 Peoples R China

Fishy odor has been a major limiting factor for the production and commercialization of loach. Herein, this study aims to develop an efficient deodorization process using single-factor experiments and Design-Expert response surface methodology. The deodorization capability is evaluated using gas chromatography-ion mobility spectroscopy (GS-IMS). As a result, the trehalose-sweet wine koji method was selected and the final optimal deodorization conditions were shown as follows: the compound ratio of trehalose to sweet wine koji was 51:1, the content of sweet wine koji was 0.10%, and the deodorization time was 33 min at 17 degrees C. Under the conditions, the final trimethylamine content of loach was reduced by 89%. A total of 29 volatile compounds in loach samples before and after deodorization were identified by GC-IMS, including 11 aldehydes, 8 alcohol, 7 ketones, 1 ester, and 2 olefins. Volatile compounds responsible for fish-like odor, such as hexanal, pentanal, heptanal, benzaldehyde, octanal, nonanal, n-butanol, pentanol, and acetone, were decreased in intensity. Principal component and fingerprint analysis confirmed the deodorization effect of this process on loach was significant (p < 0.05). Collectively, the study developed an efficient loach deodorization method, which will improve the quality of loach production.

关键词： Cypriniformes Deodorants Gas chromatography Ion mobility spectrometry Volatile compounds

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Synthesis and Steric Structure of β-Lactam Derivatives of 2,4-Diaryl-2,3-dihydro-1,5-benzothiazepines

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Chinese Chemical Letters 1998年第10期9卷 919-921页

作者： Qi Yi XING Yuan LI Cat Yun DU Qiu Qing YANGNa SUN, Sheng JIN(Bioorganic Molecular Engineering Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking university, Beijing 100871 Department of Chemistry, Experiment Center, hebei Normal unive Peking univ Inst Chem & Mol Engn Bioorgan Mol Engn Lab Beijing 100871 Peoples R China hebei Normal univ Expt Ctr Dept Chem Shijianzhuang 050016 Peoples R China hebei Handan agr Coll Dept Basic Course Handan 056000 Peoples R China

This paper reports the primary results of the study on β-lactam derivatives of 2,4-diaryl-2, 3-di hydro-1, 5 -benzothiazepines. Five titie compounds have been synthesized, and their configUration and conformation wer... 详细信息

关键词： 1,5-benzothiazopine β-lactam Cycloaddition

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Studies on nutritional intervention of ginkgo starch-lauric acid complex in obese rats induced by a high-fat diet

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FOOD BIOSCIENCE 2023年第3期53卷 1594-1602页

作者： Li, Dan Zhang, Xinyue Meng, Xiangxing Zhang, Nan Li, Jing Wang, Tianxin Gao, Shan Liu, Suwen Wang, Jilite Wang, Hao Tianjin univ Sci & Technol TUST State Key Lab Food Nutr & Safety Tianjin 300457 Peoples R China hebei univ Sci & Technol Coll Biosci & Bioengn Shijiazhuang 050000 Peoples R China hebei Normal univ Sci & Technol Coll Food Sci & Technol Qinhuangdao 066004 Hebei Peoples R China Hetao Coll Dept Agr Bayannur Inner Mongolia Peoples R China

Ginkgo starch was frequently used in food, but consuming too much of it could increase postprandial blood sugar and potentially cause obesity. Through molecular docking, we discovered that lauric acid enters the spiral cavity formed by amylose molecules to form a stable compound. The compound exhibited a V-type structure, enhanced relative crystallinity, short-range order, and long-range order, while also experiencing a 20% reduction in in vitro digestibility. The complex may also lessen body weight, serum triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) levels in rats, as well as improve hepatic fat accumulation and intestinal flora composition. It's interesting to note that the complex greatly boosted the number of good bacteria in rats, and that these bacteria positively connected with the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), TC, and TG. In conclusion, the high-fat diet-induced obesity is significantly improved by the ginkgo starch-lauric acid combination (GSL).

关键词： Ginkgo starch Fatty acid Intestinal flora Biochemical indices Obese rats

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Effects of buckwheat milk Co-fermented with two probiotics and two commercial yoghurt strains on gut microbiota and production of short-chain Fatty Acids

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FOOD BIOSCIENCE 2023年第3期53卷 496-502页

作者： Wang, Yang Qu, Sijia Chen, Menghan Cui, Yue Shi, Chenshan Pu, Xiaolu Gao, Wenhui Li, Quanhong Han, Junhua Zhang, Aixia hebei univ Sci & Technol Coll Food Sci & Biol Shijiazhuang 050018 Peoples R China hebei Acad agr & Forestry Sci Inst Biotechnol & Food Sci Shijiazhuang 050051 Peoples R China Shijiazhuang Junlebao Dairy Co Ltd Shijiazhuang 050221 Peoples R China China agr univ Coll Food Sci & Nutr Engn Beijing 100083 Peoples R China

The fascinating ingredient of buckwheat fermented by probiotics with functional superiorities was considered as a substitute for milk-based foods. In this work, buckwheat milk fermented by probiotic lactic acid bacteria (FBM) was prepared. The effects of FBM on body weight, gut microbiota and short chain fatty acids (SCFA) in mice were also discussed. Results showed that the acidity levels of FBM within 15 days were in the range of 70-100 degrees T, and total microbial counts were higher than 1 x 106 CFU/mL. FBM showed significant effect in controlling weight gain. Also, intestinal flora diversity in mice fed with FBM was improved. The abundance of Barnesiella, Rumi-nococcus, Bacteroides and Prevotella in FBM group was significantly increased. Meanwhile, the contents of six SCFA in the FBM group were significantly higher than the other two groups. These findings will provide referential information in revealing the probiotic functions and developing buckwheat-based products as dairy alternatives.

关键词： Sweet buckwheat Probiotics Intestinal flora Short-chain fatty acids

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Genetic identification, pathogenicity and patulin production of Penicillium species from apple blue mold in China

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FOOD QUALITY AND SAFETY 2024年第8期8卷 414-426页

作者： Shen, Youming Ma, Wenyu Ma, Ning Li, Mengyao Zhang, Jianyi Xu, Guofeng Chinese Acad agr Sci Qual Inspect & Test Ctr Fruit Nursery Stocks Minist Agr & Rural Affairs Xingcheng Res Inst PomolMinist Agr & Rural AffairsLab Qual Xingcheng Peoples R China agr univ hebei Coll Vet Med Baoding Peoples R China Chinese Acad agr Sci Minist Agr & Rural Affairs Xingcheng Qual Inspect & Test Ctr Fruit & Nursery Stocks Res Inst Pomol 98 Xinghai South St Xingcheng 125100 Peoples R China

Objectives Blue mold is a common postharvest disease that leads to severe rot and patulin (PAT) contamination in fruits, which is a key factor endangering the storage and quality of apple products. However, the Penicillium species from apple blue mold in China and their pathogenicity and PAT production ability have not been well *** and Methods In this study, 62 strains of pathogenic Penicillium species were isolated from blue mold apples collected from different regions of China. The ITS, BenA, and CaM genes were sequenced for molecular *** Penicillium strains were identified as three species, 57 P. expansum, 3 P. crustosum, and 2 P. polonicum. Twelve variants of the ITS sequence, 61 variants of BenA and 67 variants of CiaM genes were identified between Penicillium species. Fungal morphology was observed on potato dextrose agar (PDA). After 10 d of cultivation, P. expansum cultures were detected with PAT concentrations ranging from 457.98 to 1333.85 mg/kg, and two P. polonicum strains were 6.02 mg/kg and 6.30 mg/kg. The three P. crustosum strains could not produce PAT on PDA. In apple inoculation, P. expansum strains showed significantly faster infection rates than P. crustosum and P. polonicum strains. All P. expansum strains can produce PAT during infection, and the concentrations in the rot apple tissues were 2.31-88.67 mg/kg. The P. crustosum and P. polonicum strains could not produce PAT during *** This study provides data and information regarding the morphology, virulence and PAT production of Penicillium pathogens that will improve the understanding of apple blue mold and postharvest disease control.

关键词： Malus domestica blue mold Penicillium expansum single nucleotide polymorphism mycotoxins

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The miR396a-SlGRF8 module regulates sugar accumulation in the roots via SlSTP10 during the interaction between root-knot nematodes and tomato plants

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JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2024年第12期66卷 2701-2715页

作者： Sun, Lulu Zhu, Mengting Zhou, Xiaoxuan Gu, Ruiyue Hou, Yuying Li, Tongtong Huang, Huang Yang, Rui Wang, Shaohui Zhao, Wenchao Beijing univ agr Coll Plant Sci & Technol Beijing 102206 Peoples R China Beijing univ agr Beijing Key Lab Agr Applicat & New Tech Beijing 102206 Peoples R China

Root-knot nematodes (RKNs;Meloidogyne spp.) are a serious threat to crop production. The competition between plants and pathogens for assimilates influences the outcome of their interactions. However, the mechanisms by which plants and nematodes compete with each other for assimilates have not been elucidated. In this study, we demonstrated that miR396a plays a negative role in defense against RKNs and a positive role in sugar accumulation in tomato roots. The overexpression of SlGRF8 (Solanum lycopersicum growth-regulating factor 8), the target of miR396a, decreased the sugar content of the roots and the susceptibility to RKNs, whereas the grf8-cr mutation had the opposite effects. Furthermore, we confirmed that SlGRF8 regulated the sugar content in roots by directly activating the transcription of SlSTP10 (Solanum lycopersicum sugar transporter protein 10) in response to RKN stress. Moreover, SlSTP10 was expressed primarily in the tissues surrounding giant cells, and the SlSTP10 knockout increased both the sugar content in the roots and the plant's susceptibility to RKNs. Overall, this study provides important insight into the molecular mechanism through which the miR396a-SlGRF8-SlSTP10 module regulates sugar allocation in roots under RKN stress.

关键词： miR396a SlGRF8 SlSTP10 tomato root-knot nematode sugar

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The OsMAPK5-OsWRKY72 module negatively regulates grain length and grain weight in rice

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JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2024年第12期66卷 2648-2663页

作者： Wang, Fuxiang Lin, Jiexin Yang, Fan Chen, Xiaofeng Liu, Yiyi Yan, Lingnan Chen, Jing Wang, Zonghua Xie, Huaan Zhang, Jianfu Xu, Huibin Chen, Songbiao Minjiang univ Coll Geog & Oceanog Marine & Agr Biotechnol Lab Fuzhou 350108 Peoples R China Fujian Acad agr Sci Rice Res Inst Natl Rice Engn Lab China Fuzhou 350003 Peoples R China Fujian agr & Forestry univ Coll Agr Fuzhou 350002 Peoples R China Fujian agr & Forestry univ Coll Plant Protect Fuzhou 350002 Peoples R China Fujian agr & Forestry univ Coll Life Sci Fuzhou 350002 Peoples R China

Grain size and grain weight are important determinants for grain yield. In this study, we identify a novel OsMAPK5-OsWRKY72 module that negatively regulates grain length and grain weight in rice. We found that loss-of-function of OsMAPK5 leads to larger cell size of the rice spikelet hulls and a significant increase in both grain length and grain weight in an indica variety Minghui 86 (MH86). OsMAPK5 interacts with OsMAPKK3/4/5 and OsWRKY72 and phosphorylates OsWRKY72 at T86 and S88. Similar to the osmapk5 MH86 mutants, the oswrky72 knockout MH86 mutants exhibited larger size of spikelet hull cells and increased grain length and grain weight, whereas the OsWRKY72-overexpression MH86 plants showed opposite phenotypes. OsWRKY72 targets the W-box motifs in the promoter of OsARF6, an auxin response factor involved in auxin signaling. Dual-luciferase reporter assays demonstrated that OsWRKY72 activates OsARF6 expression. The activation effect of the phosphorylation-mimicking OsWRKY72T86D/S88D on OsARF6 expression was significantly enhanced, whereas the effects of the OsWRKY72 phosphorylation-null mutants were significantly reduced. In addition, auxin levels in young panicles of the osmapk5 and oswrky72 mutants were significantly higher than that in the wild-type MH86. Collectively, our study uncovered novel connections of the OsMAPKK3/4/5-OsMAPK5-mediated MAPK signaling, OsWRKY72-mediated transcription regulation, and OsARF6-mediated auxin signaling pathways in regulating grain length and grain weight in an indica-type rice, providing promising targets for molecular breeding of rice varieties with high yield and quality.

关键词： grain length grain weight OsARF6 OsMAPK5 OsWRKY72 rice

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Non-destructive determination and visualization of gel springiness of preserved eggs during pickling through hyperspectral imaging

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FOOD BIOSCIENCE 2023年第3期53卷 1299-1309页

作者： Chen, Yuanzhe Wang, Qiaohua Fan, Wei Xu, Buyun Huazhong agr univ Coll Engn Wuhan 430070 Peoples R China Huazhong agr univ Natl Res & Dev Ctr Egg Proc Wuhan 430070 Peoples R China Minist agr & Rural agr Key Lab Agr Equipment Midlower Yangtze River Wuhan 430070 Peoples R China

The gel springiness of preserved egg during pickling is an important indicator of the maturity and gel quality of preserved eggs (PEs), for which there are no validated rapid means of detection. This work, hyperspectral imaging was used to non-destructively detect the gel springiness of preserved eggs (PEs) at different maturity levels during the curing period. Firstly, principal component analysis was used to explain the characteristics of the changes in gel springiness during the curing process of PEs of different maturity levels. Secondly, based on twodimensional correlation spectroscopy(2DCOS), the 427???843 nm band range was explored as the optimal study region for gel springiness when gel springiness was used as a perturbation factor. In turn, spectral factors representative of the change in gel springiness are stripped in this band region. Comparing three different variable selection methods (SPA???CARS and UVE), it was found that the UVE-PLSR model had the highest detection accuracy: The predicted coefficient of determination R2p and the predicted standard deviation SEp of the predicted gel springiness are 0.846 and 1.526, with a residual prediction deviation RPD of 2.35. Finally, the above optimal prediction model is applied to the pixel spectrum to calculate the springiness value of each pixel point on the hyperspectral image and is supplemented by a pseudo-color technique to visualize the prediction of the spatial distribution of the gel springiness value. The results show that using hyperspectral imaging can detect the gel springiness value of the PE during the curing process, which will provide a theoretical basis for future determination of the ripeness of the PE as well as high-throughput online sorting.

关键词： Preserved eggs Hyperspectral imaging Non-destructive determination 2D correlation spectrum Visualization

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CONVERGENCE PROPERTIES OF A MODIFIED BFGSALGORITHM FOR MINIMIZATION WITHARMIJO-GOLDSTEIN STEPLENGTHS

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Journal of Computational Mathematics 1999年第6期17卷 645-652页

作者： Nai-yang Deng Zheng-feng Li(Department of Mathematics, Beijing agricultural Engineering university, Beijing 100083,China) Beijing agr Engn univ Dept Math Beijing 100083 Peoples R China

The line search strategy is crucial for an efficient unconstrained optimization algorithm. One of the reason why the Wolfe line searches is recommended lies in that it ensures positive definiteness of BFGS updates. When gradient information has to be obtained costly, the Armijo-Goldstein line searches may be preferred. To maintain positive difiniteness of BFGS updates based on the Armijo-Goldstein line searches, a slightly modified form of BFGS update is proposed by I.D. Coope and C.J. Price (Journal of Computational Mathematics, 13 (1995), 156-160), while its convergence properties is open up to now. This paper shows that the modified BFGS algorithm is globally and superlinearly convergent based on the Armijo-Goldstein line searches.

关键词： BFGS methods convergence superlinear convergence

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Identification and classification of subspecies of Asian cultivated rice and their hybrids

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1998年第22期43卷 1864-1872页

作者： Xiangkun Wang Renhua Li Chuanqing Sun Zichao Li Hongwei Cai Xinli Sun China agr univ Beijing 100094 Peoples R China

Having reviewed the major classification systems proposed by various scholars across the world, it is found that \%indica\% and \%japonica\% under \%***\% L. are two major directions thoroughly differentiated from the Asian cultivated rice, forming the framework of the classification structure. A system with \%indica\% and \%japonica\% as the only two subspecies is therefore *** are various ways to determine the indica_japonica identity of hybrid rice, but the "combined morphological trait index"(CMT index) method is more efficient and easier to handle, although the isozyme analysis, molecular marker analysis and grain quality assay methods are also feasible.

关键词： Asian cultivated rice subspecies intersubspecific hybrids identification classification.

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