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Dose-response effect of pre-exercise carbohydrates under muscle glycogen unavailability:Insights from McArdle disease

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第3期13卷 398-408页

作者： Pedro L.Valenzuela Alfredo Santalla Lidia B.Alejo Andrea Merlo Asuncion Bustos Laura Castellote-Belles Roser Ferrer-Costa Nicola A.Maffiuletti David Barranco-Gil Tomas Pinos Alejandro Lucia Physical Activity and Health research Group(“PaHerg”) Research Institute of Hospital“12 de Octubre”(“imas12”)Madrid 28041Spain Department of Systems Biology University of AlcalaMadrid 28871Spain Department of Sport and Computer Science Section of Physical Education and SportsFaculty of SportUniversidad Pablo de OlavideSevilla 41013Spain EVOPRED research Group Universidad Europea de CanariasTenerife 38300Spain Faculty of Sport Sciences Universidad Europea de MadridMadrid 28670Spain Gait&Motion Analysis Laboratory Sol et Salus HospitalTorre Pedrera di Rimini(RN)47922Italy Department of Clinical Biochemistry Laboratoris ClınicsHospital Universitari Vall d’HebronBarcelona 08035Spain Human Performance Lab Schulthess ClinicZurich 8008Switzerland Biomedical research Networking Center on Rare Disorders(CIBERER) Barcelona 08035Spain Mitochondrial and Neuromuscular Disorders Unit Vall d’Hebron Institut de RecercaUniversitat Autonoma de BarcelonaBarcelona 08035Spain

Background:This study aimed to determine the effect of different carbohydrate(CHO)doses on exercise capacity in patients with McArdle disease—the paradigm of“exercise intolerance”,characterized by complete muscle glycogen unavailability—and to determine whether higher exogenous glucose levels affect metabolic responses at the McArdle muscle cell(in vitro)***:Patients with McArdle disease(n=8)and healthy controls(n=9)underwent a 12-min submaximal cycling constant-load bout followed by a maximal ramp test 15 min after ingesting a non-caloric *** a randomized,double-blinded,cross-over design,patients repeated the tests after consuming either 75 g or 150 g of CHO(glucose:fructose=2:1).Cardiorespiratory,biochemical,perceptual,and electromyographic(EMG)variables were ***,glucose uptake and lactate appearance were studied in vitro in wild-type and McArdle mouse myotubes cultured with increasing glucose concentrations(0.35,1.00,4.50,and 10.00 g/L).Results:Compared with controls,patients showed the“classical”second-wind phenomenon(after prior disproportionate tachycardia,myalgia,and excess electromyographic activity during submaximal exercise,all p<0.05)and an impaired endurance exercise capacity(-51%ventilatory threshold and55%peak power output,both p<0.001).Regardless of the CHO dose(p<0.05 for both doses compared with the placebo),CHO intake increased blood glucose and lactate levels,decreased fat oxidation rates,and attenuated the second wind in the ***,only the higher dose increased ventilatory threshold(+27%,p=0.010)and peak power output(+18%,p=0.007).In vitro analyses revealed no differences in lactate levels across glucose concentrations in wild-type myotubes,whereas a doseresponse effect was observed in McArdle ***:CHO intake exerts beneficial effects on exercise capacity in McArdle disease,a condition associated with total muscle glycogen *** of these benefits are dose dependent.

关键词： Endurance Glycogen storage disease Glycogenosis Nutrition Supplement

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Are school uniforms associated with gender inequalities in physical activity? A pooled analysis of population-level data from 135 countries/regions

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第4期13卷 590-598页

作者： Mairead Ryan Luiza I.C.Ricardo Nicole Nathan Riikka Hofmann Esther van Sluijs Medical research Council Epidemiology Unit University of CambridgeCambridge CB20QQUK Faculty of Education University of CambridgeCambridge CB28PQUK Hunter New England Population Health WallsendNSW 2287Australia School of Medicine and Public Health College of HealthMedicine and WellbeingUniversity of NewcastleCallaghanNSW 2308Australia Hunter Medical research institute New Lambton HeightsNSW 2305Australia National Centre of Implementation Science University of NewcastleCallaghanNSW 2308Australia

Purpose:It is aimed to assess whether school uniforms are associated with population-level gender inequalities in physical activity,and whether associations differ by school level,country/region income,and assessment ***:An ecological study design was *** collected data about global uniform practices using an online *** searched for country/region-level estimates of school-aged youth meeting physical activity guidelines from international surveillance *** selection was conducted in duplicate using a systematic process,and a random sample of all data was checked to ensure extraction and pooling processes were *** calculated absolute and relative gender inequalities in physical activity for each *** regression examined associations between country/region-level uniform practices(binary yes/no exposure variable) and country/region-level gender inequalities in physical activity guideline compliance(absolute and relative inequalities).We investigated moderation by school level,stratified analyses by income group,and repeated primary analyses using device-measured ***:Pooling data from 135 countries/regions(n=1,089,852),we found no association between population-level uniform practices and gender inequalities in physical activity across all ages(absolute:β=-0.2;95% confidence interval(95%CI):-1.7 to 1.3,p=0.74;relative:β=0.1;95%CI:-0.1 to 0.2,p=0.51).Subgroup analysis suggested a positive association in primary school settings(absolute:β=4.3;95%CI:-0.0 to 8.6,p=0.05).Among high-income countries,absolute inequalities were significantly greater in countries/regions with uniform practices(N=37) compared to those without(N=48)(9.1(SD=3.6) vs.7.8 percentage points(SD=4.3)).Repeating analyses using device-measured data(n=32,130;N=24) did not alter our primary *** initial descriptive statistics,we found that in countries/regions where a maj ority of schools(>50%) reportedly use uniforms,there was lower compli

关键词： School policy Clothing Child Adolescent Accelerometer

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Effects of high-dose glucose-insulin-potassium on acute coronary syndrome patients receiving reperfusion therapy:a meta-analysis

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2024年第3期15卷 181-189页

作者： Zeyu Yang Huiruo Liu Dazhou Lu Shengchuan Cao Feng Xu Chuanbao Li Department of Emergency Medicine Qilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityJinan 250012China Shandong Provincial Clinical research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong UniversityChest Pain CenterQilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityJinan 250012China Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary-Cerebral Resuscitation Research of Shandong ProvinceShandong Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Emergency and Critical Care MedicineQilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityJinan 250012China Shandong Key Laboratory:Magnetic Field-free Medicine&Functional Imaging(MF) Qilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityJinan 250012China National Medical Products Administration(NMPA)Key Laboratory for Clinical research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug Qilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityJinan 250012China

BACKGROUND:This meta-analysis aimed to assess the efficacy of high-dose glucose-insulinpotassium(GIK) therapy on clinical outcomes in acute coronary syndrome(ACS) patients receiving reperfusion ***:We searched the PubMed,Web of Science,MEDLINE,Embase,and Cochrane Library databases from inception to April 26,2022,for randomized controlled trials(RCTs) that compared high-dose GIK and placebos in ACS patients receiving reperfusion *** primary endpoint was major adverse cardiovascular events(MACEs).RESULTS:Eleven RCTs with 884 patients were ultimately *** with placebos,high-dose GIK markedly reduced MACEs(risk ratio [RR] 0.57,95% confidence interval [95% CI]:0.35 to 0.94,P=0.03) and the risk of heart failure(RR 0.48,95% CI:0.25 to 0.95,P=0.04) and improved the left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)(mean difference [MD] 2.12,95% CI:0.40 to 3.92,P=0.02) at 6 ***,no difference was observed in all-cause mortality at 30 d or 1 ***,high-dose GIK was significantly associated with increased incidences of phlebitis(RR 4.78,95% CI:1.36 to 16.76,P=0.01),hyperglycemia(RR 9.06,95% CI:1.74 to 47.29,P=0.009) and hypoglycemia(RR 6.50,95% CI:1.28 to 33.01,P=0.02) but not reinfarction,hyperkalemia or secondary *** terms of oxidative stress-lowering function,high-dose GIK markedly reduced superoxide dismutase(SOD) activity but not glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px) or catalase(CAT) ***:Patients with ACS receiving reperfusion therapy exhibited a reduction in MACEs and good oxidative stress-lowering eflcacy in response to high-dose ***,with a higher incidence of complications such as phlebitis,hyperglycemia,and ***,there were no observed survival benefits associated with high-dose *** trials with long-term follow-up are still needed.

关键词： Acute coronary syndrome High-dose Glucose-insulin-potassium treatment Reperfusion therapy Meta-analysis

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Enhancement of comprehensive properties of Nb–Si based in-situ composites by Ho rare earth doping

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Rare Metals 2024年第9期43卷 4508-4520页

作者： Wei Wei Qi Wang Rui-Run Chen Chao-Wen Zheng Yan-Qing Su National Key Laboratory for Precision Hot Processing of Metals School of Materials Science and EngineeringHarbin Institute of Technology

This study examines the microstructure,mechanical properties （with a focus on room-temperature toughness）, and oxidation resistance of Ho-doped NbDSi based in-situ composites. The base alloy consists of the coarse primary Nb5Si3phase and the Nb5Si3+Nbss （Nb solid solution） eutectic cells. Ho doping influences the solidification path. When the Ho doping is higher than0.2 at%, the alloys transform into eutectic alloys. Ho can be solid-solved in trace amounts in the Nbss phase. However, most of Ho forms a stable Ho oxide phase, which alleviates oxygen contamination problem to some ***, the interface separation between Ho oxide and other phases reduces the plastic deformation ***, with 0.4 at%Ho doping, the KQvalue is18.03 MPa·m1/2, which is 31.1%higher than that of the base alloy. The strength of the Ho-doped alloys does not deteriorate with an increase in toughness. However, the large network-like Ho2O3in the 0.8Ho alloy causes a decrease in toughness and strength. In addition, the Ho oxide phase effectively blocks the inward oxygen *** 0.8 at%Ho doping, the oxidation mass gain per unit area is 10.16 mg·cm2, which is 39.7%lower than that of the base alloy.

关键词： Ho Microstructure Nb–Si based composites Properties Rare earth elements

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Autotomy and Regeneration of Appendages in Crustaceans:A Review

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2024年第3期23卷 731-742页

作者： LIU Lei TAO Dandan WANG Chunlin FU Yuanyuan WANG Sixiang HUANG Xinlian ZHAI Wei SONG Weiwei School of Marine Sciences Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315832China Ningbo institute of Oceanography Ningbo 315832China

Autotomy of appendages is a self-protection mechanism in crustaceans,which is defined as the reflexive loss of a limb in response to predation,competition,or other environmental ***-limb injuries were the most common among the species surveyed in the present study,and the chelicerae were the most frequently lost *** autotomy,hormones and signaling pathways are *** of limbs can affect foraging efficiency,although cheliped loss may be compensated by shifting to alternative prey or using both motor and oral *** heterogeneous species,the loss of the major chelae may affect the selectivity of *** can affect crustacean growth by reducing size increases at molting and altering the timing of *** commercial production,removing chelicerae is an effective strategy to reduce cannibalism,and production of soft-shell crabs can be increased via *** autotomy,a new limb will regrow through regeneration and *** process involves the regulation of hormones,regrowth of nerves,and a number of signaling pathways that include the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and transforming growth factorβsignaling *** are somewhat different from vertebrates in terms of *** review provides theoretical guidance about autotomy and regeneration applied in artificial aquaculture,and we offer several suggestions for future research on autotomy and regeneration in crustaceans.

关键词： autotomy regeneration appendages crustaceans

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Pressure-Tunable Large Anomalous Hall Effect in Ferromagnetic Metal LiMn_(6)Sn_(6)

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Chinese Physics Letters 2024年第5期41卷 69-76页

作者：高玲玲赖俊文陈栋裴翠颖王琦赵毅李昌华曹渭征吴珏霏陈宇林陈星秋孙岩 Claudia Felser 齐彦鹏 School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai 201210China Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China Max Planck institute for Chemical Physics of Solids Dresden 01187Germany College of Physics Qingdao UniversityQingdao 266071China ShanghaiTech Laboratory for Topological Physics ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai 201210China Department of Physics Clarendon LaboratoryUniversity of OxfordParks RoadOxford OX13PUUK School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaShenyang 110016China Shanghai Key Laboratory of High-resolution Electron Microscopy ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai 201210China

Recently, giant intrinsic anomalous Hall effect(AHE) has been observed in the materials with kagome ***, we systematically investigate the influence of high pressure on the AHE in the ferromagnet LiMn_(6)Sn_(6) with clean Mn kagome lattice. Our in situ high-pressure Raman spectroscopy indicates that the crystal structure of LiMn_(6)Sn_(6) maintains a hexagonal phase under high pressures up to 8.51 GPa. The anomalous Hall conductivity(AHC) σ_(xy)^(A) remains around 150 Ω^(-1)·cm^(-1), dominated by the intrinsic mechanism. Combined with theoretical calculations, our results indicate that the stable AHE under pressure in Li Mn_(6)Sn_(6) originates from the robust electronic and magnetic structure.

关键词： structure mechanism intrinsic

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Revealing the specific regulations of nitric oxide on the postharvest ripening and senescence of bitter melon fruit

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aBIOTECH 2024年第1期5卷 29-45页

作者： Hongwei Wang Ling Li Lili Ma Alisdair R.Fernie Anzhen Fu Chunmei Bai Zhaoze Sang Susu Guo Fan Zhang Qing Wang Yanyan Zheng Jinhua Zuo Key Laboratory of Vegetable Postharvest Processing Ministry of AgricultureBeijing Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetable Storage and ProcessingKey Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops(North China)of Ministry of AgricultureKey Laboratory of Urban Agriculture(North)of Ministry of AgricultureBeijing Vegetable Research CenterInstitute of Agro-Products Processing and Food NutritionBeijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesBeijing 100097China College of Food Science and Biotechnology Tianjin Agricultural UniversityTianjin 300392China Max Planck institute of Molecular Plant Physiology 14476 Potsdam GolmGermany institute of Food Science and Technology Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina

Bitter melon fruit is susceptible to yellowing,softening,and rotting under room-temperature storage conditions,resulting in reduced commercial *** oxide(NO)is an important signaling molecule and plays a crucial role in regulating the fruit postharvest *** this study,we investigated the effects of NO treatment on changes in sensory and firmness of bitter melon fruit during postharvest ***,transcriptomic,metabolomic,and proteomic analyses were performed to elucidate the regulatory mechanisms through which No treatment delays the ripening and senescence of bitter melon *** results show that differentially expressed genes(DEGs)were involved in fruit texture(CSLE,β-Gal,and PME),plant hormone signal transduction(ACS,JAR4,and AUX28),and fruit flavor and aroma(SUS2,LOX,and GDH2).In addition,proteins differentially abundant were associated with fruit texture(PLY,PME,and PGA)and plant hormone signal transduction(PBL15,JAR1,and PYL9).Moreover,No significantly increased the abundance of key enzymes involved in the phenylpropanoid biosynthetic pathway,thus enhancing the disease resistance and alleviating softening of bitter melon ***,differential metabolites mainly included phenolic acids,terpenoids,and *** results provide a theoretical basis for further studies on the physiological changes associated with postharvest ripening and senescence of bitter melon fruit.

关键词： Bitter melon NO treatment Postharvest Ripening and senescence

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The endoplasmic reticulum membrane protein complex subunit Emc6 is essential for rhodopsin localization and photoreceptor cell survival

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第2期11卷 1035-1049页

作者： Kuanxiang Sun Lu Liu Xiaoyan Jiang Heting Wang Lin Wang Yeming Yang Wenjing Liu Lin Zhang Xiaohui Zhao Xianjun Zhu Health Management Center Sichuan Provincial People's HospitalUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengduSichuan 610072China Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine research Chinese Academy of Sciences and Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine ResearchNorthwest Institute of Plateau BiologyXiningQinghai 810008China The Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study and Department of Laboratory Medicine Center for Medical GeneticsSichuan Provincial People's HospitalUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengduSichuan 610072China research Unit for Blindness Prevention of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU026) Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's HospitalChengduSichuan 610072China Department of Ophthalmology The First People's Hospital of ShangqiuShangqiuHenan 476000China

The endoplasmic reticulum(ER)membrane protein complex(EMC)is responsible for monitoring the biogenesis and synthetic quality of membrane proteins with tail-anchored or multiple transmembrane *** EMC subunit EMC6 is one of the core members of EMC and forms an enclosed hydrophilic vestibule in cooperation with *** studies demonstrating that deletion of EMC3 led to rhodopsin mislocalization in rod photoreceptors of mice,the precise mechanism leading to the failure of rhodopsin trafficking remains ***,we generated the first rod photoreceptor-specific knockout of Emc6(RKO)and cone photoreceptor-specific knockout of Emc6(CKO)mouse *** of Emc6 in rod photoreceptors led to progressive shortening of outer segments(OS),impaired visual function,mislocalization and reduced expression of rhodopsin,and increased gliosis in rod *** addition,CKO mice displayed the progressive death of cone photoreceptors and abnormal localization of cone opsin ***,proteomics analysis of the RKO mouse retina illustrated that several cilium-related proteins,particularly anoctamin-2(ANO2)and transmembrane protein 67(TMEM67),were significantly down-regulated prior to OS *** rod photoreceptor cilia and mislocalized membrane disc proteins were evident in RKO *** data revealed that in addition to monitoring the synthesis of rhodopsin-dominated membrane disc proteins,EMC6 also impacted rod photoreceptors'ciliogenesis by regulating the synthesis of membrane proteins associated with cilia,contributing to the mislocalization of membrane disc proteins.

关键词： ANO2 Cilium EMC6 ER membrane protein complex Mislocalization Photoreceptor degeneration TMEM67

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Mitogenome-based phylogeny of mosquitoes(Diptera:Culicidae)

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Insect Science 2024年第2期31卷 599-612页

作者： De-Hong Chen Shu-Lin He Wen-Bo Fu Zhen-Tian Yan Yun-Jian Hu Huan Yuan Ming-Bin Wang Bin Chen Chongqing Key Laboratory of Vector Insects Institute of Entomology and Molecular BiologyChongqing Normal UniversityChongqingChina

Mosquitoes are of great medical significance as vectors of many deadly *** have been widely used in phylogenetic studies,but mitogenome knowledge within the family Culicidae is limited,and Culicidae phylogeny is far from *** this study,we surveyed the mitogenomes of 149 Culicidae species,including 7 newly sequenced *** analysis of 149 mosquito mitogenomes shows gene composition and order to be identical to that of an ancestral insect,and the AT bias,length variation,and codon usage are all consistent with that of other reported Dipteran *** analyses based on the DNA sequences of the 13 protein-coding genes from the 149 species robustly support the monophyly of the subfamily Anophelinae and the tribes Aedini,Culicini,Mansonini,Sabethini,and *** resolve ambiguous relationships between clades within the subfamily Culicinae,we performed topological tests and show that Aedini is a sister to Culicini and that Uranotaenini is a sister to(Mansonini)+(Toxorhynchitini+Sabethini).In addition,we estimated divergence times using a Bayesian relaxation clock based on the sequence data and 3 fossil calibration *** results show mosquitoes diverged during the Early Jurassic with massive Culicinae radiations during the Cretaceous,coincident with the emergence of angiosperms and the burst of mammals and ***,this study,which uses the largest number of Culicidae mitogenomes sequenced to date,comprehensively reveals the mitogenome characteristics and mitogenome-based phylogeny and divergence times of Culicidae,providing information for further studies on the mitogenome,phylogeny,evolution,and taxonomic revision of Culicidae.

关键词： characterization Culicidae evolution mitogenomes mosquitoes phylogeny

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Comparison and rigidity theorems for the volume and diameter of positively curved K?hler manifolds

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2024年

作者： Ved DATAR Harish SESHADRI Department of Mathematics Indian Institute of Science

We survey recent results on the volume and diameter of positively curved Ka¨hler ***, the K¨ahler analogues of the Bishop volume comparison theorem and the equality case of the Myers-Bonnet diameter theorem were est...

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