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Sustaining health workforce recruitment and retention in township hospitals： a survey on 110 directors of township hospitals

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Frontiers of Medicine 2015年第2期9卷 239-250页

作者： Jingmin Zheng Jie Li Xingxing Jiang Bin Zhang Department of Social Medicine School of Public Health Chongqing Medical University Chongqing 400016 China Department of health Policy Research School of Public Health Chongqing Medical University Chongqing 400016 China

Township hospitals, the main provider of rural primary healthcare in China, are severely understaffed. International studies on factors influencing rural working are increasing; however, studies on factors affecting the recruitment and retention of health workers in Chinese township hospitals are limited. The current study aims to understand the motivation of health workers and arrive at a systematic framework of pluralistic factors that would help support health workers in terms of receiving posts and remaining in posts in township hospitals. A three-stage integrated quantitative and qualitative methodology was employed. First, a survey on 120 directors of township hospitals was conducted to learn the latest status of health workers in township hospitals and distinguish existing problems. Second, after sending these problems back to the directors, an open-ended pen-and-paper survey was conducted to ask the directors to identify the factors influencing the attraction and retention of health workers in township hospitals. Third, four focus groups were conducted to gauge the underlying reasons. Five problems from the questionnaire survey were recognized, and numbers of thematic factors were identified at the individual, professional, and treatment environment from the pen-and-paper survey and focus group. Similar to other studies, this framing of both non-financial and financial elements affected the attraction and retention of health workers in township hospitals, thereby filling the gap in a Chinese context. Although several factors had been recognized earlier, our findings further highlighted the importance of these factors. Meanwhile, the factors identified in this study were barely explored in literature. This paper identifies and develops multi-faceted factors to call for a bundled package of multidimensional incentives if decision-makers get interested. The evidence-based findings in our study can be used to provide China-specific policy recommendations on how

关键词： recruitment retention health workers township hospitals rural regions

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Performance of common imaging techniques vs serum biomarkers in assessing fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B: A systematic review and meta-analysis

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2019年第15期7卷 2022-2037页

作者： Xue-Ying Xu Wu-Sheng Wang Qi-Meng Zhang Jun-Ling Li Jin-Bin Sun Tian-Tian Qin Hong-Bo Liu Department of Epidemiology and health Statistics School of Public Health China Medical University

BACKGROUND Noninvasive biomarkers have been developed to predict hepatitis B virus(HBV)related fibrosis owing to the significant limitations of liver *** serum biomarkers and imaging techniques have shown promising results and may improve the evaluation of liver ***,most of the previous studies focused on the diagnostic effects of various imaging techniques on fibrosis in all chronic liver *** To compare the performance of common imaging methods and serum biomarkers for prediction of significant fibrosis caused only by HBV *** A systematic review was conducted on the records available in PubMed,EMBASE,and the Cochrane Library electronic databases until December *** systematically assessed the effectiveness of two serum biomarkers and three imagine techniques in predicting significant fibrosis solely caused by HBV *** serum biomarkers included aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index(APRI)and fibrosis index based on the 4 factors(FIB-4).The three imaging techniques included acoustic radiation force impulse(ARFI),FibroScan,and magnetic resonance elastography(MRE).Three parameters,the area under the summary receiver operating characteristic curve(AUSROC),the summary diagnostic odds ratio,and the summary sensitivity and specificity,were used to examine the accuracy of all tests for liver *** Out of 2831 articles evaluated for eligibility,204 satisfied the predetermined inclusion criteria for this current ***,our final data contained 81 *** AUSROCs of serum biomarkers of APRI and FIB-4 were both *** imaging techniques(ARFI,FibroScan,and MRE),the areas were 0.89,0.83,and 0.97,*** heterogeneities of ARFI and FibroScan were statistically significant(I2>50%).The publication bias was not observed in any of the serum biomarkers or imaging *** These five methods have attained an acceptable level of diagnostic *** techniques,

关键词： Hepatitis B virus Diagnostic test Imaging technology Liver fibrosis Metaanalysis

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Short-Term Exposure to Ambient Ozone and Outpatient Visits for Respiratory Diseases-5 Cities, China, 2013−2015

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China CDC weekly 2020年第45期2卷 878-881,I0001,I0002页

作者： Yue Niu Cong Liu Renjie Chen Haidong Kan Department of Environmental health School of Public HealthFudan UniversityShanghaiChina

Summary What is already known about this topic?Few studies have elucidated the relationships between ambient ozone and respiratory morbidity,especially in developing *** is added by this report?This study involved 5 cities in China with a wide variation in ozone concentrations and therefore could add credible evidence for the associations between short-term ozone exposure and increased respiratory morbidity.

关键词： ozone Ozone ambient

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Cross-Sectional Online Survey on Depression and Anxiety Among the Population Infected or Non-Infected with COVID-19——China,December 2022

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China CDC weekly 2023年第11期5卷 235-240页

作者： Tingting Qin Xingming Li Mingyu Gu Yao Wang Yutong Yang Xinyuan Bai Kun Qiao school of public health Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina

Summary What is already known about this topic?The psychological impact of the large-scale infection of the population resulting from the end of lockdown measures in China during the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic is *** is added by this report?Among all participants,55.7%had depression symptoms,with a significant difference between the infected and non-infected groups,and 30.1%had *** who were young,unvaccinated,had lower incomes,and experienced chronic diseases were more likely to experience negative *** are the implications for public health practice?Government officials should take into account the effect of policies on public sentiment during similar public health events and implement tailored community interventions to address any negative sentiment.

关键词： Infect likely Population

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Global Epidemic of Ebola Virus Disease and the Importation Risk into China: An Assessment Based on the Risk Matrix Method

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2023年第1期36卷 86-93页

作者： SHANG Wei Jing JING Wen Zhan LIU Jue LIU Min school of public health Peking UniversityBeijing 100191China

Objective To analyze the global epidemic status of the Ebola virus disease(EVD) and assess the importation risk into *** Data from World health Organization reports were used. We described the global epidemic status of EVD from 1976–2021, and assessed and ranked the importation risk of EVD from the diseaseoutbreaking countries into China using the risk matrix and Borda count methods, *** From 1976–2021, EVD mainly occurred in western and central Africa, with the highest cumulative number of cases(14,124 cases) in Sierra Leone, and the highest cumulative fatality rate(85%) in the Congo. Outbreaks of EVD have occurred in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Guinea since 2018. The importation risk into China varies across countries with outbreaks of *** Democratic Republic of the Congo had an extremely high risk(23 Borda points), followed by Guinea and Liberia. Countries with a moderate importation risk were Nigeria, Uganda, Congo, Sierra Leone,Mali, and Gabon, while countries with a low importation risk included Sudan, Senegal, and Co te d’*** China is under the risk of EVD importation with the globalization and severe epidemic status of EVD. Key attention need to be paid to the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Guinea, and Liberia. Therefore, it is necessary to prevent and prepare in advance for importation risk in China.

关键词： Ebola virus disease Infectious disease Importation risk Risk matrix method

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Cesarean section and risk of childhood leukemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2020年第5期16卷 471-479页

作者： Li-Li Jiang Yin-Yan Gao Wen-Bo He Ting Gan Hou-Qian Shan Xue-Mei Han school of public health Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 73000China

Background A large number of studies pointed that being delivered by cesarean section(CS)would affect the health outcomes of offspring,however,whether CS would affect the risk of childhood leukemia remained *** study conducted a meta-analysis to quantitatively evaluate whether being delivered by CS would influence the onset of childhood *** PubMed,Embase and Web of Science databases were searched from 3rd June,1950 to 13th October,2019 to identify the literature,which examined the relationship between CS and childhood *** study used Newcastle-Ottawa Scale to assess the quality of *** analyses were conducted on region,mode of delivery,design of the study and number of confounders ***'s test and Begg's test were performed to evaluate possible publication *** The pooled odds ratio(OR)estimates illustrated that children delivered by CS had a higher risk of developing leukemia[OR 1.10,95%confidence interval(CI)1.04-1.17,P=0.002]and lymphoblastic leukemia(OR 1.12,95%CI 1.03-1.23,P=0.009),while a significant association for myeloid leukemia was not observed(OR 1.05,95%CI 0.92-1.20,P=0.451).Results of subgroup analyses indicated that elective CS would increase the risk of childhood lymphoblastic leukemia(OR 1.16,95%CI 1.06-1.27,P=0.002).However,a statistical relationship between emergency CS and lymphoblastic leukemia was not observed(OR 1.07,95%CI 0.93-1.23,P=0.364).Conclusions CS would increase the risk of childhood lymphoblastic *** is worth noting that subgroup analyses shows that elective CS rather than emergency CS increases the risk of lymphoblastic leukemia in offspring.

关键词： Cesarean section Leukemia Lymphoblastic leukemia Meta-analysis

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China CDC Weekly:Bridging the Global and Chinese public health Communities

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China CDC weekly 2019年第3期1卷 43-44页

作者： Xi Chen Yale school of public health China health Policy and Management Society

I would like to offer my hearty congratulations and gratitude for the inaugural publishing of China CDC Weekly,a timely platform for disseminating public health advances,enhancing public awareness,catalyzing scalable ... 详细信息

关键词： Pioneer CDC publishing

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Association between Phthalate Exposure and the Use of Plastic Containers in Shanghai Adults

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2017年第10期30卷 727-736页

作者： DONG Rui Hua ZHANG Han ZHANG Mei Ru CHEN Jing Si WU Min LI Shu Guang CHEN Bo Key Laboratory of public health Safety of Ministry of Education Collaborative Innovation Center of Social Risks Governance in HealthSchool of Public HealthFudan UniversityShanghai 200032China

Objective Consuming phthalates may be due to the presence of food contact materials, such as plastic containers. In this study, we investigated the association between plastic container use and phthalate exposure in 2,140 Shanghai adults. Methods Participants completed a questionnaire on the frequency of using plastic containers in different scenarios in the previous year （e.g., daily, weekly） and on the consumption of plastic-packaged foods in the previous three days （yes or no）. Urinary phthalate metabolites were used to assess the association between phthalate exposure and the use of plastic containers. Results The metabolites of di-（2-ethylhexyl） phthalate （DEHP） were the most frequently detected in urine. The results revealed that phthalate exposure was associated with consumption of plastic-packaged breakfast or processed food items in the previous three days. The consumption of these two food items had strong synergistic effects on increasing urinary concentrations of most phthalate metabolites. Conclusion Our results of plastic-packaged breakfast and processed food may be explained by the use of flexible plastic containers, indicating the importance of risk assessment for the application of flexible plastic containers.

关键词： Phthalate exposure assessment Food contact materials Flexible plastic containers Plastic-packaged breakfast Plastic-packaged processed food

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Association between Pre-pregnancy Body Mass Index and Offspring Neuropsychological Development from 1 to 24 Months of Age: A Birth Cohort Study in China

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2019年第10期32卷 730-738页

作者： CAO Lu Jia LIN Hong Yan LIANG Xuan CHEN Yong Jie LIU Yu Yan ZHENG Yu Zhi WANG Xin Yan LI Wen YAN Jing HUANG Guo Wei Department of Nutrition and Food Science School of Public HealthTianjin Medical UniversityTianjin 300070China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment Nutrition and Public HealthTianjin 300070China Department of Epidemiology and Statistics School of Public HealthTianjin Medical UniversityTianjin 300070China Department of Social Medicine and health Administration School of Public HealthTianjin Medical UniversityTianjin 300070China

Objective To explore the interactions between pre-pregnancy body mass index(BMI) and age on offspring neuropsychological development from 1 to 24 months in *** In this birth cohort study, a total of 2,253 mother-child pairs were enrolled in Tianjin, China,between July 2015 and May 2018. The China Developmental Scale for Children was used to assess developmental quotient(DQ) of children aged from 1 to 24 *** Mixed-models analysis revealed significant age × pre-pregnancy BMI interactions for total DQ and five neurobehavioral domains(gross motor, fine motor, adaptive, language, and social;P < 0.001).Age × pre-pregnancy BMI ≥ 25 kg/m^2 was associated with a negative effect on total DQ and five neurobehavioral domains, as compared to pre-pregnancy BMI < 25 kg/m^2(P < 0.01). Multiple comparisons showed pre-pregnancy BMI ≥ 25 kg/m^2 of mothers had a positive effect on child total DQ at the age of 1 month but a negative effect at 24 months(P < 0.05).Conclusions This study supported the age × pre-pregnancy BMI interaction on offspring neuropsychological development. It also revealed a short-term positive impact of high pre-pregnancy BMI on neuropsychological development at 1 month of age, but a long-term negative effect(from 1 to24 months).

关键词： Pre-pregnancy BMI Neuropsychological development Offspring The first 1,000 days Birth cohort study

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Liver metabonomics study on the protective effect of glycyrrhetinic acid against realgar-induced liver injury

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2020年第2期18卷 138-147页

作者： HUO Tao-Guang FANG Ying ZHANG Ying-Hua FENG Cong JIANG Hong Department of health Laboratory Technology School of Public HealthChina Medical UniversityShenyang 110122China

Glycyrrhetinic acid(GA)is the bioactive ingredient in Glycyrrhizae Radix et *** previous study has reported that GA has protective effect on realgar-induced ***,the details of the hepatoprotective mechanisms of GA on realgar-induced liver injury remain to be *** the study,mice were divided into control,GA-control,realgar,and co-treated *** liver tissues were used for metabonomics study by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(UPLCMS)*** results illustrate that GA significantly ameliorate the liver injury and metabolic perturbations caused by *** metabolites,such as phenylalanine,pyroglutamic acid(PGA),proline,carnitine,nicotinamide,choline,lysophosphatidylcholine(LPC)16:0 and LPC 18:2 were found responsible for the hepatoprotective effect of *** metabolites are associated with the methylation metabolism of arsenic,cell membrane structure,energy metabolism and oxidative *** the results of this study,we infer that the potential hepatoprotective mechanism of GA on realgar-induced liver injury may be associated with reducing arsenic accumulation and its methylation metabolism in the liver,promoting the conjugation of arsenic and GSH to play detoxification effect,and ameliorating the liver metabolic perturbations caused by realgar.

关键词： Metabonomics Glycyrrhetinic acid Realgar Liver UPLC-MS

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