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improving antibiotic prescribing in the emergency department for uncomplicated community-acquired pneumonia

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2020年第4期11卷 199-205页

作者： Rebekah Shaw Erica Popovsky Alyssa Abo Marni Jacobs Nicole Herrera James Chamberlain AndreaHahn Division of Pediatrics Children’s National Health SystemWashingtonDCUSA Division of Emergency Medicine Children’s National Health SystemWashingtonDCUSA department of Pediatrics George Washington University School of Medicine and Health SciencesWashingtonDCUSA Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology Children’s National Health SystemWashingtonDCUSA Division of Infectious Diseases Children’s National Health SystemWashingtonDCUSA

BACKGROUND:The Pediatric Infectious Disease Society(PIDS)and Infectious Disease Society of America(IDSA)published an evidence-based guideline for the treatment of uncomplicated communityacquired pneumonia(CAP)in children,recommending aminopenicillins as the first-line *** guideline compliance with 10%–50%of patients admitted to the hospital receiving narrow-spectrum antibiotics has been reported.A new clinical practice guideline(CPG)was implemented in our emergency department(ED)for uncomplicated *** aim of this study was to examine baseline knowledge and ED provider prescribing patterns pre-and post-CPG ***:Prior to CPG-implementation,an anonymous case-based survey was distributed to evaluate knowledge of the current PIDS/IDSA guideline.A retrospective chart review of patients treated in the ED for CAP from January 2015 to February 2017 was performed to assess prescribing patterns for intravenous(IV)antibiotics in the ED at Children’s National health System pre-and post-CPG ***:ED providers were aware of the PIDS/IDSA guideline recommendations,with 86.4%of survey responders selecting ampicillin as the initial antibiotic of ***,only 41.2%of patients admitted to the hospital with uncomplicated CAP pre-CPG received ampicillin(P<0.01).There was no statistically signifi cant increase in ampicillin prescribing post-CPG(P=0.40).CONCLUSIONS:Providers in the ED are aware of the PIDS/IDSA guideline regarding the first-line therapy for uncomplicated CAP;however,this knowledge does not translate into clinical *** of a CPG in isolation did not significantly change prescribing patterns for uncomplicated CAP.

关键词： Antibiotics Community-acquired pneumonia Emergency department Pediatrics

Prevention of Local Liver Cancer Recurrence after Surgery Using Multilayered Cisplatin-loaded Polylactide Electrospun Nanofibers

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2014年第8期32卷 1111-1118页

作者： Yan Zhang Shi Liu Xue Wang Zhi-yun Zhang Xia-bin Jing 张平谢志刚 The First Hospital of Jilin University State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences The University of Chinese Academy of Sciences health improving department China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University

In this study a cisplatin-loaded, multilayered polylactide （PLA） electrospun nanofibers, with the structure of two layers of drug-loaded mat being sandwiched by three layers of blank mat, were designed for prolonged cisplatin release at surgical margin to prevent local cancer recurrence following surgical resection in a murine model. In vivo drug release and biodistribution study suggested that the multilayered fibrous mat displayed a slower cisplatin release behavior and a more stable drug rentention in the local tissue within 24 h than that of single-layered fibrous mat. By covering the surgical site with the multilayered fibrous mat following resection of subcutaneous liver cancer in mice, retarded tumor recurrence, prolonged survival time and less systemic toxicity were observed compared with other treatment groups.

关键词： Liver cancer Local recurrence Multilayered nanofibers Cisplatin.

Analysis of the diversity and function of the alleles of the rice blast resistance genes Piz-t, Pita and Pik in 24 rice cultivars

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2016年第7期15卷 1423-1431页

作者： WANG Yan ZHAO Jia-ming ZHANG Li-xia WANG Ping WANG Shi-wei WANG Hui WANG Xiao-xi LIU Zhi-heng ZHENG Wen-jing Plant Protection College Shenyang Agricultural University Agricultural Crops Molecular improving Laboratory Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences department of Plant Pathology China Agricultural University

Understanding the sequence diversity of rice blast resistance genes is important for breeding new resistant rice cultivars against the rice blast fungusMagnaporthe oryzae. In this study, we selected 24 rice cultivars with different genetic back-grounds to study the alelic diversity of rice blast resistance genesPiz-t, Pitaand Pik. For Piz-t, a total of 17 alelic types were found within the 24 cultivars. Blast inoculations showed that most of the mutations can affect the function of the resistance gene. For Pita, except for the difference at the 918th amino acid, a majority of the 21 mutations were detected among the cultivars. Inoculations with blast isolates carryingAvr-Pita revealed that cultivars with mutations in other sites except for the 918th amino acid did not affect the function of thePita gene. ForPik, a total of six alelic types were found within the 24 cultivars, but ifve of them lost the function of the resistance gene. In addition, we found thatPiz-t, Pita and Pik were expressed constitutively in the 24 rice cultivars and the expression level was not related to resistance. Our results have provided the sequence diversity information of the resistance genesPiz-t, Pita and Pik among the popular rice cultivars grown in the northeast region of China. Keywords：resistance gene, avirulence gene, aleles, function, genetic evolution zae（M. oryzae）, is one of the most destructive diseases in rice production worldwide. Over the years, comprehensive studies on rice blast resistance have been conducted （Silue et al. 1992）. The resistance in newly cultivated rice cultivars to M. oryzae can be lost quickly due to the high level of instability in the genome of the fungus （Bonmanet al. 1992）. Previous studies show that cultivars with durable and broad-spectrum resistance againstM. oryzae carry multiple major resistance （R） and minor resistance genes （Liuet al. 2014）. An effective way to control rice blast disease is, therefore, to breed rice cultivars with multiple R

关键词： resistance gene avirulence gene aleles function genetic evolution

improving postoperative outcomes in patients with pancreatic cancer:Inflammatory and nutritional biomarkers

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2025年第1期16卷 59-64页

作者： Chun-Han Cheng Wen-Rui Hao Tzu-Hurng Cheng department of Medical Education Linkou Chang Gung Memorial HospitalTaoyuan 33305Taiwan Division of Cardiology Department of Internal MedicineShuang Ho HospitalMinistry of Health and WelfareTaipei Medical UniversityNew Taipei 23561Taiwan Division of Cardiology Department of Internal MedicineSchool of MedicineCollege of MedicineTaipei Medical UniversityTaipei 11002Taiwan department of Biochemistry School of MedicineCollege of MedicineChina Medical UniversityTaichung 404328Taiwan

This editorial assesses the prognostic value of preoperative inflammatory and nutritional biomarkers in patients undergoing surgical resection for pancreatic *** et al evaluated the ability of seven biomarkers to predict postoperative recovery and long-term *** biomarkers were albumin-to-globulin ratio,prognostic nutritional index(PNI),systemic immune-inflammation index,neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio,platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio,nutritional risk index,and geriatric nutritional risk *** PNI was found to be a strong predictor of both overall and recurrence-free survival,underscoring its clinical relevance in managing patients with pancreatic cancer.

关键词： Pancreatic cancer Prognostic nutritional index Systemic immune-inflammation index Postoperative recovery Prognosis

Enhanced solid-electrolyte interface efficiency for practically viable hydrogen-air fuel cell systems

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 356-368页

作者： Venkitesan Sakthivel Dong Jin Yoo Graduate School Department of Energy Storage/Conversion Engineering (BK21 FOUR) Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Research Center Jeonbuk National University Jeonju department of Life Science Jeonbuk National University

Proton exchange membrane fuel cells （PEMFCs） provide an appealing sustainable energy system,with the solid-electrolyte membrane playing a crucial role in its overall ***,sulfonated poly（1,4-phenylene ether-ether sulfone）(SPEES),an aromatic hydrocarbon polymer,has garnered considerable attention as an alternative to Nafion ***,the long-term durability and stability of SPEES present a significant *** this context,we introduce a potential solution in the form of an additive,specifically a core–shell-based amine-functionalized iron titanate （A–Fe2TiO5）,which holds promise for improving the lifetime,proton conductivity,and power density of SPEES in *** modified SPEES/A–Fe2TiO5composite membranes exhibited notable characteristics,including high water uptake,enhanced thermomechanical stability,and oxidative ***,the SPEES membrane loaded with 1.2 wt%of A–Fe2TiO5demonstrates a maximum proton conductivity of 155 mS cm-1,a twofold increase compared to the SPEES membrane,at 80°C under 100%relative humidity （RH）.Furthermore,the 1.2 wt%of A–Fe2TiO5/SPEES composite membranes exhibited a maximum power density of 397.37 mW cm-2and a current density of 1148 mA cm-2at 60°C under 100%RH,with an opencircuit voltage decay of 0.05 m V/h during 103 h of continuous *** study offers significant insights into the development and understanding of innovative SPEES nanocomposite membranes for PEMFC applications.

关键词： Acid-base Hybrid membrane Proton conductivity Polymer electrolyte fuel cell Single-cell performance

Influence of solution concentration and temperature on the dissolution process and the internal structure of glauberite

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2018年第11期25卷 1246-1255页

作者： Yan-mei Yu Wei-guo Liang Ji-shan Liu Mining Technology Institute Taiyuan University of Technology Key Lab of In-situ Property-improving Mining of Ministry of Education Taiyuan University of Technology department of Chemical Engineering School of EngineeringThe University of Western Australia

Although transport in porous media under the influence of chemistry and temperature is a common phenomenon, the dissolution and internal structure evolution of glauberite during in-situ mining have been unique and challenging. This uniqueness indicates the complexity of mineral dissolutions, whereas the challenge represents the characterization of pore development and evolution during the dissolution processes. To investigate the microstructure development of glauberite under the influence of chemistry and temperature, experimental studies were performed with fine cuboid specimens of 4 mm × 4 mm × 9 mm soaked in solutions of different concentrations(fresh water, half-saturated, and saturated brine). The evolutions of internal structures were monitored through a micro computed tomography system. The statistical analysis indicated that the concentration and temperature of solutions significantly influenced the evolutions of pore size, porosity, and specific surface area of glauberite. The results showed that the increase in the rates of pore size, porosity, and specific surface area declined with time when glauberite was saturated in fresh water. The main reason for pore parameter variation is the differential concentration of solution. However, in the half-saturated and saturated solutions, the increase in rate increased with time. These observations suggest that the chloride ions contained in the saline solution could facilitate the dissolution of glauberite, whereas the existence of salt effect could contribute to the dissolution of calcium sulfate. Compared with the results at 20?C and 65?C, the studied parameters of glauberite have dramatically decreased when the mineral was soaked in the solutions at high temperature(95?C). This function was most striking in fresh water. The dissolution of glauberite soaked in fresh water or half-saturated brine solution was conditioned by the temperature and solution concentration. However, the dissolution of glauberite was les

关键词： solution mining porosity evolution glauberite dissolution pore characterization

Numerical Aspects of Isogeometric Boundary Element Methods:(Nearly)Singular Quadrature,Trimmed NURBS and Surface Crack Modeling

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2022年第1期130卷 513-542页

作者： Xuan Peng Haojie Lian department of Mechanical Engineering Suzhou University of Science and TechnologySuzhou215009China Key Laboratory of In-situ Property-improving Mining of Ministry of Education Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan030024China

This work presents some numerical aspects of isogeometric boundary element methods(IGABEM).The behavior of hyper-singular and nearly-singular integration is first explored on the distorted NURBS *** numerical treatments are proposed to enhance the quadrature in the framework of isogeometric *** a numerical implementation of IGABEM on the trimmed NURBS is *** on this idea,the surface crack problem is modeled incorporation with the phantom element *** proposed method allows the crack to intersect with the boundary of the body while preserving the original parametrization of the NURBS-based CAD geometry.

关键词： Isogeometric analysis trimmed NURBS singular integration boundary element method surface crack

Relation of supplementary feeding to resumptions of menstruation and ovulation in lactating postpartum women

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Chinese Medical Journal 2007年第10期120卷 868-870页

作者： LI Wei QIU Yi department of health Statistics Fourth Military Medical University Xi＇an 710032 China Key Laboratory for improving Birth Outcome Technique Shandong Institute for Family Planning Jinan 250002 China

Background Resumption of menstrual cycles is one of the indicators for restoration of reproductive capability in postpartum women. However, menstruation does not necessarily mean that ovulation has taken place. The aim of this study was to investigate the relation of supplementary feeding to return of menstruation and ovulation after delivery. Methods A questionnaire was used to obtain data from 101 breasffeeding mothers. The following elements were analyzed： age, education level, breasffeeding practice, time of return of menstruation, contraceptive practice, and starting time of supplementary feeding during the lactation at intervals of 6 weeks to 18 months after delivery. The ovulation was continuously monitored by ultrasonography and basal body temperature （BBT） measurement. Results By ultrasonography, 53 of the 101 women （52.5%） had the first ovulation （follicle 〉1.8 cm in diameter） within 154 days after delivery on average, among whom 11 （10.9%, 11/101） had restoration of ovulation within 4 months and 42 （41.6%, 42/101） had it after 4 months. In women with follicles 〉1.8 cm in diameter （n=53）, the menstruation resumed （138±84） days after delivery, and the supplementary feeding was started at （4.0±1.1） months, which were significantly earlier than those in the women with follicular diameter 〈1.7 cm （n=48; （293±88） days, （5.1±1.3） months; t=9.003, P〈0.01 and t=4.566, P〈0.01）. In the women with follicles 〉1.8 cm in diameter, 30 had return of menstruation before the end of ultrasonographic monitoring, while only 8 in the women with follicular diameter 〈1.7 cm had menstrual resumption at the same time （χ^2=16.91, P〈0.01）. The starting time of supplementary feeding was positively correlated with the time of the restoration of menstruation （n=100, r=0.4764, P〈0.01） and first ovulation after delivery （n=53, r=0.5554, P〈0.01）. In this series, no woman had pregnancy within 18 months postpartum. Conclusion Supplementary feeding can affect the restoration of menstrua

关键词： postpartum period menstruation ovulation

Soil organic carbon saturation deficit under primary agricultural managements across major croplands in China

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Ecosystem health and Sustainability 2017年第7期3卷 1-13页

作者： Jiaying Di Wenting Feng Wenju Zhang Andong Cai Minggang Xu National Engineering Laboratory for improving Quality of Arable Land Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional PlanningChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina department of Microbiology and Plant Biology University of OklahomaNormanOKUSA

Introduction:To generate information for the effective management of soil organic carbon(SOC)sequestration in Chinese croplands,we compared the additional organic carbon(C)that can be stabilized by fine soil particles(improving soil fertility,whereas straw return in Chinese croplands should take into account climate mitigation in future.

关键词： Stable organic carbon saturation deficit manure amendment fertilization long-term study paddy soil texture