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Acquired sensorineural hearing loss,oxidative stress,and microRNAs

Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2513-2519页

作者： Desmond A.Nunez Ru C.Guo Division of Otolaryngology–head&neck Surgery Department of SurgeryFaculty of MedicineThe University of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada Division of Otolaryngology–head&neck Surgery Gordon&Leslie Diamond Health Care CentreVancouver General HospitalVancouverBCCanada Faculty of Medicine–The University of British Columbia VancouverBCCanada

Hearing loss is the third leading cause of human ***-related hearing loss,one type of acquired sensorineural hearing loss,is largely responsible for this escalating global health ***-induced,ototoxic,and idiopathic sudden sensorineural are other less common types of acquired hearing *** etiology of these conditions is complex and multi-fa ctorial involving an interplay of genetic and environmental *** stress has recently been proposed as a likely linking cause in most types of acquired sensorineural hearing *** non-coding RNA sequences known as microRNAs(miRNAs)have increasingly been shown to play a role in cellular hypoxia and oxidative stress responses including promoting an apoptotic *** hair cell death is a central histopathological finding in sensorineural hearing *** these cells do not regenerate in humans,it underlies the irreversibility of human age-related hearing *** EMBASE,Ovid MEDLINE,Web of Science Core Collection,and *** databases over the period August 1,2018 to July 31,2023 were searched with"hearing loss,""hypoxamiRs,""hypoxia,""microRNAs,""ischemia,"and"oxidative stress"text words for English language primary study publications or registered clinical *** red clinical trials known to the senior author we re also assessed.A total of 222studies were thus *** excluding duplicates,editorials,retra ctions,secondary research studies,and non-English language articles,39 primary studies and clinical trials underwent full-text *** resulted in 11 animal,in vitro,and/or human subject journal articles and 8 registered clinical trial database entries which form the basis of this narrative *** miR-34a and miR-29b levels increase with age in *** miRNAs were demonstrated in human neuroblastoma and murine cochlear cell lines to target Sirtuin 1/peroxisome proliferato r-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1-alpha(SIRT1/P GC-1α),SIRT

关键词： hearing loss hypoxia microRNAs oxidative stress sensorineural

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Inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammasome attenuates spiral ganglion neuron degeneration in aminoglycoside-induced hearing loss

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第10期20卷 3025-3039页

作者： Jia Fang Zhuangzhuang Li Pengjun Wang Xiaoxu Zhang Song Mao Yini Li Dongzhen Yu Xiaoyan Li Yazhi Xing Haibo Shi Shankai Yin Department of Otolaryngology head and neck Surgery Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineOtolaryngology Institute of Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered BreathingShanghaiChina Department of Otorhinolaryngology-head and neck Surgery Shanghai Children’s HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina

Aminoglycosides are a widely used class of antibacterials renowned for their effectiveness and broad antimicrobial ***,their use leads to irreversible hearing damage by causing apoptosis of hair cells as their direct *** addition,the hearing damage caused by aminoglycosides involves damage of spiral ganglion neurons upon *** investigate the mechanisms underlying spiral ganglion neuron degeneration induced by aminoglycosides,we used a C57BL/6J mouse model treated with *** found that the mice exhibited auditory deficits following the acute loss of outer hair *** ganglion neurons displayed hallmarks of pyroptosis and exhibited progressive degeneration over *** profiling of these neurons showed significant upregulation of genes associated with inflammation and immune response,particularly those related to the NLRP3 *** of the canonical pyroptotic pathway in spiral ganglion neurons was observed,accompanied by infiltration of macrophages and the release of proinflammatory *** intervention targeting NLRP3 using Mcc950 and genetic intervention using NLRP3 knockout ameliorated spiral ganglion neuron degeneration in the injury *** findings suggest that NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis plays a role in aminoglycoside-induced spiral ganglion neuron *** of this pathway may offer a potential therapeutic strategy for treating sensorineural hearing loss by reducing spiral ganglion neuron degeneration.

关键词： degeneration hearing loss macrophages Mcc950 neuroinflammation NLRP3 inflammasome ototoxicity pyroptosis sensorineural hearing loss spiral ganglion neuron

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Foreign Bodies in the Lower Airways: Patient Pathways and Management at the ENT Department of Donka National Hospital, Guinea

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and head & neck Surgery 2025年第1期14卷 39-46页

作者： Ibrahima Diallo Mamadou Mouctar Ramata Diallo Ismaël Dabo Sayon Kourouma Mamadou Aliou Diallo Alseny Camara Alseny Cissé Raphan Mady Kaba Keïta Aminata G. Diallo Mamadou Cellou Bah Youssouf Bapaté Barry Alpha Oumar Barry Abdoulaye Bayo Mohamed Casimir Kaman Abdoulaye Keita Alpha Oumar Diallo Department of ENT-head and neck Surgery Donka National Hospital CHU of Conakry Conakry Guinea Department of ENT-head and neck Surgery Mamou Regional Hospital Mamou Guinea Department of ENT-head and neck Surgery Conakry Military Hospital CHU of Conakry Conakry Guinea Department of ENT-head and neck Surgery Conakry Military University Hospital Conakry Guinea Department of ENT-head and neck Surgery Entag Regional Hospital Conakry Guinea Department of ENT-head and neck Surgery Labe Regional Hospital Labe Guinea Department of ENT-head and neck Surgery NZerekore Regional Hospital NZerekore Guinea Department of ENT-head and neck Surgery Ignace Deen National Hospital CHU of Conakry Conakry Guinea

Introduction: Foreign bodies (FB) in the lower airways (LAs) constitute a potentially life-threatening emergency requiring immediate management. The objective of our study was to describe the patient pathway and management of foreign bodies in the lower airways. Methodology: This was a descriptive study with retrospective data collection conducted over a 6-year period (January 1, 2014, to December 31, 2019) in the ENT and head and neck Surgery Department of Donka National Hospital. Results: We observed a prevalence of 1.79%. The average age was 5.71 years, with a sex ratio of 1.2. However, 82.61% of the cases originated from rural areas. We noted that 78.83% of patients were referred after visiting 1 to 2 healthcare facilities (75.36%). The consultation delay was 3 days. Penetration syndrome was present in 98.56% of cases. The foreign body incidents occurred during play in 54.84% and during meals in 29.09% of cases. Radiographs were performed in 93.9% of cases. Endoscopy was used for both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes in all patients. The foreign bodies were located in the trachea (37.68%), larynx (26.08%), and bronchi (21.73%). Non-organic foreign bodies were predominant (52.17%). Postoperative outcomes were uncomplicated in 95.98% of cases, and the lethality rate was 2.85%. Conclusion: The pathway of patients with foreign bodies in the airways remains unpredictable in our context due to parental hesitations. Early management reduces morbidity and mortality rates.

关键词： Pathway Foreign Bodies Lower Airways Treatment Guinea

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miR-34c-3p Inhibits Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Development via Inhibiting M2 Polarization of Macrophages

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2025年第2期38卷 219-229页

作者： Yuzi Ji Yujie Wang Jiqing Ma Zhihua Yin Fei Liu Yanzi Zang Guangke Wang Yong Tai Department of Otolaryngology head and neck surgery Henan Provincial People’s Hospital(People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University)Zhengzhou 450003HenanChina

Objective miR-34c-3p is down-regulated in nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC).The biological role of miR-34c-3p in NPC and its underlying mechanisms are unknown and were explored in this *** Flow cytometry and immunohistochemical staining were employed to detect cluster of differentiation 86(CD86)and cluster of differentiation 206(CD206)expression;quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR)and western blotting were employed to examine mRNA expression and protein levels;cell counting kit-8(CCK8)and transwell assays were employed to assess cell proliferation,migration,and invasion;and hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining was employed to assess pathological changes in tumor *** Our results revealed that the miR-34c-3p mimic markedly inhibited M2 polarization of macrophages by targeting SLC7A11,and M2 macrophages transfected with the miR-34c-3p mimic inhibited the proliferation,migration,and invasion of NPC *** in vivo experiments further confirmed that miR-34c-3p mimics blocked tumor growth and reduced inflammatory infiltration in tumor *** This study provides novel insights into the pathogenesis of NPC and a new treatment strategy.

关键词： miR-34c-3p M2 macrophages Nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC) SLC7A11

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Tonsil Surgery in the Management of Obstructive Sleep Apnea-Hypopnea Syndrome (OSAHS) in Children at the ENT Department of Ignace Deen National Hospital

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and head & neck Surgery 2025年第1期14卷 29-38页

作者： Ibrahima Diallo Mohamed Kassory Poly Oumou Kaïratou Barry Ismaël Dabo Mama Brigitte Ouoba Alseny Camara Aminata Gadjiko Diallo Souleymane Amadou Camara Amadou Sinayoko Alpha Amadou Diallo Alpha Oumar Diallo Department of ENT-head and neck Surgery Jean Paul II CNFSA Conakry Guinea Gamal Abdel Nasser University Conakry Guinea Department of Pediatrics Hpital National Ignace Deen Conakry Guinea Department of ENT-head and neck Surgery Ignace Deen National Hospital University Hospital Center of Conakry Conakry Guinea Department of ENT-head and neck Surgery Conakry Military Hospital Conakry Guinea Department of ENT-head and neck Surgery Donka National Hospital University Hospital Center of Conakry Conakry Guinea

Introduction: Obstructive Sleep Apnea-Hypopnea Syndrome (OSAHS) is a sleep-related breathing disorder characterized by repeated episodes of partial obstruction of the upper airways (hypopnea) and/or intermittent complete obstruction (apnea). Our aim is to study the role of adeno-tonsillectomy in the management of OSAHS in children. Methodology: This was a prospective descriptive study conducted in the ENT-head and neck Surgery department of Ignace Deen National Hospital over a six-month period. We included in our study all patients aged 0 to 15 years, presenting with OSAHS of ENT etiology and who had undergone tonsillectomy/adenoidectomy. Results: The frequency of OSAHS was 13%. The mean age of our patients was 5.1 ± 3.8 years. There was a predominance of males (69.6%) with a sex ratio of 2.28. Snoring (98.6%), nasal obstruction (97.1%), and mouth breathing (96.6%) were the main reasons for consultation. Adeno-tonsillectomy (45.4%) was the primary surgical intervention. Almost all children (99.0%) had a simple postoperative course. Conclusion: OSAHS is a condition with a multifactorial etiology. Adeno-tonsillectomy remains the first-line surgical treatment to prevent severe complications and relieve the patient. Multidisciplinary collaboration is essential in the management of OSAHS.

关键词： Surgery Adeno-Tonsillectomy OSAHS Child

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Tranylcypromine upregulates Sestrin 2 expression to ameliorate NLRP3-related noise-induced hearing loss

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1483-1494页

作者： Xihang Chen Zhifeng Chen Menghua Li Weiwei Guo Shuolong Yuan Liangwei Xu Chang Lin Xi Shi Wei Chen Shiming Yang Senior Department of Otolaryngology head and neck Surgery Chinese PLA General HospitalChinese PLA Medical SchoolBeijingChina State Key Laboratory of Hearing and Balance Science BeijingChina National Clinical Research Center for Otolaryngologic Diseases BeijingChina Key Laboratory of Hearing Science Ministry of EducationBeijingChina Beijing Key Laboratory of Hearing Impairment Prevention and Treatment BeijingChina Department of Otorhinolaryngology head and neck Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhouFujian ProvinceChina Department of Otolaryngology head and neck Surgery The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese PLALanzhouGansu ProvinceChina Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education School of Pharmaceutical SciencesHainan UniversityHaikouHainan ProvinceChina Academician Workstation of Hainan University School of Pharmaceutical SciencesYazhou BaySanyaHainan ProvinceChina

Noise-induced hearing loss is the primary non-genetic factor contributing to auditory ***,there are currently no effective pharmacological interventions for patients with noise-induced hearing ***,we present evidence suggesting that the lysine-specific demethylase 1 inhibitor–tranylcypromine is an otoprotective agent that could be used to treat noise-induced hearing loss,and elucidate its underlying regulatory *** established a mouse model of permanent threshold shift hearing loss by exposing the mice to white broadband noise at a sound pressure level of 120 d B for 4 *** found that tranylcypromine treatment led to the upregulation of Sestrin2(SESN2)and activation of the autophagy markers light chain 3B and lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 1 in the cochleae of mice treated with *** noise exposure group treated with tranylcypromine showed significantly lower average auditory brainstem response hearing thresholds at click,4,8,and 16 k Hz frequencies compared with the noise exposure group treated with *** findings indicate that tranylcypromine treatment resulted in increased SESN2,light chain 3B,and lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 1 expression after noise exposure,leading to a reduction in levels of 4-hydroxynonenal and cleaved caspase-3,thereby reducing noise-induced hair cell ***,immunoblot analysis demonstrated that treatment with tranylcypromine upregulated SESN2 expression via the autophagy *** treatment also reduced the production of NOD-like receptor family pyrin domaincontaining 3(NLRP3)*** conclusion,our results showed that tranylcypromine treatment ameliorated cochlear inflammation by promoting the expression of SESN2,which induced autophagy,thereby restricting NLRP3-related inflammasome signaling,alleviating cochlear hair cell loss,and protecting hearing *** findings suggest that inhibiting lysine-specific demethylase 1 is a

关键词： 4-hydroxynonenal apoptosis autophagy cleaved caspase-3 inflammation NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3(NLRP3) noise-induced hearing loss oxidative stress Sestrin2 tranylcypromine

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Nasal cavity fungus ball discovered accidentally:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2025年第5期13卷 44-48页

作者： Dae-Neung Lee Dong Hoon Lee Sang Chul Lim Department of Otolaryngology-head and neck Surgery Chonnam National University Medical SchoolChonnam National University Hwasun HospitalHwasun 58128South Korea Department of Otolaryngology-head and neck Surgery Chonnam National University Medical SchoolHwasun HospitalChonnam National University Hwasun HospitalHwasun 58128South Korea Department of Otolaryngology-head and neck Surgery Chonnam National University Medical SchoolKwangju 501190South Korea

BACKGROUND Fungal balls within the nasal cavity are an exceedingly rare clinical entity,typically presenting with nonspecific symptoms or being identified *** SUMMARY This report presents an incidental discovery of a fungal ball in the nasal cavity during routine imaging,with no associated clinical *** This case underscores the importance of considering the possibility of asympto-matic presentations of nasal fungal balls,which may be detected incidentally during imaging evaluations.

关键词： Fungi Mycoses Fungus ball Nasal cavity Nasal surgical procedures Case report

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Current AAV-mediated gene therapy in sensorineural hearing loss

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Fundamental Research 2025年第1期5.0卷 192-202页

作者： Qi, Jieyu Fu, Xiaolong Zhang, Liyan Tan, Fangzhi Li, Nianci Sun, Qiuhan Hu, Xiaojie He, Zuhong Xia, Ming Chai, Renjie State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Zhongda Hospital School of Life Sciences and Technology Advanced Institute for Life and Health Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research Southeast University Nanjing 210096 China Department of Otorhinolaryngology-head and neck Surgery Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University Wuhan 430071 China Department of Otolaryngology Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University Jinan 250021 China Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences Jinan 250021 China Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration Nantong University Nantong 226001 China Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration Chinese Academy of Science Beijing 100101 China Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair Capital Medical University Beijing 100069 China Department of Otolaryngology head and neck Surgery Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu 610072 China

The number of patients with hearing loss is on the rise due to congenital abnormalities, degenerative changes in old age, and acquired injuries such as virus or ototoxic drug-induced diseases. Hearing loss is a refractory and disabling disease that has serious negative effects on quality of life. The pathology of hearing loss in the inner ear is characterized by varying degrees of damage to the cochlear sensory epithelium cells (such as hair cells and supporting cells), stria vascularis (including marginal, intermediate and basal cells) and spiral ganglion neurons. Regeneration or direct repair of damaged cells in the inner ear is an effective way to treat sensorineural deafness. It is currently possible to regenerate hair cells to treat sensorineural hearing loss by FX-322, a small molecule drug in clinical trials. With the development of genetic engineering technology, gene therapy has brought a promising treatment strategy for many previously intractable diseases. Gene therapy has been regarded as a promising method in the treatment and rehabilitation of sensorineural hearing loss, and recombinant adeno-associated virus gene therapy has been widely used in fundamental research into hearing loss treatments. At present, gene therapy for hearing loss is transitioning from feasibility studies to explorations of its safety and its therapeutic potential. The present article reviews the concepts, strategies, and applications of gene therapy mediated by recombinant adeno-associated viruses in the field of hearing loss treatment. © 2022

关键词： Adeno-associated virus Auditory repair Cochlea Gene therapy Hearing loss

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Trimetallic mesoporous PdCuRu for efficient formate electrosynthesis from polyethylene terephthalate recycling

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Science China Chemistry 2025年

作者： Yuting Li Huiqin Yao Lizhi Sun Shu Han Xiaoxiang Xu Guangyin Fan Ben Liu College of Chemistry and Materials Science Sichuan Normal University Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Sichuan University School of Basic Medical Sciences Ningxia Medical University Department of Otorhinolaryngology-head and neck Surgery Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University

Electrochemical recycling of waste polyethylene terephthalate（PET） plastics represents a green and sustainable route to produce valuable fuels and address serious environmental issues. Despite some encouraged achievements, their progress is still slower because of the lack of highly active and selective electrocatalysts. Here, we reported an efficient PET recycling route with trimetallic PdCuRu mesoporous nanospheres（MSs） as a high-performance electrocatalyst that achieved selective electrosynthesis of valuable formate from PET hydrolysate（PETH） electrooxidation. Penetrated metal mesopores and trimetallic compositions of PdCuRu MSs synergistically optimized electronic structures of Pd sites and changed chemisorption properties of intermediates, which disclosed a high formate Faradic efficiency of 97% and impressive yield rate of 0.49 mmol h-1cm-2in an alkaline solution. Meanwhile, this electrocatalyst held good electrocatalytic stability, retaining high formate Faradic efficiency and yield rate even being performed for 10 cycles, which highlighted its potential applications for practical PET recycling. Our study provides a powerful strategy for designing high-performance electrocatalysts toward selective electro-synthesis of valuable fuels from various waste plastics.

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Predicting Diabetic Retinopathy Using a Machine Learning Approach Informed by Whole-Exome Sequencing Studies

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2025年第1期38卷 67-78页

作者： Chongyang She Wenying Fan Yunyun Li Yong Tao Zufei Li Department of Ophthalmology Beijing Chao-Yang HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100020China Beijing Tongren Eye Center Beijing Tongren HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100176China Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck SurgeryBeijing Chao-Yang HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100020China

Objective To establish and validate a novel diabetic retinopathy(DR)risk-prediction model using a whole-exome sequencing(WES)-based machine learning(ML)*** WES was performed to identify potential single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)or mutation sites in a DR pedigree comprising 10 members.A prediction model was established and validated in a cohort of 420 type 2 diabetic patients based on both genetic and demographic *** contribution of each feature was assessed using Shapley Additive explanation *** efficacies of the models with and without SNP were *** WES revealed that seven SNPs/mutations(rs116911833 in TRIM7,1997T>C in LRBA,1643T>C in PRMT10,rs117858678 in C9orf152,rs201922794 in CLDN25,rs146694895 in SH3GLB2,and rs201407189 in FANCC)were associated with ***,the model including rs146694895 and rs201407189 achieved better performance in predicting DR(accuracy:80.2%;sensitivity:83.3%;specificity:76.7%;area under the receiver operating characteristic curve[AUC]:80.0%)than the model without these SNPs(accuracy:79.4%;sensitivity:80.3%;specificity:78.3%;AUC:79.3%).Conclusion Novel SNP sites associated with DR were identified in the DR *** of rs146694895 and rs201407189 significantly enhanced the performance of the ML-based DR prediction model.

关键词： Machine learning Diabetic retinopathy Whole exome sequencing Type 2 diabetes mellitus

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