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HIV Infection and Associated Factors Among Out-of-School MSM Aged 16–24 Years—6 Cities and Tianjin Municipality,China,2022–2023

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China CDC weekly 2024年第3期6卷 45-50页

作者： Hui Liu Qiyu Zhu Lei Zhang Yujing Liu Peng Xu Mengjie Han National center for aids/STD Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina Chinese Association of STD and aids Prevention and Control BeijingChina Beijing Chaoyang Kangzhong Health and Education center BeijingChina

What is already known about this topic?Approximately 80%of newly diagnosed human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)cases among individuals aged 15–24 years in China are attributed to out-ofschool *** is added by this report?This study presents findings on HIV prevalence and comprehensive insights into HIV service utilization,risky behaviors,and prevention knowledge among young out-of-school men who have sex with men(MSM)aged 16–24 years in *** population exhibits a disproportionately high burden of HIV,with only 51.6%of HIV cases previously *** are the implications for public health practice?HIV services should be expanded to include these key *** interventions are needed to remove barriers to regular HIV services faced by young key populations.

关键词： prevention remove expanded

Characteristics of the HIV/aids Epidemic among People Aged≥50 Years in China during 2018–2021

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2024年第4期37卷 399-405页

作者： HOU Yu Shan JIN Yi Chen CAI Chang TANG Hou Lin QIN Qian Qian LYU Fan National center for aids/STD Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 102206China

Objective This study aimed to determine the current epidemiological status of PLWHA aged≥50 years in China from 2018 to *** also aimed to recommend targeted interventions for the prevention and treatment of HIV/aids in elderly *** Data on newly reported cases of PLWHA,aged≥50 years in China from 2018 to 2021,were collected using the *** tests and spatial analyses were also *** Between 2018 and 2021,237,724 HIV/aids cases were reported among patients aged≥50 years in *** main transmission route was heterosexual transmission(91.24%).Commercial heterosexual transmission(CHC)was the primary mode of transmission among males,while non-marital non-CHC([NMNCHC];60.59%)was the prevalent route in *** proportion of patients with CHC decreased over time(Z=67.716,Paids cases exhibited spatial *** on these results,the expansion of HIV testing,treatment,and integrated behavioral interventions in high-risk populations is recommended to enhance disease detection in key regions.

关键词： HIV/aids Aged≥50 years China

Psychoactive Substance Use and the Impact on the aids Epidemic Among the MSM Population:a Meta-Analysis—Worldwide,2014-2023

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China CDC weekly 2024年第42期6卷 1086-1092,I0001-I0006页

作者： Donghang Luo Jie Xu Wei Luo National center for aids/STD Control&Prevention Chinese Center for Diseases Control and PreventionBeijingChina

What is already known about this topic?There is a correlation between psychoactive substance use and heightened human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)susceptibility in men who have sex with men(MSM)populations,although the precise impact on transmission risk remains *** is added by this report?In MSM populations,rush poppers and amphetamines are widely used,with rates of 10.91%and 9.97%.In China,rush poppers usage is notably higher at 47.26%.For other regions and coutries,amphetamines(12.86%),rush poppers(3.62%),and GHB(3.34%)are most ***,17%of MSM use psychoactive substances,with higher HIV risk from amphetamines[Odds ratio(OR)3.06]compared to rush poppers(OR 1.51)and general substances(OR 1.76).What are the implications for public health practice?This study supports the idea that targeting specific regions and types of psychoactive substances for reduction among MSM populations can help decrease HIV transmission as well as promote prevention strategies.

关键词： prevention precise Impact

Diagnosis,Treatment,and Associated Factors Among Patients with HCV Infection—Jiangsu Province,China,2004–2020

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China CDC weekly 2024年第1期6卷 1-5,I0001-I0003页

作者： Dandan Yang Jing Lu Zhi Zhang Chuanwu Sun Zhuping Xu Yao Qi XiaoXia Liu Huan Ding Feifei Chai Zhengdong Zhang Baoli Zhu Department of Genetic Toxicology The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of EducationCenter for Global HealthSchool of Public HealthNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing CityJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Sexually Transmitted Diseases and aids Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Jiangsu ProvinceNanjing CityJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Sexually Transmitted Diseases and aids Center for Disease Control and Prevention of XuzhouXuzhou CityJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Sexually Transmitted Diseases and aids Center for Disease Control and Prevention of WuxiWuxi CityJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Sexually Transmitted Diseases and aids Center for Disease Control and Prevention of YanchengYancheng CityJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Sexually Transmitted Diseases and aids Center for Disease Control and Prevention of ZhenjiangZhenjiang CityJiangsu ProvinceChina.

What is already known on this topic?The global efforts to address the hepatitis C virus(HCV)are progressing,but there are still significant gaps in the diagnosis and treatment of HCV,leading to an increasing number of deaths related to *** is added by this report?An extensive investigation was conducted to assess HCV RNA diagnosis,treatment uptake,and associated factors among individuals infected with HCV within Jiangsu *** study encompassed a large geographical area and utilized a substantial sample *** are the implications for public health practice?Implementing focused interventions to improve the timely diagnosis of HCV RNA and increase the uptake of HCV treatment could effectively reduce the future burden of HCV-related health problems,deaths,and healthcare *** is essential for achieving the global target of eliminating hepatitis C.

关键词： diagnosis utilized Jiangsu

Trends in Incidence of HIV and Syphilis Among Men Who Have Sex with Men—Tianjin Municipality,China,2013-2022

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China CDC weekly 2024年第27期6卷 651-657页

作者： Yan Guo Fangfang Chen Hui Gong Ziming Wu Xinying Zhang Tielin Ning Zhongquan Liu Jianyun Bai Long Li Jie Yang Fangning Zhao Jinyu Hou Maohe Yu Houlin Tang STD&aids Control and Prevention Section Tianjin Center for Disease Control and PreventionTianjinChina National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases National Center for AIDS/STD Control and PreventionChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina STD&aids Control and Prevention department Tianjin Hongqiao District Center for Disease Control and PreventionTianjinChina Tianjin Shenlan Public Health Counseling Service center TianjinChina Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology of Infectious Disease Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and PreventionTianjinChina

Summary What is already known about this topic?Given the common modes of transmission,outbreaks of both human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)and syphilis are primarily observed in men who have sex with men(MSM).However,minimal research has been conducted to concurrently evaluate the rates and trends of HIV and syphilis incidence within this community in *** is added by this report?

关键词： Incidence primarily immunodeficiency

Characterization of a New HIV-1 Circulating Recombinant Form CRF142_BC—Yunnan,China,2015 and 2021

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China CDC weekly 2024年第42期6卷 1080-1085页

作者： Min Chen Huichao Chen Shouxiong Lei Jie Dai Yanling Ma Manhong Jia Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Public Health and Biosafety&Health Laboratory center Yunnan Center for Disease Control and PreventionKunming CityYunnan ProvinceChina Institute for aids/STD Control and Prevention Yunnan Center for Disease Control and PreventionKunming CityYunnan ProvinceChina Division for aids/STD Control and Prevention Zhaotong Center for Disease Control and PreventionZhaotong CityYunnan ProvinceChina Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Public Health and Biosafety&Institute for aids/STD Control and Prevention Yunnan Center for Disease Control and PreventionKunming CityYunnan ProvinceChina

What is already known about this topic?Recombinant strains dominate the human immunodeficiency virus 1(HIV-1)epidemic in *** Province was the first region in China to report HIV-1 infections in *** long-term HIV-1 epidemic led to the generation of various recombinant *** the 47 circulating recombinant forms(CRFs)reported in China,more than 20 were first identified in Yunnan *** is added by this report?This study reported a previously unrecognized HIV-1 CRF(CRF142_BC)characterized by the insertion of four short subtype B fragments into the subtype C ***142_BC was estimated to have emerged in the mid-1990s,close to the time of the emergence of most known CRF_BCs in *** are the implications for public health practice?The discovery of new CRFs will provide a basis for HIV-1 molecular tracing and intervention *** addition,HIV-1 recombination can alter viral biological *** study of HIV-1 gene variants needs to be intensified.

关键词： properties. China. intensified

On the Optimal Initial Inner-Core Size for Tropical Cyclone Intensification: An Idealized Numerical Study

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第11期41卷 2141-2155页

作者： Rong FEI Yuqing WANG School of Atmospheric Sciences and Remote Sensing Wuxi UniversityWuxi 214105China State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081China International Pacific Research center Department of Atmospheric SciencesSchool of Ocean and Earth Science and TechnologyUniversity of Hawaii at ManoaHonoluluHawaii 96822USA

Recent observational and numerical studies have revealed the dependence of the intensification rate on the inner-core size of tropical cyclones(TCs). In this study, with the initial inner-core size(i.e., the radius of maximum wind—RMW)varied from 20–180 km in idealized simulations using two different numerical models, we found a nonmonotonic dependence of the lifetime maximum intensification rate(LMIR) on the inner-core size. Namely, there is an optimal innercore size for the LMIR of a TC. Tangential wind budget analysis shows that, compared to large TCs, small TCs have large inward flux of absolute vorticity due to large absolute vorticity inside the RMW. However, small TCs also suffer from strong lateral diffusion across the eyewall, which partly offsets the positive contribution from large inward flux of absolute vorticity. These two competing processes ultimately lead to the TC with an intermediate initial inner-core size having the largest LMIR. Results from sensitivity experiments show that the optimal size varies in the range of 40–120 km and increases with higher sea surface temperature, lower latitude, larger horizontal mixing length, and weaker initial TC intensity. The 40–120 km RMW corresponds to the inner-core size most commonly found for intensifying TCs in observations, suggesting the natural selection of initial TC size for intensification. This study highlights the importance of accurate representation of TC inner-core size to TC intensity forecasts by numerical weather prediction models.

关键词： tropical cyclones intensification inner-core size idealized simulations

Targeting stroma and tumor,silencing galectin 1 treats orthotopic mouse hepatocellular carcinoma

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第1期14卷 292-303页

作者： Tahereh Setayesh Ying Hu Farzam Vaziri Xin Chen Jinping Lai Dongguang Wei Yu-Jui Yvonne Wan Department of Medical Pathology and Laboratory Medicine University of CaliforniaDavisSacramentoCA 95817USA Cancer Biology Program the University of Hawaii Cancer CenterHonoluluHI 96813USA Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Kaiser Permanente Sacramento Medical CenterSacramentoCA 95825USA

This study examines inhibiting galectin 1(Gal1)as a treatment option for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Gal1 has immunosuppressive and cancer-promoting *** data showed that Gal1 was highly expressed in human and mouse *** levels of Gal1 positively correlated with the stages of human HCC and negatively with *** roles of Gal1 in HCC were studied using overexpression(OE)or silencing using Igals1 siRNA delivered by *** to HCC initiation induced by RAS and AKT mutations,lgals1-OE and silencing had opposite impacts on tumor *** treatment effect of lgals1 siRNAwas further demonstrated by intersecting HCC at different time points when the tumor load had already reached 9%or even 42%of the body *** spatial transcriptomic profiles of Gal1 silenced and OE HCC,inhibiting matrix formation and recognition of foreign antigen in CD45t cell-enriched areas located at tumor-margin likely contributed to the anti-HCC effects of Gal1 *** the tumors,silencing Gal1 inhibited translational initiation,elongation,and ***,Gal1 silencing increased immune cells as well as expanded cytotoxic T cells within the tumor,and the anti-HCC effect of lgals1 siRNAwas ***,Gal1 silencing has a promising potential for HCC treatment.

关键词： Liver Hepatocellular carcinoma Carbohydrate-binding lectin Galectin 1 Extracellular matrix Translation Spatial transcriptomics Tumor-margin

The Epidemiological Characteristics of Mpox Cases-China,2023

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China CDC weekly 2024年第26期6卷 619-623页

作者： Ruiqi Ren Chao Li Wenqing Bai Yali Wang Dan Li Fan Ding Niu Yan Qi Wang Nijuan Xiang Lianmei Jin Lei Zhou Wenling Wang Fan Lyu Peilong Li Dapeng Zhang Yan Li Quanyi Wang Qun Li Guoqing Shi National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina Chinese center for Disease Control and Prevention BeijingChina National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina National center for aids/STD Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina Guangdong Provincial center for Disease Control and Prevention Guangzhou CityGuangdong ProvinceChina Beijing Municipal center for Disease Prevention and Control BeijingChina

Summary What is already known about this topic?Since May 2022,a global outbreak of mpox has emerged in more than 100 non-endemic *** of December 2023,over 90,000 cases had been *** outbreak has predominantly affected men who have sex with men(MSM),with sexual contact identified as the principal mode of *** is added by this report?Since June 2023,China has faced an occurrence of mpox,predominantly affecting the MSM *** 90%of those affected reported engaging in homosexual behavior within 21 days prior to symptom onset,a trend that aligns with the global outbreak *** prompt identification of cases,diligent tracing of close contacts,and the implementation of appropriate management strategies have successfully mitigated the spread of mpox virus in *** are the implications for public health practice?We propose that mpox is transmitted locally within *** from our experiences in controlling the virus spread,it is crucial to investigate and formulate effective surveillance and educational ***,we must encourage high-risk populations to promptly seek medical care upon the onset of symptoms.

关键词： prompt Drawing spread