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TEAM:Transformer Encoder Attention Module for Video Classification

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2024年第2期48卷 451-477页

作者： Hae Sung Park Yong Suk Choi Department of Artificial Intelligence Hanyang UniversitySeoulKorea Department of Computer Science Hanyang UniversitySeoulKorea

Much like humans focus solely on object movement to understand actions,directing a deep learning model’s attention to the core contexts within videos is crucial for improving video comprehension.In the recent study,Video Masked Auto-Encoder(VideoMAE)employs a pre-training approach with a high ratio of tube masking and reconstruction,effectively mitigating spatial bias due to temporal redundancy in full video frames.This steers the model’s focus toward detailed temporal contexts.However,as the VideoMAE still relies on full video frames during the action recognition stage,it may exhibit a progressive shift in attention towards spatial contexts,deteriorating its ability to capture the main spatio-temporal contexts.To address this issue,we propose an attention-directing module named Transformer Encoder Attention Module(TEAM).This proposed module effectively directs the model’s attention to the core characteristics within each video,inherently mitigating spatial bias.The TEAM first figures out the core features among the overall extracted features from each video.After that,it discerns the specific parts of the video where those features are located,encouraging the model to focus more on these informative parts.Consequently,during the action recognition stage,the proposed TEAM effectively shifts the VideoMAE’s attention from spatial contexts towards the core spatio-temporal contexts.This attention-shift manner alleviates the spatial bias in the model and simultaneously enhances its ability to capture precise video contexts.We conduct extensive experiments to explore the optimal configuration that enables the TEAM to fulfill its intended design purpose and facilitates its seamless integration with the VideoMAE framework.The integrated model,i.e.,VideoMAE+TEAM,outperforms the existing VideoMAE by a significant margin on Something-Something-V2(71.3%vs.70.3%).Moreover,the qualitative comparisons demonstrate that the TEAM encourages the model to disregard insignificant features and focus more on the essential video feature

关键词： Video classification action recognition vision transformer masked auto-encoder

Insights into the changes in the surface properties of goethite with Ni in the lattice in the presence of salicylhydroxamic acid:Experimental and density functional theory studies

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第4期31卷 665-677页

作者： Levie Mweene Gilsang Hong Hee-Eun Jeong Hee-won Kang Hyunjung Kim Department of Earth Resources and Environmental Engineering Hanyang University222 Wangsimni-roSeongdong-guSeoul 04763Republic of Korea

Comparative experiments and theoretical analysis of the surface chemistry changes of goethite(GT)and goethite containing Ni(GTN)in the lattice in the presence of salicylhydroxamic acid(SA)were performed.It was revealed that in the presence of 100 g·t^(-1)of SA,the flotation recovery of GTN and GT increased with increasing pH,achieving a maximum recovery of 98.9%for both minerals at p H 8.3 and decreasing beyond that pH,with GTN having a slightly higher recovery than GT,except at pH 8.3.This was further confirmed by the higher complexation energies of GTN···SA(-883.87 kJ·mol^(-1))compared with GT···SA(-604.23 kJ·mol^(-1))resulting from covalent,closed-shell,and conventional hydrogen bonding.The higher adsorption of SA onto GTN relative to GT was due to the formation of aπ-hole in GTN,thereby promoting a higher interaction of the collector with the mineral.Thus,the presence of Ni in the GT lattice improves and decreases the adsorption and desorption of SA onto and from the mineral,respectively,compared with those onto and from GT.

关键词： nickel goethite adsorption salicylhydroxamic acid recovery

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Structural and electrochemical stabilization enabling high-energy P3-type Cr-based layered oxide cathode for K-ion batteries

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Carbon Energy 2024年第5期6卷 81-93页

作者： Wonseok Ko Seokjin Lee Hyunyoung Park Jungmin Kang Jinho Ahn Yongseok Lee Gwangeon Oh Jung-Keun Yoo Jang-Yeon Hwang Jongsoon Kim Department of Energy Science Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonRepublic of Korea SKKU Institute of Energy Science and Technology(SIEST) Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonRepublic of Korea Department of Energy Engineering Hanyang UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea Carbon Composites Department Korea Institute of Materials Science(KIMS)ChangwonRepublic of Korea Department of Battery Engineering Hanyang UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea

Layered-type transition metal(TM)oxides are considered as one of the most promising cathodes for K-ion batteries because of the large theoretical gravimetric capacity by low molar mass.However,they suffer from severe structural change by de/intercalation and diffusion of K^(+)ions with large ionic size,which results in not only much lower reversible capacity than the theoretical capacity but also poor power capability.Thus,it is important to enhance the structural stability of the layered-type TM oxides for outstanding electrochemical behaviors under the K-ion battery system.Herein,it is investigated that the substitution of the appropriate Ti^(4+)contents enables a highly enlarged reversible capacity of P3-type KxCrO_(2) using combined studies of first-principles calculation and various experiments.Whereas the pristine P3-type KxCrO_(2) just exhibits the reversible capacity of∼120 mAh g^(−1) in the voltage range of 1.5-4.0 V(vs.K^(+)/K),the∼0.61 mol K^(+)corresponding to∼150 mAh g^(−1) can be reversible de/intercalated at the structure of P3-type K0.71[Cr_(0.75)Ti_(0.25)]O_(2) under the same conditions.Furthermore,even at the high current density of 788 mA g^(−1),the specific capacity of P3-type K0.71[Cr_(0.75)Ti_(0.25)]O_(2) is∼120 mAh g^(−1),which is∼81 times larger than that of the pristine P3-type KxCrO_(2).It is believed that this research can provide an effective strategy to improve the electrochemical performances of the cathode materials suffered by severe structural change that occurred during charge/discharge under not only K-ion battery system but also other rechargeable battery systems.

关键词： cathodes first-principles calculations layered-type oxide materials potassium-ion batteries structural stabilization

Experimental and computational optimization of Prussian blue analogues as high-performance cathodes for sodium-ion batteries:A review

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第6期93卷 627-662,I0015页

作者： Gwangeon Oh Junghoon Kim Shivam Kansara Hyokyeong Kang Hun-Gi Jung Yang-Kook Sun Jang-Yeon Hwang Department of Energy Engineering Hanyang UniversitySeoul 04763Republic of Korea Energy Storage Research Center Clean Energy Research DivisionKorea Institute of Science and TechnologySeoul 02792Republic of Korea Department of Energy Science Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon 16419Republic of Korea KIST-SKKU Carbon-Neutral Research Center Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon 16419Republic of Korea Department of Battery Engineering Hanyang UniversitySeoul 04763Republic of Korea

In this review,we discuss the electrochemical properties of Prussian blue(PB)for Na^(+)storage by combining structural engineering and electrolyte modifications.We integrated experimental data and density functional theory(DFT)in sodium-ion battery(SIB)research to refine the atomic arrangements and crystal lattices and introduce substitutions and dopants.These changes affect the lattice stability,intercalation,electronic and ionic conductivities,and electrochemical performance.We unraveled the intricate structure-electrochemical behavior relationship by combining experimental data with computational models,including first-principles calculations.This holistic approach identified techniques for optimizing PB and Prussian blue analog(PBA)structu ral properties for SIBs.We also discuss the tuning of electrolytes by systematically adjusting their composition,concentration,and additives using a combination of molecular dynamics(MD)simulations and DFT computations.Our review offers a comprehensive assessment of strategies for enhancing the electrochemical properties of PB and PBAs through structural engineering and electrolyte modifications,combining experimental insights with advanced computational simulations,and paving the way for next-generation energy storage systems.

关键词： Prussian blue analogs(PBAs) Sodium ion batteries(SIBs) Structural engineering Electrolyte modifications Experiments Density functional theory(DFT)

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Generalized polynomial chaos expansion by reanalysis using static condensation based on substructuring

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第5期45卷 819-836页

作者： D.LEE S.CHANG J.LEE Department of Automotive Engineering Hanyang UniversitySeoul 04763Republic of Korea School of Mechanical Engineering Chungnam National UniversityDaejeon 34134Republic of Korea Department of Mechanical Robotics and Energy EngineeringDongguk UniversitySeoul 04620Republic of Korea

This paper presents a new computational method for forward uncertainty quantification(UQ)analyses on large-scale structural systems in the presence of arbitrary and dependent random inputs.The method consists of a generalized polynomial chaos expansion(GPCE)for statistical moment and reliability analyses associated with the stochastic output and a static reanalysis method to generate the input-output data set.In the reanalysis,we employ substructuring for a structure to isolate its local regions that vary due to random inputs.This allows for avoiding repeated computations of invariant substructures while generating the input-output data set.Combining substructuring with static condensation further improves the computational efficiency of the reanalysis without losing accuracy.Consequently,the GPCE with the static reanalysis method can achieve significant computational saving,thus mitigating the curse of dimensionality to some degree for UQ under high-dimensional inputs.The numerical results obtained from a simple structure indicate that the proposed method for UQ produces accurate solutions more efficiently than the GPCE using full finite element analyses(FEAs).We also demonstrate the efficiency and scalability of the proposed method by executing UQ for a large-scale wing-box structure under ten-dimensional(all-dependent)random inputs.

关键词： forward uncertainty quantification(UQ) generalized polynomial chaos expansion(GPCE) static reanalysis method static condensation substructuring

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An Artificial Intelligence-Based Framework for Fruits Disease Recognition Using Deep Learning

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2024年第2期48卷 529-554页

作者： Irfan Haider Muhammad Attique Khan Muhammad Nazir Taerang Kim Jae-Hyuk Cha Department of Computer Science HITEC UniversityTaxila47080Pakistan Department of Computer Science Hanyang UniversitySeoulKorea

Fruit infections have an impact on both the yield and the quality of the crop.As a result,an automated recognition system for fruit leaf diseases is important.In artificial intelligence(AI)applications,especially in agriculture,deep learning shows promising disease detection and classification results.The recent AI-based techniques have a few challenges for fruit disease recognition,such as low-resolution images,small datasets for learning models,and irrelevant feature extraction.This work proposed a new fruit leaf leaf leaf disease recognition framework using deep learning features and improved pathfinder optimization.Three fruit types have been employed in this work for the validation process,such as apple,grape,and Citrus.In the first step,a noisy dataset is prepared by employing the original images to learn the designed framework better.The EfficientNet-B0 deep model is fine-tuned on the next step and trained separately on the original and noisy data.After that,features are fused using a serial concatenation approach that is later optimized in the next step using an improved Path Finder Algorithm(PFA).This algorithm aims to select the best features based on the fitness score and ignore redundant information.The selected features are finally classified using machine learning classifiers such as Medium Neural Network,Wide Neural Network,and Support Vector Machine.The experimental process was conducted on each fruit dataset separately and obtained an accuracy of 100%,99.7%,99.7%,and 93.4%for apple,grape,Citrus fruit,and citrus plant leaves,respectively.A detailed analysis is conducted and also compared with the recent techniques,and the proposed framework shows improved accuracy.

关键词： Fruit disease contrast enhancement augmentation deep learning fusion feature selection classification

Progress and prospects of chiral nanomaterials for biosensing platforms

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Rare Metals 2024年第6期43卷 2469-2497页

作者： Yu-Cheng Ouyang Bong-Jun Yeom Yuan Zhao Wei Ma School of Food Science and Technology State Key Laboratory of Food Science and ResourcesJiangnan University Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids Ministry of EducationSchool of Chemical and Material EngineeringJiangnan University Department of Chemical Engineering Hanyang University

Chiral nanomaterials have distinct chiroptical properties of preferential interactions to circularly polarized lights.Chirality-based biosensors have emerged for detection of biomolecules,ions and cells in recent years.This review provides an extensive overview of biosensors based on chiral nanomaterials,starting with approaches to chiral nanomaterials construction in terms of fabrication strategies.Fabrication of chiral nanomaterials and their biosensor applications is presented for different material types,with special emphasis on the role and importance of material properties and signal generation in detection.We assessed the technological prospects of the emerging fields of chiral construction,circularly polarized luminescence,Raman optical activity and so on along with their current challenges.Prospective venues for future research on chiral nanomaterials in fabrication,biosensing,disease diagnosis and treatment are also presented in the review.

关键词： Chiral nanomaterials Circular dichroism Biosensors

Evaluation of the coefficient of lateral stress at rest of granular materials under repetitive loading conditions

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第5期16卷 1709-1721页

作者： Heerym Han Hyunwook Choo Junghee Park Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Hanyang UniversitySeoul04763South Korea Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Incheon National UniversityIncheon22012South Korea

Although the internal stress state of soils can be affected by repetitive loading,there are few studies evaluating the lateral stress(or K_(0))of soils under repetitive loading.This study investigates the changes in K_(0) and directional shear wave velocity(V_(s))in samples of two granular materials with different particle shapes during repetitive loading.A modified oedometer cell equipped with bender elements and a diaphragm transducer was developed to measure the variations in the lateral stress and the shear wave velocity,under repetitive loading on the loading and unloading paths.The study produced the following results:(1)Repetitive loading on the loading path resulted in an increase in the K_(0) of test samples as a function of cyclic loading number(i),and(2)Repetitive loading on the unloading path resulted in a decrease in K_(0) according to i.The shear wave velocity ratio(i.e.V_(s)(HH)/V_(s)(VH),where the first and second letters in parentheses corresponds to the directions of wave propagation and particle motion,respectively,and V and H corresponds to the vertical and horizontal directions,respectively)according to i supports the experimental observations of this study.However,when the tested material was in lightly over-consolidated state,there was an increase in K_(0) during repetitive loading,indicating that it was the initial K_(0),rather than the loading path,which is responsible for the change in K_(0).The power model can capture the variation in the K_(0) of samples according to i.Notably,the K_(0)=1 line acts as the boundary between the increase and decrease in K_(0) under repetitive loading.

关键词： Coefficient of lateral stress at rest Repetitive loading Granular materials Shear wave velocity Stiffness anisotropy

A Study on the Influence of Patterned Logo Design on Brand Image-Focused on the Li Ning Brand

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Cultural and Religious Studies 2024年第6期12卷 375-387页

作者： ZHAO Manman Jeong Eui-tae hanyang university SeoulSouth Korea

In today’s flood of information,people mainly rely on visual information to recognize brands.Pattern logo design is a representative brand image and directly affects consumers’brand impression and perception.The purpose of this study is to examine the characteristics of the Li Ning brand and the effect of pattern logo design on the brand image.Specifically,it is to provide practical guidelines for brand management and design by analyzing the effects on brand perception,emotional connection,and consumer behavior.For the scope of the study,seven brands are selected for analysis of famous brand cases at home and abroad.The research method is to design a patterned logo suitable for brand characteristics through literature review,empirical research,and detailed analysis of the overall style characteristics of the current Li Ning brand.The research content first analyzes the role of pattern logo design in terms of brand perception,brand perception,and brand sensitivity.Subsequently,the evolution and effect of the Li Ning brand in logo design are examined,and details are discussed in combination with the color and shape of the logo pattern.Finally,by presenting some suggestions and optimized design plans that fit the characteristics and trends of the Li Ning brand,the brand image and market competitiveness can be improved.According to the research results,first,the color,shape,and other factors of brand pattern logo design are closely related to brand image.Second,pattern logo design has a significant influence on consumer attitudes and purchase intentions.Third,consumers are more interested in the design of a patterned logo with high brand awareness.This study has a certain significance in that it reveals the mechanism by which pattern logo design affects brand image and provides useful ideas and suggestions for brand design and marketing.

关键词： pattern graphic design logo design brand image